FLOODRESILIENTTAMPABAY

Transcription

1 C. Zevenbergen UNESCO-IHE/Delft University of Technology, Dura Vermeer Group, Hoofddorp,The Netherlands A. Cashman University of Sheffield, UK N. Evelpidou University of Athens, Greece E. Pasche Hamburg University of Technology, Germany S. Garvin BRE Scotland, Glasgow, UK R.Ashley Pennine Water Group, Sheffield, UK FRG: FLOODRESILIENCEGROUP Research group at Unesco-IHE, Delft: Research Driven: Interdisciplinary, emerging topics; Interdisciplinary: Hydrology, Urban Development, Policy, etc.; Network: Hamburg, Melbourne, etc.; International: NL, Europe, World; Self-Supporting: Funding, Consultancy; Agile: Pro-Active; Science Policy Interface: Close collaboration with industry, local/regional/national government; Impact Driven: Uptake, Delivery; ORDERONLINEAT WWWCRCPRESSCOM FLOODRESILIENCEGROUP ir. W. (William) Veerbeek Urban Development FLOOD RESILIENCE GROUP WE Department Unesco-IHE Westvest 7 P.O. Box DA Delft Netherlands T: +31(0) M: +31(0) w.veerbeek@floodresiliencegroup.org Page 1

2 THE DUTCH CONTEXT NL: THE DRAIN OF EUROPE 66% below sea level 16 million inhabitants 2,000 billion Euro s of assets protected against water 25 % is surface water 25 % man-made reclaimed land (polders) One of the most densely populated delta s on the plane Page 2

3 THE DUTCH CONTEXT NL: THE DRAIN OF EUROPE 66% below sea level 16 million inhabitants 2,000 billion Euro s of assets protected against water 25 % is surface water 25 % man-made reclaimed land (polders) One of the most densely populated delta s on the plane Page 3

4 THE 1953 FLOOD: A MAJOR WAKE-UP CALL STORM SURGE COMBINED WITH SPRING TIDE 5.6m (18 ) above mean sea level resulting in dike breaches 1835 casualties; 72,000 evacuated 47,300 buildings damaged; total damages 450m EUR(1953); Page 4

5 THE 1953 FLOOD: A MAJOR WAKE-UP CALL STORM SURGE COMBINED WITH SPRING TIDE 5.6m (18 ) above mean sea level resulting in dike breaches 1835 casualties; 72,000 evacuated 47,300 buildings damaged; total damages 450m EUR(1953); Page 5

6 THE 1953 FLOOD: A MAJOR WAKE-UP CALL STORM SURGE COMBINED WITH SPRING TIDE 5.6m (18 ) above mean sea level resulting in dike breaches 1835 casualties; 72,000 evacuated 47,300 buildings damaged; total damages 450m EUR(1953); Page 6

7 THE 1953 FLOOD: A MAJOR WAKE-UP CALL INSTALLATION OF THE DELTA COMMITTEE Predict and control regime (floods as a result of neglect of man ; Top Down Flood Management; Delta Works Stringent safety standards based on fixed drivers; Page 7

8 THE 1953 FLOOD: A MAJOR WAKE-UP CALL INSTALLATION OF THE DELTA COMMITTEE Predict and control regime (floods as a result of neglect of man ; Top Down Flood Management; Delta Works Stringent safety standards based on fixed drivers; Page 8

9 THE 1953 FLOOD: A MAJOR WAKE-UP CALL INSTALLATION OF THE DELTA COMMITTEE Predict and control regime (floods as a result of neglect of man ; Top Down Flood Management; Delta Works Stringent safety standards based on fixed drivers; Page 9

10 1993 & 1995: A NARROW ESCAPE RIVER FLOODING FROM THE SOUTH-EAST Extreme river discharges on the Rhine and Meuse; No dike breaches but overtopping; 250,000 people evacuated (1995); Page 10

11 1993 & 1995: A NARROW ESCAPE RIVER FLOODING FROM THE SOUTH-EAST Extreme river discharges on the Rhine and Meuse; No dike breaches but overtopping; 250,000 people evacuated (1995); Page 11

12 1993 & 1995: A NARROW ESCAPE INSTALLATION OF THE DELTA COMMITTEE 2.0 Integrated and adaptive regime; Changing drivers and deep uncertainty; Multi-level governance: Effective public participation; Climate change = opportunity for innovation; Long-term perspective and short term benefits. Whole safety chain Page 12

13 1993 & 1995: A NARROW ESCAPE INSTALLATION OF THE DELTA COMMITTEE 2.0 Integrated and adaptive regime; Changing drivers and deep uncertainty; Multi-level governance: Effective public participation; Climate change = opportunity for innovation; Long-term perspective and short term benefits. Whole safety chain Page 13

14 1993 & 1995: A NARROW ESCAPE INSTALLATION OF THE DELTA COMMITTEE 2.0 Integrated and adaptive regime; Changing drivers and deep uncertainty; Multi-level governance: Effective public participation; Climate change = opportunity for innovation; Long-term perspective and short term benefits. Whole safety chain Page 14

15 BEYOND THE DELTA COMMITTEE 2.0 CHANGES IN PERSPECTIVE: BOTTOM-UP CLIMATE ADAPTATION Cities, companies and knowledge institutes are taking the lead; Climate Adaptation as a Unique Selling Point (frontrunners); Climate Adaptation as a vehicle to speed up other processes; New partnerships and roles; Policy (e.g. unembanked areas) developed from local knowledge; E.G. ROTTERDAM GREEN ROOF INITIATIVE Green roofs increase the stormwater drainage network capacity; Mitigate UHI, drought; Implemented as sewer tax reduction; Public buildings taking the lead. Page 15

16 ROTTERDAM/DORDRECHT: USING CC AS AN ASSET Page 16

17 MAINSTREAMING CLIMATE ADAPTATION ROOF PARK : COMBINING DIKE, RETAIL, INFRASTRUCTURE & PARK Part of the main dike-ring; Financed by a PPS construction; Synergy between urban quality, flood protection and building program. FLOODRESILIENCEGROUP Page 17

18 AMPHIBIOUS HOUSING COMMUNITY MAASBOMMEL AMPHIBIOUS HOUSING COMMUNITY MAASBOMMEL Resting on foundation during normal conditions; Hollow concrete base for buoyancy; Floating during high water stages in Meuse; 2010: Successful operation during high waters. FLOODRESILIENCEGROUP Page 18

19 LESSONS FROM THE NETHERLANDS ADOPT A LONG TERM HORIZON USING A LOCAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY 2 STEP APPROACH Use pilots to gain leadership; Mainstream climate adaptation into urban (re)development cycle. DEVELOP AN ECONOMIC BENEFIT Make climate adaptation a Business Case (life cycle approach); Combine functions, goals; Assess benefits of flexibility (e.g. by real-options appraisal); DEVELOP ACTIVE LEARNING Employ a project oriented learning alliance including a broad set of stakeholders; Distribute risk: Develop a multi-level safety approach; WE CANNOT BUILD OUR WAY OUT OF CLIMATE CHANGE! Page 19

20 DEVELOPED CITIES: LIFE CYCLE IS THE KEY TO ADAPTATION CLIMATE PROOFING THE NETHERLANDS : Assessment of exposure to drought, river flooding, waterlogging & heat stress; Assessment of lifespan of building stock & other assets; MAINSTREAMING CLIMATE PROOFING MEASURES INTO URBAN RENEWAL: Quick wins: Adaptation of post-war building stock; Declining vulnerability based on lifespan & adaptation 100% % 80% 70% 60% 50% 35.52% 57.28% 74.15% 82.87% 87.25% % 30% 20% 10% 0% current not exposed potential reduction Page 20

21 LESSONS FROM THE NETHERLANDS ADOPT A LONG TERM HORIZON USING A LOCAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY 2 STEP APPROACH Use pilots to gain leadership; Mainstream climate adaptation into urban (re)development cycle. DEVELOP AN ECONOMIC BENEFIT Make climate adaptation a Business Case (life cycle approach); Combine functions, goals; Assess benefits of flexibility (e.g. by real-options appraisal); DEVELOP ACTIVE LEARNING Employ a project oriented learning alliance including a broad set of stakeholders; Distribute risk: Develop a multi-level safety approach; WE CANNOT BUILD OUR WAY OUT OF CLIMATE CHANGE! Page 21