Monitoring of water quality in Constanta Port

Transcription

1 Monitoring of water quality in Constanta Port

2 Black Sea Black Sea basin covers km 2, representing 20% of Europe, having as main tributaries, rivers as Danube, Nipru, Nistru, Bug, Kuban. The highest contribution among all is that of Danube river, which represents 70%.

3 Romanian Coastal Waters Romanian coastal waters are represented by the surface waters situated between land and distance of 1 marine mile towards the nearest point of the base line, between Chilia and Vama Veche. Coastal waters have been included in the Danube hydrographic district covering km 2, having in view the fact that the coastal waters are substantially influenced by the Danube conditions.

4 Romanian Coast Romanian Black Sea coast lays on 244 km (between Musura and Vama Veche), representing 6% of the total length of the Black Sea coast, including 128 km marine transitory waters and 116 km coastal waters. Romanian coast consists of approx. 80% low altitudes shores beaches and approx. 20% high shores cliffs, the Northern sector representing 68% and the Southern one, 32%.

5 Biodiversity Black Sea biodiversity is represented by phytoplankton species, macrofitobentos, zooplankton, zoobentos, fish and marine mammals. Marine diversity has suffered severe changes, including the Romanian region, regarding the specific composition, populations, and biocenosis, consequence of intense anthropic activities, especially between At present, there is noticed a slight restoration of biodiversity in the Black Sea, recently observed at the level of invertebrates and fish, which in the past there were in an ecological standstill.

6 Unique characteristics of the Black Sea are represented by: Continental shelf covers km 2, which is approx. 25% of the total surface; Predominant direction of the marine current is N-S Lack of vertical currents and tides; Anoxic majority volume (90%); High temporal and spatial unsteadiness of the physical - chemical properties; Pronounced increase of the water density between m depth caused by the nonexistent vertical mixture among the surface and deep layers; Salinity is almost half of the planetary ocean, varying between at surface layers and 22,5 at m depth; Existence of a superficial oxygenated layer, where there are developed biotic processes and a deep anoxic one, where life is not possible, containing hydrogen sulfide, separated at a depth of m; Reduced water change with Mediterranean Sea through Bosfor strait; Ionic composition is a little bit different than the planetary ocean, for example: more Ca, Mg, CO3 and SO4; Transfer time of the substances (nutrients, pollutants, etc), from one side of the Black Sea to the other, occurs in 2 3 months.

7 Sources with significant pollution are represented by: Danube river that transports important quantities of pollutants coming from the entire Danube basin; Local sources on the Romanian Black Sea Coast; Sources on the Ukrainian Black Sea Coast. Important to mention that the coastal water status, at the level of the Romanian region, is determined by the status of the Danube river which brings in the Black Sea important quantities of pollutants from the total annual amount of pollutants. Also, the Romanian coastal waters conditions are influenced by the contribution of pollutants from the Ukrainian sector, as a consequence of the predominant direction of the currents, N S direction and the processes that take place in the Black Sea. The contribution of the local sources at the condition of the marine environment is considered non significant, in comparison with the contribution of the Danube river and the sources in the Ukrainian sector of the Black Sea.

8 Significant hydro - morphological pressures are represented by: Protection dykes for the beaches; Touristic harbor Tomis (North of Constanta harbor); Maritime harbor Constanta and arranged cliff in this area. Maritime harbor Mangalia

9 Accidental pollution and sources The quality of water resources is influenced in a high extent by the accidental pollutions causing sudden alterations of the physic, chemical, biological or bacteriological water status, exceeding the admissible limits. Accidental pollutions, in Romania, are managed according to the Law of Disasters 124/1995 and Water Law 107/1996, completed and updated, in a methodological frame and the action way is performed according to the Plans of prevention and control of accidental pollutions, and also The own plans of the polluting sources.

10 For coastal waters there is a specific law frame, the most important being: Governmental Decision 1593/2002 regarding the approval of the National Plan for preparing, answer and cooperation in case of marine pollution with hydrocarbons, modified by the Governmental Decision 893/2006 and the Law of the Coastal Zone 280/2003 that approves the Ordinance 202/2002, that refers to the management of the coastal zone.

11 The Laboratory of Water Administration Dobrogea Litoral performs analysis according to the Minster Order 31/2006, SMIAR (Integrated Monitoring Water System in Romania) and GD 352/2005. Natural water bodies are monitored, where industrial or municipal waste waters are discharged, straight through or from the WWTP. The monitoring is achieved by the National System of Water Quality Control. The control sections for surface waters, lakes and ground waters are approved by Minster of Environment Order. (2) N.S.W.Q.C. is yearly updated according to the monitoring requirements in the normative. The collected data will be transmitted to the central public authority for data base performing. This data will be available for European Commission, any time when they are required. In Constanta harbor, there are established some impact points, for ex. port berths 34, 69, 78, 84-86, monitored by WAD L.

12 Usually, in harbors, there is noticed a flora impoverishment, in some cases getting to complete extinction. Marine flora is threatened, especially, by the oily strip, that prevent water oxygenation. There is self evident that in the coastal zone, flora is the first to suffer but there are repercussions for the seabed flora, too. Oil is the enemy for the fish, at the same time. Black tides considerably prejudice the economic activities, in all cases, the cleaning process is very expensive. We must be convinced that fight against pollution can t be the struggle of only one nation or a generation, but everything must be thought at the global level. For the moment, at least, we have the satisfaction to observe that all over the world, people, especially the young generation is enthusiastic when it comes to environment protection.

13 We don t like this..

14 ..but we like this!

15 Thank you for listening!