CITY OF STOCKTON MUNICIPAL UTILITIES DEPARTMENT WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM JANUARY 10, 2008

Transcription

1 CITY OF STOCKTON MUNICIPAL UTILITIES DEPARTMENT WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM JANUARY 10, 2008

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3 CITY OF STOCKTON MUNICIPAL UTILITIES DEPARTMENT W A T E R C O N S E R V A T I O N P R O G R A M A N D P R O J E C T M A N A G E M E N T P L A N Prepared for: CITY OF STOCKTON MUNICIPAL UTILITIES DEPARTMENT Prepared by: PMC 2729 PROSPECT PARK DRIVE, SUITE 220 RANCHO CORDOVA, CA JANUARY 2008

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5 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM TABLE OF CONTENTS EECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION How Water Conservation Will Satisfy Stockton s Future Water Supply Benefits of Demand Management as Part of a Water Conservation Program Distinction between Water Shortage Conservation Actions and Long-Term Water Conservation Program Actions RECENT WATER SUPPLY TO THE UTILITY SERVICE AREA UTILITY SERVICE AREA CUSTOMER WATER USE Residential Interior Water Usage Residential Exterior Water Usage Landscape Irrigation Water Usage Commercial, Industrial, and Institutional Equipment and Process Water Usage POTENTIAL WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES Potential Residential Water Conservation Measures Potential Landscape Irrigation Conservation Measures Potential Commercial, Industrial, and Institutional Water Conservation Measures Potential Approaches to Deliver Water Conservation Measures Potential Water Conservation Levels in the Utility Service Area RECOMMENDED WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES Recommended Approach Recommended Water Conservation Measures for Residential Customers Recommended Water Conservation Measures for Commercial, Institutional, and Industrial Customers Recommended Water Conservation Measures for Large Landscape Irrigation Customers Pace of Implementation...35 i Water Conservation Program

6 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM 5.6 Partnerships MARKETING AND PUBLIC OUTREACH Key Messages Marketing Objectives Target Audiences Outreach Tactics Potential Marketing Partners Outreach Campaign Implementation Schedule PROGRAM MANAGEMENT Incentive Administration Implementation Subcontractors Program Quality Control Measuring Program Effectiveness Reports BUDGET Estimated Program Costs Alternative Funding Sources Cost Sharing IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ABBREVIATIONS AND GLOSSARY REFERENCES Water Conservation Program ii

7 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1 Estimated 2012 Annual Water Savings of Conservation Measures at Three Levels of Implementation...5 Figure 2-1 Water Supplies to Service Area...12 Figure 2-2 Water Volumes by Source, April 2006 March Figure 3-1 Figure Figure Utility Customer Water Use...14 Non-saving Daily per Capita Use...16 Per Acre Monthly Water Requirements for Evapotranspiration...21 Figure Estimated 2012 Annual Water Savings of Conservation Measures at Three Levels of Implementation...34 Figure Sample Rebate or Credit Incentive Application Process...45 LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Values of Rebates or Credits for Water Conservation Measures...4 Table 1-2 Table 1-3 Table 3-1 Table Table Recommended Budget for the Water Conservation Program...7 Five-Year Program Implementation Schedule...8 Projected Growth Rates of Stockton Water Demand...14 Potential Residential Savings Per Capita Daily Water Use...20 Common Water Using Technologies Employed by Businesses...23 Table Best Management Practices for Urban Water Conservation Developed by the California Urban Water Conservation Council and California Department of Water Resources Demand Management Practices...26 Table Cost and Water Savings for Recommended Water Conservation Incentives...34 Table Values of Rebates or Credits for Water Conservation Measures...49 Table Recommended Budget for the Water Conservation Program...50 Table 9-1 Water Conservation Program Proposed Schedule Fiscal Year Table 9-2 Proposed Five-Year Schedule for Water Conservation Program...55 iii Water Conservation Program

8 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A: Appendix B: Appendix C: Appendix D: Appendix E: Summary of Data Analysis Water Use in Stockton Schools in Stockton Water Service Area Location IDs of accounts with 1992 and earlier meter dates (to be provided on CD) Partial list of Location IDs with potentially high irrigation use (to be provided on CD) Comparable Conservation Program Elements Methods to Evaluate Change in Customer Water Use Water Utilities Using Tiered Rate Structures Northern California Water Agencies Offering Water Efficiency Rebates Assembly Bill No Water-Efficient Hardware and Vendors Retailers and Service Providers Qualifying Clothes Washers Qualifying High-Efficiency Toilets Qualifying WaterSmart Irrigation Controller Information List of Qualifying Waterbrooms Detailed Effectiveness Measures Including Cost per Acre-Feet Water Conservation Program iv

9 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM EECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION The City of Stockton City Council authorized preparation of a Water Conservation Program for the (Utility or City Utility) in January 2007 with the intent of saving water and deferring capital investment of water supplies. A long-term water conservation program is intended to address numerous local, regional, and regulatory priorities, promote a reduction in water use, wastewater treatment, energy consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions, and provide ancillary benefits to ecosystem health and groundwater recharge. The following document provides the foundation for a long-term water conservation program and includes a Water Conservation Program. The City of Stockton Water Conservation Program has been developed in order to: Address demand management for existing and future water supplies; Provide details on demand management; and Provide incentive-based water efficiency measures for the City of Stockton. The City of Stockton Water Conservation Program is intended to include water conservation components as described in the following documents: Eastern San Joaquin Groundwater Management Plan (2004) Delta Water Supply Project Feasibility Report 2005 Update to the City of Stockton Urban Water Management Plan California Urban Water Conservation Council Best Management Practices for Urban Water Conservation The Water Conservation Program has been developed with careful reference to local and statewide conditions and water conservation experiences. For the benefit of readers and decision makers, this document attempts to do the following: Provide an overview of water supplied to the City of Stockton Water Utility Service Area; Review water usage for the various types of Utility customers; Describe several potential water conservation measures; Recommend water conservation measures as well as a marketing plan for implementation; and, Propose a program management structure including a multi-year (early 2008-June 2009) budget and implementation schedule. In order for people to engage in water savings, the Utility seeks to provide information on specific water usage for each customer type in Stockton, including single-family residential, multi-family residential, dedicated irrigation, commercial, government, institutional, and industrial water users. The information contained herein describes a summary of some of the fundamental 1 Water Conservation Program

10 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM characteristics of water demand in the Utility Service Area. The Water Conservation Program is written to serve and inform City staff, officials, and residents so as to encourage behavior changes in support of sustainable water use practices. The City s long-term goal is to consistently reduce the annual rate of water consumption by all types of customers. The Water Conservation Program calls for voluntary participation and does not respond to water supply shortages, such as drought. Water Conservation Program Objectives Provide information, incentives, and implementation measures for the entire Utility Water Service Area. Replace inefficient water consumptive appliances and processes with water efficient technologies and select equipment types that serve residential customers, commercial and industrial customers, and irrigated landscapes. Meet best management practice standards of the California Urban Water Conservation Council. Achieve stakeholder and City approval of the Water Conservation Program. Cultivate customer acceptance and participation in the Water Conservation Program. Review current rate structure and consider replacing declining block rates with a structure that utilizes conservation pricing. Within five years, achieve annual water savings equal to 1,200 acre-feet or more per year. This amount is equivalent to approximately 3.4 percent of the 2006 total water demand and is the recommended target goal in water savings for the City of Stockton. Marketing and Outreach Objectives Develop outreach and educational materials for City staff, officials, and residential and commercial water users. Provide stakeholder meetings in order to develop greater awareness and understanding of the Water Conservation incentives. All City departments will be included in the conservation outreach efforts, with specific focus on those that will utilize the water efficient equipment the most, such as Parks and Recreation and Public Works. Advance customer awareness of incentive programs that increase water efficiency. Upon City Council approval, begin Implementation and Outreach Campaign in February 2008 (see Section 6 for a detailed outreach implementation schedule). Implementation Schedule Present Water Conservation Program to the Stockton City Council Water Committee in. Water Conservation Program 2

11 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Present Water Conservation Program to the Stockton City Council for approval in February Upon City Council approval, launch Incentives Program in February Program Implementation extends from Spring 2008 through June Recommended Water Conservation Measures City public buildings, such as those operated by the Department of Public Works and Parks and Recreation, should set an example with water efficient fixtures in public areas, including bathrooms. Offer commercial and industrial customers rebates or credits on water bills in exchange for installing water efficient devices or improved processes that meet established criteria. Offer residential water customers rebates or credits on water bills in exchange for installing water efficient devices that meet established criteria. Target larger residential parcels and offer irrigation audits and incentives to replace inefficient water consumptive equipment. Identify large landscape irrigation customers and offer irrigation audits plus rebates or credits for replacing inefficient water consumptive equipment. These landscapes include schools, city parks such as those managed by the Department of Parks and Recreation, city streetscapes, commercial properties and homeowners associations. Water Conservation Program Details The target goal for annual water savings for the Utility Water Service area is 3.4 percent of the 2006 total water demand, a water savings equal to 1,200 acre-feet or more per year. This target goal is based on the selected water efficiency incentives and water savings rates as provided by the California Urban Water Conservation Council One Stop Rebate Program. 1 Ideally, all inefficient water consumptive equipment should be replaced throughout the Service Area. However, this goal may be financially unrealistic given the rebate or credit programs are normally capped. As the financial ability of the Utility to bear costs and to garner outside financial assistance shapes the ambitions of any water conservation program, in addition to the customers willingness to participate in the water efficiency measures, two other options are also described in this document in order to provide alternative target reduction goals: (1) Meet California Urban Water Conservation Council objectives within 5 years instead of the usual 10 years as prescribed in the Memorandum of Understanding and signed by the City of Stockton in 2006; or (2) Meet a level of implementation that incurs half the costs of meeting California Urban Water Conservation Council objectives within 5 years. Initially (fiscal year ), the Water Conservation Program will include water conservation measures that emphasize residential toilet, residential clothes washer, and commercial clothes washer rebates. The Utility already has a contractual arrangement using partial state grant funding for these rebates. Subsequent efforts (beginning in spring or summer 2008) will broaden 1 See 3 Water Conservation Program

12 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM the Program to include the additional water efficient devices and annual installation targets as identified in Table 1-1. For each conservation measure, annual water savings equal the water savings per device multiplied by the number of devices installed. The totals for all measures are then summed. Each year s conservation installations build on the water savings of the prior years measured. If new installations were stopped, the savings would continue for the lifetime of the equipment, allowing some decay due to equipment wear and tear. TABLE 1-1 VALUES OF REBATES OR CREDITS FOR WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES Efficiency Measure Recommend ed Unit Incentive Amount California Urban Water Conservation Council Objectives in 5 years Annual Number Units Installed FY Annual Cost of Rebates FY Reduce demand by 3.4% of 2006 within 5 years Annual Number Units Installed FY Annual Cost of Rebates FY Schedule at 50% of California Urban Water Conservation Council schedule cost Annual Number Units installed FY Annual Cost of Rebates FY09-FY12 Residential Clothes Washers Tier 3 or better $ $71, $75, $30,000 Residential toilet with 1.3 gpf High-Efficiency Toilets $ $100,000 2,500 $250, $60,000 Commercial clothes washers $ $18, $37,500 $0 $0 Commercial High- Efficiency Toilets $ $60, $70, $60,000 Commercial urinal 0.5 gal per flush $ $60, $70, $20,000 Commercial water broom $ $5, $15, $2,500 Commercial pre-rinse spray valve $ $5, $7, $2,500 Cooling Towers & Ind Process Irrigation incentives To Be Determined $100,000 To Be Determined 50 $100, Totals 2635 $519, $100,00 0 $200, $50,000 $ 825, $225,000 The City Fiscal Year runs from July 1 through June 30, whereas the tracks water usage from April 1 through March 31, known as a water year. 1 Stockton currently contracts with the California Urban Water Conservation Council s One Stop Rebate Program for residential toilets and clothes washers as well as commercial clothes washers. These rebates are prepaid to the California Urban Water Conservation Council and therefore have no additional rebate costs. Projected water savings for the three target reduction goals over the next five years are displayed in Figure 1-1 below. Water Conservation Program 4

13 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM FIGURE 1-1 Annual Water Savings in Acre-Feet Estimated 2012 Annual Water Savings of Conservation Measures at Three Levels of Implementation California Urban Water Conservation Council Objectives 3.4% of 2006 demand 1/2 California Urban Water Conservation Council cost Irrigation incentives Cooling Towers & Ind Process Commercial pre-rinse spray valve Commercial Water Broom Commercial Urinal 0.5 gpf Commercial High-Efficiency Toilets Commercial Clothes Washers Residential High-Efficiency Toilets Residential Clothes Washers Summary of Water Conservation Program Benefits for Customers Residential, commercial, and industrial water customers will directly and indirectly benefit by participating in the Water Conservation Program by way of the following: Acquiring superior equipment with added financial incentives (rebates or credits on customer bills); Reducing water consumption, thereby saving money; Reducing discharge to wastewater, thereby saving money; Reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions; Reducing demand on additional water and wastewater infrastructure; and Providing ancillary benefits to ecosystem health and groundwater recharge. Studies by the California Department of Water Resources and other agencies report that large commercial customers can reduce wastewater bills, reduce energy usage with associated reductions in energy bills, and reduce nitrous oxide emissions through more efficient use of hot water. Summary of Water Conservation Program Benefits for the Utility The Utility will benefit by participating in the Water Conservation Program by way of the following: Promoting a reliable water supply to meet current and future water demand for residents; 5 Water Conservation Program

14 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Promoting a reliable water supply to meet economic growth on a continuing basis; Reducing energy needs for: summer groundwater pumping pressurizing the distribution system collecting wastewater and treating wastewater; Reducing demand for additional water and wastewater infrastructure; and, Expanding the local water supply portfolio by adding demand management to existing and future water supplies. In addition, the Utility will benefit by participating in the water conservation incentives described in this Plan by way of the following: Customer purchases efficient equipment directly; Eliminates the need for purchasing and warehousing equipment; Encourages local vendors to provide and promote water efficient equipment; and, Minimizes the need for additional staff. Summary of Water Conservation Program Costs Water Conservation Program costs are directly related to the ambition of the demand reduction efforts. The following budget is for a typical water conservation program that complies with objectives of the California Urban Water Conservation Council best management practices for urban water conservation. In each case, the budget reflects the intention of exhausting the current rebates available through the California Urban Water Conservation Council. TABLE 1-2 RECOMMENDED BUDGET FOR THE WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Budget Item Notes Jan-June 2008 Annual Cost to meet California Urban Water Conservation Council Objectives in 5 years Reduce demand by 3.4% of 2006 water demand within 5 years Annual Cost at 50% of California Urban Water Conservation Council Objectives in 5 years Fifth year water savings in acrefeet per year , Utility Staff - to be determined by Stockton Municipal Utilities Department 1,2 $ - $ - $ - $ - Staff training and coordination with other utilities 3 $1,500 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 Water Conservation Program 6

15 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Conservation equipment and references 4 $10,000 $1,000 $500 $500 Fees to water organizations 5 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 Irrigation & Industrial consultants 7 $65,000 $115,000 $115,000 $70,000 Rebates or credits paid to customers 8 $76,250 $519,750 $825,000 $225,000 Rebate or credit administration by Contractor 9 $32,500 $79,050 $40,500 $16,500 Marketing 10 $50,000 $100,000 $100,000 $75,000 Workshops targeting: homeowners, landscape professionals, businesses 11 $20,000 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000 Rounded Totals $260,000 $853,000 $1,119,000 $425,000 NOTES 1. Staff: Starting in Fiscal Year , assumed to be 2 full-time employees at the Public Outreach Coordinator level and two part-time employees; escalated annually for 3% cost of living allowance; cost to be determined by Stockton Municipal Utilities Department. 2. Staff duties include residential irrigation audits, inspecting rebate installations, organizing workshops, responding to customer calls, promoting programs with retailers, managing consultants, coordinating with partners, exhibiting at community events, reports to state and California Urban Water Conservation Council, etc. 3. Attend workshops and classes in various locations, meet with other conservation coordinators to use mutually beneficial programs. 4. equipment purchase includes meter data logger and associated software to determine customer water use patterns, flow monitoring devices, reference materials. 5. Fees paid to California Urban Water Conservation Council. 7. Fees paid for consultant services ($20,000) to guide program start-up; expertise in landscape irrigation ($40,000), and commercial and industrial processes ($55,000). 8. Value of all rebates and credits paid to customers for installing efficiency devices. See Table "Values of Rebates or Credits for Water Efficiency Measures" for detail. 9. Fees paid to contractors to administer applications, payments, site inspections, compile reports. Based on $30 per rebate. $25,000 start-up fee in Marketing may include design and printing materials, direct mailings, messages to customers, materials to appliance vendors, telephone call center, Internet pages. 11. Cost for venues, publicity, logistics to present workshops: one targeting business engineers and facility managers and the others training irrigation managers in efficient irrigation technologies. Table 1-3 presents a summary of the implementation schedule for the first five years of the Water Conservation Program. 7 Water Conservation Program

16 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM TABLE 1-3 FIVE-YEAR PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE Proposed Schedule for Water Conservation Program Water Conservation Program Actions FY FY FY FY FY Program Approval by City Council Water Awareness Month Promotions Present Water Supply Report and Phasing Recommendations to City Council Residential high-efficiency toilet rebates* Residential clothes washer rebates* Residential clothes washer rebate/credit Residential high-efficiency toilets rebate/credit Commercial & Industrial Workshop Commercial high-efficiency toilets rebate/credit Commercial clothes washer rebates* Commercial clothes washer rebate/credit Commercial urinals rebate/credit Commercial water brooms rebate/credit Commercial spray valves rebate/credit Cooling towers conductivity controllers rebate/credit Commercial/ industrial process improvement rebate/credit Irrigation Workshops for Industries and Homeowners Irrigation Schedules & Budgets for Large Sites Landscape Irrigation Rebates *Part of the California Urban Water Conservation Council Rebate Program Water Conservation Program 8

17 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 HOW WATER CONSERVATION WILL SATISFY STOCKTON S FUTURE WATER SUPPLY Water services to the incorporated areas of Stockton are primarily provided by two entities: the City of Stockton and the California Water Service Company. San Joaquin County also provides water service to some smaller areas of the Stockton Metropolitan Area. 2 Until 1977, groundwater was the sole source of retail water supply for the Stockton area and also served as the primary irrigation supply for much of the agricultural area surrounding the City. As a result, groundwater declines were measured on the order of 1 to 2 feet per year. 3 More recently, surface supplies were added to meet the City s needs and to conserve groundwater resources. As of 2005, the purchased approximately 19,600 acre-feet per year of Calaveras River and Stanislaus River water from the Stockton East Water District. The City of Stockton Municipal Utilities Department provided a total of 32,506 acre-feet of water to all customers within the Service Area in Based on these numbers, the percentage of groundwater used by the City of Stockton Municipal Utilities Department is estimated to be approximately 40 percent, and surface water makes up approximately 60 percent of total water usage. Percentages vary, however, depending on summer peak demand. According to the Delta Water Supply Project Feasibility Report, the proposed Delta Water Supply Project will supplement the surface water that the purchases from the Stockton East Water District and is intended to assist in avoiding over-drafting valuable groundwater supplies. Both the Eastern San Joaquin Groundwater Management Plan and the Delta Water Supply Project Feasibility Report regard water conservation as a required water supply component needed to satisfy the City of Stockton s water demands. The California Department of Water Resources regards water conservation improvements as a basic component of future water supply planning. Stockton s population and economy are growing. The population growth rate for the City of Stockton has increased 2.9 percent since 2000, and new housing has increased within the City by approximately 15 percent since the year With population and economic growth comes an expanding customer water demand. According to Table 3-1, Projected Growth Rates of Stockton Water Demand, residential water users are projected to increase between 2 and 3 percent per year for the next 7 years, while commercial, industrial, institutional, and landscape water users are projected to increase between 6 and 7 percent per year for the next 2 Source: website 3 Source: 2005 City of Stockton Urban Water Management Plan 4 Ibid 5 Source: U.S. Census Bureau and California Department of Finance, Demographic Research Unit 9 Water Conservation Program

18 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM 7 years. However, instead of drawing increasingly on new surface water supplies and groundwater pumping, additional water demand can be met in several ways, primarily from: Conjunctive use programs that coordinate surface water and groundwater recharge; Replacing potable water use (such as landscape irrigation) with safe and reliable nonpotable water supplies; Developing interconnections and transfer agreements with other water agencies in order to share existing supplies; Reducing unnecessary demand by replacing inefficient water consumptive equipment and processes with water efficient equipment, plumbing fixtures, appliances, and processes; and Reducing unnecessary demand by substituting water wise landscape materials and management practices where high water use landscape irrigation practices currently exist. Other utilities in California have saved enough water so as to offset the increasing demand for potable water based on an increase in population. The East Bay Municipal Utilities District has saved over 23,500 acre feet of water per year (21 million gallons per day) 6 since 1995 due to water conservation incentives alone. The Santa Clara Valley Water District s water conservation and water recycling programs together account for approximately 53,300 acre-feet of water savings per year BENEFITS OF DEMAND MANAGEMENT AS PART OF A WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM The Water Conservation Program intends to implement methods that reduce unnecessary demand on water resources in order to achieve the following benefits: Promote a reliable water supply to meet current and future water demand for residents and for sustaining economic growth on a continuing basis; Reduce energy needs for: summer groundwater pumping pressurizing the distribution system, and collecting wastewater and treating wastewater; Provide demand management measures with customer incentives costing less than the cost of obtaining alternative water supplies 8. 6 East Bay Municipal Utility District, Conserving Water Recycling 2007 Annual Report. 7 Source: Santa Clara Valley Water District Water Use Efficiency Program Annual Report Fiscal Year $350 per acre foot per Stockton Delta Water Supply Project Final program Environmental Impact Report. Water Conservation Program 10

19 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Expand the local water supply portfolio by adding demand management to existing and future water supplies. These include surface water supplies, conjunctive groundwater management, and a potential regional treatment and delivery system that supplies treated recycled municipal water in place of potable water for landscape irrigation; and, Provide an incentive-based Water Conservation Program as described in the management objectives within the Eastern San Joaquin Groundwater Management Plan (September 22, 2004). 1.3 DISTINCTION BETWEEN WATER SHORTAGE CONSERVATION ACTIONS AND LONG-TERM WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM ACTIONS There are several important distinctions between water shortage actions and long-term water conservation program actions: Long-term Water Conservation Programs emphasize the replacement of inefficient water consumptive equipment and processes with water efficient equipment and processes. Marketing efforts encourage customers to change to new equipment and processes. There are direct benefits to the customers, such as superior equipment, reduced water consumption (thus lower water bills), reduced discharge to wastewater (with potentially reduced wastewater bills for industrial customers and some commercial customers), and reduced energy use with associated reductions in energy bills as well as reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Water shortages occur when water supplies are reduced below normal by reduction in surface water supplies, water contamination, main breaks or pump stoppages, treatment plant malfunction, major fires, energy outages, or major infrastructure maintenance. Water shortages may require actions by the utility, the community, and individual customers. The objective for water customers is to temporarily reduce water demand for the good of the general public. Marketing efforts plead for customers to abstain and/or do without their normal water use. This can be perceived as an inconvenience with few benefits for the customers, although there may be benefits for the utility. This Water Conservation Program has been developed with careful reference to local and statewide conditions and water conservation experiences. Specifically, the Plan does the following: Provides an overview of water supplied to the City Utility Service Area; Reviews water usage for the various types of Utility customers; Describes several potential water conservation measures; Recommends water conservation measures as well as a marketing plan for implementation; and, Proposes a program management structure including a multi-year (early 2008-June 2009) budget and implementation schedule. 11 Water Conservation Program

20 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM 2. RECENT WATER SUPPLY TO THE UTILITY SERVICE AREA The Stockton Metropolitan area is supplied with water from both surface water reservoirs and groundwater. The Stockton East Water District wholesales water to the Utility, as well as other water utilities serving the City of Stockton. The Stockton East Water District, in turn, receives surface water from the Stanislaus River and Calaveras River under various contracts. Total water supplies from the past five years serving the Utility Service Area are illustrated in Figure 2-1. During this period, the water supply fluctuated, but overall increased by approximately 3.4 percent per calendar year over the 5-year period. FIGURE ,000 Water Supplies to City of Stockton Municipal Utilities Department Service Area Wells Stockton East Water District Million Gallons per Year 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 April 02- March 03 April 03- March 04 April 04- March 05 April 05- March 06 April 06- March 07 Source: Water Supply Reports The Utility provided a total of 34,980 acre-feet or 11,398 million gallons of water to all customers within the Service Area from April 2006 through March 2007, 9 as detailed in Figure Source: Residential End Uses of Water, Denver, Colorado, American Water Works Association Research Foundation, 1999 Water Conservation Program 12

21 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM FIGURE 2-2 Million Gallons per Month Water Volumes by Source April March ,600 Stockton East Water 1,400 District WELLS 1,200 1, April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb March Source: Water Supply Reports Water acquired from the Stockton East Water District ranges from approximately 450 to 700 million gallons per month. Pumping from City Utility wells varies from zero to more than 800 million gallons per month. Wells are used primarily to supply summer peak demand. Reductions in peak demand will reduce energy consumed for groundwater pumping and reduce overdrafting of the groundwater supply. 3. UTILITY SERVICE AREA CUSTOMER WATER USE In order to assess potential demand management approaches, it is helpful to understand customer specific water usage. Developing a water use profile for each customer type within the Service Area, including single-family residential, multi-family residential, dedicated irrigation, commercial, government, and institutional water users, is important for the purposes of assessing potential demand management approaches and determining the effectiveness of Water Conservation Program components. The information contained herein describes a summary of some of the fundamental characteristics of water demand within the Stockton Service Area. Recent Utility customer water usage is illustrated in Figure Water Conservation Program

22 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM FIGURE Utility Customer Water Use 32,506 Metered Landscape Irrigation 9% Other 1% Commerce & Institution 16% MF Residence 13% SF Residence 61%. Source: Stockton 2005 Urban Water Management Plan As described in the 2005 City of Stockton Urban Water Management Plan, residential water use accounts for over 60 percent of total water use within the Service Area. Analysis of Utility Service Area water use data ( ) shows approximately 73 percent of Utility residential accounts were connected to lots of 0.15 to 0.3 acres in size. These single-family residential customers used, on average, approximately one-half acre-foot per year or 456 gallons per day per dwelling unit, split almost evenly between indoor (51 percent) and outdoor (49 percent) applications. Consistent with evidence elsewhere, larger residential sites and higher income customers use more water. Utility accounts located on half-acre sites used an average of 830 gallons per day per dwelling unit, split one-third for interior and two-thirds for exterior applications. Customer sectors with the higher water demand growth rates deserve some attention. The 2005 Urban Water Management Plan identifies higher water demand users to be non-residential (commercial, industrial, and institutional) customers and irrigation customers. Providing incentives for these customers to utilize water efficient equipment, processes, and practices as new properties are developed will prove to be beneficial to customers and to the City. TABLE 3-1 PROJECTED GROWTH RATES OF STOCKTON WATER DEMAND Customer Category 2005 Demand* Projected 2015 Demand* Percent Average Annual Increase Single-family residence 19,844 24, % Multi-family residence 4,079 5, % Commercial, industrial, institutional 5,327 9, % Landscape 3,025 4, % *acre-feet per year Source: City of Stockton 2005 Urban Water Management Plan Water Conservation Program 14

23 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM City Utility data indicates that the commercial and landscape irrigation accounts are the fastest growing customer categories in terms of water use. Since irrigation is the primary driver of peak demand and draws valuable groundwater, much attention should be directed toward improving irrigation practices within the Service Area. 3.1 RESIDENTIAL INTERIOR WATER USAGE In the year 2000, there were approximately 41,000 residential units, of which 29,000 were considered single-family dwellings. According to census data from 2000, the average occupancy for single-family dwellings in Stockton ranges from 2.2 to 6 people per household, with an average of 3.88 persons per household. According to Table 3.3 in Appendix A (Water Conservation Program Overview of Data Collection and Analyses), estimated indoor water usage within the Service Area ranges between 107 and 368 gallons per day per single-family household, depending on the size of the residence and lot size. Based on the average occupancy rate of 3.88 persons per household, each person living in a single-family residence is estimated to use between 28 and 95 gallons per day on interior water uses. According to the American Water Works Association Research Foundation, the national average for interior water usage for persons living in single-family residences is 69 gallons per capita per day. 10 Within the Service Area, 1990 census data counts approximately 23,000 single-family and 10,000 multi-family residential units. Since these units were built before the plumbing code water efficiency changes became effective in 1992, there exist approximately 56,000 bathrooms with high water using toilets, showers, and faucets. Perhaps half of these plumbing fixtures may have been replaced in the past 15 years. The fixtures remaining continue to be water inefficient. The American Water Works Association Research Foundation quantifies the types of residential indoor water use as shown in Figure Source: Residential End Uses of Water, Denver, Colorado, American Water Works Association Research Foundation, Water Conservation Program

24 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM FIGURE Non-saving Daily per Capita Use 69.3 Gallons Other, 2.8 Leaks, 9.5 Faucet, 10.9 Shower, 11.6 Dish washer, 1% Toilet, 18.5 Clothes washer, 15 Source: The American Water Works Association Research Foundation Although single-family residential interior water usage in Stockton varies from 41 gallons below the national average to 26 gallons above the national average for non-conserving homes, there is a great deal of room for improvement. Higher occupancy dwelling units benefit the most from installation of water efficient showerheads, toilets, and clothes washers. However, according to Appendix A ( Water Efficiency Program Overview of Data Collection and Analyses), analysis of water use for condominiums, duplexes, triplexes, and multi-family residential land uses within the Service Area is limited due to the difficulty in determining the number of residential dwelling units per meter. For example, water use records for duplexes and triplexes do not consistently use separate water meters. Analyses of water use on a per-dwelling unit basis for condominiums and multi-family apartments was further limited because a separate water meter commonly provides water readings for common areas and landscape irrigation. 3.2 RESIDENTIAL ETERIOR WATER USAGE According to Table 3.3 in Appendix A (Water Conservation Program Overview of Data Collection and Analyses), estimated outdoor water usage within the Service Area ranges between 39 and 894 gallons per day per single-family household, depending on the size of the residence and lot size. Based on the average occupancy rate of 3.88 persons per household, Water Conservation Program 16

25 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM each person living in a single-family residence within the Service Area is estimated to use between 10 and 230 gallons per day on outdoor water uses. 11 The numbers increase with the size of the residence and lot size. Single-family residential customers located on 0.5 to 1.0 acre lots use an average of 894 gallons per day per dwelling unit on exterior uses, almost 23 times the amount of water used by single-family residences located on lots under 0.5 acres in size. Uncovered swimming pools lose water to evaporation at about the same rate that turf loses water to evapotranspiration. For a modest size (20 30 feet) pool with a surface area of 600 square feet, 16,000 gallons of water is lost to evaporation between April and October, and is subsequently replaced by the water customer. All pools lose water to splash and drip from bathers. Larger pools of the hospitality industry, recreation sites, and apartment/condominium complexes lose additional water to filter backwash. Pool covers are attractive reducers of evaporation when pool owners actually use them. 3.3 LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION WATER USAGE Landscape irrigation is applied by residential customers, homeowners associations, parks and playgrounds, athletic fields, and commercial properties. Together, they comprise the largest water users in Stockton. As noted previously, there is a clear correlation between increasing water use and larger parcel size. The portion of water applied outdoors by single-family residences ranges from approximately 55 percent for average size lots to more than 70 percent for lots greater than one-half acre. According to City Utilities data for 2006, of the approximately 2,000 parcels 0.3 acres or greater in size, 53 of these accounts used more than 125 percent times the amount of water than was used by evapotranspiration from June through October, According to calculations of recent data, 12 reducing this water usage alone could reduce water demand by approximately 6.3 acre-feet, equivalent to over 19 million gallons of water annually. Even more significant water savings can be achieved with more customers utilizing water wise landscape techniques. Unfortunately, property owners and landscape contractors are often neglectful irrigation managers, wasting as much as 50 percent of the applied water to surface runoff, deep percolation beyond plant root zones, or evaporation loss due to mismatched nozzle size and pressure. Most of this waste occurs during the summer peak demand period. For the Utility, 11 Calculated by dividing 39/3.88 = and 894/3.88 = Based on 42,000 customer records and 2006 monthly water usage data, parcel size, meter installation date, and California Department of Water Resources evapotranspiration data for the individual months of June October. This period generally eliminates rainfall in Stockton. Duplicate records were removed so as to not impact the analysis. 0.3 acres = 13,068 square feet gross potential irrigated area. Summer customer irrigation use is assumed to be the summer months metered minus February water usage. 17 Water Conservation Program

26 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM summer irrigation demand draws valuable groundwater, requiring intense amounts of energy and serving as a potential to exacerbate groundwater salinity. Hence, large landscape owners and irrigation managers are targets for the Water Conservation Program. 3.4 COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL, AND INSTITUTIONAL EQUIPMENT AND PROCESS WATER USAGE Business customers use widely varying amounts of water. Some businesses use water for employee and customer hand washing as well as rest rooms. Other establishments, such as food service, hospitality, medical, metal plating, and food processing businesses, use copious amounts of water. Various analyses were performed on non-residential water uses throughout the Service Area. The data was analyzed in order to classify commercial uses, identify public facilities such as the City of Stockton and school district-owned properties that use water, and identify high water using customers and industries. The Utility serves more than 1,300 businesses through more than 970 non-residential water accounts. Each customer Location ID (water account) may provide water to several different businesses in the same building, mall, or campus. Available data indicates that commercial, industrial, and institutional water users consume at least 5,500 acre-feet, or 1,792,180,500 gallons, of water per year. According to 2006 water usage data, City-owned parks identified within the Water Service Area used an average of 1,026,431 gallons of water to irrigate each acre in one year. 4. POTENTIAL WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES Reductions in water consumption may be achieved through a variety of approaches: Educate customers that water is a valuable and exhaustible resource that should not be wasted; Motivate customers to reduce water usage by identifying the barriers to sustainable behavior, and then creating targeted programs that will remove these barriers in order to promote lasting behavior change; Review current rate structure and consider replacing declining block rates with a structure that utilizes conservation pricing; Provide positive incentives that compel customers to replace inefficient water consumptive equipment and processes with water efficient equipment and processes; Provide professional services to visit customers, review customer water uses, and recommend conservation measures; Enforce regulations prohibiting wasteful forms of water using behavior, equipment, or processes; and, Physically restrict the water supply at the point of service, such as flow restrictors on water services or reducing the time when service is provided. Water Conservation Program 18

27 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM The choices to be made by demand management programs include: The volume of demand reduction to be achieved; Which approaches to apply; How quickly the demand goals should be realized; What resources (i.e., funding, staff, contract services) to obtain and apply; Which types of customers and which high water users should be targeted; What organizations should be contacted that might partner in the effort; and The marketing efforts for selling and implementing the chosen actions. Conservation strategies such as water use audits and efficiency incentives are helpful in reducing water usage; yet further strategies can be put into place in order to increase water conservation throughout the Service Area. As noted in The Handbook of Water Use and Conservation, an important component of conservation planning includes an analysis of all measures and incentives that could be applied to reduce water demand. Evaluating each option for cost-effectiveness, public acceptance, and impact on water and wastewater capital facility plans, rates and revenues, and the environment is crucial to developing the best mix of program incentives and measures for a particular system. Other key components of a well planned conservation program include a unifying implementation strategy and ongoing monitoring and evaluation activities that allow the program to be adjusted as needed to realize conservation goals POTENTIAL RESIDENTIAL WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES Although single-family residential interior water usage in Stockton varies from 41 gallons below the national average to 26 gallons above the national average per person for non-conserving homes, there is a great deal of room for improvement. 13 Source: Handbook of Water Use and Conservation by Amy Vickers, Water Conservation Program

28 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM TABLE POTENTIAL RESIDENTIAL SAVINGS PER CAPITA DAILY WATER USE Residential Water Use Inefficient Water Use (gallons per capita per day) Efficient Water Use (gallons per capita per day) Percent of Efficient Household Use Savings between Nonefficient and Efficient Fixtures (gallons per capita per day) Toilet Clothes Washers Shower Faucet Leaks Other Dishwashers Total gallons per capita per day Source: Residential End Uses of Water, American Water Works Association Research Foundation, 1999 Using basic water conservation measures, single-family residences in the City of Stockton can save between 38 and 129 gallons of water per day per household on interior water usage. 14 If every single-family residence within the Stockton Service Area installed efficient water fixtures and regularly checked for and repaired leaks, the City could save between 1,086,050 and 3,735,200 gallons of water per day on interior water efficiency incentives alone. Higher occupancy dwelling units benefit the most from installation of water efficient showerheads, toilets, and clothes washers. The City could save much more if all water users installed efficient water fixtures and regularly checked for and repaired leaks. 4.2 POTENTIAL LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION CONSERVATION MEASURES The goal of efficient landscape irrigation is to apply the right amount of water, to the right place, at the right time. The right amount of water is equivalent to the amount of water that is used during evapotranspiration or the amount of water actually used by plants and associated soils. Turf evapotranspiration requirements can be used as a reference value. Significant rainfall can replace the amount of water used during irrigation. For example, March and April 2006 evapotranspiration rates are equal to the amount of natural rainfall, as illustrated in Figure Water efficient plants with soils covered by mulch reduce irrigation needs by more than 50 percent. Evapotranspiration amounts for the Stockton area are shown in Figure Calculated by multiplying 29,000 single-family residences 107 gallons per household = 3,103,000 gallons per day.35 = 1,086,050 gallons per day total water savings and 29,000 single-family residences 368 gallons per household = 10,672,000 gallons per day.35 = 3,735,200 gallons per day total water savings. Numbers are based on 2000 census data. Water Conservation Program 20

29 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM FIGURE Per Acre Monthly Water Requirements for Evapotranspiration Multi Year Ave Monthly ETo for Turf Reference 2006 ETo with Monthly Precip >0.2 inches Ave Monthly ETo for Efficient Plants and Mulch Monthly Irrigation Requirement CCF (748 gallons) per Acre Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Numerous studies in Central Valley communities have shown that much more water is applied to landscapes than is actually needed for plants. A sample of Stockton irrigation accounts reinforces the evidence in these studies. During 2006, 10 sites within the Service Area with available irrigation data averaged usage 250 percent greater than the amount of evapotranspiration for the year. Summer months ranged from 150 to 500 percent of the evapotranspiration requirement. Typical causes of irrigation water waste include: Poor maintenance of irrigation systems; Poor selection of plants for the climate; Lack of mulch to cover bare soil and reduce evaporation; Lack of hydrozones (grouping plants together by water use); Improper timing of irrigation operation with respect to plant type, soils, and slope; Improper design of irrigation systems with respect to plant groupings, soils, and adjacent hardscapes; and, Applying too much water for the season (irrigating when it rains). 21 Water Conservation Program

30 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Landscape irrigation expertise should be employed to advise customers of appropriate landscape designs, plant materials, irrigation systems, and applicable financial incentives. For large parcels, providing water budgets and Smart ET irrigation controllers are effective water efficiency techniques. For the professional landscape contractors, irrigation workshops (and partnering with the San Joaquin County Office Cooperative Extension on workshops) is recommended. Utilizing knowledgeable irrigation consultants and providing customers irrigation services is also recommended. Trained Utility staff can also provide on-site visits to smaller residential customers. Reduction in exterior water usage has several benefits to the City as well as to the customer: Reduced groundwater pumping leaves a better reserve in the water supply for drought and prevents salt water intrusion Reduced Utility energy costs for groundwater pumping Reduced water bills for customers Reduced dry weather runoff to stormwater drains with accompanying pollutants of eroded soils, fertilizers, and pesticides Reduced pavement deterioration from irrigation runoff Low water-using plant materials of bunchgrass and flowers with mulch border a parking area The City provides an unknown amount of water as irrigation for school grounds and public parks. Efficient application of water to turf for these areas would likely provide the City a significant water savings. Participation of the key departments that govern these areas is critical for the City to reach its water conservation goals. Water Conservation Program 22

31 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM 4.3 POTENTIAL COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL, AND INSTITUTIONAL WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES Various studies have considered water use by commercial, industrial, and institutional customers. The varied business types utilize many different water saving technologies. As illustrated in Table below, common water efficiency technologies vary according to the types of businesses where they are implemented. Not all of these business types or technologies necessarily serve as targets in the recommended Water Conservation Program for the City of Stockton. TABLE COMMON WATER USING TECHNOLOGIES EMPLOYED BY BUSINESSES Common Water Technologies Employed Types of Business Rest Rooms & Plumbing Landscape Pools, Spas, & Fountains Water Treatment Alternate Water Sources Thermodynamic Processes Food Service Wash-down & Sanitation Laundry Sub-metering Process Water Photo & Film Processing Medical & Laboratory Vehicle Wash 1 Offices 2 Schools 3 Restaurants & Fast Food* 4 Retail 5 Hotel/Motel 6 Grocery 7 Hospitals 8 Laboratories 9 Coin Laundries 10 Industrial Laundries 11 Dry Cleaning 12 Vehicle Washes 13 Beverage Manufacturers 14 Bakery/Pastry Shops 15 Industrial Bakery 16 Auto Repair 17 Service Stations 18 Printing 19 Metal Finishing 20 Paper Manufacturing Sources: Adapted from East Bay Municipal Utilities District, draft WaterSmart Business Guidebook, 2007, and New Strategies to Achieve Efficient Water Use by New Businesses, C. Pike, Water Conservation Program

32 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM The California Urban Water Conservation Council Memorandum of Understanding provides two approaches to satisfy best management practice (see Table 4.5-1) number 9 for commercial, industrial and institutional water savings objectives: 1. Offer site surveys: Rank individual commercial, industrial, and institutional customers by volume of annual water use; Identify the top 10 to 15 percent highest water users of the commercial, industrial, and institutional customers; and, Offer on-site surveys to commercial, industrial, and institutional customers that employ water uses that may have an obvious potential for technological improvements. 2. Implement programs to achieve annual water use savings equal to at least 10 percent of the baseline use of commercial, industrial, and institutional accounts over a 10-year period. The base year for the Utility is 2006 as this is the year that the City of Stockton signed the California Urban Water Conservation Council Memorandum of Understanding. Available data indicates that commercial, industrial, and institutional water use appears to be at least 5,500 acre-feet per year. In order to achieve a minimum annual water savings of 10 percent, the Utility s desired reduction would equal 550 acre-feet per year within 10 years for all commercial, industrial, and institutional accounts within the Service Area. For commercial, industrial, and institutional customers, water use savings may be achieved through a combination of process and equipment savings, toilet replacements, and landscape irrigation savings. 4.4 POTENTIAL APPROACHES TO DELIVER WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES Once the desired water conservation measures and target customers are determined, the program managers need to determine how the products and services will be installed on the customer premises. Water utilities have employed the following approaches: Direct Installation With permission of the customer, water utility staff or contractors install the efficiency equipment into the customer s home or place of business. This approach assures that the device is properly installed for a utility customer. Exchanges The Utility, or their agent, establishes a place and time when customers can exchange inefficient water devices, such as showerheads and toilets, for water efficient devices that the customer then installs. This approach is effective in lower income communities where customers perceive that they cannot afford the new toilet exceeding the rebate amount. The City of Stockton may consider this approach as Plan B. On-Site Audits Following the example of energy audits, trained representatives from the Utility visit the customer site, inspect the inefficient water consumptive equipment, make Water Conservation Program 24

33 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM recommendations for water use improvements, and recommend incentive programs to the customer. Rebates and Credits These include financial incentives in which the customer receives money for installing the device. Rebates provide a check to the customer. Credits are shown on the customer s utility billing statement, and the utility balance due is reduced accordingly. Tiered Rates Change existing billing structure to increasing tiered rates in order to provide customers with financial encouragement to implement water conservation measures. Combination Use a variety of approaches in order to encourage water conservation. 4.5 POTENTIAL WATER CONSERVATION LEVELS IN THE UTILITY SERVICE AREA Several factors are used to determine the appropriate action level for conservation programs: The California Urban Water Conservation Council Best Management Practices considers that the fiscal cost in implementing a water conservation strategy should be less than the marginal cost in providing new water supply in order to satisfy the same demand. The mix of measures depends on local conditions. The financial ability of the Utility to bear costs and its ability to garner outside financial assistance shapes the ambitions of any water conservation program, in addition to the customers willingness to pay for water conservation measures. Water scarcity and water use regulations markedly alter cost effectiveness tests. At a critical point, the viability of water conservation programs becomes extremely important. What is the desired reduction in water demand? The time of year most desirable for reduced water use, which is typically in summer. Ideally, all inefficient water consumptive equipment/fixtures/appliances should be replaced throughout the Service Area. However, this may be financially unrealistic. The number of interventions that satisfy regulatory goals or the objectives of other agreements. Stockton s participation in the California Urban Water Conservation Council Memorandum of Understanding generates numeric goals. The status of target interventions by the Utility is listed in Table below. 25 Water Conservation Program

34 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM TABLE BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR URBAN WATER CONSERVATION DEVELOPED BY THE CALIFORNIA URBAN WATER CONSERVATION COUNCIL AND CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES DEMAND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES BMP # Best Management Practice for Water Conservation Target Number of Interventions Utility Implementation Status 1 Provide on-site water surveys (water use reviews) for single-family residential and multifamily residential customers 15% of year 2006 singlefamily residential and multi-family residential water usage rates within 10 years Respond upon customer request 2 Residential Plumbing Retrofit: install high-quality, low-flow showerheads, toilet displacement devices (as needed), toilet flappers (as needed), and faucet aerators 75% of pre-1992 singlefamily residential and multi-family residential water usage rates or ordinance requiring retrofit of devices Provide replacement kits upon request 3 System Water Audits, Leak Detection and Repair Water losses less than 9% of supply Recommend American Water Works Association M36 Guidelines 4 Metering With Commodity Rates for All New Connections and Retrofit Existing Connections All customers City Utility meters all customers; recommend meeting American Water Works Association M6 Guidelines for meter testing and replacement 5 Large Landscape (non-residential) Conservation Programs and Incentives: Provide evapotranspiration-based irrigation budgets to dedicated landscape metered accounts and conduct irrigation surveys of mixed-use accounts Budget 90% of dedicated irrigation accounts by 2012; and irrigation surveys on 15% of commercial, industrial, and institutional accounts within 10 years Recommend for implementation 6 High-Efficiency Clothes Washing Machine Financial Incentive Programs Replace machines in 3.8% of total dwelling units. Approximately 710 per year for the City Utility Recommend for implementation 7 Public Information Programs Annually 8 School Education Programs Annually Satisfied by cooperative program with Stockton Area Water Suppliers 9 Conservation Programs for Commercial, Industrial, and Institutional Accounts Within 10 years reduce commercial, industrial, and institutional demand by 10% of 2006 demand Recommend for implementation 10 Wholesale Agency Assistance Programs Provided by wholesaler Not applicable 11 Conservation Pricing All customers Recommend change customer rate structure to conserving rates, such as: uniform, seasonal or increasing volumetric tiered rates Water Conservation Program 26

35 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM BMP # Best Management Practice for Water Conservation 12 Conservation Coordinator 13 Water Waste Prohibition Ordinances 14 Residential Toilet Replacement Programs or Ordinance Requiring Replacement on Resale of Property Target Number of Interventions Designate a water conservation coordinator Replacement rate equal to an ordinance requiring retrofit on resale results for ten years. Approximately 1,000 per year for the Utility. Utility Implementation Status Courtney Malcolm Adopted as Municipal Code Sec et seq. Recommend for implementation Note regarding water meters and best management practice number 4: Review of utility meter installation dates identified 10,700 meters more than 15 years of age. According to American Water Waters Association manual Water Meters Selection, Installation, Testing and Maintenance M-6, meters often lose accuracy (and revenue) by the time they are years old. The Utility should consider a meter accuracy testing program and, depending on the test results, budget for replacement meters to recover revenue. 5. RECOMMENDED WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES In conformance with this project s scope of work and consultations with Utility management, the following recommended water conservation measures focus on measures that replace existing inefficient water consumptive equipment and processes with water efficient equipment, plumbing fixtures, appliances, and irrigation system elements. Underlying the recommendations are conservation measures that have been well tested and found to be effective by other major California water suppliers. 5.1 RECOMMENDED APPROACH The Water Conservation Program focuses on the replacement of inefficient water consumptive equipment and the installation of water efficient equipment, plumbing fixtures, and devices. The benefits of this approach include: Hardware that has multi-year endurance; Hardware performance persists even when ownership or rental occupancy changes; and, Hardware operates independently of customer attitudes. The objectives of the proposed Water Conservation Program strategies include the following: Demonstrate that water conservation programs can successfully work in Stockton. Reduce the rate of water demand growth for the fastest growing water demand sectors without impeding the growth of the residential or business sectors utilizing the water. Provide commercial and industrial customers opportunities to achieve water conservation improvements. Initially utilize lower cost measures and in subsequent years offer more expensive incentives in order to attract reluctant customers. 27 Water Conservation Program

36 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Present a marketing campaign that will provide increasing awareness of water conservation and the Water Conservation Program. Customer acceptance and participation should grow with time. Implement water conservation measures to reduce average water demand by 1,200 acre-feet per year (3.4 percent of 2006 production and the average annual increase in production from 2002 through 2006) within five years. Meet best management practice standards set by the California Urban Water Conservation Council and recognized by the California Department of Water Resources and the State Water Resources Control Board. For each best management practice, the California Urban Water Conservation Council sets performance objectives that consider the number of accounts served by the Utility. Utilize financial incentives in the form of rebates or credits to customers that purchase and install water efficient appliances and fixtures. The advantages of incentive programs include: The Utility and its agents do not have to purchase and store the appliances and fixtures. The rebate programs can be designated for specific periods of time, while funding lasts. As technology changes and more attractive devices become available, the program can be modified to include the superior devices and exclude the less effective devices. Device effectiveness may be determined by independent testing laboratories and other utilities. Rebates require minimum Utility field staff. Rebate programs and marketing may be subcontracted to organizations specializing in such activities. Participating customers may receive incentives as rebate checks or credits to their Utility account. Provide customers with easy access to their water usage information in order to compare current consumption with consumption of the prior 12 months. The City Utility s existing on-line bill viewing system is an important step toward this objective. Publicly recognize and commend business and residential customers who make significant water conservation improvements. 5.2 RECOMMENDED WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES FOR RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS For any given water conservation measure, some customers have a greater potential for reducing water consumption than others. These customers are often in homes built before the plumbing code changes took effect in California in Other customers with high water Water Conservation Program 28

37 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM conservation potential include residences with many people living in the same dwelling unit. As such, the following customer categories are targeted for interior water conservation measures: Single-family residences constructed prior to 1994; Multi-unit residences constructed prior to 1994; High-occupancy residences (more than 4 people per household); Low income residents. The number of plumbing fixtures per residence varies with the size, age, and nature of the residence. To make accurate projections on the total number of appliances or fixtures to be retrofitted, further local surveys and data gathering is required. The Utility should consider that water savings results in Stockton may differ from the numbers cited in this document as variations in water usage, and thus in water savings, are a function of demographics, structural age, hardness of water supply, economic, and climatic factors, in addition to the mix of business types within the community. Residential High-Efficiency Clothes Washers Provide financial incentives to Utility customers in order to encourage the purchase of highefficiency clothes washers defined as front loading or top loading clothes washing machines with a Water Factor equal to or less than 4.5 gallons per cubic foot of laundry as designated by the Consortium for Energy Efficiency Tier 3. These machines can save 30 gallons of water per load of laundry compared to older washers. Customers purchasing efficient clothes washers are also eligible for energy rebates from Pacific Gas & Electric. The Utility can start by expanding the marketing with Utility participation in the existing California Urban Water Conservation Council Rebate Program. The Utility benefits because state grants pay for part of the rebate cost. As the California Urban Water Conservation Council program winds down in late 2008, Stockton can initiate its own rebate program. Marketing for both the existing and future rebate programs can begin as soon as outreach materials are ready. The duration of future programs and the eligible equipment can be modified as new state and federal regulations require improved washing machine performance. California Urban Water Conservation Council targeting methods multiply the number of dwelling units by a factor of in order to determine the number of clothes washers eligible for rebate during the life of the program. Residential High-Efficiency Toilets The 1990 census reported 23,000 single-family residences and 9,900 multi-family living units within the Service Area. Assuming that the average single-family residence has two toilets and the average multi-family residence has one toilet, approximately 56,000 high flush toilets with a volume of 3.5 or more gallons per flush existed prior to the 1992 federal plumbing code changes estimates indicate that approximately 31,000 high flush volume toilets remain in the Utility Service Area. The California Urban Water Conservation Council coverage requirement provides a target reduction of 10,000 units within ten years. Based on this conservative target, an additional 20,000 high flush volume toilets would still be wasting water in the Utility Service Area if not replaced. 29 Water Conservation Program

38 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM To accelerate the rate at which high volume toilets are replaced and to promote market change, Utility customers can be provided with incentives that encourage the purchase of water efficient toilets. Currently, toilets with 1.3 gallons per flush are readily available. Current plumbing code requires ultra low-flow toilets manufactured and sold in the United States use no more than 1.6 gallons per flush. However, high-efficiency toilets use 20 percent less water than ultra low-flow toilets. The incentives should therefore encourage customers to replace older water inefficient toilets with high-efficiency toilets instead of ultra low-flow toilets. No incentives should be given for the replacement of toilets that merely meet the code. Arrangements with the California Urban Water Conservation Council can be made so that rebates occur for highefficiency toilets only. Marketing for the toilet rebate program can begin as soon as outreach materials are ready. Total number of toilets to be replaced depends on the number of pre-1992 structures that have not already been retrofitted by property owners. The size of this program can be aggressive, as the City s budget allows. The toilet rebate program can be targeted to end in 2013 since AB 715, chaptered into law on October 11, 2007, requires that all toilets sold after 2014 be highefficiency toilets. If the response to rebates shows little acceptance by water customers, the cause may be that the customers feel that they cannot afford their share of the cost. Well-received approaches elsewhere have used community interest groups to give away toilets provided by the Utility at no charge to the customer. Landscape Irrigation Incentives Landscape irrigation expertise should be employed to advise customers of appropriate landscape designs, plant materials, irrigation systems, and applicable financial incentives. For large parcels, providing water budgets and Smart ET irrigation controllers are effective water efficiency techniques. Utilizing knowledgeable irrigation consultants and providing customers irrigation services is also recommended. Trained Utility staff can also provide on-site visits to smaller residential customers. 5.3 RECOMMENDED WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES FOR COMMERCIAL, INSTITUTIONAL, AND INDUSTRIAL CUSTOMERS The Utility serves more than 1,300 businesses through more than 970 non-residential water accounts. Each customer Location ID (water account) may provide water to several different businesses in the same building, mall, or campus. Therefore, predicting which customers will participate in water conservation programs can be problematic. Within individual businesses, competition for funding operations improvements often depends on the internal rate of return. Low water cost leads to low internal rates of return for water conservation improvements. To be selected for installation, water conservation improvements must also achieve energy savings, reduce wastewater loads, reduce productions of hazardous materials and pollutants, reduce consumption of expensive materials, or Water Conservation Program 30

39 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM reduce labor while maintaining product quality. Outside funding (such as rebates or utility credits) can sometimes improve the competitive ranking. Even selected equipment or process upgrades may wait for future budget cycles. If a business s products or services are known, then the typical types of water efficient equipment or process can be identified. Unfortunately, water utility customer databases are seldom updated with current information describing business products and services. Business licenses associated with account addresses help to some degree. Water usage audits may identify which customers have potential for conservation improvements, but do not of themselves improve water conservation. Survey results often need to protect proprietary business information. In the 1990s, water utilities offered on-site water use reviews (audits) to industrial customers. Often, the customers ignored the recommendations or were slow to implement them. After a decade of experience, water utilities now offer a broad range of rebates for equipment improvements. The goal is to achieve demand reduction volumes rather than follow prescribed activities. Future water audits done by City staff are recommended. Additional incentives are offered to businesses that propose to change equipment or processes. Incentives are offered as a dollar-per-unit of water savings. The business customers are invited to submit engineering proposals for conservation improvements to the Utility. After preliminary approval, the funding may be provided when verified by installation and water use measurements. Professional expertise is required to assess process changes. Getting the attention and time of busy facilities managers and engineers is often difficult. Involving business customers in water conservation programs requires direct involvement and a multi-pronged marketing approach. The types of water conservation measures commonly offered by water utilities and accepted by businesses are well established and are recommended for the City s Utility to employ. Commercial High-Efficiency Toilets This measure is similar to residential high-efficiency toilet incentives, with the exception that pressure-assisted toilets are advised for some restaurants and sites prone to abusive public use. Currently, Stockton does not subscribe to this measure from the California Urban Water Conservation Council. The City can start this program at any time. Data review of 973 commercial, industrial, and institutional accounts shows that 255 of these accounts had meters installed prior to Therefore, the building may not have been built with the water efficiency improvements required by the 1994 plumbing code change. Each meter location may serve several toilets. One challenge is to determine which businesses have already replaced older toilets with ultra low-flow toilets or high-efficiency toilets. Commercial High-Efficiency Urinals Pre-1994 urinals use as much water as 3 gallons per flush. Current plumbing code requires urinals manufactured and sold in the United States to use no more than 1.0 gallon per flush. Newer urinals use 50 percent less water at 0.5 gallons per flush. Some urinals use no water at all. The efficiency incentive encourages commercial customers to replace older high-volume urinals with low-volume urinals instead of the 1.0 gallon per flush versions. No incentives should be given for fixtures that merely meet code. Marketing for the program can begin as soon as outreach materials are ready. The total number of urinals to be replaced depends on pre-1994 structures that have not already been retrofitted. 31 Water Conservation Program

40 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Commercial Pressurized Water Brooms Pressurized water brooms use relatively small amounts of water compared to hand-held hoses for cleaning floors and sidewalks. Using small water amounts, they reduce dust from dry sweeping methods and improve floor cleaning. Commercial Pre-Rinse Spray Valves The objective of this rebate is to accelerate the replacement of existing water consumptive valves that use up to 5 gallons of water per minute. Other water and energy utilities have replaced tens of thousands of water consumptive valves with efficient pre-rinse spray valves with successful results, and Stockton could benefit from this practice. New regulations require flow rates of 1.6 gallons per minute or less. Using the pre-rinse spray valves saves customers additional money as they reduce the costs in heating water. Cooling Towers and Industrial Process Changes Locations and performance of individual cooling towers and industrial processes must be assessed on a case-by-case basis by experts. Acceptance by the building operators and owners is essential and time-consuming. Cooling towers remove heat generated by manufacturing processes, air conditioning, and refrigeration equipment. Locations include hospitals, office buildings, hotels, large grocery stores, cold storage warehouses, and industrial facilities. As warm water from the heat source trickles through the cooling tower, some evaporates, cooling the remaining water, which returns to cool the process or equipment. Substantial water savings can be achieved by recycling water many times through the cooling tower loop. 5.4 RECOMMENDED WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES CUSTOMERS FOR LARGE LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION It is essential to provide rebates to residential, commercial, institutional, and landscape customers in order to improve the efficiency of irrigation systems for irrigated landscapes 5,000 square feet or more in size (excluding hardscapes or non-irrigated areas). Incentives should be provided for: Smart evapotranspiration controllers; Low pressure irrigation techniques (e.g., drip, micro-spray); and, Rotating sprinkler nozzles. To receive the irrigation incentives, customers would need to conform to monthly irrigation budgets based on types of plants, size of area, and evapotranspiration requirements. Incentive payments can be split, half upon installation and the balance one year later to show that water savings objectives have been achieved. Target Customers for Landscape Irrigation Measures: City parks, street medians, school athletic fields, homeowners associations, and commercial sites; Water Conservation Program 32

41 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Customers with 5,000 square feet of irrigated landscape; Customers whose exterior water usage is more than 125 percent of the irrigation requirement for the size of the irrigated landscape; Volunteers willing to cost share; and, Customers with a history of reported irrigation runoff. Strategies to be incorporated for irrigation efficiency include: Training, including written material and workshops aimed at irrigation equipment suppliers, landscape maintenance managers, homeowners associations, and large property managers; Workshops for residential property owners (mandatory to receive landscape rebates); Services of a landscape irrigation professional to: review proposals inspect proposed and retrofitted properties coordinate with master gardeners and nurseries coordinate with landscape contractors present workshops conduct landscape irrigation audits provide technical assistance to customers, city and program administrator; and, Developing cooperative marketing and training efforts with irrigation contractors, retail nurseries, cooperative extension/master gardeners, and demonstration gardens. Water savings achieved by the minimum number of interventions to satisfy best management practices are illustrated in Table below. For each conservation measure, annual water savings equal the water savings per device multiplied by the number of devices to be installed. The totals for all measures are then summed. Each year s conservation installations build on the water savings of the prior year s measures. If new installations were stopped, the savings would continue for the lifetime of the equipment with some decay due to equipment wear and tear. Water Conservation Program 33

42 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM TABLE COST AND WATER SAVINGS FOR RECOMMENDED WATER CONSERVATION INCENTIVES Life Time Water Savings AcreFeet Device Lifetime Years Recommended Unit Incentive Amount Cost of Water Savings Dollars Per Acre-Foot Residential clothes washers - Tier 3 or better $100 $301 Residential high-efficiency toilets with 1.3 gallons per flush $100 $198 Commercial clothes washers $250 $403 Commercial high efficiency toilets $200 $257 Commercial urinals (0.5 gallons per flush) $200 $277 Commercial water brooms $50 $125 Commercial pre-rinse spray valves $50 $193 Cooling towers & industrial processes varies varies To be determined varies % 10 To be determined varies Conservation Measure Irrigation incentives Note: Values for lifetime water savings, device lifetime and inventive amount are derived from California Urban Water Conservation Council One Stop Rebate Program and other sources. Cost of water savings per acre foot considers the value of rebate to customer, rebate administration and installation confirmation cost by contractor, and projected water savings for device lifetime. Projected water savings for the three target reduction goals over the next five years are displayed in Figure below. Annual Water Savings in Acre-Feet FIGURE Estimated 2012 Annual Water Savings of Conservation Measures at Three Levels of Implementation Irrigation incentives 1000 Cooling Towers & Ind Process Commercial pre-rinse spray valve Commercial Water Broom 200 Commercial Urinal 0.5 gpf California Urban Water Conservation Council Objectives 3.4% of 2006 demand 1/2 California Urban Water Conservation Council cost Water Conservation Program Commercial High-Efficiency Toilets Commercial Clothes Washers Residential High-Efficiency Toilets Residential Clothes Washers 34

43 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM 5.5 PACE OF IMPLEMENTATION The intensity of the Water Conservation Program will affect the rate at which water savings occurs. Water savings from hardware replacement persists for many years. Water savings from the retrofits during the second year add to the continuing savings from the first year. A program implementing only a few measures will incur slight savings. More ambitious programs with goals of larger numbers of retrofits will achieve greater savings. Initially (fiscal year ) the program will emphasize residential toilet, residential clothes washer, and commercial clothes washer rebates. The Utility already has a contractual arrangement using partial state grant funding for these rebates. Subsequent efforts (beginning in spring or summer 2008) will broaden the program to include the additional conservation measures identified in Table 5-4.1, Cost and Water Savings for Recommended Water Conservation Incentives The best long-term approach may be for the Stockton City Council to consider requiring developers to create homes, businesses, and landscapes with high-efficiency water and energy fixtures, appliances, and landscape designs when they are initially constructed. Then water, energy, and wastewater savings are accrued to the customers and the Utility from the first use of the new facility. The annual rate of installations is very important to consider. More installations at the beginning of a program will accumulate greater annual reductions of water demand over the long term. 5.6 PARTNERSHIPS Partnerships are an excellent way to promote and implement water conservation programs. Different organizations have various resources, budgets, outreach efforts, experiences, and talents that may be combined for common benefit. Some organizations and programs that may prove to be beneficial partners are: City of Stockton/San Joaquin County Stormwater Program The objectives of stormwater control plans are to minimize potential runoff pollution and runoff flows. More than a dozen stormwater control measures directly involve landscape designs and management. These same measures can be used to improve landscape irrigation efficiency. Review of stormwater management plans can be combined with review of irrigation plans. Field inspections for dry season runoff and communications to landscape managers can reduce runoff pollution and irrigation water waste. Other City Departments The City Department of Public Works, the Department of Parks and Recreation, and other departments that maintain facilities and manage landscape irrigation, can work with the Utility to update their facilities to achieve high water conservation and set favorable examples to the community customers. Rebate funds may apply to City facilities when matched with appropriate cost share. The cost share may require future budget allocations, which the Utility could support. Water Conservation Program 35

44 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Stockton Area Water Suppliers The Utility can build on the existing relationships that provide public outreach and school education programs, and coordinate in water conservation marketing. The marketing coordination is important so that messages to the public are not contradictory. California Urban Water Conservation Council The City s Utility is currently participating in the grant-supported One Stop Rebate Program. When such cost effective programs are available, it is recommended that the City take advantage of them. San Joaquin County Cooperative Extension Master Gardeners This organization provides excellent horticultural information to homeowners and gardeners. They are well regarded by the public. Cooperative outreach to the public would meet the objectives of both programs. 6. MARKETING AND PUBLIC OUTREACH Communicating conservation messages to affected populations is a vital component of any water conservation program. The recommended short-term outreach campaign included here focuses on promotion of available rebates on water efficient appliances and irrigation systems through printed materials, meetings, and a comprehensive Web site that will link the community to the information and services the City will be providing. A long-term outreach program enforcing key messaging developed during the short-term campaign will also be necessary to encourage behavioral change and educate City residents, businesses, and key community leaders about the City of Stockton s goals for water conservation. PMC will assist the City staff with media outreach and meetings with community leaders to get residents interested and involved in saving water for Stockton s future. PMC and Charlie Pike & Associates will also assist the City by facilitating irrigation workshops that highlight the benefits surrounding installation of water efficient equipment. 6.1 KEY MESSAGES Core key messages are critical to campaign consistency and overall success. The repetition of the messages becomes second nature to the community and establishes water conservation as a part of the overall community psyche. Examples of key outreach messages to internal and external audiences are included below. Final messaging will be developed in conjunction with Utility staff. Internal (City): Water efficiency is an important issue for the City of Stockton; therefore, it is important for all City departments to communicate and work together. The City must set an example for large-scale wise water use. Using water uses energy in City buildings, in City water systems, and in City wastewater systems. Water Conservation Program 36

45 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM New technologies are available (for respective departments) to control and apply irrigation water for a better water savings (see the irrigation index on the Web site). External (residents and businesses): Saving water now will help save water for the future. Water is precious to us, our community, and our economy. Using water uses energy save water, save energy. New technologies are available to control and apply irrigation water for better water savings. Use the Irrigation Index on our Web site for water-wise irrigation and watering tips. 6.2 MARKETING OBJECTIVES Clear marketing objectives are important to the campaign implementation and establish the benchmark to revisit when additional tactics are being considered. The tactics selected for the initial campaign are designed to achieve the following objectives: Inform and educate core target audiences and stakeholders about water conservation, water efficient technology, and available incentives; Gain support for the water conservation program; Inform and educate businesses providing water efficient products and services; and, Satisfy California Urban Water Conservation Council best management practices. 6.3 TARGET AUDIENCES The campaign adopts a strategic approach that targets City of Stockton Utility Customers, other water suppliers, key community members who are influential and trusted by City residents, and businesses associated with water efficient hardware. Building relationships and partnerships with these audiences will lead to future and further connections that can assist with awareness and campaign effectiveness. Target audiences for the marketing and public outreach program will be split into internal and external audiences as listed below: Internal: Utility and City Department of Public Works, the Department of Parks and Recreation and all city employees. External: Stockton Area Water Suppliers; Stakeholders (e.g., landscape contractors; commercial, industrial, and institutional customers); Water Conservation Program 37

46 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM 6.4 Utility residential customers, both English-speaking and Spanish-speaking; Owners of large irrigated landscapes and their irrigation managers; Retailers and wholesalers of water-using equipment; and, Service providers, such as plumbers, landscape contractors, and cleaning services. OUTREACH TACTICS There are many ways to reach out to specific target audiences with a water conservation message. The outreach tactics listed here selected to introduce the Water Conservation Program are designed to begin at the ground level to gain acceptance from key influencers who will then take the message to other audiences and later confirm and support the message as it appears more prominently in the community. Once the community has been seasoned with core conservation messages, broad market tactics (such as billboards, bus sides, or television ads) are effective reminders to establish overall behavior change. Section 8 of this program outlines additional marketing budget for broad market tactics for future program implementation. The initial outreach tactics for the Water Conservation Program are outlined below. Internal and External Committee Development PMC and Pike & Associates will work in conjunction with Utility staff to establish internal and external advisory committees, the forming of which will enable Utility staff to develop internal strategies for change and to position the City as a strong example to follow. The internal advisory committee will also review the potential of positioning the City for grants and outside funding. The external advisory committee would both inform and invest key external stakeholders (like landscape firms, businesses, and the Latino community) in the process. Committees would include: Internal Advisory Committee Community Advisory Committee PMC and Pike & Associates will work in conjunction with City staff to establish advisory committees. They will enable staff to develop strategies for change and position the City as a strong example to follow. The internal committee will also review the potential of positioning the City for grants and outside funding. The customer committee would both inform and invest key external stakeholders (like landscape firms, businesses, and the Latino community) in the process. Internal City of Stockton Marketing PMC and Pike & Associates will work in conjunction with Utility staff to inform and educate City executives, elected officials, and department managers (such as Parks and Public Works). This would include working with Utility staff to educate City department managers about water efficiency practices, available rebates, potential grants to improve City facilities, and water Water Conservation Program 38

47 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM efficiency goals. The process also allows department managers to share water-related information regarding their facilities and needs for facility improvements. Outreach tactics for this target audience will include: Committee meetings; Irrigation workshops; s to department managers; Posters that encourage Program participation promoting incentive-based or friendly competition around department water savings; and, Use of Citylink (Internal Intranet) to disseminate Conservation Program information. External Marketing PMC and Pike & Associates will work in conjunction with Utility staff to inform and educate residents and businesses about water conservation. There are several external target audience segments, some with an interest in Utility water supplies, such as Stockton area water and wastewater utilities. Others include Chambers of Commerce, environmental groups, landscape contractors, and other relevant groups. Outreach tactics will vary and overlap depending on the specific target audience as outlined below. Stockton Area Water Suppliers Outreach tactics for this target audience will include: Direct phone calls; Committee meetings (see Community Advisory Committee above); Partnership development; Participation in area business events (e.g., staffing of booths, etc.); Irrigation workshops; and, City Utility Water Conservation Program Web site update. Stakeholders Stakeholders in this case will include commercial, industrial, and institutional customers and other owners and managers of large irrigated landscapes. Outreach tactics for this target audience will include: Committee meetings and partnership development; Participation in area business events (e.g., staffing of booths, etc.); Irrigation workshops; Water Conservation Program 39

48 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM City Water Conservation Program Web site update; Press releases; and, An article in the City Utility newsletter The Update. Utility Residential customers Outreach tactics for this target audience will include: Committee meetings; Participation in area community events (e.g., staffing of booths, etc.); Irrigation workshops (as mentioned above); Press releases (as mentioned above); An article in the Utility newsletter The Update (as mentioned above); Three radio public service announcements (i.e., scripts submitted to stations in English and Spanish); and, Maintenance of bilingual water awareness hotline (1.866.STOKWTR). 6.5 POTENTIAL MARKETING PARTNERS Partnerships are essential to any successful marketing campaign and can provide desired leveraging of campaign resources. Partnerships will be forged with local media, community leaders, and providers of water-efficient technology. Key partners would include: The Stockton Record, Latino Times; Local radio stations like KUOP, etc.; Pacific Gas & Electric; Master Gardeners San Joaquin Chamber of Commerce; Water purveyors serving the Stockton metropolitan area; San Joaquin County; Landscape contractors, landscape designers and architects; Large-scale retailers of water efficiency hardware products; County Water Conservation Program new program for county 40

49 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Irrigation system distributors; California Restaurant Association; and, Facility engineers Association for Facilities Engineering. Partnerships with suppliers of water efficient products and services are essential to Program success. Managers and salespeople need to be informed about qualifying products and the incentives available to customers. Some of these product and service suppliers are landscape contractors, plumbers, plumbing supply houses, nurseries and garden supply product stores, and appliance stores. These vendors have a direct economic interest in the water efficiency programs. Since the program expands the opportunity to sell new products, this audience can be an important ally in promoting the program and a future target audience for enhancing and building the program for optimal results. Additional future program outreach tactics (not included in initial program implementation budget) that apply to this audience could potentially include: Display with protective containers for sample hardware devices; Develop additional literature for each device; Provide literature holders; Selection of images, both hard copy and electronic; Presentations to retailers and salespeople about products eligible for rebates; Provide placards proclaiming rebate and water and energy efficiency benefits; Periodically visit sales establishments to enforce marketing message; Provide promotional materials to support incentives benefits and/or periodically visit sales establishments to reinforce marketing message; and, Co-fund advertising. Distributing the rebate information to the vendors is part of the program implementation and identification of qualifying hardware. They will also receive news about the program via all other tactics for residents and businesses. Displays and additional tactics will not be provided to further the campaign until it has been introduced to the market. Establishing partnerships with them first will help us identify where best to put future marketing dollars and also provide the opportunity for them to contribute to materials using their own branding. Hardware providers may also have displays and materials that will support the efforts and we do not want to duplicate. The launch of a new campaign can be very exciting, with initial tactics revealing opportunities that may not have been previously identified. The first year of this campaign will require a measure of flexibility by the Utility and an openness to new outreach tactics and strategic adjustments, as best serves the program. PMC s team will assist the City in working with residents and businesses to facilitate a smooth transition to a more aware and water conserving community. Water Conservation Program 41

50 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM 6.6 OUTREACH CAMPAIGN IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE Once the program has been approved by the City Council, the City will begin the campaign by starting with internal communications to all City departments outlining the program goals, objectives, and campaign tactics, as well as the anticipated level of each department s participation. Once the internal campaign has been launched and all departments are informed and on board, the City will be ready to release a press memo announcing the campaign to the media and public. In conjunction with the internal City campaign launch after the program approval, all tactics will go live including the Web site, preparation for calls and letters to facilitate internal and external advisory committees, local partnership development, radio scripts finalized, and promotion of rebates will begin. Campaign implementation may be affected by City approvals and procedures, so adjustments to the implementation schedule may be required. A tentative timeline for these activities is as follows: Approximate Date Activity Results February 12 Present Water Conservation Program to Stockton City Council February Incorporate any final feedback; work with City Utility staff to finalize all plans and implementation schedule Campaign ready for launch Rebate materials and information sent to administration, contractor/staff and hardware vendors Determine credits or rebates; acquire rebate administration contractor or assign City staff Follow-up calls to vendors and other potential partners Initiate contacts for advisory committees Web is live Internal campaign is launched Press memo released to media Internet linking and activity begins as residents and business see new links and information Media pitching and follow-up for potential interviews, articles and opportunities Facilitate advisory committees Week of February 18 Week of February 25 through week of March 10 City Council approves conservation program Radio scripts are finalized, translated, and released to local stations Pitch calls are made to promote air time; follow-up on air schedule; pitch partners for co-op advertising blasts are sent to residents and businesses announcing program and rebates; links to Web and rebate administer Customers begin asking for rebates Schedule meetings with stakeholders and partners Multicultural outreach Send Utility newsletter to residential and business customers Article for The Update Administer rebate hotline Report launch activities to City Utility staff Water Conservation Program 42

51 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Approximate Date Week of March 17 through week of March 24 Week of March 31/April 1 through April 11 Mid-April through May June Activity Results Identify upcoming business and event opportunities Outline logistics for irrigation workshops Press release number two is developed (content based on progress, e.g., City plans to replace x number of fixtures etc. ) Schedule business and community promotion opportunities, coordinate with City staff Procure space and schedule irrigation workshops or partner with existing events for workshop opportunities Media pitching Follow up on co-op advertising opportunities blast number two Partnership follow-up Administer rebate hotline Report activities to City Utility staff Assess campaign efforts to date; identify areas of adjustment Work with City to develop sustainability aspects to the campaign Report all results to date and project future expected results Work with the City to communicate results to staff as needed Administer rebate hotline Report activities to City Utility staff Meet with stakeholders, partners or committees Identify any opportunities for conservation marketing associated with Water Awareness Month and leverage with remaining Program tactics Follow-up calls to partners and media (pitch radio spots as well) Promote rebates Promote any events and or workshops Committee meeting/ or follow-up Attend events and workshops as scheduled Work with City to develop next steps for program campaign Press release number three, update on program blast number three Administer rebate hotline Report activities to City Utility staff Reporting on rebate totals, campaign activities, next steps 7. PROGRAM MANAGEMENT 7.1 INCENTIVE ADMINISTRATION The City has the choice of how to operate incentive programs: 1. Decide whether to provide the incentives as rebate checks or credits on the customer bills. Credits can be authorized and tracked by a contractor but only issued to the customer by the Utility. 2. Administered rebates or credits through the Utility or through an experienced contractor, or some combination. Water Conservation Program 43

52 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM A financial incentive program involves numerous details. The highlights Equipment - Eligibility - Criteria - Incentive amount - Vendor marketing Customers - Eligibility - Customer cost - Communications - Marketing - Satisfaction Documents - Applications - Reports - Method of transferring incentive to customer Quality Control - Fiduciary controls - Inspections to ensure actual equipment installation - Customer Satisfaction include: Good planning will help to assure a smooth process. The following sample block diagram shows the activity flow for a financial incentive program. Water Conservation Program 44

53 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM FIGURE SAMPLE REBATE OR CREDIT INCENTIVE APPLICATION PROCESS Requires coordination with the Utility operations staff and contractors for meter data loggers and any field measurements. Customer visits website or calls hotline for incentive program information Customer purchases and installs product at Utility served property Customer application received, reviewed for compliance, ID number assigned and data entered into data base Application meets all criteria; electronic data sent to Utility for approval (option) Application not in compliance; letter sent to customer requesting more information Information received Utility returns data file of denied incentives Rebate/credit does not meet criteria Information not received within time frame or product does not qualify Incentive is denied; denial letter sent to customer Utility returns data file of approved incentives; Utility issues credit on customer bill Contractor sends Utility electronic files of approved and denied incentives Incentive is approved; rebate check mailed to customer Water Conservation Program 45

54 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM 7.2 IMPLEMENTATION SUBCONTRACTORS Program implementation will require expertise and services beyond those currently available from the PMC/Charlie Pike & Associates/Tully & Young team. Services to administer the financial incentives (see flow chart on previous page) will be required. Several contractors currently exist including EGIA, Energy Solutions, and Honeywell DMC. Landscape irrigation expertise should be employed to advise customers of appropriate landscape designs, plant materials, irrigation systems, and applicable financial incentives. Irrigation expertise will also be needed to inspect sites making applications for incentives both before and after the incentive application is submitted to assure compliance with program guidelines. Oversight of the subcontractors will be carried out by Charlie Pike & Associates. 7.3 PROGRAM QUALITY CONTROL Specific measures will be provided to assure: A. Positive program experience for the Utility customers. 1. Participation criteria that allows many Utility customers to participate. 2. Easy communication access to Utility customers through a telephone hotline, direct , and Web site updates through PMC. 3. Easy-to-obtain incentive applications. 4. Quick response to inquiries about the status of incentives. 5. Prompt incentive processing period. B. Fiscal accuracy and responsibility to the City. 1. All applications must be accompanied by a recent Utility bill. 2. Only Utility water customers will be issued incentives. 3. Incentives will only be issued to the customer of record on the Utility bill. 4. Rebates (if used) will be issued as paper checks and mailed to the address of record on the Utility bill. 5. The number of incentives per account will be limited to the number of plumbing fixtures or appliances at the address of record. 6. The customer and rebate information will be maintained on a secure database. 7. The incentive process will be reviewed by an account prior to start up and recommend any additional security measures. Water Conservation Program 46

55 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM 8. The incentive program will be audited annually and a report provided to the City. C. Water conservation measures are actually being implemented. 1. A percentage of accounts claiming to have installed fixtures/equipment for rebates will be physically inspected to assure installation and to match the serial numbers with the incentive application. 2. The percentage of inspections will vary with the type of water using equipment. 3. The California Urban Water Conservation Council Rebate Program inspection percentages will be used as a guide for the Utility. To provide high-quality fixtures, appliances, and equipment, only highly rated water efficient fixtures, appliances, and equipment will be eligible for the programs. Criteria will rely on existing and updated equipment listings by well-established agencies and organizations that sponsor independent testing and provide similar programs. Examples are East Bay Municipal Utility District, Santa Clara Valley Water District, Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, Consortium for Energy Efficiency, the Food Service Technology Center, and the Irrigation Association. 7.4 MEASURING PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS Good project management, as well as attention to developing methods to evaluate the effectiveness of selected programs for this project, requires assessment of how well progress is being achieved. Considering the assessments, adjustments to project implementation may be made. Below are a number of approaches that may be applied: Program popularity and public acceptance - positive response by customers, City Council, media, and regulators; Expression of other Stockton area water utilities to partner and participate; Level of participation counted by the number of rebate applications and attendance at training events; Meeting target objectives compare levels of participation with target numbers; Customer information from rebate applications conservation needs of residence or business; Calculated savings from unit savings of devices installed; Compare water use by participating customers with water use by control customers for the same time periods; Compare before and after same month (e.g., February 2007 vs. February 2008) water consumption for participating customers; Meeting water savings targets compare calculated savings and metered savings with water demand reduction goals; indicating customer-perceived Water Conservation Program 47

56 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Survey customers to determine water use habits and attitudes, such as East Bay Municipal Utility District residential use study or Santa Clara Valley Water District baseline study; and, Financial program costs compared to budget and the marginal cost (value of water from alternative source) of water saved. Experience has shown that program effectiveness may require some time for water savings and customer acceptance to be realized. Therefore we recommend that the following quantitative effectiveness measures be initially used for each conservation measure: 7.5 Count the number of customer rebates issued, Count the number of different accounts/customers participating, Estimate water savings for the reporting period, Estimate cumulative water savings since the program began, Count the value of rebates issued for the reporting period, and, Count the value of rebates issued since the program began. REPORTS In addition to providing data for monthly reports from PMC to the City, the database developed by PMC as part of this project will provide a substantial portion of the water conservation program information that can be transmitted to the California Urban Water Conservation Council as part of its biannual reporting requirements. Since the California Urban Water Conservation Council reporting requirements sometimes change, human interface will be needed to effect the data transmission. Member water agencies of the California Urban Water Conservation Council voluntarily report their water conservation activities and results through an internet data base every two years. The next California Urban Water Conservation Council reports are due December Agencies submitting these reports may provide copies to the California Department of Water Resources as part of their Urban Water Management Practice updates. State statute requires water utilities (with more than 3,000 accounts or serving 3,000 acre-feet per year or more) to update their Urban Water Management Plan every five years. State statute requires that a complete Urban Water Management Practice be submitted to the California Department of Water Resources in order for the water agency to be eligible to receive grant funds. The next submittal, due in December 2010, should describe the implementation of water conservation (demand management) measures as promised in the 2005 update. 8. BUDGET 8.1 ESTIMATED PROGRAM COSTS This section will cover how much the program could cost over certain time periods, taking into consideration water conservation programs often last for years. It will also address how nonutility funding, such as grants, may be obtained to reduce the cost to the City of Stockton. Water Conservation Program 48

57 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM The budget presented below is used to illustrate what it would take to implement a financial incentive program aimed to encourage customers to replace inefficient water consumptive equipment with water efficient equipment. The budget assumes that the Utility has no existing staff or expertise to carry out the program in-house and will therefore need contractual assistance for the period February 2008 through the end of the next fiscal year (June 2009). Some expenses for water conservation have already been encumbered through prior agreements, such as the California Urban Water Conservation Council Rebate Program and the PMC effort to develop the water conservation plan. These expenses are excluded from the following table of sample budgets illustrating three levels of incentive activity. TABLE VALUES OF REBATES OR CREDITS FOR WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES California Urban Water Conservation Council Objectives in 5 years Reduce demand by 3.4% of 2006 within 5 years Schedule at 50% of California Urban Water Conservation Council schedule cost Annual Cost of Rebates Fiscal Year 09Fiscal Year 12 Annual Number Units installed Fiscal Year Annual Cost of Rebates Fiscal Year 09- Fiscal Year 12 Annual Number Units installed Fiscal Year Annual Cost of Rebates Fiscal Year 09Fiscal Year 12 Conservation Measure Recommended Unit Incentive Amount Annual Number Units installed Fiscal Year Residential Clothes Washers - Tier 3 or better $ $71, $75, $30,000 Residential Toilet with 1.3 gpf HighEfficiency Toilets $ $100,000 2,500 $250, $60,000 Commercial clothes washers $ $18, $37,500 $0 $0 Commercial HighEfficiency Toilets $ $60, $70, $60,000 Commercial urinal 0.5 gal per flush $ $60, $70, $20,000 Commercial water broom $ $5, $15, $2,500 Commercial pre rinse spray valve $ $5, $7, $2,500 Cooling Towers & Ind Process To Be Determined Irrigation incentives To Be Determined Totals $100,000 $100, $100, $50, $519, $ 825, $225,000 The totals values are inserted as Rebates or credits paid to customers in the Budget Summary table below. Water Conservation Program 49

58 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM TABLE RECOMMENDED BUDGET FOR THE WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Budget Item Notes Fifth year water savings in acre-feet per year Jan-June 2008 Annual Cost to Meet California Urban Water Conservation Council Objectives in 5 years Reduce Demand by 3.4% of 2006 water demand within 5 Years Annual Cost at 50% of California Urban Water Conservation Council Objectives in 5 Years , Utility Staff - to be determined by Stockton Municipal Utilities Department 1,2 $- $- $- $- Staff training and coordination with other utilities 3 $1,500 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 Conservation equipment and references 4 $10,000 $1,000 $500 $500 Fees to water organizations 5 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 Irrigation & Industrial consultants 7 $65,000 $115,000 $115,000 $70,000 Rebates or credits paid to customers 8 $76,250 $519,750 $825,000 $225,000 Rebate or credit administration by Contractor 9 $32,500 $79,050 $40,500 $16,500 Marketing 10 $50,000 $100,000 $100,000 $75,000 Workshops targeting: homeowners, landscape professionals, business 11 $20,000 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000 $260,000 $853,000 $1,119,000 $425,000 Rounded Totals See Appendix E for a detailed table that includes cost per acre-feet. NOTES 1. Staff: Starting in Fiscal Year , assumed to be 2 full-time employees at the Public Outreach Coordinator level and two parttime employees; escalated annually for 3% cost of living allowance; cost to be determined by Utility. 2. Staff duties include residential irrigation audits, inspecting rebate installations, organizing workshops, responding to customer calls, promoting programs with retailers, managing consultants, coordinating with partners, exhibiting at community events, reports to state and California Urban Water Conservation Council, etc. 3. Attend workshops and classes in various locations, meet with other conservation coordinators to use mutually beneficial programs. 4. City Utilities Department equipment purchase includes meter data logger and associated software to determine customer water use patterns, flow monitoring devices, reference materials. 5. Fees paid to California Urban Water Conservation Council. 7. Fees paid for consultant services ($20,000) to guide program startup; expertise in landscape irrigation ($40,000), and commercial and industrial processes ($55,000). 8. Value of all rebates and credits paid to customers for installing efficiency devices. See Table "Values of Rebates or Credits for Water Efficiency Measures" for detail. Water Conservation Program 50

59 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM 9. Fees paid to contractors to administer applications, payments, site inspections, compile reports. Based on $30 per rebate. $25,000 start-up fee in Marketing may include: design and printing materials, direct mailings, messages to customers, materials to appliance vendors, telephone call center, Internet pages. 11. Cost for venues, publicity, logistics to present workshops. One targeting business engineers and facility managers and the others training irrigation managers in efficient irrigation technologies 8.2 ALTERNATIVE FUNDING SOURCES COST SHARING Partnering with other organizations may be an effective way to make programs more effective, achieve broader objectives to satisfy multiple programs, and share program costs. Examples may include: Stockton Area Water Suppliers coordinating water projects and water conservation programs. Pacific Gas & Electric serves the same customers as the Utility. Pacific Gas & Electric provides energy conservation rebates for some of the same appliances (such as clothes washers). Cooperative marketing to customers and retailers may increase the success of both organizations. Pacific Gas & Electric operates a training center in the City of Stockton which may be a desirable venue for offering workshops. Pacific Gas & Electric has longstanding energy conservation services to commercial customers. Joint training workshops to commercial customers (e.g., food service establishments) can reach a common audience for water and energy efficient equipment and processes. City of Stockton Public Works Department and Parks Department have facilities that receive water from the Utility. They all have separate budget items and funding sources that can be coordinated to achieve mutual benefit. Water conservation rebates can be applied to City facilities, when cost shared with other City departments, such as: Improve landscape irrigation conservation and landscape appearance; Upgrade irrigation control equipment; Update plumbing fixtures in City-owned buildings; and, Upgrade water using equipment and processes in City-owned facilities. Grants are an excellent way to leverage utility funds to soften the financial impact of program implementation. As state and federal grants can be complex, the application and contract processes can be protracted. Grant funding is periodically available from the California Department of Water Resources, the State Water Resources Control Board, and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation for the implementation of water conservation programs by urban water utilities. Most of the grants require applications with detailed technical descriptions of the water efficiency equipment and services to be installed, the estimated water savings to be achieved, the cost of implementation, and the portion of the costs to be paid by the applying agencies. Grant recipients are determined through Water Conservation Program 51

60 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM a competitive process. The following notes are important in preparing successful grant applications: Determine in advance (6-12 months) which efficiency efforts should be included in the grant proposals. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation potential annual grants on a competitive basis at variable dates. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation - potential annual minor funding ($5,000-30,000 per year) to U.S. Bureau of Reclamation contractors, e.g., Stockton East Water District. California Department of Water Resources competitive grants California Department of Water Resources staff anticipated another round of Prop 50 Water Use Efficiency funding, but it has not been scheduled. The eligibility criteria for the next round of funding are expected to be almost the same as the last one. Information has not been provided yet about Prop 84 regarding water use efficiency. Water Codes Sections was amended in October 2007 by AB 1420 to require water utilities to actually implement water efficiency measures in order to be eligible for funding for programs and projects for surface water or groundwater storage, recycling, desalination, water conservation water supply reliability, and water supply augmentation. Grants often require a local cost share. That cost share can include administration costs, portions of project expense, and contributions by third parties. The grant does not always require additional funds beyond the existing budget. Grant funds can apply to wide categories of customers. For instance, large landscape irrigation grants could fund efficiency measures to any landscape over 5,000 square feet regardless of whether they are home owners associations, dedicated irrigation accounts, commercial sites, government property, or other institutional location. City parks could participate as a property group meeting those criteria. Likewise, commercial, industrial, and institutional rebates can apply to commercial sites, government property, or other institutional locations. The City Departments do need time to include desired matching funds in their budgets. Important note: Grant funding agencies prefer to fund grants to multiple agency partnerships or regional coalitions. 9. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE The implementation schedule is presented in two charts: 1. The remaining portion of current fiscal year from February through June The full fiscal year , this will set the pattern of water conservation activities for the following years. Water Conservation Program 52

61 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM TABLE 9-1 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM PROPOSED SCHEDULE FISCAL YEAR Water Conservation Program Actions Feb-08 Water Conservation Program Approval by City Council Mar-08 Apr-08 May-08 Jun-08 Water Awareness Month Promotions Prepare Water Supply Report and Phase Recommendations Present Water Supply Report and Phase Recommendations to City Council Marketing internal Marketing to customers Residential Water Conservation Program Intervention Measures Convert California Urban Water Conservation Council Rebates to Residential high-efficiency toilets Continue California Urban Water Conservation Council Rebates for Residential high-efficiency toilets Continue California Urban Water Conservation Council Rebates for Residential clothes washers Commercial Water Conservation Program Intervention Measures Utility-select industrial process & cooling tower consultant Commercial & Industrial Workshop Continue California Urban Water Conservation Council Rebates - Commercial clothes washers Commercial high-efficiency toilets rebate/credit Commercial urinals rebate/credit Commercial water brooms rebate/credit Commercial spray valves rebate/credit Identify sites with cooling towers and evaporative condensers Cooling towers conductivity controllers rebate/credit Commercial incentives for process improvements Landscape Irrigation Water Conservation Program Intervention Measures Present workshops to landscape industry and homeowners Utility-select irrigation consultant/ subcontractor Offer services to irrigation sites greater than 5,000 Water Conservation Program 53

62 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Water Conservation Program Actions Feb-08 Mar-08 Apr-08 May-08 Jun-08 Landscape Irrigation Rebates for low-pressure irrigation systems Start Landscape Irrigation Rebates for rotating sprinkler nozzles Start Landscape Irrigation Rebates for Smart evapotranspiration controllers Start square feet Administrative Quality Assurance/Quality Control Coordinate with Utility staff & manage subcontractors Reports to Utility staff Customer tracking database fully operational Resolve customer inquiries Evaluate program effectiveness Water Shortage Determine need for Water Shortage Program Water Shortage Public Outreach Water Shortage Customer Service Operations The five-year program schedule is summarized in Table 9-2 below. Water Conservation Program 54

63 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM TABLE 9-2 PROPOSED FIVE-YEAR SCHEDULE FOR WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM Water Conservation Program Actions FY FY FY FY10-11 FY11-12 Program Approval by City Council Water Awareness Month Promotions Present Water Supply Report and Phase Recommendations to City Council Residential high-efficiency toilets -California Urban Water Conservation Council rebate Residential clothes washer California Urban Water Conservation Council rebate Residential clothes washer rebate/credit Residential high-efficiency toilet rebate/credit Commercial & Industrial Workshop Commercial high-efficiency toilets rebate/credit Commercial clothes washers California Urban Water Conservation Council rebate Commercial clothes washer rebate/credit Commercial urinals rebate/credit Commercial water brooms rebate/credit Commercial spray valves rebate/credit Cooling towers conductivity controllers rebate/credit Commercial/ industrial process improvement rebate/credit Irrigation Workshops to industry and homeowners Irrigation Schedules & Budgets for Large Sites Landscape Irrigation Rebates ABBREVIATIONS AND GLOSSARY AF: acre-foot, a unit of volume equal to 325,851 gallons AFPY: acre-feet per year AWWA: American Water Works Association AWWARF: American Water Works Association Research Foundation BMP: Best Management Practice for urban water conservation defined by the California Urban Water Conservation Council Water Conservation Program 55

64 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM CCF or HCF: a volume of measure equal to 100 cubic feet or 748 gallons CDWR: California Department of Water Resources CEE: Consortium for Energy Efficiency, a non-profit corporation whose mission is to accelerate development and availability to the public of energy-efficient technologies. CII: commercial, industrial, and institutional customers COSMUD: CUWCC: California Urban Water Conservation Council Demand: water used by utility customers Demand Management: actions and programs to modify consumption by customers DWR: Department of Water Resources EBMUD: East Bay Municipal Utility District ET: evapotranspiration the amount of water used by plants for transpiration and the amount of evaporation from adjacent soil ETo: evapotranspiration specifically by grass for transpiration and the amount of evaporation from adjacent soil GPCD: gallons per capita day the average amount of water used by one person during one day as specified at home or work GPF: gallons per flush relates to toilets and urinals HOA: homeowners association Metered landscape irrigation: customer accounts that have meters to determine water volumes applied to irrigate landscape MFR: multiple-family residential unit, more than one residential unit in a structure that may be metered separately or in groups MWDSC: Metropolitan Water District of Southern California NO: nitrous oxide - an atmospheric pollutant caused by combustion in boilers SAWS: Stockton Area Water Suppliers SCVWD: Santa Clara Valley Water District SEWD: Stockton East Water District wholesale water suppliers to Stockton-area water retailers SFR: single-family residential unit that is individually metered Water Conservation Program 56

65 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM SWRCB: State Water Resources Control Board ULTF: ultra low flush toilet USBR: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation UWMP: Urban Water Management Plan WF: water factor the number of gallons needed for each cubic foot of laundry. A lower number indicates more efficient use of water. CEE Tier 2 has a water factor of 6 gallons per cubic foot. CEE Tier 3 has a water factor of 4.5 gallons per cubic foot REFERENCES American Water Works Association Research Foundation (AWWARF) and American Water Works Association (AWWA) Residential End Uses of Water. California Urban Water Conservation Council California Urban Water Conservation Council Best Management Practices List. City of Stockton. December City of Stockton Urban Water Management Plan. Prepared by Kennedy Jenks Consultants. Website: Personal communications with Robert Granberg, Water Resources Deputy Director Water Resources, December, Santa Clara Valley Water District Water Use Efficiency Program Annual Report Fiscal Year U.S. Census Bureau and California Department of Finance, Demographic Research Unit. Revised May 9, Population, Housing, and Income Date for the City of Stockton. Vickers, Amy Handbook of Water Use and Conservation. Waterplow Press: Amherst, Massachusetts. Water Conservation Program 57

66

67 APPENDICES

68

69 APPENDI A SUMMARY OF DATA ANALYSIS

70

71 CITY OF STOCKTON MUNICIPAL UTILITIES DEPARTMENT WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM OVERVIEW OF DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS JANUARY 2008 Prepared by:

72

73 OVERVIEW OF DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION The Water Conservation Program is a joint effort between PMC, Charlie Pike & Associates and Tully & Young, Inc. As part of this effort, Tully & Young worked with City of Stockton staff to collect and analyze water and land use data for the purpose of identifying and supporting potential components of the water efficiency components described in the Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan prepared by Charlie Pike & Associates. This document is a brief overview of the data collection and analysis effort intended to be attached as an appendix to the Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan and will describe the following: Section 2 Data Collection: This section describes the data collection and management efforts entailed in developing the Water Conservation Program. Section 3 Data Analysis: This section discusses the analysis performed on the data including the methodologies used and limitations of the analysis. SECTION 2 DATA COLLECTION EFFORTS 2.1 DATA COLLECTION Tully & Young worked with Internet technologies staff at the City of Stockton to obtain various land and water use data. Data was extracted from numerous modules of the City of Stockton s database system in order to analyze water use within the City of Stockton Municipal Utilities Department s service area for the 1996 and 2000 through 2006 calendar years. Data was collected by extracting five files as follows: All Customer File: This file contains information for each City of Stockton Municipal Utilities Department customer including the following fields: Location ID: The Location ID is a unique number that identifies each water meter location. Sorting of different categories of customers centers on the unique Location ID as many parcels of land have more than one water meter. Parcel Number: Parcel numbers for each of the water meters were included so that qualitative analysis of water use could be performed by identifying land uses through aerial photography. Parcel Acreage: The size of each parcel is important in analyzing residential water use according to lot size. Acreages also assisted in analyzing outdoor water use for larger parcels such as parks and schools. Census Tract: Census tract information allowed the tracking of water use trends throughout various parts of the service area as development occurred. Street Address Customer Name 1 Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

74 OVERVIEW OF DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Customer Account Number Customer Billing Address Residential Customer File: In addition to the fields included in the All Customer File, data for residential water customers included descriptions that allowed the differentiation between multi-family and single-family residential land uses. Land use designations included in the Residential Customer File are as follows: Single-Family Dwelling Condominiums Two-Family Unit Duplex Three-Family Unit Triplex Multi-Family Unit Apartments Commercial Customer File: The Commercial Customer File incorporated land use information with the City s business license database module. The data contained in this file allowed for the identification and classification of commercial customers (i.e., restaurants, grocery stores, retail establishments, etc.). Meter Characteristics File: Data fields contained in the Meter Characteristics File include the date each water meter was installed along with the type of service (potable water or irrigation) the water meter provides. Water Use Data File: The Water Use Data File includes monthly water use for each active water customer for the 1996 and 2000 through 2006 calendar years. PMC also provided 2000 census data. This data was important in analyzing per capita water use and identifying the effectiveness of potential components of the Water Conservation Program such as replacing high water consumption plumbing fixtures (i.e., toilets, showers, and clothes washers) with more water efficient fixtures. 2.2 DATA MANAGEMENT Data collected in coordination with the City of Stockton staff obtained by Tully & Young was then imported into a separate database developed and maintained by PMC. PMC supported the analysis of water use by providing numerous queries of various data as requested by Tully & Young. The database developed by PMC will subsequently be used to track the implementation and effectiveness of the Water Conservation Program. SECTION 3 DATA ANALYSIS 3.1 INTRODUCTION Data collected from the City s various database modules was analyzed to assist in identifying and supporting potential components of the Water Conservation Program. Important parts of this effort included: Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan 2

75 OVERVIEW OF DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Identifying water use trends; Understanding water use characteristics; and Identifying specific classes of water users. To perform the analyses, data queries were provided by PMC and integrated water and land use information as necessary. Collected data included over 2.3 million monthly water use records for the eight years of analyses. 3.2 WATER USE ANALYSIS Residential Water Use As described in the s 2005 Urban Water Management Plan, residential water use accounts for over 60 percent of total water use. As a result, significant time was devoted to understanding water use trends and characteristics within the residential use sector. Water use for each of the residential land use classifications was analyzed for the 1996 and 2000 through 2006 calendar years. These land use classifications included the following: Single-Family Dwelling Condominiums Two-Family Unit Duplex Three-Family Unit Triplex Multi-Family Unit Apartments For each of the years for which data was obtained, single-family residential customers were classified further by parcel size. For the 1996 and 2006 calendar years, residential water use was also sorted and analyzed according to the 34 census tracts within the City of Stockton Municipal Utilities Department service area. Table 3.1 and Table 3.2 show average daily water use for 1996 and 2006 respectively. Average daily water use for the 1996 and 2000 through 2006 calendar years is shown in Table 3.3. A significant finding is that residential water use remained relatively constant throughout the period of analysis. 3 Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

76 OVERVIEW OF DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS TABLE 3.1 AVERAGE DAILY WATER USE FOR Total Use Estimated Indoor Estimated Outdoor Use Use 0.00 to 0.05 acre lots to 0.10 acre lots to 0.15 acre lots to 0.20 acre lots to 0.30 acre lots to 0.50 acre lots to 1.00 acre lots 1, Greater than 1 du/acre 5,973 1,392 4,582 Duplex Units Triplex Units TABLE 3.2 AVERAGE DAILY WATER USE FOR 2006 Total Use (gal/du/day) Estimated Indoor Use (gal/du/day) Estimated Outdoor Use (gal/du/day) 0.00 to 0.05 acre lots to 0.10 acre lots to 0.15 acre lots to 0.20 acre lots to 0.30 acre lots to 0.50 acre lots to 1.00 acre lots 1, Greater than 1 du/acre 5,805 2,589 3,216 Duplex Units Triplex Units TABLE 3.3 AVERAGE DAILY WATER USE FOR 1996 AND 2000 THROUGH 2001 Averages Total Use Estimated Indoor Estimated Outdoor Use Use 0.00 to 0.05 acre lots to 0.10 acre lots to 0.15 acre lots to 0.20 acre lots to 0.30 acre lots to 0.50 acre lots to 1.00 acre lots 1, Greater than 1 du/acre 6,148 1,717 4,431 Duplex Units Triplex Units Water usage for each single-family residential parcel size range was separated by indoor and outdoor use by assuming that annual indoor water use equaled the lowest monthly water use in a calendar year multiplied by twelve. Annual indoor water use is approximated using this method because outdoor water use during the month of least use is negligible. The month of least use during the year generally occurs in either January or February as less water is needed Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan 4

77 OVERVIEW OF DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS for landscape irrigation due to precipitation. Figure 3.1 illustrates water use by the various singlefamily residential lot size classifications in The higher water use during the summer months of July, August, and September indicate an increase in landscape irrigation during the driest and hottest times of the year. As anticipated, outdoor water use increases as parcel sizes increase due to the increased area of landscaping. FIGURE SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL WATER USE BY PARCEL SIZE 2006 Single Family Residential Water Use by Parcel Size 30,000 25,000 Average Monthly Water Use (gallons) 20,000 15,000 10, to to to to to ,000 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Analysis of water use for condominiums, duplexes, triplexes and multi-family residential land uses was limited because it was not possible to determine whether the monthly data included water use for one or more residential dwelling units Non-Residential Water Use Various analyses were performed on non-residential water uses throughout the City of Stockton Municipal Utilities Department service area including the classification of commercial uses, identification of public facilities (City of Stockton and school district-owned properties) and identification of high water using customers and industries. Commercial Customers. Commercial customers were classified according to the list below. This is not a comprehensive list of commercial classifications found in the City of Stockton Municipal Utilities Department service area, but represents the types of businesses that may use significant amounts of water. 5 Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

78 OVERVIEW OF DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Car Wash Grocery Store Dental Office Home Improvement Department Store Hotel/Motel Restaurant Laundry Services Fitness Club Medical Office General Retail Beauty Salon Public Facilities. From the land use information provided, City-owned properties were identified. These properties include parks as well as other City buildings. City-owned parks identified within the used an average of 3.15 acre-feet per acre of water in The following four school districts operate a total of approximately 33 facilities within the City of Stockton Municipal Utilities Department service area: Lincoln Unified School District; Lodi Unified School District; Manteca Unified School District; and Stockton Unified School District. Annual water use for the school districts facilities was analyzed to identify potential water efficiency measures. High Water Users. customers with the highest annual water use were identified for 2004 through During the 2004 through 2006 calendar years, the 100 customers with the highest annual water use accounted for approximately 11 percent of total water use. 3.3 LIMITATIONS Analysis of the water and land use data was somewhat limited due to several issues. Despite the issues described below, the analysis performed was useful in identifying potential water efficiency measures described in the Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan. Land use classifications contained in the City s database were not always accurate and in some cases were non-existent. For example, the San Joaquin County Jail was classified as a single-family residential dwelling unit. Land use information for approximately 9,000 customers did not exist. For these customers, an assumed land use designation was given to their parcels according to their locations, water use, and customer names so that they could be included in the data analysis. Many of these were single-family residential dwelling units. Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan 6

79 OVERVIEW OF DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Business license information (SIC Codes) maintained by the City was not sufficiently specific to allow identification of business types. For most of the commercial customers, an assumed business type was designated according to customer name and other research. For residential land uses other than single-family residential uses, analysis of water use was limited because it was not known whether a water meter served more than one dwelling unit. For example, water use records for duplexes and triplexes appear to have some structures on one meter and others on more than one meter because annual water use appears higher than would be expected for one dwelling unit. Analysis of water use on a per-dwelling unit basis for condominiums and multi-family apartments was further limited because a separate water meter commonly provides water for common areas and landscape irrigation. 7 Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

80

81 APPENDI B WATER USE IN STOCKTON

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83 SCHOOLS IN STOCKTON WATER SERVICE AREA STOCKTON UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Elementary Schools Adams Elementary School Pam Whitted, Principal 6402 Inglewood Stockton (209) Grunsky Elementary School Michael Sousa, Principal 1550 N. School Stockton (209) Kennedy Elementary School Suzanne Anderson, Principal 630 Ponce de Leon Stockton (209) Pulliam Elementary School Vendetta Brown, Principal 230 Presidio Way Stockton (209) Bush Elementary School Sylvia Ulmer, Principal 5420 Fred Russo Drive Stockton (209) Hong Kingston Elementary School Ruben Garza, Principal 6324 Alturas Avenue Stockton (209) Kohl Open School Bud West, Principal 4115 N. Crown Stockton (209) Rio Calaveras Elementary School Barbara Miller, Principal 1819 E. Bianchi Road Stockton (209) Valenzuela Elementary School Margarito Ortega, Principal 52 W. Benjamin Holt Drive Stockton (209) High Schools Cesar Chavez High School William Nelson, Acting Principal 2929 Windflower Stockton (209) Walton Special Center Thomas Whitesides, Principal 4131 N. Crown Avenue Stockton (209) Stagg High School Jessica Anderson, Principal 1621 Brookside Road Stockton (209) Institute of Business Management & Law at Humphreys College Bill Parks, Principal 6650 Inglewood Avenue Stockton, CA (209) Moses Rodgers Virtual Academy Jo Knickebocker, Administrator 302 W. Weber Avenue Stockton, CA (209) Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

84 SCHOOLS IN STOCKTON WATER SERVICE AREA LODI UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Elementary and Middle Schools Ansel Adams Elementary School Patti Morone, Principal 9275 Glacier Point Drive Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 2004 Creekside Elementary School Vernon Renwanz, Principal 2515 Estate Drive Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1986 John Muir Elementary School Virginia Medford, Principal 2303 Whistler Way Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1994 Manlio Silva Elementary School Dan Faith, Principal 6250 Scott Creek Drive Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 2005 Parklane Elementary School Princetta Purkins, Principal 8405 Tam O'Shanter Drive Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1978 Wagner Holt Elementary School Janet Rogers, Principal 8778 Brattle Place Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1989 Christa McAuliffe Middle School Randy Malandro, Principal 3880 Iron Canyon Circle Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 2004 Clairmont Elementary School Susan Hitchcock, Principal 8282 Lemans Avenue Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1985 George Lincoln Mosher Elementary School Harold Brown, Principal 3220 Buddy Holly Drive Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 2006 Julia Morgan Elementary School Linda Kapic, Principal 3777 A.G. Spanos Boulevard Stockton, CA (209) Oakwood Elementary School Cynthia Cooksey, Principal 1315 Woodcreek Way Stockton, CA (209) Sutherland Elementary Allison Gerrity, Principal 550 Spring River Drive Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1992 Westwood Elementary School Patty Sasaki, Principal 9444 Caywood Drive. Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1990 Delta Sierra Middle School Irene Outlaw, Principal 2255 Wagner Heights Road Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1988 Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan 2

85 SCHOOLS IN STOCKTON WATER SERVICE AREA LODI UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT High Schools Bear Creek High School Daryl Camp, Principal Thornton Road Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1991 Plaza Robles High School Bill Toledo, Principal 9434 Thornton Road Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1993 Middle College High School Sherry Balian, Principal 5151 Pacific Avenue Holt 208 Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 2000 Ronald McNair High School Jim Davis, Principal 9550 Ronald E. McNair Way Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 2005 MANTECA UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT August Knodt Elementary School Frank Souza, Principal 3939 EWS Woods Blvd. Stockton, CA (209) George Komure Elementary School 2121 Henry Long Blvd. Stockton, CA (209) Great Valley Annex (grades 6-8) 4550 Star Way Stockton, CA (209) , Ext French Camp School Joanne Balestreri, Principal 241 E. 4th Street French Camp, CA (209) Great Valley Elementary School (grades K-5) 4223 McDougald Blvd. Stockton, CA (209) Weston Ranch High School Clara Schmiedt, Principal 4606 McCuen Avenue Stockton, CA (209) Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

86 SCHOOLS IN STOCKTON WATER SERVICE AREA LINCOLN UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Elementary and Middle Schools Brookside (K-8) Maureen Oechel, Principal 2962 Brookside Road Stockton, CA (209) Don Riggio (K-8) Joan Calonico, Principal 3110 Brookside Road Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1992 Lincoln Elementary (K-6) Scott Tatum, Principal 818 West Lincoln Road Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1950 Claudia Landeen (K-8) Pam Warman, Principal 4128 Feather River Drive Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1984 John R. Williams (K-8) Robert Bordner, Principal 2450 Meadow Avenue Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1957 Mable Barron (K-8) Ellen Wehrs, Principal 6835 Cumberland Place Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1975 Sierra Middle School (7-8) Terry Asplund, Principal 6768 Alexandria Place Stockton, CA (209) High Schools Lincoln High School (9-12) Debbi Holmerud, Principal 6844 Alexandria Place Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1952 Sture Larsson High School Phyllis Kahl, Principal 1813 McClellan Way Stockton, CA (209) Year built: 1974 Independent Learning Center Debbi Holmerud, Principal 6844 Alexandria Place Stockton, CA (209) Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan 4

87 APPENDI C COMPARABLE CONSERVATION PROGRAM ELEMENTS

88

89 Charlie Pike and Associates, Water Resources Consultant January 5, Los Puentes Road, Newcastle, California Telephone: Fax To: Courtney Malcolm Water Conservation Coordinator City of Stockton Utilities Department From: Charlie Pike Charlie Pike &Associates Subject: Methods to evaluate change in customer water use Per your request of December 27, 2007, this memo provides recommendations how to evaluate the effectiveness of water conservation efforts in the COSMUD service area. These methods should replace the past method which compared current water use against 1987 data using residential equivalent units. Graphic examples from several utilities relate distribution system water supply to population served and number of accounts served. Tables quantify water savings from individual efficiency measures. The Background section explains why the 1987 Residential Equivalent Unit method is no longer appropriate. Background Water utility, wastewater utility and stormwater discharge planners sometimes use the Residential Equivalent Unit (sometimes called Equivalent Residential Unit ) to forecast water use, wastewater discharge or stormwater discharge in proposed urban developments. The units compare the volume of water consumed by a standard residential customer with the volume of water consumed by different types of customers (e.g. single family residences, apartment units, different types of commercial businesses and industries). Some communities use these units as a basis of utility capacity fees charged to customers. Each community or planning effort defines the unit volumes that are appropriate for the subject area during the planning period. Since 1987, COSMUD s water savings/consumption reports have compared current water demand to 1987 water demand. Both the current and 1987 used the same water use ratios (comparative values) for various customer types based on meter size. Twenty years have past, and the ratios for Residential Equivalent Unit values of 1987 are outdated. The changes are due in part to: Effective in 1992, plumbing code changes reduced the water volume permitted by faucets, toilets, and showers in residential and commercial structures.

90 Courtney Malcolm January 5, 2008 Page 2 The people per dwelling unit have changed as has the population of the service area. Newer dwelling units have more bathrooms and different dishwashers, ice cube makers, clothes washers, dishwashers, lifestyles, and automated irrigation systems. Parcel sizes and irrigated landscape area have changed. Commercial and industrial customers have new products and services with different water requirements. Examples of Methods to Evaluate Water Conservation Effectiveness Santa Clara Valley Water District The 2004 Santa Clara County Residential Water Use Baseline Study uses the following market penetration parameters to indicate effectiveness of water efficiency measures: percent of customers (by customer type) that employ specific indoor water efficient plumbing fixture types and appliances; percent of customers (by customer type) that employ specific landscape irrigation methods and the effectiveness of irrigation systems; percent of single family and multi family customers that were aware of regional and local water conservation programs. Water use Efficiency Program Annual Report FY displays charts comparing energy Savings and carbon dioxide reductions from water efficiency measures on an annual basis. With data needs similar to the Water Forum s per capita water use, SCVWD s From Watts to Water provides the following chart of population and water use by year.

91 Courtney Malcolm January 5, 2008 Page 3 Contra Costa Water District In the Water Conservation FY2006Year End Report provides the following table and chart depicting water conservation accomplishments.

92 Courtney Malcolm January 5, 2008 Page 4 East Bay Municipal Utility District Conserving Water Recycling 2007 Annual Report provides these indicators of water savings: A Summary of EBMUD Programs and Results in Promoting Urban Water Use Efficiency provides the following approach: Proposed City of Stockton Water Conservation Program Section 7.4 Measuring Program Effectiveness recommends six quantitative effectiveness measures be initially used for each conservation measure: 1. Count the number of customer rebates issued 2. Count the number of different accounts/customers participating

93 Courtney Malcolm January 5, 2008 Page 5 3. Estimate water savings for the reporting period 4. Estimate cumulative water savings since the program began 5. Count the value of rebates issued for the reporting period 6. Count the value of rebates issued since the program began Recommended Methods to Evaluate Water Conservation Effectiveness The methods used by EBMUD, Contra Costa WD and SCVWD all use similar measures for overall annual water savings comparison. The methods for individual efficiency measures use the same data as the recommendations in the Stockton Water Conservation Plan. Overviews may compare: annual total water supply against the number of accounts or the population living in the service area (expressed as gallons per capita day). These are illustrated in the charts Stockton Water Utility Water Supplied versus Active Accounts and Stockton Water Utility Supplies versus Gallons per Capita Day. Stockton Water Utility Water Supplied versus Active Accounts 14,000 48,000 12,000 46,000 Million Gallons 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 Total MG # active accounts ,000 42,000 40,000 38,000 36,000 Active Accounts Note: The dip in 2005 water supplies corresponds to the cool wet months of May and June 2005 when less irrigation water was used. Stockton Water Utility Supplies versus Gallons per Capita Day 14, MillionGallons 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 Total MG Gallons per Capita Day Gallonsper Personper Day

94 Courtney Malcolm January 5, 2008 Page 6 Both illustrations indicate increasing customer water use over time. The Gallons per Capita Day chart shows water produced for the all residential, commercial landscape and industrial customers. Meaningful subsets, such as isolating data for residential customers, can be used compare water use by participants and non-participants in specific residential programs. Improved water efficiency will be shown by declining gallons per capita day. These types of analysis rely on accurate data.

95 WATER UTILITIES USING TIERED RATE STRUCTURES SOME WATER UTILITIES USING TIERED RATE STRUCTURES BILLING CUSTOMERS WITH INCREASING TIERED (BLOCK) RATE STRUCTURES More than 500 water utilities in California serve more than 3,000 urban customers or provide at least 3,000 acre-feet of water per year to urban areas. These utilities use a variety of rate structures to recover the cost of obtaining water, treating the water to potable standards, and delivering the water to the customers. The Urban Water Management Planning Act requires water utilities to describe in the Urban Water Management Plans the conservation pricing measures utilized by water utilities. The California Urban Water Conservation Council BMP 11 Retail Conservation Pricing promotes water conserving retail water rate structures. BMP 11 defines the following: In addition to volumetric rate(s), conservation pricing may also include one or more of the following other charges: 1) Service connection charges designed to recover the separable costs of adding new customers to the water distribution system. 2) Monthly or bimonthly meter/service charges to recover costs unrelated to the volume of water delivered or new service connections and to ensure system revenue sufficiency. 3) Special rates and charges for temporary service, fire protection service, and other irregular services provided by the utility. The following volumetric rate designs are potentially consistent with the above definition: 1) Uniform rate in which the volumetric rate is constant regardless of the quantity consumed. 2) Seasonal rates in which the volumetric rate reflects seasonal variation in water delivery costs. 3) Tiered rates in which the volumetric rate increases as the quantity used increases. 4) Allocation-based rates in which the consumption tiers and respective volumetric rates are based on water use norms and water delivery costs established by the utility. Note that declining block rates are not included and are not considered conservation pricing. Concerning Proposition 218, CUWCC BMP 11 states that: The Council considers the conservation principles of BMP 11 to be compatible with the cost of service requirements of Proposition 218. However, should a case arise in which a Water Agency s good faith efforts were unable to meet BMP 11 s requirements due to legal constraints (e.g., Proposition 218), this would be grounds for exemption, as specified in MOU Section Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

96 WATER UTILITIES USING TIERED RATE STRUCTURES The table below provides a brief sample of water utilities that charge fees based on a volumetric water rate structured with increasing block (tiered) rates. The table shows the number of blocks for single-family residences and for commercial accounts. Water Utility Name Number of Blocks for SFR Accounts Number of Blocks for Commercial Accounts Atascadero Mutual Water Co. 4 4 Bear Valley Community Services District 5 4 Bella Vista WD 3 3 Camrosa Water District 2 1 Casitas Municipal Water District 3 1 City of Benicia 3 2 City of Brentwood 4 2 City of Davis, Public Works 2 2 City of Fountain Valley 2 2 City of Fullerton 3 1 City of Hayward 3 3 City of Hollister 3 3 City of Manteca 3 3 City of Mountain View 3 3 City of Oceanside, Water Dept. 2 1 City of Ontario 2 2 City of Oxnard 3 3 City of Palo Alto 2 1 City of Pasadena 3 3 City of Patterson 3 1 City of Petaluma 3 1 City of Redwood City 5 2 City of Roseville 2 1 City of Sanger 5 5 City of Sonoma 3 1 El Dorado Irrigation District 3 3 Orangevale Water Co. 3 2 Placer County Water Agency 5 2 Rancho California Water District 2 2 Solano/Suisun WA 4 1 Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan 2

97 NORTHERN CALIFORNIA WATER AGENCIES OFFERING WATER EFFICIENCY REBATES PARTIAL LIST OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA WATER AGENCIES OFFERING WATER EFFICIENCY REBATES IN 2007 A brief survey of Northern California public and investor-owned water utilities identified 68 utilities that provide rebates and/or credits to customers. This survey responded to possible concerns that rebates to customers may run contrary to the concepts prohibiting gifts of public funds. The rebates were funded by local revenue and grants. Rebate funding sources: D = California DWR grant L = Local funds B = USBR grants S = Sacramento County Regional Sanitation District = source unknown Water Utility Toilets Urinals Residential Clothes Washers Commercial Clothes Washers Landscape Irrigation Sacramento Regional County Sanitation District S, L California American Water Co. S, L Citrus Heights Water District S, L Golden State Water Company S, L Fair Oaks Water District S, L City of Folsom S, L City of Sacramento S, L Rio Linda/Elverta Community Water District S, L Sacramento County Water Agency S, L Sacramento Suburban Water District S, L San Juan Water District S, L Placer County Water Agency B, L El Dorado Irrigation District L L Alameda County Water District D, L Brisbane D, L California Water Service D, L City of Benecia D, L City of Brentwood D, L City of Cotati D, L City of Davis D, L City of Dixon City of Fairfield D, L 1 Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

98 NORTHERN CALIFORNIA WATER AGENCIES OFFERING WATER EFFICIENCY REBATES Water Utility Toilets Urinals Residential Clothes Washers Commercial Clothes Washers Landscape Irrigation City of Livermore D, L City of Milpitas D, L City of Morgan Hill D, L City of Mountain View D, L City of Palo Alto D, L City of Petaluma D, L City of Pleasanton D, L City of Purissima Hills D, L City of Rohnert Park D, L City of Santa Clara D, L City of Santa Rosa D, L City of Sonoma D, L City of Suisun City D, L City of Sunnyvale D, L City of Vacaville D, L City of Vallejo D, L Coastside County Water District D, L Contra Costa Water District D, L Daly City D, L Dublin San Ramon Services District D, L East Bay Municipal Utility District L D, L East Palo Alto D, L Estero Municipal Improvement District D, L Forestville Water District D, L Gilroy Community Services District D, L Great Oaks Water Company D, L Hayward D, L Hillsborough D, L Marin Municipal Water District L D, L Menlo Park D, L Mid-Peninsula Water District D, L Millbrae D, L North Coast County Water District D, L North Marin Water District D, L Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan 2

99 NORTHERN CALIFORNIA WATER AGENCIES OFFERING WATER EFFICIENCY REBATES Water Utility Toilets Urinals Residential Clothes Washers Commercial Clothes Washers Landscape Irrigation Redwood City D, L San Bruno D, L San Francisco Public Utilities Commission L D, L San Jose Municipal Services District D, L San Jose Water Company D, L Santa Clara Valley Water District L D, L Solano Water Agency D, L Sonoma County Water Agency D, L Sonoma Valley County Sanitation District Valley of the Moon Water District D, L Windsor, Town of Zone 7 Water Agency D, L 3 Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

100

101 Assembly Bill No CHAPTER 628 An act to amend Sections and of, and to add Section to, the Water Code, relating to water. [Approved by Governor October 13, Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2007.] legislative counsel s digest AB 1420, Laird. Water demand management measures: water management grant or loan funds. (1) Existing law requires an urban water supplier to prepare and adopt an urban water management plan that includes a description of the supplier s water demand management measures that are currently being implemented or scheduled for implementation. Existing law requires the Department of Water Resources to take into consideration whether the urban water supplier is implementing or has scheduled for implementation the water demand management activities that the supplier identified in its urban water management plan in evaluating applications for grants and loans financed by specified bond funds. This bill would delete that provision relating to the evaluation of grant or loan applications financed by those specified bond funds. The bill, instead, would require the terms of, and eligibility for, any water management grant or loan made to an urban water supplier and awarded or administered by the department, the State Water Resources Control Board, or the California Bay-Delta Authority, with certain exceptions, to be conditioned on the implementation of the water demand management measures described in the urban water management plan, as determined by the department. The department would be required to convene an independent panel to provide information and recommendations to the department and the Legislature on new demand management measures, technologies, and approaches. The department would be required to identify in a specified report submitted to the Legislature water demand management measures that achieve water savings significantly above the levels established by the department to meet the requirements discussed above. (2) This bill would incorporate additional changes to Section of the Water Code proposed by SB 862, to be operative only if this bill and SB 862 are both enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2008, and this bill is enacted last. 90

102 Ch The people of the State of California do enact as follows: SECTION 1. The Legislature finds and declares all of the following: (a) Increased urban water conservation has the potential to result in significant annual water savings statewide, and therefore can play a fundamental role in promoting sustainable and reliable water supplies statewide. (b) The California Water Plan as updated in 2005 supports water use efficiency as a foundational action to ensure sustainable water uses. SEC. 2. Section of the Water Code is amended to read: (a) (1) Beginning January 1, 2009, the terms of, and eligibility for, a water management grant or loan made to an urban water supplier and awarded or administered by the department, state board, or California Bay-Delta Authority or its successor agency shall be conditioned on the implementation of the water demand management measures described in Section 10631, as determined by the department pursuant to subdivision (b). (2) For the purposes of this section, water management grants and loans include funding for programs and projects for surface water or groundwater storage, recycling, desalination, water conservation, water supply reliability, and water supply augmentation. This funding includes, but is not limited to, funds made available pursuant to Section of the Public Resources Code. (3) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the department shall determine that an urban water supplier is eligible for a water management grant or loan even though the supplier is not implementing all of the water demand management measures described in Section 10631, if the urban water supplier has submitted to the department for approval a schedule, financing plan, and budget, to be included in the grant or loan agreement, for implementation of the water demand management measures. The supplier may request grant or loan funds to implement the water demand management measures to the extent the request is consistent with the eligibility requirements applicable to the water management funds. (4) (A) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the department shall determine that an urban water supplier is eligible for a water management grant or loan even though the supplier is not implementing all of the water demand management measures described in Section 10631, if an urban water supplier submits to the department for approval documentation demonstrating that a water demand management measure is not locally cost effective. If the department determines that the documentation submitted by the urban water supplier fails to demonstrate that a water demand management measure is not locally cost effective, the department shall notify the urban water supplier and the agency administering the grant or loan program within 120 days that the documentation does not satisfy the requirements for an exemption, and include in that notification a detailed statement to support the determination. 90

103 3 Ch. 628 (B) For purposes of this paragraph, not locally cost effective means that the present value of the local benefits of implementing a water demand management measure is less than the present value of the local costs of implementing that measure. (b) (1) The department, in consultation with the state board and the California Bay-Delta Authority or its successor agency, and after soliciting public comment regarding eligibility requirements, shall develop eligibility requirements to implement the requirement of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a). In establishing these eligibility requirements, the department shall do both of the following: (A) Consider the conservation measures described in the Memorandum of Understanding Regarding Urban Water Conservation in California, and alternative conservation approaches that provide equal or greater water savings. (B) Recognize the different legal, technical, fiscal, and practical roles and responsibilities of wholesale water suppliers and retail water suppliers. (2) (A) For the purposes of this section, the department shall determine whether an urban water supplier is implementing all of the water demand management measures described in Section based on either, or a combination, of the following: (i) Compliance on an individual basis. (ii) Compliance on a regional basis. Regional compliance shall require participation in a regional conservation program consisting of two or more urban water suppliers that achieves the level of conservation or water efficiency savings equivalent to the amount of conservation or savings achieved if each of the participating urban water suppliers implemented the water demand management measures. The urban water supplier administering the regional program shall provide participating urban water suppliers and the department with data to demonstrate that the regional program is consistent with this clause. The department shall review the data to determine whether the urban water suppliers in the regional program are meeting the eligibility requirements. (B) The department may require additional information for any determination pursuant to this section. (3) The department shall not deny eligibility to an urban water supplier in compliance with the requirements of this section that is participating in a multiagency water project, or an integrated regional water management plan, developed pursuant to Section of the Public Resources Code, solely on the basis that one or more of the agencies participating in the project or plan is not implementing all of the water demand management measures described in Section (c) In establishing guidelines pursuant to the specific funding authorization for any water management grant or loan program subject to this section, the agency administering the grant or loan program shall include in the guidelines the eligibility requirements developed by the department pursuant to subdivision (b). 90

104 Ch (d) Upon receipt of a water management grant or loan application by an agency administering a grant and loan program subject to this section, the agency shall request an eligibility determination from the department with respect to the requirements of this section. The department shall respond to the request within 60 days of the request. (e) The urban water supplier may submit to the department copies of its annual reports and other relevant documents to assist the department in determining whether the urban water supplier is implementing or scheduling the implementation of water demand management activities. In addition, for urban water suppliers that are signatories to the Memorandum of Understanding Regarding Urban Water Conservation in California and submit biennial reports to the California Urban Water Conservation Council in accordance with the memorandum, the department may use these reports to assist in tracking the implementation of water demand management measures. SEC. 3. Section is added to the Water Code, to read: The department, in consultation with the California Urban Water Conservation Council, shall convene an independent technical panel to provide information and recommendations to the department and the Legislature on new demand management measures, technologies, and approaches. The panel shall consist of no more than seven members, who shall be selected by the department to reflect a balanced representation of experts. The panel shall have at least one, but no more than two, representatives from each of the following: retail water suppliers, environmental organizations, the business community, wholesale water suppliers, and academia. The panel shall be convened by January 1, 2009, and shall report to the Legislature no later than January 1, 2010, and every five years thereafter. The department shall review the panel report and include in the final report to the Legislature the department s recommendations and comments regarding the panel process and the panel s recommendations. SEC. 4. Section of the Water Code is amended to read: (a) An urban water supplier shall submit to the department, the California State Library, and any city or county within which the supplier provides water supplies a copy of its plan no later than 30 days after adoption. Copies of amendments or changes to the plans shall be submitted to the department, the California State Library, and any city or county within which the supplier provides water supplies within 30 days after adoption. (b) The department shall prepare and submit to the Legislature, on or before December 31, in the years ending in six and one, a report summarizing the status of the plans adopted pursuant to this part. The report prepared by the department shall identify the exemplary elements of the individual plans. The department shall provide a copy of the report to each urban water supplier that has submitted its plan to the department. The department shall also prepare reports and provide data for any legislative hearings designed to consider the effectiveness of plans submitted pursuant to this part. 90

105 5 Ch. 628 (c) (1) For the purpose of identifying the exemplary elements of the individual plans, the department shall identify in the report those water demand management measures adopted and implemented by specific urban water suppliers, and identified pursuant to Section 10631, that achieve water savings significantly above the levels established by the department to meet the requirements of Section (2) The department shall distribute to the panel convened pursuant to Section the results achieved by the implementation of those water demand management measures described in paragraph (1). (3) The department shall make available to the public the standard the department will use to identify exemplary water demand management measures. SEC. 5. Section of the Water Code is amended to read: (a) An urban water supplier shall submit to the entities listed in subdivision (b) a copy of its plan no later than 30 days after adoption. Copies of amendments or changes to the plans shall be submitted to the entities listed in subdivision (b) within 30 days after adoption. (b) An urban water supplier shall file a copy of its plan and amendments or changes with each of the following entities: (1) The department. (2) Any city or county within which the urban water supplier provides water supplies. (3) Any groundwater management entity within which the urban water supplier extracts or provides water supplies. (4) Any agricultural water supplier within which district the urban water supplier provides water supplies. (5) Any city or county library within which district the urban water supplier provides water supplies. (6) The California State Library. (7) Any local agency formation commission within which county the urban water supplier provides water supplies. (c) The department shall prepare and submit to the Legislature, on or before December 31, in the years ending in six or one, a report summarizing the status of the plans adopted pursuant to this part. The report prepared by the department shall identify the exemplary elements of the individual plans. The department shall provide a copy of the report to each urban water supplier that has submitted its plan to the department. The department shall also prepare reports and provide data for any legislative hearings designed to consider the effectiveness of plans submitted pursuant to this part. (d) (1) For the purpose of identifying the exemplary elements of the individual plans, the department shall identify in the report those water demand management measures adopted and implemented by specific urban water suppliers, and identified pursuant to Section 10631, that achieve water savings significantly above the levels established by the department to meet the requirements of Section

106 Ch (2) The department shall distribute to the panel convened pursuant to Section the results achieved by the implementation of those water demand management measures described in paragraph (1). (3) The department shall make available to the public the standard the department will use to identify exemplary water demand management measures. SEC. 6. Section 5 of this bill incorporates amendments to Section of the Water Code proposed by both this bill and SB 862. It shall only become operative if (1) both bills are enacted and become effective on or before January 1, 2008, (2) each bill amends Section of the Water Code, and (3) this bill is enacted after SB 862, in which case Section 4 of this bill shall not become operative. O 90

107 APPENDI D WATER-EFFICIENT HARDWARE AND VENDORS

108

109 RETAILERS AND SERVICE PROVIDERS Irrigation Design Landscape Maintenance Laundry Coin Op Clothes Washers Toilets Irrigation Systems Plant Materials Name Store ID Stockton Area Appliance Dealers - Clothes Washers Location Street City Zip Contact Person Telephone Fax y y y y Home Depot Feather River Dr. Stockton (209) Y Y Y Y Home Depot E Hammer Lane Stockton (209) Y Y Y Y Home Depot Commerce Ave. Manteca Y Best Buy 5400 Pacific Ave. Stockton (209) Y Risso Electric Inc Palm Ave. Stockton (209) Target A-Appliance Repair Co Quail Lakes Dr. Stockton (209) Y All Star Maytag Home Appliance Center 1010 W. Hammer Lane Stockton (209) Y All Star Maytag Home Appliance Center 127 W. Louise Ave. Manteca (209) Y Center Appliance 2001 N. Main St. Manteca (209) Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

110 RETAILERS AND SERVICE PROVIDERS Irrigation Design Landscape Maintenance Laundry Coin Op Clothes Washers Toilets Irrigation Systems Plant Materials Name Store ID Stockton Area Appliance Dealers - Clothes Washers Location Street City Zip Contact Person Telephone Fax Roterts A C & Appliance Repair 1806 W Fremont St. Stockton (209) ? AR & Associates (209) ? California Builder Distributors (800) Y Central Valley Appliance Lower Sacramento Rd. Stockton (209) Y Y Y Y Lowe s Trinity Parkway Stockton (209) (209) Y Y Y Y Lowe s East Hammer Lane Stockton (209) (209) Y Y Y Y Lowe s S. Lower Sacramento Rd. Lodi (209) (209) Y Sears Roebuck 1305 W. Yosemite Ave. Manteca (209) Y Sears Roebuck W. Armstrong Road Stockton (866) Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan 2

111 RETAILERS AND SERVICE PROVIDERS Irrigation Design Landscape Maintenance Laundry Coin Op Clothes Washers Toilets Irrigation Systems Plant Materials Name Store ID Stockton Area Appliance Dealers - Clothes Washers Location Street City Zip Contact Person Telephone Fax Y The Appliance Doctor 817 W. Fremont Street Stockton (209) Y Kim s Wash Time 8118 West Lane Stockton (209) Y Thrifty Wash 707 E. March Lane Stockton (209) Y T Coin and Laundry 8626 Lower Sacramento Rd. Stockton (209) Kelly's Plumbing Showroom 925 N. Wilson Way Stockton (800) Pinasco's Plumbing Supply 1650 E. Main St. Stockton (209) Orchard Supply Hardware 1015 W. Hammer Lane Stockton (209) Kelly's Kitchen & Bath Showroom 925 N. Wilson Way Stockton (209) Ferguson 1705 N. Broadway Ave. Stockton (209) Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

112 RETAILERS AND SERVICE PROVIDERS Irrigation Design Landscape Maintenance Laundry Coin Op Clothes Washers Toilets Irrigation Systems Plant Materials Name Store ID Stockton Area Appliance Dealers - Clothes Washers Location Street City Zip Contact Person Telephone Fax Miracle Method Bathroom & Kitchen Stockton (209) Valley Lumber & Supply Co S. Center Stockton (209) Country Club Hardware 1939 Country Club Blvd. Stockton (209) Central Valley Hardware Co 924 E Church St. Stockton (209) Finish Hardware Solutions 7251-C E. Dixon St. Stockton (916) J. Milano Co. 910 W. Charter Way Stockton (209) Ace Hardware of Stockton 3201 W Benjamin Holt Dr. Stockton (209) Meek's Lumber & Hardware 2050 West Lane Stockton (209) Western Tool Supply 3202 Waterloo Rd. Stockton (209) SCN Corp. 714 N. El Dorado St. Stockton (209) Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan 4

113 RETAILERS AND SERVICE PROVIDERS Irrigation Design Landscape Maintenance Laundry Coin Op Clothes Washers Toilets Irrigation Systems Plant Materials Name Store ID Stockton Area Appliance Dealers - Clothes Washers Location Street City Zip Contact Person Telephone Fax Central Door Co. 474 S Aurora St. Stockton (209) Fastenal Co Cherokee Rd. Stockton (209) Fastenal Co W Fremont St. Stockton (209) Harbor Freight Tools USA Inc Waterloo Rd. #4 Stockton (209) Fremont Ace Hardware 2060 E. Fremont St. Stockton (209) Hisco 536 S Aurora St. Stockton (209) Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

114

115 QUALIFYING CLOTHES WASHERS QUALIFYING CLOTHES WASHERS 1 Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

116 QUALIFYING CLOTHES WASHERS Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan 2

117 QUALIFYING CLOTHES WASHERS 3 Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

118

119 QUALIFYING HIGH-EFFICIENCY TOILETS QUALIFYING HIGH-EFFICIENCY TOILETS 1 Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan

120 QUALIFYING HIGH-EFFICIENCY TOILETS Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan 2

121 QUALIFYING HIGH-EFFICIENCY TOILETS Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan 3

122 QUALIFYING HIGH-EFFICIENCY TOILETS Water Conservation Program and Project Management Plan 4

123 Purchase Information WaterSmart irrigation controllers may be purchased only from these sources: Note: For better assistance, identify yourself as an EBMUD customer when you contact suppliers. Ewing Irrigation Hunter Toro Weathermatic 2462 Polvorosa Ave. San Leandro, CA Mike Clark Sierra Lane Dublin, CA Mike Vivo Buchanan Circle Concord, CA Larry Rosetti Horizon Irrigation Hunter Irritrol Weathermatic 1880 Arnold Industrial Place Concord, CA Leeanna Schoeder Regional Street Dublin, CA Dave Vonheeder The Urban Farmer Store ET Water Systems Hunter Irritrol Weathermatic 2121 San Joaquin St., Bldg. C Richmond, CA Sales staff Watersavers Irrigation Irritrol Weathermatic 1818 Arnold Industrial Place, Units E & F Concord, CA Mark Pennington Internet and Mail Order Aqua Conserve Available at Barbara Cline Qualifying WaterSmart Irrigation Controller Information HydroPoint - WeatherTRAK Available at Sharon Connelly , ext. 121 John Deere Landscapes Hunter Irritrol Weathermatic 130-A South Buchanan Circle Pacheco, CA Marvin McCormick Effective July 1, /

124 EBMUD WaterSmart Irrigation Controller Program Qualifying Products Note: For better assistance, identify yourself as an EBMUD customer when you contact suppliers Manufacturer Recommended Professional Installers and Contact Information Aqua Conserve ET Water Systems Hunter ET- Residential Pro Pack ET- Commercial ET- Ultimo Smart Controller 100 Smart Controller 200 EBMUD Qualifying WaterSmart Irrigation Controller Model Name 1 ET System requires Hunter controller $264 - $394 $477 - $3,744 $476 - $590 $773 - $1,963 $429 - $858 WaterSmart Irrigation Controller Cost 2 6 to 14 8 to 32 $1,473 - $6, to 66 9 to to 48 3 to 48 Number of Stations 3 Helpful Scheduling Engine 4 Web Interface for Programing Required 5 How controller obtains weather information Communicates with Off-site Weather Station 6 Subscription Fee Required 7 On-site Sensor Required 8 Outdoor / Indoor Model 9 I 0 / I 0 / I 0 / I 0 / I 0 / I Option to Retrofit Existing Automatic Timer 10 Hand-held Remote Option at Additional Cost 11 Flow Sensor Option Available Footnotes 1) For product test results visit Click on: SWAT / Program and Links / Performance Reports 2) The cost of models typically depends on number of stations. 3) A station operates a set of sprinklers (or drip) in a specific area of your landscape. A sprinkler timer typically has 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 or more stations. Purchase a new controller with at least as many stations as your existing timer. 4) Instead of traditional standard programming, customer enters factors including plant and irrigation system type and sun/shade conditions. WaterSmart irrigation controller then determines irrigation schedule automatically. 5) Customer programs and monitors controller via website. Enter landscape description and system sets correct schedule. 6) Local weather information is stored on manufacturer s computer server and sent to your controller via paging signal or via the Web. 7) A nominal annual subscription fee is charged to send weather information to your controller. HydroPoint-WeatherTRAK ext 121 WeatherTRAK ET Plus WeatherTRAK ET Pro 2 $350 - $600 $995 - $2,575 6 to to 48 Optional 0 / I 0 / I 8) Controllers using an on-site weather sensor adjust watering requirements to actual site weather conditions. 9) Outdoor models can be installed both indoors and outdoors. Indoor models can only be installed indoors. Request indoor or outdoor model when ordering. Irritrol Smart Dial $399 - $889 6 to 24 0 / I 10) Contact WaterSmart manufacturer to determine if the panel in your existing automatic sprinkler timer can be retrofitted to a WaterSmart irrigation controller. This option may be more affordable and convenient to install. Toro Intelli-Sense $239 - $533 6 to 24 0 / I 11) Hand-held device allows customer to turn on each station to test for leaks or breaks in system while walking through the landscape. Note: Hand-held devices are not eligible for WaterSmart irrigation controller voucher. Weathermatic Smartline 800 with W10 Weather Station Smartline 1600 with W10 Weather Station $210 - $245 $252 - $504 4 to 8 I 4 to 24 0 / I Disclaimer EBMUD does not warrant any smart controller or installation to be free of defects, the quality of workmanship, or the suitability of the premises for the smart controller installation. Customer agrees to hold harmless EBMUD, its directors, officers, and employees, against all loss, damage, expense and liability resulting from the loss, destruction or damage to property arising out of or in any way connected with, purchase, installation and use of a smart controller. Customer has read, understands and agrees to the terms and conditions listed on the EBMUD WaterSmart Irrigation Controller Program application. Customer understands that installation of a qualifying smart controller may not result in lower water bills. EBMUD reserves the right to add or remove eligible smart controllers from the list or change the terms of the incentive offer at any time EBMUD. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

125 SMART REBATES PROGRAM P.O. Box 1320 El Segundo, CA Phone: LO-FLUSH Fax: LIST OF QUALIFYING WATERBROOMS Offer good on purchases made between March 1, 2007 thru September 30, 2008 or until rebate funds are depleted, whichever comes first. The following is a list of devices that qualify as of March 1, Manufacturer Watermiser Watermiser Watermiser Watermiser Model Number HDI-21 HDI-31 HDI-36 HDI-46 For more information on how to purchase Watermiser pressurized waterbrooms, contact: JV Mfg, Inc. San Marcos, CA P F The California Urban Water Conservation Council and participating water supply agencies do not guarantee materials or workmanship; acceptance of such is the customer s responsibility. v01/26/07