Willkommen zu allen स स व गतम

Transcription

1 Willkommen zu allen 1 स स व गतम

2 NEWS CLIPPINGS 2 1-APRIL Scarcity of water for thermal power projects is likely to affect electricity generation in Maharashtra in summer. The dipping lake levels might force the Maharashtra State Power Generation Company Limited (MahaGenco) to shut down a 250 mega watt (MW) set at the Paras thermal Power station in May. 2-In April 2010, lack of sufficient water in the Erai dam, which supplies water to the 2,340MW Chandrapur super thermal power station, had led to the partial shutdown of the plant, which had further compounded the power crisis in the state during summer

3 WRI HSBC Climate change 3 centre of Excellence Report OVER HEATING: Financial Risks from Water Constraints on Power Generation in Asia India, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam

4 WRI HSBC Report 4

5 Global Water Scenario

6 6 SUSTAINABLE USE OF WATER IN THERMAL POWER GENERATION Presentor-D Paul, AGM-MTP NTPC-UNCHAHAR Coauthor-Himanshu Chaturbedi, DGM-EEMG NTPC-UNCHAHAR

7 7 Outlines Introduction-Sustainability Global Water Scenario Indian Water Scenario Use of water in thermal power plant Methods of water conservation in power plant New technology for reduction of Fresh Water Initiatives for Water Conservation at NTPC Unchahar Roadmap for Water Sustainability Conclusion

8 8 Sustainability The earth, the air, the land and the water are not an inheritance from our fore fathers but on loan from our children. So we have to handover to them at least as it was handed over.. There is a sufficiency in the world for man s need but not for man s greed.. Mahatma Gandhi

9 9 Sustainable Development Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (WCED, 1987).

10 10 Sustainable Development Diagram indicating the relationship between the three pillars of sustainability suggesting that both economy and society are constrained by environmental limits

11 11 Sustainable Development Sustainable development is at the confluence of three constituent parts

12 12 Sustainable Development Achieving sustainability will enable the earth to continue supporting human life as we know it.

13 13 Sustainability It should not be like this

14 Sustainability 14 It should be

15 15 Water Sustainability Water sustainability by which water resources and water services are able to satisfy the changing demand placed on them, now and into the future, without system degradation (ASCE, 1999)

16 Falkenmark Water Stress Index 16 (m³ per Person per Year) S No Condition Range 1 Vulnerable Water Stressed Water Scarcity Absolute Scarcity India is likely to face Water Stress by 2025 and Water Scarcity by 2050

17 Population Water Cons 17 Declining Per Capita Water availability In 6000 India YEAR

18 Global Water Scenario 18

19 Global Water Distribution 19

20 GLOBAL WATER AVAILABILITY 20

21 21 GLOBAL WATER AVAILABILITY 70% Earth Surface covered with water Total water reserves: 1400 m Km³ 97.5% Water is salty 2.5% Water is fresh: (35 m Km³)

22 % GLOBAL POPULATION (GP) vs. FRESHWATER RESERVES (FWR) Asia Africa Australia, Oceania South America North America % of GP % of available FWR

23 23 CURRENT WATER USAGE Usage (%) World Europe Africa India Agriculture Industry Domestic

24 24 Industrial Water Productivity Country Industrial Water Use( Billion Cubic Meters) Industrial Productivity( Million US$) Industrial Water Productivity( US $ /Cubic meter ) Argentina Brazil India S Korea Norway Sweden Thailand U K

25 INDIAN WATER SCENARIO 25

26 WATER RESOURCES IN INDIA 26 Description Av. Annual Rainfall 1170 mm Total Available Water 4000 Billion m³ Water Losses 1047 Billion m³ Net Available Water 1953 Billion m³ - Surface water 1521 Billion m³ - Ground water 432 Billion m³ Net Utilisable Water 1123 Billion m³ - Surface water 728 Billion m³ - Ground water (Repl ) 395 Billion m³

27 Industrial Water Consumption in India 27

28 WATER DEMAND PROJECTION 28 Projected Water Demand MoWR standing sub committee ( Billion m³ ) NCIWRD Irrigation Domestic Industry Energy Other Total

29 Future Water Demand of Power 29 Sector

30 30 Water Use in Thermal Power Plant

31 31 Water Requirement in Thermal Power Plants 1. Cooling water for condenser and plant aux 2. Ash Handling system 3. Power cycle make up 4. Equipment cooling system 5. AC and ventilation system 6. Coal dust separation system 7. Service water system 8. Potable Water system 9. Gardening 10. Evaporation from raw water reservoir

32 32 Typical Range of Sp Water Consumption in Power Plant Power Plant Type Gas based power plants MW coal based thermal power plants MW coal based super thermal power plants MW coal based power plants with ash water recycling 660 MW coal based super thermal power plants with ash water recycling Range ( M3 /MW) MW coal based old power plants

33 Water Use by Typical Sub 33 Critical plant in India and Australia Sl No Water Consumption Water Consumption ( m 3 /Hr/MW) 1 Majority of coal plants(old) operating in India 2 Some more recent coal plants in India Typical Australian coal plant 1.9

34 USE OF WATER IN THERMAL 34 POWER GENERATION *Water for Ash handling is tapped from CW blow down water and not considered in consumptive water Area Consumption (m 3/ MW) Water use(%) Cooling Towers DM water Drinking &service Water Coal Dust suppression Clarifier sludge etc Total *Ash Handling 13

35 35 IMPACT ON BOTTOM LINE Source : NTPC Annual Reports

36 36 Methods of Water Conservation in Power Plant

37 Methods of Water Conservation in 37 Power Plant 1.Modification of Process & Parameters 2.Re-use 3.Regeneration & Reuse 4.Regeneration & Recycling 5.Other Methods

38 Methods of Water Conservation in 38 Power Plant 1.Modification of Processes and Parameters A - Once through to closed loop cooling system

39 Methods of Water Conservation in 39 Power Plant 1.Modification of Processes and Parameters B - Increasing Cycle of Concentration ( COC) -Normally designed for a COC of around 3. - COC of even 10 can be reached

40 Methods of Water Conservation in Power Plant 1.Modification of Processes and Parameters C -Dry or Hybrid cooling technology -Can be used in water scarce areas -There is a increase in capital costs and decrease of performance 40

41 41 New Air-Cooled Power Plants Worldwide Number of New Plants Built with Dry Cooling

42 Methods of Water Conservation in 42 Power Plant 1.Modification of Processes and Parameters D -Dry Ash Evacuation system - Use of High Conce Slurry Disposal (HCSD) for fly ash -Wet ash handling through slurry can also be shifted to dry ash handling by use of hydro bins where water is separated from the ash slurry within the plant and the dry lumps are conveyed to the ash dykes through conveyer belts

43 Methods of Water Conservation in 43 Power Plant 1.Modification of Processes and Parameters E- Optimizing Ash Water ratio Typical design of ash water ratios are around 1:5 for fly ash and 1:8 for bottom ash. However, the actual combined ash water ratios are found to be around1:20 or even more.

44 Methods of Water Conservation in 2-Reuse of water Power Plant Wastewater can be re-used directly in other operations provided the level of contamination from the previous process does not interface with the subsequent process 44

45 Methods of Water Conservation in 45 Power Plant 3-Regeneration and Reuse By Regeneration contamination can be removed partially and this water can be reused in other processes.

46 Methods of Water Conservation in 46 Power Plant 4- Regeneration and Recycle Regeneration Recycling refers to the situation where water is re-used in an operation through which it has already passed. In this case, the regeneration step must be capable of removing contaminants which build up in the system.

47 Methods of Water Conservation in 47 Power Plant 5-Other Methods Reducing drinking water consumption The per capita water consumption in township liter/day/person WHO norms of 115 liter/day/person A luxury in majority of the colonies. Lack of awareness.

48 Methods of Water Conservation in 48 5-Other Methods Power Plant Reducing leaks and over flows Leakages from valves, taps, fire fighting hoses, underground fire fighting lines, cooling tower basin, gardening hoses area also a source of water loss. Overflows from cooling towers of AC plants, and overhead tanks due to non-functioning of float systems are also a common feature in thermal power plants. There lies a possibility of reducing the water consumption by plugging the leakages

49 Methods of Water Conservation in 49 5-Other Methods Waste water recycling Power Plant The installation of wastewater treatment plants will enable recycling per cent of the wastewater generated which can be used for purposes like gardening, green belt development, dust suppression and fire fighting.

50 50 Latest Technology For reduction of Fresh Water In Power Plant

51 Innovation in Water Use in 51 Thermal Power Plant A-Innovative Water Reuse and Recovery - Water Recovery From Flue Gas

52 Innovation in Water Use in Thermal 52 Power Plant A-Innovative Water Reuse and Recovery - Use of Coal Drying to Reduce Water Consumed

53 Innovation in Water Use in 53 Thermal Power Plant B-Advanced cooling technology Improvement to Air2Air Technology to Reduce Freshwater Evaporative Cooling Loss

54 54 Initiatives for Water Conservation at NTPC Unchahar

55 Sustainable Use of Water at NTPC 55 Unchahar Replacement of Compressor Open Cycle Cooling System with Closed Cycle System Saving of Clarified water T/Hr.

56 Sustainable Use of Water at NTPC 56 Unchahar Reuse of stage II Crusher Cooling water Saving of Clarified water - 40 T/Hr.

57 Sustainable Use of Water at NTPC 57 Unchahar Reuse of AHP, ACC & Birla cooling water BEFORE

58 Sustainable Use of Water at NTPC 58 Unchahar Reuse of AHP, ACC & Birla cooling water AFTER Saving of Clarified Water -450 Ton /Hr

59 59 New Initiative at NTPC Unchahar

60 60 NEW INITIATVE AT UNCHAHAR Rain Water Harvesting -NTPC Unchahar falls under the area where average rainfall is ~ 800 mm per year -Commissioned first rainwater harvesting project three years back at administrative building. -In the process of implementing two new rain water harvesting project

61 61 NEW INITIATVE AT UNCHAHAR Replacement of outlived underground water lines -Underground leakages in fire and water lines -These lines are being replaced under R &M LWTP ( Liquid Waste Treatment Plant) -Functional since June Presently ~ 350 M3 / hr drain water for approx six hours is being treated and utilized in stage III Ash Handling Plant

62 62 NEW INITIATVE AT UNCHAHAR AWRS System -AWRS of ST-2 has been commissioned in 2012 and is under stabilization -AWRS of ST-I is under construction and expected to be commissioned in When these AWRS system will be fully operational further water use will be around 4.2 M 3 / MW

63 WATER CONSUMPTION ( Cusec) TREND OF WATER CONSUMPTION 63 REDUCTION AT NTPC UNCHAHAR Appox Aug-08 Dec-08 Jul-09 Jun-10 Nov-10 Dec-11 Mar-12 Mar-14 YEAR

64 64 Road Map for Water Sustainability

65 Road Map for Sustainability 65 (Actionable ) Once through cooling system should be changed to closed cycle system Wet ash handling system should be changed to dry system. Overflows should be recycled, leakages plugged, and wastewater reduced. Firefighting water must not be used for any other purpose. Township water supply has to be rationalized and supply and tariff norms to be set

66 Road Map for Sustainability 66 (Actionable ) For zero water discharge,wastewater is to be treated and recycled. Automation for flow measurement and water quality for MIS.

67 Roadmap for Sustainability 67 (Policy) Water audit should be made mandatory.because What is not measured,can not be controlled To improve water-use efficiency across industry, a central monitoring agency, viz., Bureau of Water Efficiency is to be set up in line with BEE. Agency should train and certify water auditors Water use standards for thermal power plant must be established considering economic and social viability Independent Water Regulators are to be appointed for water consumption and pricing in different sectors

68 CONCLUSION 68

69 CONCLUSION 69 Freshwater resources and reliable electrical energy are inextricably linked. Thermoelectric generation requires a sustainable, abundant, and predictable source of water. Power plants will increasingly compete for freshwater with the domestic, commercial, agricultural, & other industrial consumers. Due to capacity addition and size of NTPC, current technology needs should be further leveraged with state-of-the-art systems for recycling, reuse and reduction of water.

70 CONCLUSION 70 After tax audits & mandatory corporate social responsibility norms, the government is set to introduce mandatory water audit and yearly water footprint disclosures in annual reports. This will encourage Indian companies to adopt the best International practices on water use efficiency for Sustainable Growth. Access to water and water availability remains a key factor in ensuring the sustainable development of India. The efforts by NTPC UNCHAHAR to use this precious resource more efficiently are an integral part of the top management s commitment to sustainable development

71 71 THANK YOU D Paul AGM MTP dpal@ntpc.co.in Himanshu Chaturvedi DGM EEMG himanshuchaturvedi@ntpc.co.in NTPC UNCHAHAR