Impacts of Large-scale Renewable Integration on Power Grid and Energy Transition Dr. Liangzhong Yao

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1 Impacts of Large-scale Renewable Integration on Power Grid and Energy Transition Dr. Liangzhong Yao China Electric Power Research Institute The 15 th IERE General Meeting, Berlin, November

2 Power Generation Structure in China Coal and hydro-energy are main energy resources available at present and in the foreseeable future. Installed capacity constitution 2020

3 Characteristics of Energy Resources Distribution in China 2/3 of coal and wind and solar resources are located in North and Northwest. Over 2/3 of power demand concentrate in East and Central China. Northwest North China Northeast Centralized and massive exploitation of RE (in NW, NC, NE) Coal Tibet Hydropower Demand Center 4/5 of the hydro power resources are located in Southwest. Central China Southern Power Grid East China Onshore and offshore Wind & PV resources are far away from load centers Long distance transmission

4 Plan of Large Renewable Generation Development in China RE development strategy in the future: Centralization + Distribution. 9 large-scale wind power bases are under construction, each of them is with the capacity of more than 10GW. Some of them have been completed ahead of schedule. Wind:100GW PV : 20GW Wind:200GW PV : 47GW Large PV station Distributed PV 10GW (31.38GW) 10GW (11.67GW) 2020 年 Large PV station Distributed PV 20GW 27GW

5 Ultra High Voltage (UHV) Transmission Technologies for Renewables RE Transmission Technologies Ultra High Voltage (UHV) transmission means power transmission by AC 1000kV and DC±800kV or above. It has advantages of large capacity, long distance, low loss, and land saving. From a long run, using UHV transmission technology to achieve energy bulk transfer with very long distance and very big capacity is an inevitable trend in China.

6 Progress of Grid Reinforcement Using UHV Engineering Construction in Progress: - Completed 3 AC and 4 DC UHV projects - Delivered over 200TWh electricity in total Combinated transmission of wind power and thermal UHV AC UHV DC power Transmission of hydro power 3 AC and 4 DC UHV projects Projects AC1000kV Jindongnan-- Jimen DC±800kV Xiangjiaba- Shanghai DC±800kV Jinping-Sunan AC1000kV Huainan- Zhebei- Shanghai DC±800kV Haminan- Zhengzhou DC±800kV Xiluodu-Zhexi AC1000kV Zhebei- Fuzhou Length of line Conversion capacity AnnualCO2 emission reduction 640km 18GVA -- 1,907km 2,059km 2 649k m 2,210km 1,669km 2 603k m 12.8GW 14.4GW 26.0 million tons 32.4 million tons 21GVA -- 16GW 16GW Total 10988km 116.2GVA 40 million tons 34.0 million tons 18GVA million tons 09

7 HVDC Transmission Lines in China Total 23 HVDC projects (6 UHVDC, 3 B-T-B ) in operation (2014) 8 UHVDC/HVDC lines from hydro-plants in Southwest sending hydro-power over 2,000 km separately to the coast area of ECPG and SCPG Thermal Base 1800MW 2500MW 3000MW 7200MW 7 HVDC Terminals GW Hydro Power Base 9000MW 10000MW 2000MW 3000MW DC ±400~500kV DC ±660kV DC ±800kV Hydro plants 8 HVDC Terminals

8 Plan of UHV AC&DC Transmission Projects in China Build national UHV power grids: form a UHV AC backbone network and UHV DC transmission channels connecting large energy bases and load centers. Formed with more than 20 UHV lines and the cross region power transmission will reach 450GW China s plan for UHV grids by 2020 Illustration 1000kV A C ±800kV DC ±1100kV DC

9 The Vision of Central Asia-Europe Renewable Generation Transmission Using UHV Energy production and consumption need to be considered over larger scale, in order to ensure the security of supply Europe: Energy challenges (Stem from emission reduction, nuclear phasing out and sustainable growth) UHV DC for Asia-Europe intercontinental transmission for optimal renewable energy allocation: Key issues: Technical feasibility, Economic feasibility, Policies, etc Central Asia: Energy resources (Coal, gas, hydro, wind, solar)

10 The Vision of Intercontinental Interconnected Grid for Renewables Technical Feasibility: UHV technology can be used to implement the optimal energy resource allocation globally, particularly for renewables Phase1 Phase2 EU Grid Connector CN Grid Wind Solar Solar- Thermal Hydro

11 The Vision of Global Energy Interconnection Function: transmitting the renewable energies such as wind power, solar energy and ocean energy to all kinds of users. Advantages: broad scope of service, strong allocation capacity, high safety and reliability, green and low carbon Features: Strong network, broad connection, high smartness and openness and interaction

12 Benefits of Global Energy Interconnection The intercontinental transmission provides a Global solution for safe, reliable, economical and sustained energy supply 1. Improve energy security Intercontinental transmission can help build the intercontinental energy system, promoting international energy cooperation, and improving the security of energy supply. Benefits 2. Ensure sustainable energy development Renewable energy from /to one continent can be transmitted to/from other continent 3. Good economic benefits UHV transmission technology can transmit bulk power over long distance with high efficiency and relatively lower line losses,and promises good economic benefits.

13 Vision of Global Energy Interconnection -- National ubiquitous smart power grid GEI broadly connects all the domestic energy bases, distributed generations and load centers as well as the energies of the surrounding countries. It can realize the clean energy allocation across countries and continents. It is predicted in 2050 that: The development scale of wind power in north and west of china is over 300 GW. The proportion of renewable energy in the primary energy is more than 60%. The proportion of renewable energy power in the power consumption of the whole society reaches 85%. China s strong and smart power grid

14 Thank you for your attention! Dr Liangzhong Yao China Electric Power Research Institute