Group C SMR Siting, Licensing and Regulatory Frameworks. Presented by: Mr. Joseph Nduma Ruwah, Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board IAEA

Transcription

1 Technical Meeting n Technlgy Assessment f SMRs fr Near Term Deplyment hsted by Tunisian Cmpany f Electricity and Gas (STEG), Tunis, 2 5 Octber 2017 Breakut Sessin Grup Presentatin Grup C SMR Siting, Licensing and Regulatry Framewrks Presented by: Mr. Jseph Nduma Ruwah, Kenya Nuclear Electricity Bard Internatinal Atmic Energy Agency

2 Tpic C-1: Siting Descriptin: Site specific parameters affecting the plant design. Imprtance factr ratinale: Interactin between site characteristics and the features f the prpsed SMR design may be strng differentiatr; fr example, design features that have been included in a certified design in cuntry rigin t be deplyed in user cuntries with significantly different site characteristics and external events/hazards. T be discussed by Grup-C: Site size requirements, bundary cnditins, site structure plan: single r multi-unit SMR plant. Heat sink temperature, cndenser cling water surce and extent f water resurces Specific natural hazards in MENA regin: seismic, flding, sand strms; dry/wetlands. 2

3 Tpic C-2: Licensing Descriptin: The fficial prcess f authrizatin granted by the regulatry bdy t the applicant t have the respnsibility fr the siting, design, cnstructin, cmmissining, peratin r decmmissining f a nuclear installatin. Imprtance factr ratinale: The actual perating perfrmance f the 3 SMRs f different design & technlgy currently in final-stage f cnstructin will nly be knwn after T be discussed by Grup-C: Available supprt after plant cmmissining, including plant peratin and maintenance fr deplyment in embarking cuntries The need f full-scpe simulatrs and peratr training prgramme Issues, challenges and new apprach fr n-line and ff-line maintenance prgramme fr near-term deplyable SMR with new design features, e.g. in-vessel steam generatrs, undergrund cnstructin, and s frth. 3

4 Tpic C-3: Regulatry Framewrk Descriptin: Framewrk f system f authrities designated by the gvernment f a State as having legal authrity fr cnducting the regulatry prcess, including issuing authrizatins, and thereby regulating nuclear, radiatin, radiactive waste and transprt safety. Imprtance factr ratinale: Cnsidering specific design, technlgy and siting features f SMR: Emergency Planning Zne (EPZ) size, Graded Apprach and Defence-in- Depth were identified as the key enabling issues/challenges fr deplying an SMR currently being addressed in the SMR Regulatrs Frum Sharing regulatry experience amngst nuclear pwer cuntries preparing t license SMRs and capacity building fr embarking cuntries interested in SMR are crucial fr successful deplyment T be discussed by Grup-C: Regin-specific, i.e. MENA s ptential safety case fr SMRs Additinal safety requirements due t reginal site characteristics Participating cuntries current and near-future activities n emergency preparedness and respnse, particularly EPZ size determinatin 4

5 Key Findings - Siting cnsideratins Public pinin and plitics is key Envirnmental and site cnditins are seemingly secndary cnsideratins at this pint f time Main drivers fr site selectin: Reginal access t water castal sites preferred Security Prximity t prtected areas (e.g., heritage sites, hly places, turist areas, fishing znes) Prximity t hazards (e.g., shipping lanes, il fields) Site cnsideratins in embarking cuntries are already helping t substantiate FOAK designs 5

6 Key Findings - Licensing Embarking cuntries are cnsidering legal and regulatry framewrk develpment at the same time they are selecting sites N licensing experience in embarking cuntries FOAK SMR challenges New technlgies have nt been validated in experienced nuclear cuntries Challenge with public acceptance if unanticipated prblems r delays ccur Multiple uses and types f SMRs require crdinatin amng ministries/cuntries Recgnize imprtance f training and spent fuel management 6

7 Key Findings - Regulatry framewrk Embarking cuntries have regulatins fr cntrlled nuclear materials but these dn t include nuclear pwer Gvernments are cnsidering establishing the regulatr fr NPPs Regulatry framewrk may be imprted alngside the vendr technlgy needs t accmmdate research reactrs and SMRs Opprtunity and challenge fr nuclear t set the standard fr regulating ther industries 7

8 Cnclusin Thank yu very much Asante Sana Shukran jazelan Kamsahamnida Merci 8

9 Additinal Thughts Siting public pinin and plitics is key Kenya, castal and lake deplyment ptins infinite heat sink, ppulatin, Seizmicity, faulting, hydrlgy and metrlgy etc. Ranking f attributes fllwing by a MADA (multi-attribute decisin analysis). 3 regins identified. Nte that plitics is key t decisin making. Practicalities include the need t develp infrastructure in the nrthern candidate site and they are taking advantage f il develpment infrastructure. A regulatry bdy is currently being established and is a key pint. Security is als a cnsideratin and is a pint against siting n the nrthern cast next t smalia. Lake Victria is an issue as it is the surce f the blue nile and the lake is shared with uganda and tanzania. Lake tukana is lcated in the rift valley with high vlcanic activity and als feeds int eithipia. Grndwater cntaminatin is als a key cncern. Saudi requirement fr desalinatin and electricity / heat fr refineries / industry. Sites n the cast. External hazards being cnsidered and will be finalised when sites are selected. Tunisia the main requirement is fr electricity security f supply and cst reductin. Issues f siting next t cast. Seizmicity in the nrth is high and public pinin is yet t be vercme in the suth where there are already issues with heavy industry.. EPZ is imprtant if there is a requirement t site near t industry plants. New regulatin f distance frm hly sites with pssible a 100km exclusin culd cme int frce in Saudi Arabia. EPZ issues include cnsidering the safety f neighburing industrial plants, wuld need t expand if additinal units are added and cnsider critical systems. Its imprtant fr vendrs t demnstrate safety at clse prximity t plants r peple t increase their market reach. SMART design is being adapted fr Saudi Arabia. Fr inland sites they wuld turn t a dry cling design, with cnsideratin f dust strms peratinal cst implicatins are unknwn at present and wuld need t be studies. Castal sites are much mre suitable. Other industrial plants culd advise n maintenance issues ptential fr new learning frm extreme envirnments here. Hw d extreme envirnments challenge nuclear cdes and standards. Is there an pprtunity fr reducing cnservatisms with lng term testing f materials and/r taking data frm petrchemical plants? 9

10 Additinal Thughts Licensing Experience in new designs including HTRM in china 2019, CAREM in Argentina 2019, Russian barge munted design, Nuscale 2026 in the US, SMART in Saudi in 2026 will be key t understanding issues including maintenance, inspectin. There wnt be examples f cmplete licencing prcess until S what new entrants d nw is imprtant including training peratrs, maintenance regimes etc. Tunisia Each regin in Tunisia will make the decisin abut building a plant. The site selectin will require permissin frm lcal authrities t change land use. STEG is a state wned cmpany that will likely be the cmpany that deplys the nuclear plant. There is a law created fr agencies n safety and waste management, hwever there is n licencing prcess yet t be defined. Saudi Arabia wrking with Finland and Krea t set up their regulatry bdy. The regulatry bdy is nt yet independent frm K.A. CARE which is the research / deplyment bdy. But this is likely t evlve. Imprtant that in licencing yu need t evaluate ther aspects such as security, safeguards and envirnmental assessment. guidance suggests ne regulatr fr all nuclear material. Kenya has regulatins fr cnventinal nuclear surces but these dn t cnsider nuclear pwer. The parliament is cnsidering setting up the regulatr, There culd be a case fr the regulatry framewrk t be imprted alngside the vendr technlgy. 10