Small Wind. Andrew Lyle. Independent Renewables Project Developer

Transcription

1 Small Wind Andrew Lyle Independent Renewables Project Developer

2 Presentation Contents Small wind systems Economics of small wind Inverclyde Hospital small wind project Girvan Community Hospital wind project Health Facilities pilot wind study Conclusions Q&A

3 Small Wind Systems

4 Economics of Small Wind Capital costs Between 4k and 10k per kw installed Dependent on site conditions and turbine size Grant funding options Feasibility - Carbon Trust Capital LCBP or CARES Operational costs Maintenance Revenue From energy generated Highly dependent on wind speed Offset mains electricity Renewables obligation certificates (ROC) Feed-In-Tariff Total 16p/kWh with ROCs or up to 38.5p/kWh with FIT

5 Example 10 kw Project Wind Speed 3m/s 4m/s 5m/s 6m/s 7m/s Capacity Factor 3% 6% 11% 18% 26% Energy Generation (kwh/year) 2,628 5,256 9,636 15,768 22,776 CO2 saved (tonnes/year) Revenue under ROC scheme ,542 2,523 3,644 Payback period without grant N/A > 25 > Payback period with grant N/A > Revenue under FIT scheme 815 1,629 2,987 4,888 7,061 Payback period without grant N/A > Payback period with grant N/A > Generation calcs assume a typical power curve Generation will vary by manufacturer Use Carbon Trust Wind Speed Calculator tool

6 Inverclyde Small Wind Project NHS GG&C Carbon Management Plan 6 sites surveyed 22 potential projects identified 7 projects selected 2 MW biomass heating at Royal Alexandra 40 kw solar photovoltaics at Gartnavel 10 kw solar PV at Cowlairs Decontamination Unit 100 kw wind turbine at Hillington Laundry 6 X 2.5 kw small wind turbines at Inverclyde 5 X 2.5 kw small wind turbines at Royal Infirmary 11 kw small wind turbine at Cowlairs Planning problems with Cowlairs, Hillington and GRI wind turbine projects Inverclyde consented and in contruction

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10 Wind speed estimated 5.1m/s Capacity factor: 20% Capital cost: 129k Grant funding: 50% Annual revenue from FIT: 8,700k Life-cycle payback: 7 years Carbon savings: 14 tonnes/year

11 Girvan Community Hospital Medium Wind Project 21.5m community hospital project 330kW turbine and biomass boiler selected Planning issues Proximity to residential (noise monitoring completed) Visual impact (photomontages prepared) Wind turbine consented Reduced to 100kW turbine from Northwind Turbine installed and commissioned October 09

12 Comparison of Turbine Sizes

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15 Capital cost: 420k Grant funding: 100k Operational costs: 7,500/year Estimated wind speed: 6.1m/s Capacity factor: 25% Energy yield: 216,000 kwh Annual revenue from FIT: 57,000 Life-cycle payback period: 6.5 years Carbon savings: 120 tonnes/year

16 HFS Pilot Wind Study Aim: Install a range of small wind turbines at NHS properties across Scotland Test the performance of the turbines and report on findings Objectives were to: Review NHS property portfolio to identify potential sites Specify a range of suitable turbines across the sites Install turbines and monitor performance for 6 12 months Review performance and publish results for future public sector small wind projects Selection Criteria 4 sites to be selected One site in each Health Board Range of turbine manufacturers to be used Rooftop and free standing turbines to be included Capital costs maximum 100,000 (excluding grants) > 50 sites uploaded, 12 sites surveyed and 4 selected for the pilot study

17 Initial Feasibility Results and Issues Monklands and Liberton Rooftop turbines 1.5kW turbine at Monklands 0.4kW turbine at Liberton Advantages: Easy access for installation Solid structures for mounting Good exposure and moderate wind speeds Potential for more turbines Disadvantages: Very high capital costs Payback periods > 20 years Internal concerns over perception of scale Habost and Skeith Free standing turbines 5 kw at Habost 11 kw at Skeith Advantages: Good match of turbine size to scale of site Very high wind speeds Average capital costs Payback periods < 5 years Disadvantages: Planning delays Proximity to residential buildings Lack of available space on site

18 Second Round Results and Issues Monklands and Skeith discontinued Liberton turbine increased in size Habost turbine moved onto neighbouring land New sites identified and surveyed: Bixter proximity to residential planning issues Uist and Barra Hospital proximity to airport planning issues 5 community clinics in Lewis and Harris proximity to residential planning issues Lady Margaret low wind speed due to shading from trees Stracarthro listed castle nearby (visual planning issues) Loch View and Bannockburn in Forth Valley NHS Loch View selected to have a free standing 11 kw wind turbine

19 Current Status and Next Steps Liberton Planning received Tender to be issued Installation expected in Jan 2010 Habost Tender documents prepared Planning consented Contract with landowner prepared and waiting signature Forth Valley Planning delay due to noise issues Full noise report needed ( 5k) Landowner agreement prepared Performance monitoring for a 6 12 month period Reporting next year

20 Free Standing Small Turbines Minimum 5.5m/s wind speed at hub No taller buildings or trees within 100m Should be on as high a tower as possible Available space on NHS land for the turbine is preferred Planning authorities are inconsistent Noise (< 35 db(a)) Airport radar Visual impact Telecommunications Total 5k - 15k planning studies

21 Rooftop Wind Turbines Minimum 5.5m/s wind speed at hub No obstacles in SW direction Tall buildings or exposed individual buildings preferred Needs easy access for installation and maintenance Needs solid structure for mounting Flat concrete roof preferred Noise from generators must be considered Proximity to residential buildings doesn t seem to be a problem (so far!) Least planning issues on large hospitals

22 Conclusions Small wind can significantly reduce carbon emissions from NHS properties Market incentives offer good support to small wind projects Attractive payback periods at good sites with high wind speeds Some good case studies so far Planning issues are a serious concern Planning authorities are inconsistent Main issues are noise, visual impact, airports and telecommunications Planning costs can be excessive for project scale Number of suitable sites is considered very low due to planning constraints Projects with least planning issues and greatest opportunity: Rooftop mounted wind turbines on large hospitals Free standing wind turbines at community hospitals if there are no residential buildings within +100m Use Carbon Trust s wind speed calculator to make sure wind speed is suitable Contact planning authority early to identify any issues

23 Thank You for Listening Andrew Lyle Tel: