Dokan Dam. Central Marshes

Transcription

1 Water Security in Iraq Alexandria 1 st Apr 2010 Dokan Dam Dr. Hassan Janabi Iraq s Ambassador to the UN Agencies in Rome Central Marshes

2 What is Water Security? 1. Ensured accessibility to the resource in time and space. 2. Ability to utilize the resource to achieve economic development. 3. Ability to sustainably manage the water resources to ensure the right quantity and quality.

3 What is Water Security? Con td 4. Ensure that competing demands are balanced (Irrigation, water supply and sanitation, hydropower, environmental requirement etc). 5. Ensure that water sharing agreement with full participation of all stakeholders is in place. pace 6. Ensure that the environment is protected and pollution is prevented.

4 Syria Turkey Tigris Mosul Euphrates BCM 28 Duhok Tikrit Erbil Kirkuk Flows in Iraqi Rivers 48 BCM Sulaimaniya Baquba Countries contributing to Tigris R. 12% 56% 32% Iraq Turkey Iran Karkha R. Max Demand Iran Jordan 85% 12% 3% Iraq Jul-Sep (Max Irr. Demand) 10% Turkey Syria Oct-Feb 20% Ramadi Karbala M.O.D Baghdad Hilla Mar-Jun 70% Najaf Diwaniya Samaw Kut Nassirriya Storing period Amara Marshes Basra Countries contributing to Euphrates R. Saudi Arabia Kuwait

5 Control for better management Dokan Dam Dohuk Dam Mosul Dam Maximum Storage Capacity Haditha Dam Haditha Dam 24% Tigris Mosul Dam 31% Adhaim Dam Tigris Euphrates Regulator Fallujah Barrage Tharthar Outlet Regulator Tharthar Outlet Regulator Ramadi Barrage Ramadi Barrage Adhaim Dam 9% Current Total Storage: 157 BCM Euphrates Hemrin Dam 9% Derbendikhan Dam 9% Gharaff Regulator Hemrin Dam Dokan Dam 18% Shatt Al-Arab Derbendikham Dam Diyala Weir 5 Kut Barrage

6 Kiban 31 BCM 1975 Kerekaya 10 BCM 1987 Ataturk 50 BCM 1990 Biricik 1.2 BCM 2000 Kerkamish 0.2 BCM1999 Tabqa 12 BCM 1975 Tishreen 2 BCM 1999 Duz 3.5 BCM 1962 Karun 14 BCM Kerkha 8 BCM (Series of dams) Dam Construction since mid 1970s UNCLASSIFIED

7 Declining inflows Mean annual discharge in the Euphrates (m3/s) Q m3/s Trend Line Filling of Ataturk Dam

8 Euphrates Euphrates River Mean Monthly Discharges m3/s Loss of 9.1 BCM /year Month Ave m3/s 2000 Month Ave m3/s 1600 Annual Mean Annual Mean Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

9 Storage Volumes Turkish Storages 92BCM on Euphrates 17BCM on Tigris (planned) Syrian Storages 14.5BCM on Euphrates 1.5BCM from Tigris (Previous agreement)

10 How Water Security in Iraq is being impacted? Intensive construction of dams. Wars, particularly Iraq-Iran war and the occupation of Kuwait. Draining of the marshes. Pollution and degradation of water quality. Fast urbanization. High rate of water use (twice the population growth rate).

11 How Water Security in Iraq is being impacted?...cont d Lack of long term water sharing agreement between riparian countries, Iraq, Syria, Turkey & Iran. Unsustainable approach in managing water resources in the upper reaches of Euphrates and Tigris rivers basins.

12 How Water Security in Iraq is being impacted?...cont d t d? Euphrates River Annual Average Discharge at Iraq s 30 border in BCM Total Annual 25 flow

13 How Water Security in Iraq is being impacted?...cont d 50 Tigris R. Total Average Flow BCM Long term

14 The way forward Apply strict national water management strategy based on IWRM principles Negotiate long term water sharing agreement. Adopt basin-wide & regional approaches to mitigate and adapt to climate

15 How Water Security in Iraq is being impacted? Cont d C t d impacted?... Thank you