Asian Water Cycle Symposium 2016 (March 1-2, TOKYO) Flood Session NEPAL

Transcription

1 Asian Water Cycle Symposium 2016 (March 1-2, TOKYO) Flood Session NEPAL Maheswor Shrestha, Ph.D. Senior Divisional Engineer Water and Energy Commission Secretariat (WECS)

2 NEPAL Area 1,47,181 Km 2 Elevation: 64 m to 8848 m About 6000 rivers Physiographic zone Major River Basins Source: DWIDP Source: Gautam and Dulal, 2013

3 Loss of lives by different disasters in Nepal ( )

4 Loss of life and property by different disasters in 2014

5 Countermeasures against flood 1. Flood warning System 2. River training works 3. Flood induced disaster Risk Reduction activities Flood hazard/risk/vulnerability mapping Disaster networking and information system Disaster relief and rehabilitation system Community awareness on disaster risk reduction Prepare and implement flood management plans Institutional strengthening

6 Flood warning system in Nepal Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM), Government of Nepal have established flood warning system inmajorriversofnepal Conventional synoptic approach Numerical weather prediction using WRF Real time Telemetry Hydrologic and hydrodynamic modeling Part A: Technical and technological aspects of the system Part B: Problems and Institutional mechanism/governance

7 Part A: Technical and technological aspects of the system A1: In-situ data collection, satellite data, weather forecast data and data processing archiving system

8 Part A: Technical and technological aspects of the system Telemetric Stations

9 Part A: Technical and technological aspects of the system Real time Rainfall dataset with warning status *** Note : Warning level for rainfall (mm): 60 mm in 1 hr, 80 mm in 3 hr, 100 mm in 6 hr, 120 mm in 12 hr, 140 mm in 24 hr. A2: Flood simulation/forecast system MIKE 11 Hydrological Model was used for flood simulation in pilot basins but has not been materialized yet. WRF weather data - Forecast system

10 Part A: Technical and technological aspects of the system A3: Flood warning issuing criteria (Gautam and Dulal, 2013)

11 Part A: Technical and technological aspects of the system A4: Channels for dissemination of information Flood forecasting stations send alerts to National Emergency Operation Center (NEOC) at the Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA), District Emergency Operation Centers (DEOCs) at the District Administration Offices (DoAs), security chiefs of concerned districts and some local people. Means of dissemination of information Website: , SMS,Telephone, Radio, Television Community based Flood Early Warning System Collaboration with NGO, Local Media, Mercy Corps, Practical Action, Action Aid etc.

12 Part B: Institutional and Governance Aspects Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, is responsible for flood warning system Major Projects regarding Flood warning system: Flood Forecasting Project Pilot Program for Climate Resilience (PPCR) Community Based Flood and Glacial Lake Outburst Risk Reduction Project International Cooperation: World Bank, ADB, UNDP, ICIMOD etc.

13 Part B: Institutional and Governance Aspects Institutions responsible for flood warning system Example of Banke district in Nepal Adapted from ICIMOD, 2014

14 Part B: Institutional and Governance Aspects For effective disaster risk reduction, good governance and stakeholder engagement is necessary. Major problem is the coordination among different stakeholders. Water and Energy Commission Secretariat (WECS) Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM) Department of Irrigation (DOI) Department of Water Induced Disaster Prevention (DWIDP) Department of Agriculture (DOA) Department of Electricity Development (DOED) Department of Water Supply (DWS) Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) Department of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management (DSCWM) Ministry of Home Affairs District Administration Office (DAO) District Water Resources Committee (DWRC) District Development Committee (DDC) Water Users Association (WUA)

15 Part B: Institutional and Governance Aspects Government of Nepal has approved National Water Plan (NWP) on Doctrines of NWP are Integration, coordination, decentralization, participation & implementation of water related programs within the frame work of good governance, equitable distribution & sustainable development As per NWP, Water and Energy Commission Secretariat (WECS) is the Apex body for Water Sector. WECS is responsible for Mainstreaming IWRM and River basin concept Develop river basin plans Develop and implement DSS in water resources programs

16 Stakeholder Engagement Water and Energy Commission Secretariat Department of Hydrology and Meteorology Department of Irrigation Department of Water Induced Disaster Prevention Department of Agriculture Department of Electricity Development Department of Water Supply Nepal Electricity Authority Department of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Need to be restructured as per Federal structure Source: NWP, 2005 (WECS)

17 Ongoing Projects at WECS Asian Development Bank (ADB) Funded - Bagmati River Basin Improvement Project Conception and Installation of Bagmati River Basin Decision Support System, Flood Forecasting and Early Warning System, Water Quality Monitoring System and Preparation of Bagmati River Basin Integrated Master Plan World Bank Funded Irrigation and Water Resources Management Project Preparation of River Basin Plans (except Bagmati basin) of all rivers of Nepal

18 THANK YOU FOR LISTENING