SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIET NAM ELECTRICITY OF VIET NAM POWER ENGINEERING CONSULTING COMPANY I

Transcription

1 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized P ECC I E533 Vol. 12 SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIET NAM ELECTRICITY OF VIET NAM POWER ENGINEERING CONSULTING COMPANY I SYSTEM EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT, EQUITIZATION AND RENEWABLE PROJECT ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR 220 KV THAI BINH-HAI PHONG TRANSMISSION LINE AND 220 KV BAC NINH AND YEN BAI SUBSTATIONS IMPLEMENTED BY NPPMB (NPPMBfEIA) Compiler :Ngo Luu Hung Sub. Department Manager: Nguyen Van An TL. Department Manager : Nguyen Duc Thanf,,,~ Hanoi, hmarch 2002 ON BE F OF DIRECTOR OF PECC 1 C("iL DIRECTOR LE VAN LUC

2 TABLE OF CONT'ENTS Executive summary Chapter 1 - Introduction 1. Objectives 2. Methodology Chapter 2 - Project Description 1. Name of Project 2. Implementing Agencies 3. Socio-economic Targets of Project 4. Main Features of Project 5. Proposed Schedule of Project 6. Project Budget Chapter 3 - Legal Framework and Environmental Management I. Legal Framework 2. Environment Management Chapter 4 - Present Status of Project Site 1. Physical, Ecological and Social Environment of Project 2. Features of Project sites 3. Land Acquisition and Project Affected People Chapter 5 - Project Impact on Environment. 1. Impact on Physical Environment. 2. Impact on Biological Environment and Eco-System 3. Impact on Human 4. Impacts on telecommunication systems, landscapes, historical sites and safety Chapter 6 - Mitigation Measures for Negative Impacts on Environment. I. During Design Stage 2. During Construction Stage 3. During Operation Stage 2

3 Chapter 7 - Analysis of Alternatives Chapter 8 - PCBs disposal and management Chapter 9 - Public Consultation and Information Dissemination I. Aims of public consultation and information disseminationi 2. Public consultation and information dissemination during project preparation stage 3. Public consultation and infonnation dissemination during project implementation stage Chapter 10 - Environmental Management Plan 1. EMP 2. Capacity development and training 3. Implementation schedule and cost estimate Annexes Annex la - EIA project team Annex I - Areas Traversed by the Transmission Line Annex 2 - Statistics on crops, trees within ROW Annex 3 - Statistics on Pernanent Land Acquisition Annex 4 - Statistics on Temporary Land Requisition Annex 5 - Project Implementation Schedule Annex 6 - List of Associated Reports Annex 7 - Agreement on Construction location of substation and layout of line route of the People's Committee provinces Annex 8 - Location of substation and layout of line route 3

4 ABBREVIATIONS * ** ** EVN WB PECCI - Electricity of Vietnai - World Bank - Power Engineering Consulting Company N"l NPPMB - Northern Vietnam Power Project Management Board PMB PPS NGO ROW T/L HV EIA - Project Management Board - Provincial Power Service - Non-governmental organization - Right-of-way - Transmission Line - High Voltage - Environmental Impact Assessment 4

5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction The System Efficiency Improvement, Equitization and Renewable Project including construction and rehabilitationi of a number of power transmission and distribution lincs and substations, is proposed to be funded under a World Bank credit. One of the project component is for improving 220 kv transmission system in Northern Vietnam, which includes construction of 220 kv transmission line Thai Binh-Hai Phong, 220 kv Bac Ninh, and 220 kv Yen Bai substation. The project is implemented by EVN through its Northern Power Project Management Board. According to the Bank's requirement, an environrmental assessment of the project is required to ensure that the project is environmentally sound and sustainable. This EIA report follows WB and Government of Vietnam guidelines for assessment of environment impacts and mitigation strategies for power projects. Project Description: Project name is improving 220 kv transmission system in Northern Vietnam, including: - 220kV Thai Binh - Hai Phong Transmission line - 220kV Yen Bai substation and connections kV Bac Ninh substation and connections. Project Investor : Electricity of Vietnam Project Manager : Northern Vietnam Power Project Management Board Consulting company: The projects objectives are: PECCI - To meet the growing electricity demand of 5 provinces of Thai Binh, Bac Ninh, Yen Bai, Lao Cai, Ha Giang provinces and Hai Phong city area. - To reduce the power losses of system, improving the efficiency of EVN and reduce the need for generation expansion. - To strengthen the reliability and quality of power supply in Northern Vietiiana as well as in the whole country. Total project cosls is US$ million with IDA credit of US$ 5.97 million Project components are: - Thai Binh - Ilai Phong 220kV T.L, ACSR 500/64, 54km of total length. - Yen Bai 220kV substation and connections: + Yen Bai 220kV substation: 220/1 10/1OkV - Ix125MVA + Two 1OkV T.L (two circuits), ACSR-185/29, 4km of total length - Bac Ninh 220kV substation and connections: 5

6 + Bac Ninh 220kV substation: 220/1 10/1 OkV - I xi 25MVA + One 220kV T.L (two circuits), ACSR-185/29, 6. 1 km of total length + Two 110kV T.L (two circuits), ACSR-1 85/29, 3.2km of total length Legal and Environment Management Administration: The EIA is based on: - Feasibilities studies rcport of each project component, approved by EVN; - Agreement by the PPCs of concerned provinces where the project component are located or traversed on1 line route and substation located - Environmental legal framework as follow: Vietnamese legal framework: - Law on Environmental Protection dated 27/7/1993 of the socialist republic of Vietnam. - Laws of forest protection and forest development: - Government Decree N 175/CP dated 18/10/1994 guiding the implementation of the Law on Environmental Protection. - Govemment Decree N 0 54/1 999/ND-CP dated 08/07/1999 on Protection of High Voltage Networks. - Ministerial Circular No. 490/1998/TT-BKHCNMT of Ministry of Science - Technology and Environment of Vietnam dated 29 April 1998 on the guidance for the establishment and inspection of EIA report for the investment project. - Ministerial Circular No 490/1998/TT-BKHCMMT dated 29/4/1998 of MOSTE guiding EIA preparation and appraisal. - National Criteria on water quality, air quality,on noise, on pollution - Codes on Electrical Equipment Installation - part II - Power transmission line and distribution system No. 11 TCN WB procedures on environment impact assessment: - Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01, BP 4.01, GP 4.01), - Natural Habitats (OP 4.04, BP 4.04, GP 4.04), - Forestry (OP 4.36, GP 4.36), - Pest Management (OP 4.09), - Cultural Property (OPN 11.03), Bank Procedures BP 17.50: Public disclosure of Environmental and Social Operational Documents Environment Management Administration Presently, the responsibility on environmiiental management is arranged as follows: Ministry of Science - Technology and Environment (MOSTE) of Vietnam is the central government environmental management, the organization is responsible for the guidance for the preparation, appraisal and supervision of the im>plellelltation of EIA report for the investment projects. 6

7 Department of Science - Technology and Environiment (DOSTE) is responsible on environment in each province. At district level, there is a division under DPC in charge of environment management. This division reports to DOSTE on technical aspects. EVN is responsible for supervising and guiding environmental protection in power sector as a whole. NPPMB has becn authorized by EVN to be in charge of project managemenit during project preparation and construction, including environmental management of the project. Transmission Company No I will be in charge of environmental management during operation period. Present Status of Project site According to the Agro-ecological setting, the Thai Binh - Hai Phong 220kV transmission line, traversing Thai Binh province and Hai Phong city belongs to Red River Delta region. 220kV Bac Ninh substation is located in Northern Midlands and 220kV Yen Bai substation is located Northern Mountainous region. Thai Binh - Hai Phong 220kV transmission line is to locate on Vu Thu, Dong Hung districts of Thai Binh province, Vinh Bao, Tien Lang, An Lao and Kien An Town of Hai Phong. The line traverses mainly flat surfaces on fields of rice and crops, scattered orchards. It crosses some roads, power lines, communication lines, passes across canals and two large rivers. 220kV Yen Bai substation is located on a hill covered by industrial trees such as bamboos and eucalyptus in Tan Thinh commune, Yen Bai town, Yen Bai province. 220kV Bac Ninh substation and associated branches are located in Que Tan, Viet Hung and Bong Lai communes of Que Vo district, Bac Ninh province and Yen Lu commune of Yen Dung district, Bac Giang province. The substation is located in flat surfaces, fields of rice and crops, 11 OkV and 220kV transmission lines traverse flat fields for rice and crops with several crossing with traffic roads, power lines, communication line, across canals and one river. Total permnanent acquisition of land for the project is 83,115m 2. acquisition of land for the project is 397,893m 2 Total temporarily There are 1343 project affected persons (233 households). Project Impacts on Environment The project impacts on the environmcnt can be classified as: Detailed impacts are: - Impact on1 physical environment - Impact on biological and ecological system - limpact oni hulmlan - Impacts on telecommunlication systems, on landscape, cultural reserves and others 7

8 i. transmission line ROW and substation site impacts on land use: residential, agricultural, planted forest areas, wastelands, etc; ii. iii. iv. access roads, increase in exploitation of planted forest resources, induced development due to new access corridors, human settlement; clearing (erosion, loss of habitat) and control of vegetation in ROW; impaired cultural or aesthetic rcsources because of visual impacts; v. erosion during construction, and along access roads, substation and transmission tower sites; vi. vii. viii. potential electromagnetic frequency radiation effects, audible noise along transmission line route, exposure of substation operation personnel to potential EMF hazards; Impacts on telecommunication system, cultural sites and on safety resettlement of project affected persons. Mitigation Measures: Mitigation measures to reduce the project impacts listed above are to be carried out in 3 stages, design, construction and operation. Analysis of Alternatives: During selection of line route and substation location, PECCI engineers had carefully studied different altematives on map and at site and chose one route for investigation. Criteria for selection of substation sites are: - Closeness to load center; - Convenience to connect the substation to the existing network; - Lowest impacts on environment and local people; - In accordance with local planning and landscape. Criteria for line route selection in term of environmental impacts are: - The route selected is as short as possible. - The transmission line and substations should avoid concentrated residential and conservation areas by turnings. Though more turning angles means high cost, the compensation cost and delay would be less. - The transmission line should avoid areas with high trees such as industrial trees, planted and natural forests so as not to impact the eco-system. - The transmission line should not traverse or be closed to important projects such as airports, warehouses, radio stations. - The transmission line should avoid slope sides to reduce landslide and erosion. The alternative site or route that would cause minimum11 impact on the environment was selected. Public Participation and Information Dissemination: 8

9 This chapter talks about aims of public participation and information dissemination and how it takes place during different stages of project implementation. It describes local public participation and disclosure processes. Two public disclosure events are planned: the first solicitinig comments for the line route and TORs and the second, comments upon the conclusion of the draft EIA. These comments have been recorded and summarized in the draft EIA. It also points out types and time of disclosure, and where the draft EIA is on display for public review. Environmental Management Plan The EMP consists of mitigation, monitoring measures to be taken durinig implementation and operation to eliminate adverse environmental and social impacts, offset them, or reduce them to acceptable levels. It also indicates needs for institutional strengthening such as training on envirornental issues. Costs to implement EMP are estimated at VND 2,618 million (USD174,533) 9

10 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION The System Efficiency Improvement, Equitization and Renewable Project including construction and rehabilitation of a number of power transmission and distribution lines and substations, is proposed to be funded under a World Bank credit. The Governmenit of Vietnam is seeking assistance from the WB to improve the efficiency of the power sector in order to meet the growing demand for economic development while reducing investment need for generation expansion and to provide necessary infrastructure for the poverty reduction programs. One -of the project component is for improving 220 kv transmission system in Northern Vietnam, which includes construction of 220 kv transmission line Thai Binh-Hai Phong, 220 kv Bac Ninh, and 220 kv Yen Bai substation. The project is implemented by EVN through its Northern Power Project Management Board. According to the Bank's requirement, an environmental assessment of the project is required to ensure that the project is environmentally sound and sustainable. This EIA report follows WB and Government of Vietnam guidelines for assessment of environment impacts and mitigation strategies for power projects. The objectives of the report are: Assessing the current environment status of the region, where the project is located. Identification of potential impacts to the environment in the case of the project will be developed (in the period of construction and operation) Screening, classification of the impacts (none, small or major) Identification of the measures to construction and operation Developing an appropriate environmental management plan Estimation cost of the proposed mitigation measures. Methodology: mitigate the negative impacts caused by the project The method applied in the report is based on environmental checklist Based on the guidance on EIA by World Bank, the potential environmental impacts are classified with levels as follows: a. Little impact or negligible impact: For these impacts do not need to have measures for mitigation. b. Having impact but not much: For these impacts, the measures for mitigation must be shown. c. Significant impact: For these impacts. they are necessary to have strict resear-chl, precautioni have to be designed more carefully. Chapter 2 and measur-es for 10

11 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1. Name of project: Improving 220 kv transmission system in Northern Vietnam, including: - 220kV Thai Binh - Hai Phonyg Transmiiissioni line - 220kV Yen Bai substation and connections kV Bac Ninh substation and coinnections. 2. Implementing Agencies: - Investor Project Manager : Electricity of Vietnam : Northern Vietnam Power Project Management Board Consulting company : PECCI 3. Socio-economic Target of Projects: 220kV Thai Binh Hai Phong transmission line, Bac Ninh 220kV substation and 220kV Yen Bai substation are planned to supply electricity to Thai Binh, Bac Ninh, Yen Bai, Lao Cai, Ha Giang provinces, Hai Phong city, and adjacent provinces in order to satisfy the socio-economic development needs in these areas in accordance with the power capacity of the power plants in the region and reliability of the national power network. Hai Phong city is the second largest city in Northern Vietnam with growing number of industrial zones. Thai Binh and Bac Ninh provinces are located in the Red River Delta with high population density and intensive paddy cultivation. In the contrary, Yen Bai, Lao Cai and Bac Giang are located in North~ern Midland and Northern Mountainous regions, which are characterized by lower population density and low economic development level. Except Hai Phong, all five provinces have mainly based on agriculture and very small share of industry. Paddy and other crops cultivation, industrial trees and forestry are the main business. Industries include food processing, construction material production and small industries and handicraft. Although economic development in these provinces are different, they have one common feature that is of fast growing demand for electricity thanks to the increase in industrial development, expanding rural electrification program in the last 5 years. The growing demand and expansion of MV and LV distribution system in recent year puts pressure on the existing 220 kv transmission lin. It has become necessary to strengthen and increase reliability of the 220 kv system especially in the bottleneck points such as in Hai Phong, Yen Bai and Bac Ninh. The project has been included in the priority investment list of EVN for in the Master Plan for Power Development for Victnam in , which was approved by Govemment in July, The projects objectives are: - To meet the growing electricity demand of 5 provinces of Thai Binh, Bac Ninh, Yen Bai, Lao Cai, Ha Giang provinces and Hai Phong city area. - To reduce the power losses of system, improving the efficiency of EVN and reduce the need for generation expansion.

12 - To strenigtheni the reliability and quality of power supply in Northern Vietniam as well as in the whole country. Total project cosis is USS miillion with IDA credit of US$ 5.97 million 4. Main Ft:ptures of Project: Main f;-ba',res: Thai Biiih - Hai Phone 220kV transmission line - Ratec6.)Itage :220kV - Starning point portal of Thai Binh 220kV substation - Ending point : portal of (Hai Phong) Dong Hoa 220kV substation - Length of the line :54 km - Number of circuits 2 - Conductor ACSR 500/64 - Shield wires : TK-70 and OPGW Zinc-galvanized steel tower, bolt-attachment The Yen Bai 220kV substation and connections The 220kV Yen Bai substation is designed with capacity of 2x125MVA. In the project, there will be one 125MVA transformer to be installed. The substation shall be operated with three voltage level: 220kV, 1 1OkV and lokv. * 220kV side: In the future, if necessary to increase, it will be used a type of a double busbar. In this period, the 220kV side will be used a block of one outgoing feeder and one transformer, however, it could be easy to extend a double busbar. * 11 OkV side: The l lokv side will be used the double busbar with transfer busbar diagram. In this period, it will be installed all swithgear for five outgoing feeder and one transformer feeder and one transfer feeder. * 1OkV side: There will be a type of a single busbar diagram with 1 OkV distribution complete cubicles, indoor type include one incoming cubicle, one voltage cubicle and one fuse cubicle. - Total land area: 31,750 m 2 - Power demand projected in 2005: 173,0 MW To connect the substation to the existing 110 kv system it is required to construct two 1 1O kv branches as follow: - I lokv branch from 220kV Yen Bai substation to existing Thac Ba - Lao Cai l lokv line. 12

13 Number of lin1e Length Conductor Shield wire : I (two circuits) 3 km ACSR-185/29 TK-50 Tower Double lines steel tower Foundation : Site precast reinforced concrete ones. -OkV branch from 220kV Yen Bai substation to existing Yen Bai - Nghia Lo I lokv line. Number of line : 1 (two circuits) Length 1 km Conductor Shield wire Tower Foundation : ACSR-185/29 : TK-50 Double lines steel tower Site precast reinforced concrete ones. 220kV Bac Ninh substation and connections The 220kV Bac Ninh substation will be designed with capacity of 2x25MVA. In the project, only one 125MVA transformer will be installed. The substation shall be operated with three voltage level: 220kV, 1 OkV and I OkV kV side: There will be a type of multi-angular diagramn with four circuit breakers. In this project, the 220kV side of Bac Ninh substation is used multi-angular diagram with three circuit breakers to include one transformer feeder and one outgoing feeder to Pha Lai and one outgoing feeder to Soc Son and one feeder to enclose the delta. - lokv side: The llokv side will be used the double busbar diagram. In this project, it will be installed all swithgear for four outgoing feeders and one transformner feeder and one coupling feeder. - lokvside: There will be a type of a single busbar diagram with I OkV distribution complete cubicles, indoor type include one incoming cubicle, one voltage cubicle, one fuse. - Total land area: 17,100 m 2 - Power demand at 2005: 154,4 MW In order to connect the substation into the existing network it is required to construct 3 branches of lines as follow: - 220kV branch from 220kV Bac Ninh substation to existing Pha Lai - Soc Son 220kV transmiiission line. Number of line 1 (two circuits) 13

14 Length 6.1 km Conductor ACSR-520/67 Shield wire TK-70 and OPGW - 70 Tower Double lines steel tower Foundation Site precast reinforced concrete ones. - Two 11OkV branchs from 220kV Bac Ninh substationi to existing Pha Lai - Dong Anh I I OkV line. Number of line Length 2 (two circuits) :1.6km and 1.62km Conductor : ACSR- 185/29 Shield wire Tower Foundation TK-50 Double lines steel tower : Site precast reinforced concrete ones. 5. Proposed Implementation Schedule of Projects. For 220kV Thai Binh - Hai Phong Transmission line - Feasibility Study Preparation 06/ Approval of FS 12/ Preparation of RAP, EIA 07/ Approval of RAP, EIA 12/ Survey, Completion of Detailed Engineering Design 07/ Approval of Detailed Engineering Design 08/ Completion of Construction Drawings 01/ Site Clearance, Compensation 09/ Construction 03/ Completion 06/2004 For Yen Bai 220k V substation and coinnectionts - Feasibility Study Preparation 10/ Approval of FS 12/2001 -Preparation of RAP, EIA 12/ Approval of RAP, EIA 01/ Survey, Completion of Detailed Enginieerinig Design 1"' Quailer of Approval of Detailed Engineering Design 3"' Quarter of

15 - Bidding document for supplying equipm-ent 3 1h Quarter of Bidding document for construction and installation 3"h Quarter of Site Clearance, Compensation 10/ Constructionl 4"' Quarter of Completion 4"' Quarter of 2004 For Bac Ninrh 22OkVsubstation and con nectionis. - Feasibility Study Preparation 6/ Approval of FS 12/ Preparation of RAP, EIA 12/ Approval of RAP, EIA 01/ Survey, Completion of Detailed Engineering Design 1Ih Quarter of Approval of Detailed Engineering Design 3 th Quarter of Bidding document for supplying equipment 3t' Quarter of Bidding document for construction and installation 3th Quarter of Site Clearance, Compensation 10/ Construction 4"' Quarter of Completion 4"' Quarter of Project Budget. The total investment for the project is estimated at: 220kV Thai Binh - Hai Phong Transmission line costs VND 111,540 million or US$6.88 million including US$ 3.18 million of IDA loan 220kV Yen Bai substation and connection costs VND 82,478 million or US$4.4 million, including US$ 1.29 million of IDA loan 220kV Bac Ninh substation and connection costs VND 93,394 million or US$ 5.46 million including 1.5 million of IDA loan. Chapter 3 15

16 LEGAL, POLICIES AND ADMINISTRATION MANAGEMENT 1. LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAME WORK The EIA is based on: - Feasibilities studies report of each project component, approved by EVN; - Agreement by the PPCs of concerned provinces where the project component are located or traversed on line route and substation located - Environmental legal framework as follow: Vietnamese leeal framework: - Law on Environmental Protection dated 27/7/1993 of the socialist republic of Vietnam. This law stipulates the prevention from bad impacts on the environment and environmental protection as well as improvement of ecological environment. "Environment" is defined as the natural environment and the one created by human comprising air, water, sea, land, mineral mines, forests, grass fields, wildlife, trees, natural and historical sites, natural conservation areas, places of interest, cities, villages, etc. - Laws of forest protection and forest development: The laws regulate the management, development and use of forest, the prevention of forest destruction, the enhancement of responsibility and the encouragement for institutions/individual of forest protection and forest development, the discovery of forest benefits for the purpose of national protection and the national development. - Government Decree N 175/CP dated 18/10/1994 guiding the implementation of the Law on Environmental Protection. - Government Decree N 54/1999/ND-CP dated 08/07/1999 on Protection of High Voltage Networks. - Ministerial Circular No. 490/1998/TT-BKHCNMT of Ministry of Science - Technology and Environment of Vietnam dated 29 April 1998 on the guidance for the establishment and inspection of EIA report for the investment project. - Ministerial Circular N 490/1998/TT-BKHCMMT dated 29/4/1998 of MOSTE guiding EIA preparation and appraisal. - National Criteria on water quality TCVN , TCVN National Criteria on air quality TCVN National Criteria on noise TCVN National Criteria on pollution TCVN Codes on Electrical Equipment Installation - part 11 - Power transmission line and distribution system No. 11 TCN In this standard the minimum clearance between the live parts of the line and trees are identified. Trees outside the ROW must ensure two meters clearance between conductors and tree parts when falling. The clearance between top of the trees and conductors in the ROW must be not less than six meters. The ROW identified by two parallel planes is seven meters far from outer conductors when they are vertical and not less than two meters when conductors are at maximumii swing angle. WB procedutres on environmenit imtpact assessm1en1t: 16

17 Environrne&vraJ Assessment (OP 4.01, BP 4.01, GP 4.01), Natural Habitats (OP 4.04, BP 4.04, GP 4.04), Forestry k(op 4.36, GP 4.36), Pest Manageiraent (OP 4.09), Cultural Pprcp5ty (OPN 11.03). Bank Prol.ecums BP 17.50: Public disclosure of Environmental and Social Operational DocumentF Electric pcn'\'-.y transmission systems, environmental sourcebook, WB technical paper No.154 II. EN' J '11! NTAL MANAGEMENT Presently, the. rtsponsibility on environmental management is arranged as follows: Ministry of Science - Technology and Environment (MOSTE) of Vietnam is the central government environmental management, the organization is responsible for the guidance for the preparation, appraisal and supervision of the implementation of EIA report for the investment projects. This project is classified as the project of type II that is required to have environmental registration for compliance with environmental standards. The project is required to prepare an environmental impacts report. Department of Science - Technology and Environment (DOSTE) is responsible on environment in each province. Although administratively under Provincial People Committee, on technical issues, all DOSTEs reports to MOSTE. DOSTEs are assigned by the MOSTE to inspect, supervise on implement ratification of EIA reports, environmental standard registration forms and environmental protection regulations in operation in its field of action, and to treat according to the law with violating cases.after receiving environmental standard documents of the project of type II, the DOSTE is going to examine and to issue a environmental standard certificate, In addition, at district level, there is a division under DPC in charge of environment management. This division reports to DOSTE on technical aspects. EVN is responsible for supervising and guiding environmental protection in power sector as a whole. There is an centre within EVN directly in charge of environmental management. For the project EVN is project investor who is directly responsible for environment managmeent of the project during its lifetime. NPPMB has been authorized by EVN to be in charge of project management during project preparation and construction, including environmental management of the project. NPPMB is responsible for submission of environmental registration for the project to the related DOSTEs. Transmission Company No I is authorized by EVN to be in charge of operation and maintenance of the project afler commissioning. Consequencely, TCI will be in charge of environmental perfomiance during operation period under supervision of respective DOSTE. TCI will be in charge of submitting environment monitoring data and report to EVN and respective DOSTEs. 17

18 PECCI is appointed for preparation of all project documents such as FS, EIA and RAP. PECCI is responsible for identifying environmental impacts during project lifethime and measures and implementation plan to be applied to mitigate these impacts. In the construction phase, groups of supervisors will be set up, thesc are contructor supervisor, investor supervisor and designer supervisor. These supervisors are founided by relevant organization and also have the responsibility on environmental monitoring. 18

19 Chapter 4 PRESENT STATUS OF PROJECT SITE According to the Agro-ecological setting, the Thai Binh - Hai Phong 220kV transmission line, traversing Thai Binh province and Hai Phong city belongs to Red River Delta region. 220kV Bac Ninih substation is located in Northeni Midlands and 220kV Yen Bai substation is located Northern Mountainous region. 1. Physical Environment of Project: 1.1. Generalfeatures of Topographiy, Hydrogeology, Ecology and Social contditions 220kVTThai Bin/i - Hai Phone transmission line: Thai Binh and Hai Phong are located in the Red River Delta, the second largest delta in Vietnam after Mekong delta. The climate is monsoonal, with 1,678 mm of annual rainfall coming from late April to October. The flat topography, generally low susceptibility to deterioration, and alluvial soils make it suitable for intensive agriculture. The region has low elevation of less than 50 m over sea level. The land is mainly covered by two crops-paddy and other kind of crops fields. Household also have garden with long term fruit trees. There are no forest or wild land in the area. There are many small canals for irrigation and rivers in the regions. This area is highly populated. The economic activities of the area mainly base on agriculture, focusing on rice and other kind of crops as maize and vegetable. Industry, including rice milling, construction material production, and small industries and handicraft, accounts for small portion of the region GDP. The living standards is rather low compared to that of urban population. Bac Ninh 220k V substation The climate is monsoonal with an average yearly rainfall of 1,600 to 2,500 mm largely occurring from late April to October. The soils are acidic and have low fertility rates. The region has elevation between 50 m and 500 m. Even through geography of the area is rather complicated with many different soil layers, soil structure is quite stable. 55% of the region has medium susceptibility to deterioration or erosion. In valleys or relatively flat areas, the land is covered by one crop-paddy fields, maize and cassava and other subsidiary crops. In low hills, there are planted fruit tree or industrial trees such as gum tree, eucalyptus, caesarian-tree and planted forest. The region is less populated than delta area. The economies mainly base on agriculture focusing on rice and other crops. Their industries are small with main focuses on processing of agricultural and forestral product and production of construction material. The GDP level is normally lower than in Delta provinces. 220kV Yeni Bai subsicitioni The climate in the region is similar to the Northern Midland with average yearly rainfall of 1600 mm to 2,500 mill The region has elevation over 500 m. The elevations are lower fi-om the North to the SoutLI. fi-om the West to the East. Intense rainfall combined witl 19

20 steep topography and frequent seismic activities make 47% of the Northern Mountains highly susceptible to deterioration or erosion. The soils are acidic amd have low fertilities rates. The soil structure is quarterly sentiment composed of clay layer, loam, and sandy clay with broken stone and boulder. Water sources under ground at deep level of from 2m to 6m The regional hydrogeology is sophisticated, too. These mainly are small streams and nvers which usually cause 3-10 day floods in the rainy season. The water discharge in the dry season is very low. The northern provinces, including Yen Bai used to be covered with primitive forests with precious timber species as: dalbergia, sindora vietnamiensis, ironlwood, etc.. as well as valuable animals such as tigers; bears, panthers, deers, wolves, foxes. In recent years, however, the forest have been destroyed badly. And as a result, such precious trees and animals mainly exist in high mountains, isolated and strongly divided areas without no access roads and human. The remaining areas are covered with planted forest, fields of cassava, maize or paddy. There are also bald hills resulted from unplanned deforestation activities. The region is sparsely populated. The economies of the provinces mainly base on agriculture and forestry. Their industries are mainly in small scales and focus on processing of agricultural and forestrial products, production of construction material. In many highland areas, subsistence economy is still popular with low level of market activities. The region is one of the poorest areas of the country with highest number of communes under Government Poverty Reduction Program Features of Project Sites: The Thai Binh - Hai Phong 220kV transmission line is to locate on Vu Thu, Dong Hung districts of Thai Binh province, Vinh Bao, Tien Lang, An Lao and Kien An Town of Hai Phong. The line traverses mainly flat surfaces on fields of rice and crops, scattered orchards. It crosses some roads, power lines, communication lines, passes across canals and two large rivers. Generally, the topography is rather complicated. The line sections passing paddy fields are frequently water-submerged, the geography is rather weak. 220kV Yen Bai substation is located on a hill, covered by planted industrial trees such as eucalyptus and bamboos in Tan Thinh commune, Yen Bai town, Yen Bai province. 220kV Bac Ninh substation and associated branches are located in Que Tan, Viet Hung and Bong Lai communes of Que Vo district, Bac Ninh province and Yen Lu commune of Yen Dung district, Bac Giang province. The substation is located in flat surfaces, fields of rice and crops. The location of I I OkV and 220kV transmission lines is also flat fields for rice and crops with several crossing with traffic roads, power lines, communication line. The lines also go across canals and one river. The line sections passing paddy fields are frequently water-submerged. The project area has soil layer with thickness of 0,3m-O,5m. Soil structure is quite stable. Water sources under ground at deep level of from l,om to 2,5m. Project ROW. The 220kV line ROW is 10.5m wide on both sides of the central line. The I OkV line ROW is 7.5m wide on both sides of the central line. 20

21 Total land occupied in the ROW of the 220 kv Thai Binh Hai Phong is 1,098,804 m2. Total land occupied in the ROW of the 220 kv associated transmission branches to Yen Bai substation is 60,000 m2 Total land occupied in the ROW of the 220 kv associated transmission branches to Bac Ninh substation and is 182,940m2. Total land area of 220kV Yen Bai substation are 31,750 m 2 Total land area of 220kV Bac Ninh substation are 17,100 m 2 2. Project land acquisition and PAPs Land acquisition The pernanent acquisition for tower foundations is from 20m 2 for each 110kV transmission line tower foundation to 100m 2 and 180 m2 for each tower foundation of 220 kv. Land for substations will be also permanently acquired. Total permanent acquisition of land for the project is 83,115m 2. Of which: - 220kV Thai Binh-Hai Phong transmission line 27,467m 2 Yen Bai 220kV substation and connections 33,350m 2 - Bac Ninh 220kV substation and connections 22,298m 2 Total temporarily acquisition of land for the project is 397,893rn 2. Of which: - 220kV Thai Binh-Hai Phong transmission line: 303,321m 2 220kV Yen Bai substation and connections : 16,000m 2 220kV Bac Ninh substation and corminections : 78,572m 2 Details of land acquisition are provided in Annex 2,3 and 4. Impacts on resettlement: Total number of PAPs is 233 households with 1,286 persons, of these: - 11 households with 59 persons with impacts on permanent land acquisition: households with 1,178 person with temporary impact on land acquisition: - 49 household with full impact on house household with partial impact on house person fully or partially impacted on houses - 8 households to be relocated households having their trees and crops impacted

22 Chapter 5 PROJECT IMPACTS ON ENVIRONMENT Thie /proje't impct.s ol tie environment (call be divided into. - Impact on physical environment - limpact on biological and ecological systetn - Impact on human - Impacts on telecommunication systems, on landscape, cultural reserves and others The environment issues caused by the project are as in the following: 1. Impact on Physical Environment: The impact on physical environment considered herein are the affection on water, air and hydrosphere. According to the above mentioned characteristics and scope of the projects, the transmission lines and substations would have little impact on physical environment. Negative environmental impacts are caused by construction of transmission lines, access roads, tower pads and substations, These include runoff and sedimentation from grading for line and substation facilities; loss of land and increase in soil erosion due to placement of towers and substations; oil contamination from construction equipment; dust, noise and vibration due to material transportation and construction works; disposal of installation and construction materials. These impacts are more significant in the populated areas and should be dealt with by appropriate mitigation measures to comply with the national environmental standards on quality of water, air and land. Erosion of land could be caused during construction of power tower foundation and wire stringing or by construction of temporary assess roads. During the operation phase, soil erosion and landslide could be still a problem in the vicinity of the tower pads if not managed and controlled properly. This should be paid with attention where the topography is sloppy or the foundation morphology is not very strong as it is Yen Bai. Soil erosion and landslides may occur also during implementation of site clearance of 1 1 OkV substation Noise caused by arcing flashover in rains or very humid condition will not be considered as it is considerably small (<lodb under the line). Works of tower foundations and tensioni foundations may also cause negative impacts on underground water. However, due to swallow depth of foundation works ranging from 2m to3m, if using simple tools, the construction would llot affect underground resources. 22

23 2. Impact on Biological Environment and Eco-system: Construction and operation of power transmission lines and substations may cause some negative impacts on biological and ecosystem due to site clearance and maintenance of the project Right of Way (ROW) and substation site. The impacts are effects of clearing and tree cutting, control of vegetable in ROW. The project can also open up more remote lands to human activities and construction of ROW can result in the lost and fragmentation of habitats and vegetation along the ROW Total land occupied in the ROW of the 220 kv Thai Binh Hai Phong is 1,098,804 m2, in which 96.6% is paddy fields, 0.4% is land for vegetable farming and 3%(, is residential land. Total land occupied in the ROW of the 220 kv associated transmission branches to Yen Bai substation is 60,000 m2 land of planted industrial trees. There are about 15,000 bamboos and 1,500 eucalyptuses and 1,000 palms. Total land occupied in the ROW of the 220 kv associated transmission branches to Bac Ninh substation and is 1 82,940m2 all which is paddy fields. Statistics on the project ROW is in Annex 2. Impacts by clearing and control of vezetable in ROW Vietnam standard on safety ROW network is stipulated as follows: The easement of the 220V lines is limited by 2 parallel planes, 6m out of the outer conductors when they are vertical. Trees outside the easement must be controlled to ensure Im clearance in all condition. The clearance from conductor to the tree top in the ROW must be 2 4m. All trees of or would be > 4m in the line ROW must be cut down. So if the line routes pass areas with trees higher than the limit, such trees must be cut down. Therefore, the planted industrial trees higher than 4 m within ROW of Yen Bai project will be cut. For Bac Ninh project and Thai Binh Hai Phong transmission line, no tree cutting is required as the ROW is paddy field and vegetable fields. This would have certain impact on the biological and ecological environment. Besides, other crops in the line ROW such as rice, vegetables temporarily will be affected as well during construction process (tower transport and wire pulling) for about for 3-6 months. e. The access road required for construction and maintenance will not have impacts on facilitating invasion to natural or reserved forest of high biodiversity as all 3 components of the project will not traverse or go close these areas. Although Yen Bai substation is located in Northern Mountains, it location is in a hill covered by industrial trees which is a suburb of Yen Bai provincial town, far from any forests or areas with sensitive environmental feature. The impacts of the project on biological and ecosystem are therefore of very small scale. Impacts by land use The total land to be pemianently and temporary used for thle project is 481,008 m2. Details are provided in Annex 3 and Annex 4. Permnanentt acqulisition land 23

24 Total permanent acquisition of land for the project is 83,1 15m 2. Of which: - 220kV Thai Binh-Hai Phong transmission line : 27,467m 2, in which 26,505 or 96% is paddy fields, 12 rn2 or 0.4% is vegetable field and 850 m2 or 3% is residential land. - Yen Bai 220kV substation and connaections : 33,350m2, all of which is land for industrial trees. There are about 20,000 bamboos and 4,000 eucalyptuses and 1,500 palms. - Bac Ninh 220kV substationi and connectionis : 22,298rn 2, all of which is paddy fields. Statistics on the project permanently acquired land is Annex 3 Temporarv acquisition land Land will be affected temporarily in 2 cases for foundation works, tower erection, conductor and earthwire pulling and stringing.and for construction of access road for material transport to the line route. As each component can be completed in 3 6 months, the impacts will be on one crop time. Total temporarily acquisition of land for the project is 397,893m 2. Of which: - 220kV Thai Binh-Hai Phong transmission line: 303,321m 2, in which 292,698 m2 or 96% is paddy fields, 1,242 m2 or 0.4% is land for vegetable farming and 9381 m2 or 3% is residential land kV Yen Bai substation and connections : 16,000m2 of which all are for industrial trees such as bamboo, eucalyptus. There are about 12,000 bamboos and 3,500 eucalyptuses. 220kV Bac Ninh substation and connections paddy fields : 78,572m 2, of which all are The impacts are summarized with detail in Annex Impact on Human Impact on Residential Areas: The line routes are normally selected to be close to transportation roads so as to facilitate constructioni, operation and maintenance in the future. Substation sites are selected to be close to the load center, i.e. be close to a residential or industrial areas. So the transmission liens and branches connlected to substation may traverse houses. To avoid houses, the line route was designed to turn frequently with numerous small angles. However, there are still 49 houses in the line ROW of 220kV Thai Binh-Hai Phong line will be affected, of these 40 houses affected fully and 09 houses affected partially. Number of families will have to be relocated is 2, the other 47 households have sufficient remaining land for reorganizing their lhouses There are 18 houses in Yen Bai 220kV substation and in ROW of 220kV connectionis to Yen Bai 220kV substation will bc?4

25 affected, thereiin 9 houses affected fully and 9 houses affected partially. Number of families have to be relocated is 06, the other 12 households hav(e sufficient remaining land for reorganizing their houses. Impact of noise, vibration and pollution for residential areas: Machine operation during construction may cause noise and vibralion including trucks for equipment and material transportation. However noise, vibration level is less than 5OdBA, the permitted noise level The noise caused by arcing flashover in light rain or humid condition is insignificant for the 220 kv transmission linc, much lower than permissible level. Pollution of dust, noise to human residential area may occur during construction period. Load truck transporting material on roads near residential areas will be required to be covered. The noise level from trucks is not exceed level of 5OdBA. Industrial waste (fuels, lubricants spills...) if improperly handled may caused pollution during installation. As the project comprises 2 newly built substations, transformers, disconnecting equipment's will not used oil insulation types of PCB which was forbidden to use by the government (PCB contained POPs element that was one of the 12 difficulty disintegrated organic elements). These to be specified in the bidding documents of substation. In normal practice, the above described potential impacts are insignificant and with proper mitigation regulations, these impacts could be minimized Impact of Electric Field on Human and Animals: Electric power transmission line creates electromagnetic fields (EMFs). The strength of both electric and magnetic fields decrease with distance from transmission lines. It is assumed that health hazards may exist from EMFs. Also placement of low-slung lines or lines near human activities could increase the risk of electrocutions. According to Vietnamese standards on limits of industrial frequency electric field intensity and stipulations on the working environment regarding limits of electric field intensity for people working in the affected area in a day and night depend on the electric intensity as given in the following Table: Electric intensity < <E<25 >25 (kvlm) Pernissible unlimited /6 0 working time per day and night (h) Accordingly, the electric field affected area is the area with the power frequency electric field intensity of > 5kV/im. For inhabitants living under the lines, the safe electric field intensity is < 5kV/m. The project transmiiissioni lines shall be designed following Vietnamese standards that minimize such risks. The height from conductor to ground is at least 6m (out of residential areas) and 7ni within residential. With the design, for any 25

26 structure under the line routes, the maximum electric field under these 1 10kV T/L is around 2.79 kv/m. Working time per day and night therefore could be unlimited. 3.3 Worker's Health and Safety. Operators and workers must strictly follow the state regulations on working safety. Thoroughly consider the following safety measures for construction workers: - Mine and bomb clearing (if any) prior to construction - Safety measures for equipment and material transportation - Excavation and foundation construction. - Tower erection, arm and insulator installation - Wire stretching and tensioning, sagging, installation of other fittings. Besides, consider sanitary and medical measures to prevent and treat common diseases as: malaria, typhoid fever, diarrhoea, etc. Apply positive measures to limit the impacts on worker's health during construction period. 4. Impacts on Telecommunication systems, on landscape, historical sites and on safety Impacts on Telecommunication systems Telecommunication projects include: - Communication lines going closed to or across the 220 kv T/L. - Audio frequency, PLC telephone lines going closed to or along the lines. 220kV substations and TIL of the subprojects were designed far from telecommunication projects. However, in few times, the line routes still cross or go close to some of interdistrict and inter-commune communication lines, that are not very important. Nevertheless, the lengths of sections to be crossed are quite short that impact of electric field would be insignificant. Impact on Lands, Historical Site: The project traverses areas of different localities. Thus, the impacts on the lands, army sites, airports, historical sites and pagodas have been considered in the survey and design stage. This is criteria for the line route selection so such impacts would be avoided. Safetv - Explosion and Fire Explosive substances will not be used in construction, the only construction measure is excavation. However, fire due to cooking must be taken into consideration in the constmiction period. 26

27 x Chapter 6 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR NEGATIVE IMPACTS ON ENVIRONMENT Mitigation measures to reduce the project impacts are to be carried out in 3 stages, design, construction and operation as described below: 1. During design phase In the design phase, the alternatives for each coiiponent should be considered and selected to ensure they have the lowest impacts on ecosystem. The methods to reduce and mitigate the negative impacts should also be developed. PECC I has conducted detailed survey on the project impacts, discussed and agreed with the local authorities and relevant bodies on least-impact line route. The mitigation measures for project impacts should be scrutinized during the design stage, especially for line route selection. A well-selected route and substation site would reduce much of the project cost as well as impacts on the locals and environment. With the ecosystem The selection of line routes should avoid tree cutting as much as possible. According to Law on Forest Protection of Vietnam, tree cutting, which affects environrment, is strictly under control. Thus the selection should try to avoid dense forests, natural forests with high ecological values or reserved areas. With residential area and safetv issues: The optimal routes have been considered to avoid houses. For those unavoidably traversing residential plots, mitigation measures include increasing towers height, making numerous small angles to avoid houses and structures. Technical measures have been selected to ensure minimum impacts on houses and structures as well as safety to local residents. The solution include reasonable spans, special technical options for towers, armns, guys, foundations at locations that have risk of landslide or erosion. However, project construction will still cause impact on the residential areas. The survey data show that there are totally 320 PAPs in 49 households having their houses affected in the ROW. The substations will be designed with surrounding fence which separate it from outside to ensure safety operation and avoid hazardous conditions to humani and animal passing by. Witlh telecomnmiunication lines: The line route was designed in a way that there is no impact on the telecom lines as line routes are designed in accordance with regulations and criteria of Degree No. 54 on power network row and Degree No.39 on post office transmission line row. Wilh/ the former war remnnanits and fire During selection of line routes or substation sites, one of the highetst concerns to avoid fomier war consequenices such as: bombs, mines, etc. vhich could be in the ROW and in 27

28 substation location. The project team consulted with local authorities and with Ministry of Defence to define areas of ROW which were heavily affected by the war and have the risk. It has been found that there is no risk of war consequence in the project areas In order to avoid fire, it is specified in the bidding document for works that construction workers are not allowed to use forest trees or other material from forest in cooking or heating purposes. All substations have been designed with proper fire protection equipment. The use of protective equipment and prevention methods, which are consulted and agreed with Fire Prevention Police Office, will be included in design of substation. Summary of mitigation measures during design phase is provided in the following table: Potential Impact Mitigating Measures 1) 220kV and 110kV T/Ls - Impacts on ecological system: - Line routes selected and designed to avoid natural trees cutting, deforestation (natural and planted forests so that to limit deforestation due and planted forests) to cutting of trees that have economical or ecological value; -Impact on residential areas: Line - Carefully and properly calculated line routes to routes may traverse houses and avoid houses and other structures; increase tower other constructors; noise length; designed routes turning frequently to disturbance minimize number of houses to be traversed by line routes; Use of equipment with maximum noise level when operating not exceeding permitted noise level standards - Impact on communication line - Comply with network safety regulations and system and other broadcasting articles stipulated in Degree No. 54 on safety of related means: T/L may traverse or telecommunication transmission lines; Select line cross these systems. routes far from communication line system or minimize number of times crossing or traverse these systems; coordinate with Provincial Post Offices to cables the communication line system in crossing sections; calculate and prepare method to avoid jam or affection to communication line and other broadcasting mean systems. - Impact on landscape, historical - Coordinate and agree with local authorities on sites, airport, reversed areas... locations have T/L traverse through; adjust design to avoid historical and cultural sites, reserved areas... - Hide T/L in side forests; avoid parks, public sites or high ways in order to hide T/L as much as possible;

29 - Impacts on safety froni remaining Coordinate with provincial authorities to identify mines or explosives from the such areas. Select line routes to avoid the areas that former war could have mines or other dangerous explosives from wars. Potential Impact [ Mitigating Measures 2) 220kV Substations - Increase acquisition land due to - Locations of substation sites are selected mainly in building new substations cultivated land, waste land... far from residential areas; - May cause impact on human and - Design protection fence to avoid hazardous animal in surrounding areas conditions to human and animal in the substation areas - Increase risk of fuel, lubricants - The substations were designed with observation spills and environmental pollution tank to solve fuel and lubricants spills sewage before flowing out to irrigation canals. 29

30 II. During Construction Phase A. Transmission line: The construction plan will be optimized regarding implementation schedule for each task to reduce temporary occupation of land and impacts on environment. In addition, to minimize impacts on agricultural production caused by ROW and temporary occupation of land, construction should start after harvests. Line construction, tree cutting, site clearance, foundation works, material transportationi, cable stringing... will cause certain impacts on environment. It is necessary to implemcnt the following specific mitigation methods: Tree cutting, ROW clearance: - Clearing methods should be selected to minimize impact of tree cutting and soil erosion. In Vietnam, the use of herbicide is very restricted and normally not used for this kind of projects. According to the current practice, tree cutting will be selective using mechanical means so that the impacts will be minimised. After the construction is completed, trees with appropriate height and grass will be replanted again in the foundation area and in the temporarily used areas for construction to restore original environment and reduce future soil erosion. Temporary road requiredfor construction: Selection of temporary roads during construction progress was considered during design and will reconfirm before implementation. In order to avoid potential negative impacts on environments, it is necessary to implement the following main mitigation methods: - Access roads should avoid sensitive areas. Consultation and agreement with local authority on the selection of access road and proposed mitigation measures are to be done before construction start. - To avoid run off and sedimentation from grading for access road and alteration of hydrological pattern, the design and construction of assess road must be examined carefully and an appropriate water drainage system will be considered and constructed when needed to avoid water spreading causing soil erosion. Sediment traps are to be installed where required to control sedimentation. - After construction completion, most of access roads would be demolished. It is necessary to applied measures for road restoration such as clearing and levelling the road surface, replanting grass and trees to restore the original status. All the measures will be included in the responsibilities of contractors. Safety during constr-uctioii - Equipment and material or heavy equipment transportation must be handled by spccial transportation vehicles which should be checked before use in compliance with transportation security regulation. - During foundation and tower works, safety regulations will be strictly followed. As tower work is a manual process, any remaining sand and broken stones must be cleared so that there are no impacts on future cultivations. - Before starting works on foundations, it is necessary to coordinate with relevant agencies to identify and avoid damage on water pipes, postal cables or power cables. 30

31 - Implementing strictly safety methods as regulated during all construction steps such as equipment transportation, foundation preparation, tower erection etc. - Facilities and equipment must be careful checked in terms of quality and quantity before use. Construction leader needs to appoint a person responsible for security supervision. This person will clheck production equipment, labor protection facilities and remind every one for care. 2. Worker camps Many camps will be needed due to characteristics of line construction. The appropriate location should be close to residential areas so that it is easier to get food, water provisions, as well as communication facilities. However, the sites for camps should not interfere the normal life of local people and need to be selected in agreement and consultation with local authority. During the construction, workers' health will be protected in accordance with specific regulation on health and hygiene methods. Each independent work unit will appoint one medical staff with adequate competence to take care of the workers and treat diseases as malaria, typhoid fever, diarrhoea, and other transmitted disease. Wastes from camps will be controlled and will be disposed to places as agreed with local authority to avoid impacts to environment and to local residents. Construction workers are prohibited to use trees or other materials from local forests for cooking or heating. 4. Pollution caused by noise Construction may create dust, noise and vibration, caused by transportation truck and construction equipment. To reduce pollution of dusts, for constructio'n close to residential areas, load truck transporting material on roads will be requested to be covered. Night works will be carefully considered in order to reduce noise to local residents. Noise caused by arcing flashover in the light rain or humid condition are insignificant, so will not be considered. Generally, in construction phase, with appropriate mitigation measures applied the project negative impacts would be low potential impacts. B. Construction of substations In order to avoid and eliminate pollution during site clearance and material transportation, specific vehicles, trucks covered or land watering methods would be used. Noise caused by construction machines may affect human activities in the surrounding areas. All construction machines should be checked before use in compliance with operation security regulation. In case of machine causing high level noise, night shift should be limited (for locations near school) or forbidden (for locations near hospital). Rubbish and construction material waste must be disposed to appropriate places agreed earlier with local authorities in order to ensure sanitation and avoid pollute local water and land. Water draining system is to be built in compliance with industrial hygienic standards. 31

32 In order to avoid interruption of season crops, working schedule in locations within agricultural areas should be selected suitably. If there is any canal belong to the local irrigation system located on substation areas, it is necessary to rebuild the irrigation system completely before site clearance. Potential Impact Mitigating Measures - Ecological system disturbance: - Limit trees cutting (the use of herbicide is strictly tree cutting within ROW area and forbidden and it is encouraged to hand cutting in the tree cutting for site clearance; planted forest); re plant grass and trees with limited deforestation- height in tower foundation and within ROW to restore the original status. - Access road may cause - Build roads starting from main roads as much as deforestation by local residents possible; avoid reserved sites; Control assess in sensitive areas. - After construction, demolish unnecessary access roads, replant grass and tree to restore the previous status as possible Soil erosion due to construction of -prepare methods for proper water drainage to limit tower foundation, access roads and soil erosion, landslide. Sediment traps are to be substation installed where control of sediment is required. Replanting grass and limited height trees in ROW and in tower foundation to avoid erotion. Pollution of dust, noise, fumes, Using proper machine and other construction tools vibration... during transportation of that have valid operation license; cover load truck; equipment and material; during water land in construction sites to avoid dust. Avoid construction of substation near night shift in sites close to residential areas. residential areas. Pollution by wastes to land and Collect and dispose all waste materials to proper water areas as agreed with local authority. - Risk of fuel, lubricants spills; - Proper handling of lubricants, fuel and solvents by pollution of environment in secured storage; ensure proper loading of fuel and surrounding areas maintenance of equipment - Impact on crops, agricultural - Compensate crops on permanent acquisition land; production due to land acquisition arrange working time according to harvest and to land; reduce temporary land acquisition; replant trees that would not grow over height limit within ROW areas. - Pollution of water sources; - Coordinate with authorities in case of impact on impact on water pipe system, and water pipe, communication line systems; appoint communication line systems-. specialized person to supervise frequently safety measurements applied during construction; 32

33 Hazard conditions of accidents in Hire specialized team for clearance of mine and bomb areas near construction sites. areas that may have these objects prior to construction Strictly monitor safety regulations during construction Install appropriate warning signs for workers and lo residents to avoid construction areas 4) Workers' camps - May cause impact on security, - Locale workers' camps with suitable (listance to peace and order in surroundiing residential areas to avoid impact on human residential area; impact on forest activities; forbid workers to use material from resources because workers using forests for cooking or warming purposes material from forest to cook - Worker health; increase infection - Select proper camps' locations so that food stuff, risk of disease: malaria, typhoid drinking water... and other communication means fever, diarrhea, etc; hazard could be easily accessed by workers and;apoint conditions of accidents... person incharge of medical care to take care workers and treat common disease that workers may infected or in case of accidents; provide workers with safety instructions and protective equipment; appoint person in charge of supervision of safety measurements applied frequently. - Pollution due to improper - Build enclosed lavatory to avoid impact on disposal of living waste, material environment; prepare method of drainage; collect all waste... waste and dispose to pernitted waste recovery facility 33

34 Ill. During operation: During operation scope of works includes: repair, periodical and preventive maintenance and fault treatment for the transmission lines and substations. The Transmission Company No I will undertake operation management of the line and substations. Prior to the project operation, training on safety, basic techniques of the network operation and environment management should be provided to the operators. Only the successful trainees with training certificate can undertake the management and operation duty. ROW Controb According to the project management responsibility, Transmision Company I will examine and supervise land utilization within ROW. Violations of land, trees within ROW areas must be checked and prevented immediately. Tree cutting to ensure safety regulation will be periodically. Tree cutting will be done by hand to reduce impacts on environment. The use of herbicide is prohibited. Local authorities, organizations and landowners shall supervise tree cutting. Access Roads Although many access roads for construction will be removed after project completion, there remain some access roads that are required for inspection, reparation and periodical maintenance purposes. Pollution To avoid oil or lubricant spillage, the substations were designed with suitable oil pit and oil tank. Regulations on monitoring and regular checking for possible oil spillage is required. Used oil should be disposed according to the environment regulations. Fire hazard: The substation is designed and equipped with fire detection and prevention according to Government regulations. All workers will be trained for fire prevention and fighting. There shall be regular monitoring for compliance with fire prevention regulations. Summary of measures are summarized below Potential Impact Mitigating Measures - Impact on vegetation due to - Allow trees that would not grow over height cutting down of trees grown over limit in ROW areas. height limit in ROW areas - Prohibit use of herbicide for ROW clearance - Access road may cause deforestation by local resident 34

35 - Pollution of water, noise, - Operation equipment has noise and vibration vibration, fuel and lubricants level within penmissible limit; ensure proper spills.. handling of lubricants, fuel and solvents by secured storage; ensure proper loading of fuel and maintenance equipment; solve fuel, lubricants spills in observation tank before draining out; collect all waste to proper places; - Hazardous condition to people - Use disconnectilng equipmenit, short circuit over living around the substation site load protection equipment at HV and MV sides of the substations in order to disconnect equipment out of network in case fault occures; install appropriate warning signs - Electric field impact on human - Equipment installed at voltage level of 220kV health and 110kV with appropriate distance, electric field below conductor is <5kV/m, impact on human health and environment is insignificant and would not to be considered. 35

36 Chapter 7 Analysis of Alternatives During selection of line route and stubstation location, PECCI engineers had carefully studied different alternatives on map and at site and chose one route for investigation. Criteria for selection of substation sites and line connection route are: - Closeness to load center; - Convenience to connect thc substation to the existing network; - Lowest impacts on environment and local people; - In accordance with local planning and landscape. It should be noted that, according to existing practice, local Provincial People's Committee normally have crucial role on substation location selection. Criteria for route selection are as follow: - The route selected is as short as possible, the substation is suitably designed for minimum construction cost and land acquisition. - The transmission line and substations should avoid concentrated residential and conservation areas by turnings. Though more turning angles means high cost, the compensation cost and delay would be less. - The transmission line should be as closed to the transportation roads as possible to facilitate material transport during construction and management and operation, meanwhile reduce land acquisition for access roads. - The transmission line should avoid areas with high trees such as industrial trees, planted and natural forests so as not to impact the eco-system. - The transmission line should not traverse or be closed to important projects such as airports, mine warehouses, radio stations. - The transmission line should avoid slope sides to reduce landslide and erosion. - The transmission line should avoid turnings as much as possible due to high cost of angle towers. - The transmission line should use same ROW with existing kv transmission lines in order to facilitate management and operation works. * Analysis of alternative selection for thle 220 kv Thtai Binih - Hai Phtong trantsmissioni Line The Thai Binh - Hai Phong 220kV transmission line has 2 alternatives. The two alternatives are similar in environmental impacts, except for section G18-G21 and G25- G29. Comparisoni of the two altermatives is given in table as follows:

37 Section Alternative I Alternative Il G18-G21 Length, km Turning angles 4 3 Houses in ROW 6 34 Relocation possible impossible G25-G29 Length, km Turning angles 4 5 Houses in ROW 2 army warehouse Relocation possible impossible From the point of view of resettlement it is noticed that, in alternative 1 total length of the 2 sections is 8.9 km while for the altemative 2 the length is 8.2 km. However, the number of affected houses in the ROW of alternatives I is only 8, while alternative would affect 34 houses and an army facility. Calculation of compensation as well as the number of trees in household gardens to be cut show that alternative 1 is more favourable than the alternative 2. It is also difficult to negotiate to relocate the affected arny warehouse. Therefore, alternative I is selected. For the considered sections please refer to the line route map enclosed. Analysis of alternative selection for 220kV Bac Ninh Substation and associated transmission line The main target of EVN consideration building the 220kV Bac Ninh substation is to supply power to Tien Son and Que Vo industrial zones. The power delivered is to extract from the 220kV Pha Lai-Soc Son. Two alternatives for the substation are recommended. The first site is located in the cultivated land of the Viet Hung commune, Que Vo district, the other was proposed to locate in the agriculture land of Phuong Mao commune of the same district Que Vo. Associated with the substation, there is a connection line of 220kV of about 6.1 km in alternative 1 and about Ilkm for alternative 2. Therefore total permanent land acquisition and temporary land acquisition of alternative 2 are larger than alternative l's. Total affected houses in the ROW of alternatives I is only I house and the alternative 2 affects 9 houses totally. It is clear that alternative I is better than alternative 2 with less impacts on land and environment and should be selected. The line route is sketched in the layout in the annex of this report. It is showed that the line route had been very carefully spotted against impacts to the local infrastructure such as houses, industrial tree... There is no cultural, army site or any other sensitive facility to give way for the line. The line is completely located on the agricultural land and the land compensation is to be applied as described in the project RAP. 37

38 Alternative I has also been accepted by the People's Committee of Bac Ninh province in their letter on Construction site of 220kV Bac Ninh substation No 362 dated April, 1 7tl Analysis of alternative selection for 220kV Yen Bai Substation and associated transmissiont linie During selection of substation location, PECCI engineers had carefully studied different alternatives on map and at site and chose one route for investigation. Nevertheless, the location of substations are determined by the People's Committee Yen Bai province at agreement on Construction site of Yen Bai 220 kv substationi No97/UB-CN dated February, 15th 2001 and Ministry of National defence has approved only one altemative that has been selected for the project.

39 Chapter 8 PCBS DISPOSAL AND MANAGEMENT The project is to construct a new substation and a transmission line and will not rehabilitate of the existing facilities. The project will procure and install new and modern equipment without PCB. Equipment manufactured before 1954 or equipment using PCB substance such as transfonner, capacitor will not be used. A specific plan for disposal or management of PCBs therefore shall not be required in the report.

40 Chapter 9 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISSEMINATION World Bank (the Bank) policy regarding community involvement provided in detail in the WB Environmental Assessment Source Book, Vol. 1 (1991). It is summarized as follows. It is required that the borrower to publicly solicit, hear and consider the concerns of the local community, other affected groups and local NGOs (non-governmelntal organizations) and to fully incorporate into the design and implementation of the project and the Environmental Assessment (EA). The rationale for consideration and incorporation of the concerns affected parties is to assure community acceptance and enhance the viability of the project. The Bank has found that where such views have been successfully incorporated into the design and plan of implementation, the projects are more likely to be successful. The Bank has not found community participation to be an impediment to project execution. On the contrary, projects in which affcctcd parties views have been excluded are more likely to suffer from delay and issues resulting from community resistance. Vietnam is a socialist country. The State is determined by the fundamental principle "of people, from people and for people". The democratic approach to the social management of GOV is expressed in the basic principle of principle "people know, people discuss and people controrl all activities of the Government. To avoid negative impacts on project affected people. Govemmental Decree N 175/CP issued on 18 April 1994 requires that all projects in the development of industry: energy, transport, water resource, agriculture, etc. should conduct a compliant EIA study meeting the requirements of the environmental management authorities and the contents of EIA reports include predicted impacts and mitigation measures must be discussed with the PAP. The PAP will be provided with access to EIA and project summary so that they can submit their comments and concerns to the project proponents through their authorized representatives, e.g. governmental agencies (the people Committee. People Council) and/or socio-political organizations (Fatherland Front, Fanners Association, Women Union etc.) or non-governmental organizations (e.g. Vietnam Association for the Conservation of the Nature and Environment, Biological Association, Economic Association, Foresters Association etc.). These organizations should collect all comments from the local people and send them to the environmental management authorities (DOSTE at provincial level or MOSTE at central level) or even to provincial People's Council or National Assembly. During the environmental review process, all comments and requirements of the PAP should be discussed and conclusions reported to the project proponents, so that the project can develop proper alternatives and implement measures for mitigation of the negative impacts. The, project will receive an investment license, only after appropriate modification of location, design, capacity and/or technology of the project to meet the rcquirenlient of environmlental protection and resettlemenit.