Detection and Characterization of Organic Stressors in Wastewater by HPLC SEC with DOC Detection

Transcription

1 Detection and Characterization of Organic Stressors in Wastewater by HPLC SEC with DOC Detection Photography: Scott, HPLC-SEC-DOC, 216 Photography: Water Reclamation Plant, 216 BEATE STAHL 1, SYDNEY JANNETTA 2, NICOLLETTE LAROCO 2, DONDRA BILLER 2, AMANDA SCOTT 2, KATRIN SCHUHEN Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz Landau/Germany 2 GE's Analytical Instruments, Boulder/United States

2 WATER RECLAMATION PLANT 85% of San Diego s water is imported Demand is rising but rainfall is not Water reuse necessary Photograpy: 2

3 MOTIVATION More than 7, substances contaminate water Vide variety (relatively harmless or harmful for humans / wildlife) Effect: acute / long-term interaction of chemicals: some constituents only demonstrate toxicity in mixtures Danger to human and environmental health. en/abfall-arzneien-alte-farben-wasdarf-nicht-in-die Necessity to control water quality Limit the amount of contaminants Need for easy and cost-effective way to look at size fractions of all organics 3

4 TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON AND ITS MEASUREMENT Organic material UV light membrane Waste Detector Degradation products Persulfate Recorder Photograpy: Stahl, Bärensee, Stuttgart, 216 Process analytics of the waste water treatment plant Oxidation of organic molecules forming CO 2 (UV persulfate) Detection of CO 2 via membrane conductivity. DOC dissolved organic carbon <.45 µm 4

5 POTABLE WATER FROM MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER Homes & Buildings Reclamation Plant Irrigation Industry Purification Facility Water Sources Tertiary treatment Ozone O 3 Bio. Activated Carbon (BAC) Ultra filtration (UF) Drinking Water Treatment Plant Reservoir Reversed osmosis (RO) UV with Oxidation (UV) Time in Reservoir Own drawing similar to: Water Treatment Plant Portable Water Supply 5

6 POTABLE WATER FROM MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER Homes & Buildings Reclamation Plant Irrigation Industry Purification Facility Water Sources Tertiary treatment Ozone O 3 Bio. Activated Carbon (BAC) Ultra filtration (UF) Drinking Water Treatment Plant Reservoir Reversed osmosis (RO) UV with Oxidation (UV) Time in Reservoir Own drawing similar to: Water Treatment Plant Portable Water Supply 6

7 COMPARISON OF TOC AND DOC Sample Tertiary Effluent Ozone Effluent BAC Effluente RO Permeate TOC Average 9.95 ±.6 ppm 1.1 ± ppm 5.4 ±.1 ppm 79.9 ±.6 ppb %RSD.6 %. %.2 % DOC Average 9.6 ±.4 ppb 9.2 ±.4 ppb 5.3 ±.1 ppb %RSD.4 %.4 %.1 %.7 % Tertiary treatment Ozone O 3 Bio. Activated Carbon (BAC) Ultra filtration (UF) Reversed osmosis (RO) UV with Oxidation (UV) Time in Reservoir Water Treatment Plant Portable Water Supply 7

8 COMPARISON OF TOC AND DOC Sample Tertiary Effluent Ozone Effluent BAC Effluente RO Permeate TOC Average 9.95 ±.6 ppm 1.1 ± ppm 5.4 ±.1 ppm 79.9 ±.6 ppb %RSD.6 %. %.2 % DOC Average 9.6 ±.4 ppb 9.2 ±.4 ppb 5.3 ±.1 ppb %RSD.4 %.4 %.1 %.7 % Tertiary treatment Ozone O 3 Bio. Activated Carbon (BAC) Ultra filtration (UF) Reversed osmosis (RO) UV with Oxidation (UV) Time in Reservoir Water Treatment Plant Portable Water Supply 8

9 SIZE EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY (SEC) Quality and quantity of organic matter Separation of molecules by size / hydrodynamic volume UV Signal (mau) Retention time 9

10 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP - HPLC SEC UV HPLC-System Manual Injection-Valve SEC Column UV detector Organic Carbon Detection Chromatography stationary phase: Tosoh Bioscience Temp.: 24 C 2 x 3 mm, 3µm, Flow: 1 ml/min mobile phase:.4m phosphate buffer with.25m sodium sulfate 1

11 COMPARING UV-254 AND DOC UV Signal (mau) Tertiary Effluent UV-254 DOC Retention Time (min) DOC Signal (mv) Chromatography stationary phase: Tosoh Bioscience Temp.: 24 C 2 x 3 mm, 3µm, Flow: 1 ml/min mobile phase:.4m phosphate buffer with.25m sodium sulfate 11

12 COMPARING UV-254 AND DOC FOR TERTIARY EFFLUENT UV Signal (mau) UV-254 DOC DOC Signal (mv) Retention Time (min)

13 POTABLE WATER FROM MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER Tertiary treatment Ozone O 3 Bio. Activated Carbon (BAC) Irrigation Industry Ultra filtration (UF) Reversed osmosis (RO) UV with Oxidation (UV) Time in Reservoir Own drawing similar to: Water Treatment Plant Portable Water Supply 13

14 COMPARING TERTIARY AND OZONE EFFLUENT UV Signal (mau) Tertiary Effluent UV-254 DOC DOC Signal (mv) UV Signal (mau) Ozone Effluent UV-254 DOC DOC Signal (mv) Retention Time (min) Retention Time (min) 14

15 COMPARING TERTIARY AND OZONE EFFLUENT UV Signal (mau) Tertiary Effluent UV-254 DOC Retention Time (min) DOC Signal (mv) UV Signal (mau) Ozone Effluent UV-254 DOC Retention Time (min) DOC Signal (mv) 15

16 POTABLE WATER FROM MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER Tertiary treatment Ozone O 3 Bio. Activated Carbon (BAC) Irrigation Industry Ultra filtration (UF) Reversed osmosis (RO) UV with Oxidation (UV) Time in Reservoir Own drawing similar to: Water Treatment Plant Portable Water Supply 16

17 COMPARING OZONE AND BAC EFFLUENT UV Signal (mau) Ozone Effluent UV-254 DOC Retention Time (min) DOC Signal (mv) UV Signal (mau) BAC Effluent UV-254 DOC Retention Time (min) DOC Signal (mv) 17

18 POTABLE WATER FROM MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER Homes & Buildings Reclamation Plant Irrigation Industry Purification Facility Water Sources Tertiary treatment Ozone O 3 Bio. Activated Carbon (BAC) Ultra filtration (UF) Drinking Water Treatment Plant Reservoir Reversed osmosis (RO) UV with Oxidation (UV) Time in Reservoir Own drawing similar to: Water Treatment Plant Portable Water Supply 18

19 COMPARING BAC AND RO PERMEAT UV Signal (mau) BAC Effluent UV-254 DOC Retention Time (min) DOC Signal (mv) UV Signal (mau) RO Permeate UV-254 DOC Retention Time (min) DOC Signal (mv) 19

20 POTABLE WATER FROM MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER Tertiary treatment Ozone O 3 Bio. Activated Carbon (BAC) Irrigation Industry Ultra filtration (UF) Reversed osmosis (RO) UV with Oxidation (UV) Time in Reservoir Own drawing similar to: Water Treatment Plant Portable Water Supply 2

21 CONCLUSIONS Analysis of TOC, DOC, and TOC-SEC provides information on water characteristics. TOC and TOC-SEC can be used to control the efficiency of various water treatment processes Combined analysis like UV and TOC SEC provides a more comprehensive view into the removal of the various size fractions of organic carbon. The SEC-UV-TOC information can be used to optimize the performance of the cleaning process. 21

22 Our latest publication in the field: Scott, A., Schuhen, K., Water Quality Control in Various Water Treatment Processes Using TOC-SEC A Potential Analysis, in WaterSolutions 217, 3, S Schuhen, K., Stahl B., Scott, A., submitted for GIT lab journal Come and visit our Posters: You find them located No. 3 and No. 32 THANK YOU VERY MUCH! Contact: stahl.beate@gmail.com 22