3E Nexus Initiative for Sustainable Regional Development

Transcription

1 3E Nexus Initiative for Sustainable Regional Development Kazuhiko Takeuchi Senior Vice-Rector, United Nations University Director and Professor, Integrated Research System for Sustainability Science (IR3S), The University of Tokyo Chair, Central Environment Council, Government of Japan February 24, 2014(Monday) Hulhule Island Hotel Conference Hall, Maldives

2 Activities of IR3S Sustainability Science is an integrated and holistic science emerging in the 21 st Century Aims to solve pressing global issues such as climate change, resource depletion, natural disasters and poverty IR3S was founded in 2005 as a network for Japanese universities and research institutes, and aims to become a global research hub IR3S was succeeded by the Sustainability Science Consortium (SSC) in 2010 IR3S became a research institute under the umbrella of the Todai Institutes for Advanced Study (TODIAS) in 2013, as a worldclass research institute Low Carbon Society Climate change, air pollution Social System Politics Economy Industry Technology Global System Climate system Resource/Energy Ecosystems Complicated issues Mass production Mass consumption Mass disposal Material-Cycle Society Environment risk management Increase of poverty, infection, natural disasters Human System Safe and comfortable Lifestyle Health Values and norms Global, Social, and Human system relationships International Conference for Sustainability Science UNESCO, Paris

3 National Environmental Strategies towards Integration of Three Societies Approved in the first Abe Cabinet in 2007 and became the principle pillar of Japan s environmental policy Proposed to comprehensively examine the relationship of humans and nature through the integration of energy, materials and ecosystems Aims to develop a sustainable society by integrating the concepts of a Low-Carbon Society, a Resouce-Circulating Society, and a Nature-Harmonious Society Actually, global environment policy, waste recycling policy and natural environment policy are developed separately There is a need for integrated development of environmental policy with emphasis on these 3 society concepts at the regional level Integration of Three Perspectives on Sustainable Society (MOEJ) Conserving the ecosystem Sustainable society Resource-Circulating society Worldwide traditional wisdom for living harmony with nature Modern knowledge and technology (biomass, ecotourism) Establishm ent of new consortium SATOYAMA Initiative Worldwide natureharmonious societies that respect w nature and social conditions Source: Ministry of the Environment

4 Renewable Energy after the Great East Japan Earthquake Better prospects for renewable energy after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident, and promotion through feedin tariffs Solar energy, wind energy, biomass, small hydro, and geothermal have drawn greater attention The potential of renewable energy varies in different regions, hence the choice of energy should be based on the conditions of each region Renewable energy should be decentralized, and closely related to the future regional social structure A roadmap is needed for the transition from fossil fuels to a renewable energy-based society (Obihiro) Klaus Töpfer, Director of IASS(Germany)

5 Urban Environmental Planning in an Era of Population Decline and Ageing The focus has moved from how to limit urban expansion? to how to control urban degeneration? Unplanned degeneration leads in reverse sprawls and a decrease of regional vitality Maintaining urban functions and creating compact cities are the greatest challenges of the 21st century A super-ageing society with public safety, where everyone can live a healthy life with peace of mind A tsunami-hit area with a model of compact city and nature restoration, where people can safely move to higher elevation Image of a Compact City 太陽光発電の設置屋根 屋上への昔ながらの太陽光発電の設置コミュニティの維持 BRTの設置適正な資源の管理廃熱利用廃線を利用した BRTの設置冷却塔の撤廃電気自動車への変換水と緑のネットワーク新駅設置 運行本数増加 サイクル / パーク & ライド等公共交通の利便性向上歩いて暮らせる街緑の街道自転車レーンの設置廃熱利用屋上緑化太陽光発電の設置にぎわいのある公共施設の中心中心市街地市街地への移転 LRTの設置バイオ燃料自転車道の設置ステーションバイオ燃料畑 (Resource: Central Environmental Council) A City Relocation Plan (Resource: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism)

6 Energy, Environment and Ecosystems (3E) Nexus Initiative The 3E nexus is an initiative of IR3S for developing a sustainable society through integration of energy, environment (material, water, air) and ecosystems The national biodiversity strategy proposes a socioecological sphere connecting with urban and rural ecosystems The 3E Nexus Initiative has produced the idea of a regional low-emission and nature-harmonious sphere Environment Ensure safe and convenient living by recycling of resources and conserving water and air quality Energy Stable supply of energy and low-carbon society by energy saving and promotion of renewable energy 3E nexus Build a sustainable society Socio-Ecological Sphere urban Ecology Ensure effective use of biological resources by preserving biodiversity and ecosystem services Rural area Ecosystem service - Food, water, wood - Water purification, prevention of Production natural disaster - Supply of recreation place Regional society (locally produced and consumed) Consumption Fund, human resource, etc - Ecosystem restoration activities - Social economical assistances Production Regional society (locally produced and consumed) Consumption 6

7 億トン ( 石油換算 )/ 年 Rapid Growth in Asia Mass Consumption of Energy Urbanization Increase in distances traveled Urban infrastructure-building and a "car society" Westernization and higher incomes Lifestyle changes reflecting the above Environmental Pollution Deterioration in the urban water environment due to sewage from homes and commercial facilities Air pollution from heavy automobile traffic Improper collection and treatment of an everincreasing volume of solid waste, resulting from mass consumption Ecosystem Destruction Eradication of life forms as a result of urbanization and disorganized, unplanned land use Destruction of reciprocal relationships between life forms due to environmental pollution Improper management of Satochi-Satoyama in conjunction with rural depopulation その他 Other タイThailand 台湾 Taiwan インドネシア Indonesia 韓国 R. of Korea 日本 Japan インド India 中国 China Country-specific Energy Consumption in the Asia Region 年 Redrawn from BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2010

8 Social System Innovation between Urban and Rural Regions Crops (locally produced and consumed ) Compact city Culture Industry Industrial products service Community Industry Human resource, student Fund Green energy Energy company Innovation College, institute ½ industry Fund Other domestic cities, abroad Satoyama eco-village Biomass Fuel biomass community crops Crops products Tourist fund

9 3E Nexus Initiative in the Asia-Pacific Region Japan is committed to promote low carbon societies within and outside the country with a greater emphasis on the Asia-Pacific region. Seeking solutions for both global and regional issues, for both developed and developing countries. Not only for promotion of low carbon society but also towards improving regional environment and ecosystem. Text As well as contributing to the solution of environmental issues, also leading to the improvement of human well-being. Global warming Population Food Environment Poverty Energy Others Fusing Global and Regional Issues Global issues Regional issues Heat island effect Population decline and ageing Urban city land & farmland Traffic City landscape Regional vitality Others PM2.5 pollution (Zhenjiang, China)

10 Thank you very much!