Geography of Natural Resources

Transcription

1 Geography of Natural Resources

2 Resource: naturally occurring material useful to society Gold Ore

3 Renewable Resources: Resources that be regenerated more quickly than they are being used

4 Renewable Resources Soil Plants Animals Water Sun Wind

5 Nonrenewable Resources: Resources that exist in finite amounts and can be used up Natural Gas

6 Nonrenewable Resources Fossil fuels Nuclear fuels Metals Other minerals (gems, special stones)

7 Nonrenewable Energy Resources Petroleum Natural Gas Coal Oil Shale Oil Sands Nuclear Energy

8 Sources of Energy in the U.S.:

9 Major Sources of Energy in the U.S. Early 1800s: wood Late 1800s through early 1900s: coal Today: petroleum

10 Crude Oil: Nigeria

11 Crude Oil: North Sea

12 Crude Oil Movement

13 Regional Shares of Proved Oil Reserves

14 Oil Production and Consumption

15 Leading Major Oil Producers Saudi Arabia Russia U.S.

16 Leading Oil Consumers United States China Japan

17 Major Coal Basins

18 Largest Coal Producers China United States India Australia South Africa

19 Dependence on Coal for Electricity in 2011

20 Coal Development

21 Coal Ranks: from softest to hardest 1. Peat 2. Lignite 3. Bituminous 4. Anthracite

22 Coal Grades Low sulfur: less polluting, found in the Rocky Mountains High sulfur: more polluting, found in the Appalachians, not allowed in certain urban areas

23 Natural Gas Movement

24 Proved Natural Gas Reserves

25 U.S. Natural Gas Pipelines

26 Natural Gas Location associated with petroleum The cleanest fossil fuel Difficult to transport

27 Synthetic Fuels Oil Shale: enormous potential for energy production, profits depend on the proximity to the surface Oil Sands: expensive to mine, investors commonly lose money in extraction process

28 Oil Shale Deposits

29 Oil Shale in Australia

30 Oil Shale in Australia

31 Oil Sand Deposits

32 Mining Oil Sands

33 Leading Producers of Nuclear Energy

34 Nuclear Power Plants in the U.S.

35 World Nuclear Power Plants

36 Nuclear Power: Milwaukee, Wisconsin

37 Nuclear Power: Three Mile Island

38 Chernobyl, Ukraine

39 Radiation Model After Chernobyl

40 Renewable Energy Resources Wood Waste Hydroelectricity Solar Energy Geothermal Energy Wind

41 Wood: its continued use is leading to the depletion of forest resources

42 Wood for cooking in Malawi and Guatemala Malawi Guatemala

43 Waste: Anaerobic digester used to create methane

44 Waste: fermented to create methane

45 Hydroelectric Power: falling water powers generators to produce electricity

46 Hydroelectric Power

47 China: Three Gorges Dam

48 Three Gorges Dam

49 Solar Energy: Mainly possible in sunny climates. It is pollution free, but it is difficult to harness.

50 Solar Energy Photovoltaic System

51 Solar Energy Parabolic Trough

52 Geothermal Energy: steam produced when water contacts heated rocks in the earth s crust

53 Geothermal Energy

54 Geothermal Energy California

55 Geothermal Energy: New Zealand

56 Geothermal Energy: Iceland

57 Wind Power: wind turbines drive generators to produce electricity

58 Wind power in California and Alberta California Alberta, Canada

59 Metals: The U.S. is becoming more dependent on other countries for is metals

60 Depletion of Metal Resources

61 U.S. Metals Imports

62 U.S. Copper Ore Concentration

63 Copper Mining: Bingham Canyon, Utah

64 Naturally Fertile Soils

65 Fertile Soils Grassland soils have more nutrients since rainfall is low. Nutrients are not leached from the soil quickly. Alluvial soils that have been formed by river water are continually replenished with nutrients

66 Grassland Soils: Mollisols in the U.S.

67 Profiles of Grassland Soils

68 Alluvium: Nile River, Egypt

69 Floodplains: Alluvium being deposited

70 Infrared View of Farming on a Floodplain