Geologic CO 2 Sequestration in Kansas

Transcription

1 Geologic CO 2 Sequestration in Kansas Presented to: House Environment Committee Presented by: Timothy R. Carr tcarr@kgs.ku.edu

2 Outline Overview of Green House Gas (GHG) Sequestration Terrestrial, Geologic, Ocean, Other Kansas CO 2 Emissions, Challenges and Opportunities Value-Added Approach State of the Technology Current Projects Russell Kansas CO 2 Partnerships Planned Projects Cement Flue Gas Landfill Gas Potential Projects FutureGen

3 Fossil Energy Foundation for Energy in the 21 st Century Quads Fossil fuels provide 85% of energy (67% of electricity) Coal 22% Oil 39% Gas 24% +32% Renewables 7% Nuclear 8% Coal 21% Oil 40% Gas 26% Quads By 2020, reliance on fossil fuels could grow to 90% Renewables 7% Nuclear 6% Source: AEO 2002, Table A1

4 CO 2 & CH 4 Primary GHG Contributors United States Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Equivalent Global Warming Basis) Other CO 2 3% CO 2 from Energy 81% Methane 9% Nitrous Oxide 5% HFCs, PFCs, SF 6 2% EIA Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the U.S.: 2000

5 Kansas Sources for CO 2 Capture Primary Sources Power Plants 42.1 mm tons Non-combustion Sources Cement 1.3 mm tons (36%) Non-combustion (3.7 mm tons) Ammonia 1.9 mm tons (49%) Refinery 0.2 mm tons (6%) Ethanol 0.3 mm tons (9%) Annual CO Emissions 2

6 CO 2 Sequestration Options Terrestrial Sinks CO2 Capture & Sequestration Modeling & Assessment Ocean Sequestration Advanced Concepts Geologic Sequestration Ocean Unmineable Coal Beds Depleted Oil or Gas Reserves Enhanced Oil Recovery Deep Saline Aquifier Sources: Derived From NETL & IEA Illustrations

7 Large Potential Worldwide Storage Capacity 100,000 10,000 Capacity (Gigatons) 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Klara, DOE Deep Ocean Saline Depleted Reservoirs Oil Reservoirs Depleted Gas Reservoirs Storage Option Coal Seams Annual World Emissions 6.2 Gigatons Storage Options: IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Program; Advanced Resources International estimates for coal seams World Emissions: International Energy Outlook 2000, Table A10

8 Sequestration Opportunities Opportunity Sources of CO 2 Emissions Where CO 2 capture is inexpensive Value-Added Carbon Storage Depleting oil reserves Unminable coal seams Damaged land Proximity Between source and sink New Technologies & Techniques CO 2 capture CO 2 injections Measurement & verification Advocates Industry State and local government Citizen s groups

9 CO fro 2 me than olan d En hanc edo ilr ecov ery Op portun ityfo r Valu e-ad ded geo logic COs 2 eque stratio n Et hanol produc tionto doubl eby20 05 Sourceof pureco 2withouta market Locationo reservoirs fneweth distanto anolplancogeo tsnearm logicco atureoilsources C 2Oemis sionr 2eductio ninte 2 restis in creasin g Po tentia ltoinc reased omes tic eno ergyp tpolit roduct icalys ionin ensitiv region sthata re Link Project edsystem s Russell, Kansas Project USEP Ethanol Plant Ethanol Plant Site 7 miles CO 2 Pilot CO Pilot Site 2 Scale in Miles Russell is centered in oil, grain and cattle region

10 The CO 2 EOR Oil Resource Repressure 4/23/ /10 3/20 3/30 4/9 4/19 4/29 5/9

11 Russell Linked Energy System Water 18.5# Carbon Dioxide One Bushel Milo Fermentation 2.7 Gallons Ethanol Heat 18# Cattle Feed (DDG) Raw Materials Ethanol Plant Products Annual Impact 2.6 BCF (148k tons) 500 Thousand Barrels Oil 48 Million Gallons Ethanol Modified from RFA, artwork by Acker 1 ton CO 2 = mcf Feed Pellets Feed Supplement 200,000 Head

12 Kansas Coalbed Methane Activity 25 mi 25 km known coal bed gas projects NUMBER of WELLS DRILLED for COALBED GAS by county (through mid-2003) Cowley 0 0 Pottawatomie Butler 0 Morris Chase Forest City Basin Bourbon Arch Cherokee Basin Elk Wabaunsee Lyon Jackson Shawnee 8 0 Greenwood Chautauqua Nemaha Brown Osage Coffey Woodson Wilson Montgomery 568 Atchison Jefferson Doniphan Douglas Franklin Anderson Allen Neosho 24 Labette 86 Leavenworth Miami Wyandotte Johnson 123 Linn 13 Bourbon Crawford 11 0 Cherokee 0 N oil oil & gas gas gas pipeline OIL & GAS FIELDS and major gas pipelines (8")

13 Coal, an Unconventional Reservoir Fractured Reservoir Micropores

14 Methane Production from Micropores and ECBM Production Sorption Isotherms CO 2 Desorption Methane Replacement by CO 2

15 SE Kansas CBM Production Billion Cubic Feet Production (Bcf) Value Estimated 2003 Annual Value Assumes Constant Production and Price for Remainder of Year Includes Gas Production for Labette, Montgomery, Neosho and Wilson counties 2003 Production Through November 2003 Prices through September 9.06 $50 $45 $40 $35 $30 $25 $20 $15 $10 Dollars Millions Wellhead 1 $ Year $0

16 Kansas Industrial CO 2 Sources Sugar Creek Lafarge Fredonia Oil and Gas Fields CBM Oil Oil & Gas Gas Industry Cement Power Ethanol Ammonia Refinery

17 Southeast Kansas Partially miscible and immiscible CO 2 EOR El Dorado Salyards Trend, 25 Miles El Dorado Field 214 m tons/yr Golden Lanes Salyards Trend Enhanced Coalbed Methane (N 2 and CO 2 ) Cement plant gas stream may be best suited for ECBM Greenwood Co. Lafarge CBM 249 1, Oil and Gas Fields CBM Oil Oil & Gas Gas Industry Cement Power Ethanol Ammonia Refinery

18 Cement Production Dry Kiln Portland Cement Process Calcination Process CaCO 3 > CaO + CO tons CO2 / ton cement CO 2 and N 2 kiln gas mix may be suitable for ECBM with little processing

19 Kansas Industrial CO 2 Sources Deffenbaugh Fredonia Oil and Gas Fields CBM Oil Oil & Gas Gas Industry Cement Power Ethanol Ammonia Refinery

20 Landfill Gas

21 Landfill Gas A B C D

22 Landfill Gas Landfill Gas (LFG) CH 4, CO 2, NMOC Pipeline

23 FutureGen

24 Expected Program Costs Project Definition Engineering & Procurement Plant Construction Sequestration Design/Construction $ 20MM 60MM 360MM 320MM Plant Operation _ 220MM Total $1000MM

25 Coffeyville, Kansas, Petroleum Coke Gasification Plant

26 Kansas Industrial CO 2 Sources Fredonia Oil and Gas Fields CBM Oil Oil & Gas Gas Industry Cement Power Ethanol Ammonia Refinery

27 CO 2 Trivia 1 ton CO 2 = mcf 1 tonne CO 2 = mcf 5 mcf CO 2 / BO (Net utilization: Sequestered?) Combustion of 1 barrel of oil yields 8 mcf (.46 ton) CO 2 Perspective: US Annual Anthropogenic Emissions 6.3 Billion tons KS Annual Anthropogenic Emissions 46 Million tons An average human exhales 5.6 mcf (1/3 ton) CO 2 / yr