The City School PAF Chapter Comprehensive Worksheet December 2017 Geography Class 8 Answer key

Transcription

1 The City School PAF Chapter Comprehensive Worksheet December 2017 Geography Class 8 Answer key

2 Q1. Fill in the blanks: (5 marks) 1. trade 2. France 3. one child policy 4. prop roots 5. discards Q2. State whether the below terms are true or false, and if false state the reason. (5 Marks) a. False- in 1980s b. False- If the infant mortality rate decreases the population increases. c. True d. False- Monacco e. False- by British Q3. Choose the best option and encircle it. (5 Marks) 1) Lahore to Islamabad % 2) UK 3) Malaysia 4) Indus Q4. Match the columns A and B and write correct answers in column C (5 Marks) A B C 1 Highest % of population a-refugees Asia 2 The Boat people b-pakistan Refugees 3 Census c-mangroves Counting people 4 Solar park d- Asia Pakistan 5 Barrier e- Counting people Mangroves Ans 5 - (a) The TREND of the graph for Murree shows that the population did not increase constantly, it sometimes increased and sometimes decreased. (b) Reasons for increase in population: (1) immigrants arrived from Kashmir (2) The 1971 Census was taken in September when most of the population was in Murree. Reasons for decrease in population: (1) Water shortages and cholera epidemics (2) The 1981 Census was taken in March when most of the population was in other parts of the country.

3 Ans (1) Some causes of destruction of mangroves in Pakistan are: (2 Marks) (1) Shortage of water in the Indus Delta due to barrage s and dams upstream (2) Water pollution due to industrial waste and chemical waste thrown in water and due to port activities (3) Mangrove trees are being cut down for domestic use by the local people e.g. for firewood, timber, fodder( parts of plant e.g leaves of the trees for the cattle to eat) Ans (b) 1- They act as a barrier in some ways for e.g ( 3 Marks) (a) they stop Tsunami, floods and storms (b) Check the intrusion which means they stop the movement of water further inland and the soil becomes salty which destroys the crop land (c) They stop the water from coming further inland and from destroying the houses and crops of the local people (2) They act as nurseries for young fish (3) They provide food to many species living in water (4) They make a very rich ecosystem as many types of animals live there and find food. (5) They act as a breeding area for the fish as they lay eggs there and their babies live there till they grow up. Q 2- What is C-PEC? Discuss its importance. How will it help the two countries linked with C-PEC?.. (5 Marks) C-PEC stands for The China- Pakistan Economic Corridor It is a route from Gwadar ( in Karachi) to Kashghar ( in West China).This route leads to the Karakoram Highway which crosses into China through the Khunjerab Pass(the way to enter China from Pakistan s border). This route is being constructed by China. China is spending the entire money and using her work force (workers) for this route. China will trade through this route with Pakistan, Europe and Africa. Previously China used to trade with Africa and Europe through the China Sea. China imports oil from Saudi Arabia and the Middle East and sends exports to Africa and Europe through this sea route. It is a long route which takes more time and costs a lot as the ships need to use much oil to travel through the Sea. China will be able to save money spent on oil as an oil pipeline will be laid from Gwadar to Kashgar which will reduce the cost of transport by two-thirds. This route will reduce the time taken and money spent on the journey to Europe and Africa, as trucks from China will travel on this route ( C-PEC) and bring the goods ( things) to Gwadar to be sent as exports by ships. This route will benefit other countries as well as they will also be able to use it for their trade for e.g. The new land locked Central Asian states ( Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgystan) etc. China and Pakistan have signed a treaty according to which for 40 years China will take and use 91% of the profit that will come from the taxes paid by the countries that will use this route for their trade. Pakistan will get only 9 % share. China will be able to develop west part of China by establishing industry over there and people living in the east China will be attracted to the west China and the burden of population will decrease in east China as 94% lives in east China and only 6% lives in west China. Pakistan will get only 9 % share from the profit but China has given other benefits to Pakistan for e g. (1) construction of the world s biggest Solar Park in Cholistan desert in south of Bahawalpur (2) The widening of the Karakoram Highway (3) Improvements to the rail links from Karachi to Peshawar (4) The construction of an international airport at Gwadar (5) Hydal power project ( which is Neelam Power Project on river Neelam) in northern areas (6) Improvement in producing energy at Chashma Power Plant (7) Installation of windmills for creating energy

4 Q 3- (a) Explain the birth and growth of cantonments before partition and their changing role after partition.. (5 Marks) Ans- A Cantonment is a special type of urban zone. Their role : Before partition: Whenever the British occupied new territory in the sub- continent in the 18 th and 19 th centuries, they built a garrison town usually next to an existing old city. Its purpose was to act as a base for part of the British Army so that the army could keep control of the local area. This army base had stores and workshops for the military equipment and barracks to house the soldiers. Bungalows with gardens were usually built for the officers, some of whose wives and families also lived there, A cantonment also provided everything needed by the military, e.g. a church, club, cemetery and shops, and life was generally comfortable for them. Local people worked in the cantonment, e.g. as servants and in shops, but they returned at night to their homes in villages and in the old city. In the 18 th and 19 th centuries cantonments were usually temporarily military quarters but by the 20 th century they had become permanent garrisons. Their permanence was confirmed by military reforms of Lord Kitchener in 1903 and the Cantonment Act After partition When the British returned to the UK, the need for cantonments no longer existed, however, the new Pakistani Army took over the ownership of the land and control of the cantonment from the British and they continued to be administered by their Cantonment Boards. Cantonments now are usually made up of shops, offices and houses including houses for army officers. The land in some cantonments e.g. the Karachi cantonment, is valuable. The city has grown outwards so the old cantonment is near the city centre. Q 4- State the meaning of the term sustainable tourism Explain how development of tourism in an area may be. (5 Marks) 1. A benefit to the area. economy of that area increases Local people get employment Roads and transport in that area get better Health facilities in the area get better Communication facilities are improved The area gets fame Area gets developed Local people s income increases Local people will learn new languages 2. A disadvantage for the area. Local people s culture and traditions get disturbed Traffic and noise pollution Natural environment is changed into human environment Trees will be cut down for development e.g. for making roads Prices of household things increase and they don t remain affordable for the locals Pollution due to garbage Animals get homeless when trees n that area are cut down Animals get disturbed due to lighting at night and loud music used by tourists Q 5- (a) Define bio-fuels. Explain the significance of bio-fuels. (3 Marks) Ans- Bio- fuels are the fuels that we obtain from the living things. For e.g. firewood, crop residue( left over parts of crop plants after we get the grains or seeds from the plant) and animal dung( animal waste) Bio- fuels are called as sustainable fuels as they are renewable source of energy. They are environment friendly as they don t cause as much pollution as the fossil fuels( coal, oil, gas) cause.

5 Significance of bio-fuels. When animal waste is collected and thrown into a hole dug in the ground and covered with a lid, methane gas is produced when the waste decomposes in absence of oxygen( as the hole in the ground was covered with a lid).methane gas is similar to the natural gas and can be filled in the cylinders and burnt by the villagers for cooking food etc. Easily available to the villagers Low cost/ cheap price Actually cleans the ground for e.g. when the animal waste is collected so these fuels are sustainable S These fuels are renewable source of energy as they will be available till the life exists on the Earth (b) Explain how fishing can be made sustainable (2 Marks). Fishing can be made sustainable by: No over- fishing in any area Put some young and baby fish in the area that is previously over- fished Provide food to the fish in that area Ban fishing in that area for some time so that the fish you put in that water gets a chance to grow and reproduce No fishing should be done in the breeding season so the adult fish can reproduce Don t catch baby fish Don t pollute water as fish die because of water pollution Don t destroy breeding grounds/ areas of the fish e.g mangrove forests Try to reduce the by- catch( by- catch is the extra type of fish caught when some specific type of fish is being caught, that extra caught fish is called as discards and is thrown back into the water. Use traditioanal methods of small scale fishing methods