London Group on Environmental Accounting 9 th Meeting Copenhagen, Denmark, September 2004

Transcription

1 London Group on Environmental Accounting 9 th Meeting Copenhagen, Denmark, September 24 accounts in the Republic of Moldova: pilot study, results and advantages ( Data Centre project/ Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Moldova). Report prepared Dr. Jana Tafi with technical assistance of the Data Centre team 1. Moldova is a country with a rather high density of population, mainly orientated towards agricultural production: more than 126 persons live on 1 km2 and more than one third of GDP is produced by the agrarian sector of the. One of the actual problems lies in security, which has turned into a national problem due to a deficit of resources, accentuated by internal and external factors leading to pollution of resources in the context of an abrupt climatic change having a negative influence on reserves. The solution depends largely on providing society with reliable information on resources and the level of its scar. At the end of the 9s, the necessity to check the availability and relevance of statistics for resources as well as its correspondence to international and European standards, lead to implement the first pilot-study of the physical accounts for On July 1998, an environment statistics project, steered by Eurostat, Ifen, (the French Environment Institute) being the principal operator has taken place in Moldova, the main action being a pilot study on accounts. During the study, it was clear that one of the limiting factors to the physical accounts of was the absence of an informatics database on in Moldova. The first physical accounts were therefore continued within framework of the new project Data Centre in Moldova, which started in October 21 with technical support by the French. The aim of the project consisted of the creation of a national Data Centre making it possible to manage the whole data relating to issues and implementing physical accounts in Moldova. In January-June 2 was organized the collection and according to this the filling of the first experimental tables 8.3/ 8.5 Supply and Use & 8.4 Matrix of flows for 1994 and For simplification, tables 8.3/8.5 of SEEA (Chapter 8) h way of work and of presentation results on these tables has decided to combine and been combined to create a single Table on Supply and Use, which is currently in use for assessment activities. Below are given examples of the Combined Supply and Use Tables, which describe flows between the and environment and within the for 1994, 1998, 2 and 22.

2 n Table 8.3/8.5 Supply & Use Table, Moldova, 1998 Million cubic metres from the enironment use to the environment U1 abstraction 69, , ,3 from surface ,1 of which reservoırs/dams of whıch lakes of whıch rıvers of whıch sprıngs from ground (wells, ) 26,5 2, from other (sea) for own use for delivery U2 received 51,4 17,2 1,1 7, ,7 received by users of which recycled 213 Waste for sewerage , S2 supplied, , ,7 supplied to users, of which recycled Waste supplied to sewerage S3 residuals & returns , , ,3 Lost from irrigation (infiltration) Treated waste Untreated waster 11, Cooling (energy) 78,5 79 used for hydroelectri lost in transport 16,5 8, Other loss of and adjustment -8-8 S4 Consumption 25 24,7 Evaporation and Evapotranspiration 24,6 25 Direct discharge to the sea supply, residuals & consumption 12, ,7 Table 8.4 Matrix of flows, Moldova, 1998 Manufacturin g & Manufacturi ng & Constructio irrigation irrigation municipal municipal Rest of the World Million cubic metres,1,1,2,7 7,3 8 Manufacturing irrigation 5,5 5,5 municipal 16, ,8 32,5 33, U2 To tal received (use) 51,4 17,2 1,1 7, ,7 Rest of the World S2 supplied Table 8.3/8.5 Supply & Use Table; Moldova,2 Thousand cubic metres from the enironment U1 abstraction from surface irrigation of which reservoırs/dams of whıch lakes 5 5 of whıch rıvers of whıch sprıngs from ground (wells, ) from other (sea) for own use for delivery U2 received 4644,7 6569, , ,4 received by users of which recycled Waste for sewerage ,4 S2 supplied , ,4 supplied to users , use of which recycled 159, Waste supplied to sewerage S3 residuals & returns , ,24 Lost from irrigation (infiltration) Treated waste Untreated waste Cooling (energy) used for hydroelectri lost in transport Other loss of and adjustment S4 Consumption ,76 Evaporation and Evapotranspiration Direct discharge to the sea supply, residuals & consumpti ,4 to the environment municipal &Ser vices s Table 8.4 Matrix of flows, Moldova,2 Thousand cubic metres irrigation municipal &Ser vices s S2 supplied , Manufacturing irrigation municipal &Services U2 received (use) 4644,7 6569, , ,4

3 Table 8.3/8.5 Supply & Use Table, Moldova, 22 from the enironment irrigation municipal &Servi ces s thousandcubic metres U1 abstraction from surface of which reservoırs/dams of whıch lakes of whıch rıvers of whıch sprıngs from ground (wells, ) from other (sea) for own use for delivery U2 received received by users of which recycled Waste for sewerage S2 supplied supplied to users use of which recycled Waste supplied to sewerage S3 residuals & returns ,4 Lost from irrigation (infiltration) Treated waste Untreated waste Cooling (energy) used for hydroelectri lost in transport Other loss of and adjustment S4 Consumption ,6 Evaporation and Evapotranspiration Direct discharge to the sea supply, residuals & consumpti to the environment Table 8.4 Matrix of flows, Moldova, 22 irrigation municipal &Servi ces s thousand cubic metres Manufacturing irrigation municipal &Services U2 received (use) S2 supplied 3. During the project, a set of intermediate interlinked sub-tables of supply and use by sectors of has been constructed and implemented. It was very helpful in filling Main tables 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, taking into consideration national statistics capa and experience. It makes the best use of the questionnaire of the national statistical survey about Consumption run by the public company Apele Moldova (National Agency ).

4 Sector Form ISIC/ NACE Code Sectors irrigation municipal supplied to users of which recycled received by users of which recycled Waste supplied to sewerage Waste received for sewerage EA.12 & EA.2 EA.1313 EA.1311 EA.1312 EA.132 (except 2.4) Inland bodies Inland Sea + Rivers Reservoirs/ Sea Lakes Ground Land/Soil Dams Springs streams Abstraction Large and medium enteprises Waste discharge Large and medium enterprises Waste discharge after treatment Waste discharge insufficient treated Waste discharge after treatment Clean discharge without treatment. Waste discharge without treatment. Waste discharge without treatment lost in transport Other loss of Large and medium enterprises Consumption/ evaporation Large and medium enterprises Consumption/ return to sea The survey on is an annual postal report from economic agents; it is mandatory, organized and conducted since 1983 for all suppliers and users. This survey gives data in m3 on withdrawals, supply, consumption, losses during use and supply, sewage drain as well as the volume of discharge of polluting substances in tons. In ten years, the number of economic agents increased from 5 to 193 units. Therefore, the National Agency has met difficulties in maintaining traditional statistical survey related to consumption. Graphs. indicators, Moldova, abstraction, mil cubm consumption, mil cubm dicharge, mil cubm Industry, mil cubm, mil cubm Irigation, mil cubm Communal supply, mil cubm Agricultural supply, mil cubm Source: Apele Moldovei Apele Moldovei has recognized the existence of a problem concerning the quality of the survey on consumption and reviewed its general approach: shifting from exhaustive collection of data to selective methods of surveillance, to use more calculation methodologies, as well accounts, which would permit estimate abstraction, supply and consumption in different sectors of the national. In 2, the first supply and use tables as well asset account detected unreliable patterns concerning abstraction with use by households.

5 It has decided to organize and carry out special ecological survey within a sample frame of households (House Budget Survey) to estimate abstraction, consumption and pollution by the households. Due the results of the Survey only one third of population has connected to supplied system and 3% to sanitation, others are drinking self-withdrawn. s volume of self-abstracted constituted 3-mil mc self-discharged 26 mil cm sewerages. In totally they consumed 162-mil mc supplied or self pumped in urban and rural areas. It was therefore possible to built new sets of intermediate interlinked sub-accounts of supply and use detailing households, for defining possible ways to correct calculations. ISIC/ NACE Code Sectors irrigation municipal Services supplied to users Cities of which recycled Villages received by users Cities of which recycled Villages Waste supplied to sewerage Cities Villages Waste received for sewerage Cities Villages bodies Inland + Sea EA.1311 EA.1312 EA.1313 EA.132 Reservoirs/ Dams Springs streams EA.12 & EA.2 (except 2.4) Abstraction Cities Villages Waste discharge Cities Villages Lakes Rivers Ground Land/Soil Inland Sea Waste discharge after treatment Cities Villages Waste discharge insufficient treated Cities Villages Waste discharge after treatment Cities Villages Clean discharge without treatment. Cities Villages Waste discharge without treatment. 26 Cities Villages Waste discharge without treatment Cities Villages lost in transport Cities Villages Other loss of Cities Villages Consumption/ evaporation Cities Villages Consumption/ return to sea Cities Villages These actions made progress possible to update and to overcome data gaps. Data are more complete for 2 and 22 (main table 8.3/8.5) as well for detail of flows between economic sectors (table 8.4). 4. There is another important point coming during the account studies that demonstrated weak areas of statistics on resources, derived indicators, which qualitative side evokes doubts regarding data reliability. This peculiarity requests revision of data surveys and monitoring, data collection process and parallel changes of national methodologies to assess indicators according to European standards.

6 Hou seho lds w ater co nsu m p tio n, M oldo va, 2 reporting data & data w ater account R e p o r t W a t e r A c c o u n t Supplied -total Abstracted -total Canalized -total Noncanalized -total R e p o r t 5. Therefore, the role of accounts is obvious, as one of the main means of study of environmental problems linked to the state and assessment of natural resources. It contributed to defining governmental policies in the sphere of natural resources and determined directions for reforming and development of government bodies responsible for protection. Mainly it has become particularly critical after Moldova has signed the International Conventions, having now to fulfill its obligation, providing transparent harmonized information system, informing in particular about international and transboundaries resources. Implementing physical accounts demanded an inter institutional information network a Data Center, which is acting and settled under the authority of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources. Main partners and data holders are the Central services of the Ministry, the State Ecological Inspectorate, the Service of Hydro-meteorology, the geological institute AGeoM, the public agency Apele Moldovei and the National Centre of Scientific-Practical Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health. The Data Centre is used for the current activities of the participating organisations involved in management in Moldova: elaboration, implementation and follow up of the National Strategies, al National Action Programmes on issue, especially into the context of the national sustainable development. As well, the WDC is used for reporting on data to the international organizations, compatible with the European standards. Jana Tafi Reference: 1. Inland accounts of the Republic of Moldova, July 2, EUROSTAT, TACIS Project Environment Statistics 2. Statistical Survey Consumption, Association Apele Moldovei, 1994,1998, 2,22, 3. Ecological survey Environmental pollution by households, 1999, DSS 4. Ecological survey Impact of household to resource, 21, DSS 5. Creation of a national database on. Firts results and perspectives of the project Data Centre in Moldova, Scientific Journal of Information and Ecological Culture Mediului Ambiant, nr.4(9) August 23, Ministry of Ecology, and Territorial Development of Moldova, 23