ANNUAL REPORT 1st January st December 2008

Transcription

1 ANNUAL REPORT 1st January st December 2008 FOR SURFACE WATER LICENCE No ISSUED UNDER SECTION 5C OF THE RIGHTS IN WATER IRRIGATION ACT 1914 PO Box 573 Carpentaria Street Kununurra WA 6743 Ph: Fax: PREPARED BY: Clare Taylor and Anna Price BROLGAS ENVIRONMENT

2 COMMITMENT TO WATER LICENCE This annual report is a key condition of the Licence to Take Water granted to the Ord Irrigation Cooperative (OIC) by the Department of Water (DoW) on the 30 th September The Licence allows the diversion of water from the Ord River to supply water for non potable commercial and irrigation use. The annual report is guided by the Operating Strategy, a strategy designed to improve the diversion and distribution of water for the Stage 1 channel systems of the Ord River Irrigation Area (ORIA). This annual report is the fifth since the OIC has been licensed. Previous annual reporting years have been from 1 st November to the 31 st October (Commitment 11, Commitment 18 and Commitment 27). With permission from DoW, the annual reporting year was changed in 2008 to a calendar year, 1 st January to the 31 st of December, this report covers this period for Commitment 1 in the OIC Operating Strategy states The licensee shall implement the commitments of this Operating Strategy. Throughout this document reporting is aligned with commitments from the Operating Strategy. As shall be demonstrated in this annual report the diversion of water for irrigation supply into the Ord River Irrigation Area Stage 1 has been within OIC s licence conditions (Commitment 2 & 3). Commitment 7, 10, 12, 13, 14, 31 & 32 have not required any action on the part of OIC. Commitments 46, 47 & 50 are met by completing and submitting this annual report to DoW. ANNUAL REPORT 2008 I

3 CONTENTS PAGE: COMMITMENT TO WATER LICENCE... I CONTENTS PAGE:... II TABLES... III FIGURES... IV CONTACT DETAILS WATER ENTITLEMENTS Water Use Land Use: current and scheduled CLIMATE WATER DIVERSION Lake Kununurra On-farm DISTRIBUTION EFFICIENCY System Delivery Efficiency Partitioning of System Water Use Improvements in Distribution System Data DRAINAGE DISCHARGE Drainage system Volume Drainage efficiency Drainage Flow Reduction Improvements in Surface Drainage system Data Water Quality Target improvement and management actions GROUNDWATER Monitoring Levels Quality Extension REVIEW OF WUIP APPENDIX 1: GROWER SURVEY OF PLANTED AREAS APPENDIX 2: MONITORING DATA Calculation for Operational Flow Calculation for Relief/Wasteway Flow APPENDIX 3: DRAINAGE FLOW CALCULATIONS APPENDIX 4: ANALYTES TESTED FOR IN WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS APPENDIX 5: EXAMPLE OF GROUNDWATER MAPPING APPENDIX 6: GROUNDWATER BORES ANNUAL REPORT 2008 II

4 APPENDIX 7: GROUNDWATER LEVELS WITHIN THE ORIA APPENDIX 8: GROUNDWATER QUALITY WITHIN THE ORIA APPENDIX 9: ON FARM WATER QUALITY MONITORING TRIAL FACT SHEET APPENDIX 10: ELISA KIT TRIAL FACT SHEET APPENDIX 11: CHEMICAL RISK FACT SHEET APPENDIX 12: LEVEL BASIN TRIAL FACT SHEET APPENDIX 13: DRAINAGE RE USE TRIAL FACT SHEET TABLES Table 1 Number of OIC C Class shareholders for the previous and current reporting years.. 2 Table 2 Irrigated land areas in the ORIA... 4 Table 3 Number of land managers that are responsible for the given area categories Table 4 OIC shareholders planted areas for the 2008 and 2009 growing season, Ivanhoe area... 5 Table 5 OIC shareholders planted areas for the 2008 and 2009 growing season, Packsaddle area... 5 Table 6 Summary of planted areas and expected irrigation requirements for the 2009 growing season Table 7 OIC shareholders planted areas for the 2008 and 2009 growing season, for the entire Ord Irrigation Area Table 8 Area of irrigated land where managers have or will plant tree crops Table 9 Area of irrigation area left bare fallow over the 2008/2009 wet season Table 10 Volumes of water diverted from Lake Kununurra in ML (Commitment 10 & 18)... 9 Table 11 Amount of water supplied on-farm from Lake Kununurra (Commitment 19 & 20) Table 12 Monthly distribution system efficiencies for Distribution efficiency is the total water used by farms from the water diverted from Lake Kununurra (Commitment 21). Shaded areas indicate months where the 80% efficiency target has been reached. 12 Table 13 Ivanhoe monthly distribution system efficiency for Note: shaded cells indicate months where the distribution efficiency target of 80% has been reached Table 14 Packsaddle monthly distribution system efficiency for 2008, Note: shaded cells indicate months where the distribution efficiency target of 80% has been reached.. 13 Table 15 Monthly distribution system efficiency for 2008 incorporating partitioning of system water use (Negative efficiencies indicate months which have been severely affected by rainfall July and December Table 16 Irrigation catchment areas for each of the monitored irrigation drains Table 17 Volumes of drainage water (ML) (Commitment 23) Table 18 Irrigation return flows and drain efficiencies (Commitment 24). Note: shaded cells indicate months where rainfall affected efficiency Table 19 Drainage flow reductions (Commitment 28) Table 20 Groundwater monitoring conducted by OIC in the ORIA during Table 21 Bores with groundwater levels of concern Table groundwater quality summary ANNUAL REPORT 2008 III

5 FIGURES Figure 1 Boundaries of Stage 1 of the Ord River Irrigation Area (ORIA) Figure 2 Total monthly rainfall and evaporation during 2008 from weather stations located within the ORIA Figure 3 Annual trends in the volume of water diverted from Lake Kununurra for irrigation... 8 Figure 4 Annual trend in volume of water delivered to farms during dry season (Apr - Oct) within the ORIA Figure 5 Annual trend in total volume of water delivered to farms within the ORIA Figure 6 Annual trend in distribution efficiency for each reporting year in ORIA Figure 7 Annual trend in distribution efficiency for the dry season (Apr-Oct) in the ORIA Figure 8 Partitioning of water diverted from Lake Kununurra into water delivered on-farm, water used in operation of channel system, water used in channel reliefs and wasteways and unaccounted water Figure 9 Drainage points monitored by OIC during Figure 10 Drainage catchments of ORIA Figure 11 Cumulative volumes of discharge water for the dry season (Apr-Oct) Figure 12 Cumulative volumes of discharge water for the entire reporting year Figure 13 Cumulative discharges by the hectare (ML/ha) of irrigation drainage water for the dry season Figure 14 Cumulative discharges by the hectare (ML/ha) of irrigation drainage water for the entire reporting period Figure 15 Seasonal trends in drainage efficiency and rainfall Figure 16 Seasonal trends in drainage efficiency and rainfall with smaller scale Figure 17 Annual trend in dry season drainage volume Figure 18 Annual trend in dry season irrigation drainage water per hectare Figure 19 Drainage water quality points monitored by OIC during Figure 20 Total number of drainage water samples that have exceeded endosulphan guidelines (0.2 ug/l) since Figure 21 Percentage of water samples from drains in the ORIA with endosulphan or atrazine present Figure 22 Seasonal trends of Total Nitrogen (TN) in drainage water quality in the ORIA. Background is 2006 data while bars are 2008 data. The red line indicates 2008 onfarm water quality targets for drainage water quality Figure 23 Seasonal trends of Total Phosphorus (TP) in drainage water quality in the ORIA. Background is 2006 data while bars are 2008 data. The red line indicates 2008 onfarm water quality targets for drainage water quality Figure 24 Seasonal trends of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in drainage water quality in the ORIA. Background is 2006 data while bars are 2008 data. The red line indicates 2008 on-farm water quality targets for drainage water quality Figure 25 Annual Total Nitrogen (TN) trends in drainage water in the ORIA, separated by drains. Background is 2006 data while bars are 2008 data. The red line indicates 2008 on-farm water quality targets for drainage water quality ANNUAL REPORT 2008 IV

6 Figure 26 Annual Total Phosphorus (TP) trends in drainage water in the ORIA, separated by drains. Background is 2006 data while bars are 2008 data. The red line indicates 2008 on-farm water quality targets for drainage water quality Figure 27 Annual Total Suspended Solids (TSS) trends in drainage water in the ORIA, separated by drains. Background is 2006 data while bars are 2008 data. The red line indicates 2008 on-farm water quality targets for drainage water quality Figure 28 Frequency distribution plots for water samples collected from ORIA drains between Figure 29 Trends in 80th percentile and median (50th percentile) values for water quality variables measured between Figure 30 Location of groundwater monitoring bores and groundwater management areas within the ORIA Figure 31 Annual groundwater map for the ORIA, Compiled by Tony Smith CSIRO Perth Figure 32 Annual groundwater map for the ORIA, Compiled by Tony Smith CSIRO Perth Figure 33 Annual groundwater maps for the ORIA, Compiled by Tony Smith CSIRO Perth Figure 34 Year of maximum water table for the ORIA (1995 to 2005). Developed by Tony Smith (CSIRO Perth) ANNUAL REPORT 2008 V

7 CONTACT DETAILS Commitment 4 requires the licensee to advise the commission of changes to official contacts. In July 2008 Geoff Strickland was appointed as the new OIC CEO. Contact details are as follows: Contact Person: Position: Street address: Geoff Strickland CEO, Ord Irrigation Cooperative 2258 Carpentaria St Mail address: PO Box 573 Kununurra WA, 6743 Phone: Fax: Mobile: ceo@ordirrigation.com.au ANNUAL REPORT

8 1. WATER ENTITLEMENTS 1.1 WATER USE The Ord Irrigation Cooperative s (OIC) water entitlement under Licence is 335,000 ML. The total metered water diverted for the reporting year was 171,467 ML, approximately 52% of water licensed (Commitment 5 & 6). This water is deliverable to shareholders who have an entitlement to water calculated according to their property size. There is a total of 242,828 C Class Shares in OIC (Table 1). Each C Class share is equivalent to 1 ML and each hectare has an entitlement of 17 ML. This corresponds to 14,284 ha of irrigated land and a water entitlement of 242,828 ML at the farm gate (Commitment 8). There is also a small number of water users who are not shareholders. Table 1 Number of OIC C Class shareholders for the previous and current reporting years. Previous reporting year (1 st January 2007 to 31 st December 2007) Current reporting year (1 st January 2008 to 31 st December 2008) No. of C class shareholders Total Issued Entitlements (GL) Area supplied (ha) No. of new supply points 235, , , ,284 0 The irrigated area has increased by approximately 469 ha and 7,973 ML from the previous reporting year, corresponding to an allocation on King Location 605 made in The number of OIC shareholders has increased from 60 to 63 for the current reporting year, of these 14 are unmetered. Boundaries of the irrigated area for the Ord River Irrigation Area (ORIA) are provided in Figure 2. No Annual Allocation Limit was set by the Water and Rivers Commission for this period. No water trade was registered for this period (Commitment 10). ANNUAL REPORT

9 Ivanhoe Irrigation District M1 Off-take Packsaddle Pumps Packsaddle Irrigation District Figure 2 Boundaries of Stage 1 of the Ord River Irrigation Area (ORIA). ANNUAL REPORT

10 1.2 LAND USE: CURRENT AND SCHEDULED Surveys were faxed to all growers who are OIC shareholders to determine planting areas for the 2008 irrigation season and scheduled plantings for the 2009 season (Appendix 1). Table 2 provides a summary of the total land area for which surveys were received (Commitment 9). Green location is the most recent section of Stage 1 to be cleared and developed for irrigation; it is expected irrigation will begin during 2009 but no survey was received for this water allocation (400ha). Table 2 Irrigated land areas in the ORIA. Area (ha) Surveys received on: 13,260 <20 ha holding not surveyed 103 Surveys not received on: 921 Total Area 14,284 The 63 shareholders in Ord Irrigation Cooperative can be grouped into 38 land managers. The area of land and number of managers responsible for this area is given in Table 3. Managers of more than 1,000 ha include the two large Sandalwood companies operating in the valley. Table 3 Number of land managers that are responsible for the given area categories. Land Managers Not metered (< 50 ha) 12 <1,000 ha 23 >1,000 ha 3 Total 38 Knowledge of scheduled plantings for the 2009 irrigation season is used to ensure there is sufficient irrigation water to supply the predicted demand (Table 4, Table 5, Table 6 and Table 7) (Commitment 11). Estimates are based on the 2008/09 grower survey and the Operating Strategy (Water and Rivers Commission, 2004, Table 1, page 10). The category other in the crop table is composed of pasture/hay, lablab, sweet potato, vegetables, and borlotti beans. This year the area has been separated into Packsaddle and Ivanhoe (Table 4 and Table 5). This indicates that 21,200ML will need to be pumped in 2009 whereas nearly 128,000ML will need to be gravity fed into the Ivanhoe system (Table 6). The percent of area cropped (91%) gives an indication of land area occupied by access tracks, channel banks and tail drains (Table 7). ANNUAL REPORT

11 Table 4 OIC shareholders planted areas for the 2008 and 2009 growing season, Ivanhoe area. Table 5 OIC shareholders planted areas for the 2008 and 2009 growing season, Packsaddle area. Ivanhoe Area of crop irrigated Average irrigation water required at the farm gate Average irrigation water required at diversion point Crop Type ML/ha ML ML Bananas Chickpeas ,909 3,636 Cotton ,820 2,275 Fresh Beans Cucurbits 1, ,760 7,200 Hybrid Seeds 2,319 1, ,175 15,219 Leucaena Mangoes Citrus Sandalwood /Mahogany , ,062 61,328 Sugarcane Sweet Corn Other ,541 3,176 Chia ,106 7,632 Fallow 1,137 1,895 Total 11,009 10, , ,859 Packsaddle Area of crop irrigated Average irrigation water required at the farm gate Average irrigation water required at diversion point Crop Type ML/ha ML ML Bananas Chickpeas Cotton Fresh Beans Cucurbits Hybrid Seeds ,239 1,549 Leucaena Mangoes ,979 4,974 Citrus Sandalwood/ Mahogany ,694 14,617 Sugarcane Sweet Corn Other Chia Fallow Total 1,781 1,781 16,988 21,235 ANNUAL REPORT

12 Table 6 Summary of planted areas and expected irrigation requirements for the 2009 growing season. Area of crop irrigated (2009) Average irrigation water required at the farm gate ML/ha Average irrigation water required at diversion point (ML) Packsaddle (ha) 1,781 16,988 21,235 Ivanhoe (ha) 10, , ,859 Total (ha) 12, , ,094 Area with water Licence (ha) 14,724 Surveys not received (ha) 1,004 Table 7 OIC shareholders planted areas for the 2008 and 2009 growing season, for the entire Ord Irrigation Area. Total Area of crop irrigated Average irrigation water required at the farm gate Average irrigation water required at diversion point Crop Type ML/ha ML ML % Area (2009) Bananas Chickpeas ,909 3,636 3 Cotton ,820 2,275 1 Fresh Beans Cucurbits ,760 7,200 6 Hybrid Seeds ,414 16, Leucaena Mangoes ,540 5,675 3 Citrus Sandalwood/ Mahogany ,756 75, Sugarcane Sweet Corn Other ,541 3,176 1 Chia ,106 7,632 6 Fallow Total 12,790 12,031 98, , Area with water Licence 14,284 14,284 Area not surveyed Percent of area cropped 96% 91% ANNUAL REPORT

13 There is still a steady increase in the amount of land being planted to Sandalwood with an extra 486 ha being planned for The amount of land currently managed by sandalwood companies is presented in Table 8. In addition, the area of land under other tree crops is presented. Table 8 Area of irrigated land where managers have or will plant tree crops. Managed Land 2008 Area (ha) 2008 Area (%) 2009 Area (ha) 2009 Area (%) Mangoes/Citrus 455 3% 455 3% Sandalwood/Mahogany 4,663 33% 5,149 36% In addition to planned planted areas the survey also monitors fallow ground cover over the wet season. Table 9 shows that nearly 42% of the land area was left bare fallow over the 2008/2009 wet season. Table 9 Area of irrigation area left bare fallow over the 2008/2009 wet season. Wet Season Area Bare Fallow Packsaddle 230 Ivanhoe 5,324 Total 5,554 % Area Bare Fallow 42% 1.3 CLIMATE Climate data is recorded at two locations within the ORIA; Kimberley Research Station and Kununurra (KNX) Airport. Annual rainfall recorded at the Kimberley Research Station for the reporting period was 1,366.2 mm, above the long term average of 827 mm (Figure 3). Rainfall during the wet season (November 2007 to March 2008) was good, mm, in comparison to the previous year s wet season of 621 mm ( ). Impacts of rainfall on water demand and delivery efficiencies will be discussed further in Sections 2 and mm Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun 2008 Jul Reasearch Station Rainfall KNX Airport Rainfall Reasearch Station Evaporation Average Rainfall (1944 to 2008) Figure 3 Total monthly rainfall and evaporation during 2008 from weather stations located within the ORIA. Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec ANNUAL REPORT

14 2. WATER DIVERSION 2.1 LAKE KUNUNURRA OIC monitored the volume of water diverted from Lake Kununurra for the full reporting year through the flow meter located in the M1 channel and the flow meters on the pumps at the Packsaddle pumping station (Commitment 17). Total monthly volumes diverted from Lake Kununurra are provided in Table 10. These figures include the portion of water supplied to Water Corporation s M1 channel customers. It is expected that the Water Corporation will be establishing measures to monitor the volume of extraction by the M1 channel customers. Water supplied through the M1 off-take irrigates farms within the Ivanhoe area and water supplied through the Packsaddle pumps irrigates farms in the Packsaddle area (Figure 2). Annual Trend Irrigation peaked in May and July in the Ivanhoe and Packsaddle irrigation areas respectively. Irrigation demand was low throughout the wet season months due to high rainfall. Overall, only 52% of the total water allocation was diverted from Lake Kununurra during 2008, which is a 27% reduction from the 263,338 ML diverted during 2007 (Figure 4) (Commitment 45). This figure is influenced by a dramatic increase in distribution efficiency rates. This is evidenced by similar quantities of water being delivered on-farm in 2008, despite the low diversion rate Total Volume of Water Diverted from Lake Kununurra (ML) Packsaddle pumpstation M1 Offtake Total diversion Annual Allocation Limit (AAL) Figure 4 Annual trends in the volume of water diverted from Lake Kununurra for irrigation ANNUAL REPORT

15 Table 10 Volumes of water diverted from Lake Kununurra in ML (Commitment 10 & 18). Dry season Total (April to Oct) Location Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec M1 Off-take (ML) 1, ,541 19,128 24,379 20,705 23,678 18,421 12,606 7,609 8,498 1, , ,251 Packsaddle (ML) ,046 3,090 3,509 3,955 3,678 3,475 3,643 3, ,396 29,216 Total diversion (ML) 2, ,258 22,174 27,469 24,214 27,633 22,099 16,081 11,252 11,555 1, , ,467 Annual Total 2.2 ON-FARM Water delivered on-farm is measured by Dethridge wheels or Sparling meters for each farm supply point. These are operated and monitored by OIC water bailiffs. Monthly totals for water delivered on-farm for the reporting year is provided in Table 11 (Commitment 19 & 20). Annual Trend Overall, water supplied to farms during the 2008 reporting year (133,296 ML) was reduced by approximately 8% compared to water delivered during the 2007 reporting year (145,314 ML) (Figure 6). The water supplied to farms in Ivanhoe decreased by 10% (12,000 ML) while water supplied to Packsaddle remained similar with a nominal 1% increase from The annual trend in deliveries during the dry season is provided in Figure 5. Farm deliveries are very similar to 2006 and 2007, and approximately 20,000 ML less than ANNUAL REPORT

16 Table 11 Amount of water supplied on-farm from Lake Kununurra (Commitment 19 & 20). Location Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Dry season Total (April to Oct) Annual Total (ML) Ivanhoe (ML) ,755 20,296 15,948 22,605 14,616 10,202 5,854 6, , ,704 Packsaddle (ML) ,299 2,255 2,847 3,476 2,500 2,618 3,085 2, ,080 22,592 Total (ML) ,182 16,054 22,551 18,795 26,081 17,116 12,820 8,939 8, , , Volume of Water Supplied On-farm (ML) (April to October) Total Volume of Water Supplied On-farm (ML) Packsaddle pumpstation M1 Offtake Total Packsaddle pumpstation M1 Offtake Total Figure 5 Annual trend in volume of water delivered to farms during dry season (Apr - Oct) within the ORIA. Figure 6 Annual trend in total volume of water delivered to farms within the ORIA. ANNUAL REPORT

17 3. DISTRIBUTION EFFICIENCY 3.1 SYSTEM DELIVERY EFFICIENCY Distribution efficiency indicates how much of the water diverted from Lake Kununurra is delivered to farms. The calculation of distribution efficiency is provided below (Commitment 21). Distribution Efficiency = Volume Supplied to Farms (Table 7) 100 the wet season, on-farm demand for irrigation is low due to fallow land and climate. However, water is required to fill the M1 and Packsaddle channel systems for unmetered stock and domestic use, contributing to reduced distribution efficiency. The poorest efficiencies were recorded in January and February (13% and 19%). This was due to a number of sporadic rainfall events of mm and mm respectively causing repeated filling and emptying of the channel. Volume Diverted from Lake Kununurra (Table 6) Total distribution efficiency for Stage 1 (Ivanhoe and Packsaddle combined) has increased from 60% for the dry season and 55% annual total for 2007 to 81% and 78% respectively for 2008 (Table 12) (Commitment 27). This corresponds to a saving of water equivalent to 25 GL of the dry season diversion from Lake Kununurra and 30 GL of the total water diverted from Lake Kununurra and means that OIC achieved their target distribution efficiency for Low distribution system efficiencies are traditionally recorded during months influenced by the wet season, December to April. During 1 Annual Trend The combined delivery figures for Packsaddle and Ivanhoe show delivery efficiencies at 81% for the dry season and 78% for the entire reporting year with 3 of 12 individual months exceeding the 80% target (Table 12). The annual trend for efficiency rates over the dry season and annually can be seen in Figure 7 & Figure 8. Overall distribution efficiencies have improved from the previous reporting years (Commitment 45). Distribution efficiencies in Packsaddle achieved the 80% efficiency target for 5 of 12 months with an overall efficiency rating of 77% annually and 78% for dry season months (Table 14). Distribution efficiencies for Ivanhoe also achieved the 80% target for 3 of 12 months with 82% dry season efficiency and a 78% annual efficiency (Table 14). ANNUAL REPORT

18 Table 12 Monthly distribution system efficiencies for Distribution efficiency is the total water used by farms from the water diverted from Lake Kununurra (Commitment 21). Shaded areas indicate months where the 80% efficiency target has been reached. Distribution System Efficiency (%) Ivanhoe (M1 Off-take) Packsaddle (Pumps) Stage 1 Distribution Distribution System Efficiency (%) Target distribution efficiency Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Dry Season (Apr Oct) Annual Total 1, ,541 19,128 24,379 20,705 23,678 18,421 12,606 7,609 8,498 1, , , ,046 3,090 3,509 3,955 3,678 3,475 3,643 3, ,396 29, ,182 16,054 22,551 18,795 26,081 17,116 12,820 8,939 8, , , % 90% 80% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% % Distribution Effic iency 10% 0% % 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% % D is tribution Effic ienc y (Apri-O c t) 10% 0% Packsaddle pumpstation M1 Offtake Total Target Distribution Efficiency Packsaddle pumpstation M1 Offtake Total Target Distribution Efficiency Figure 7 Annual trend in distribution efficiency for each reporting year in ORIA. Figure 8 Annual trend in distribution efficiency for the dry season (Apr-Oct) in the ORIA. ANNUAL REPORT

19 Table 13 Ivanhoe monthly distribution system efficiency for Note: shaded cells indicate months where the distribution efficiency target of 80% has been reached. Distribution System Efficiency Ivanhoe (M1 Off-take) M1 Distribution Distribution System Efficiency (%) Target distribution efficiency (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Dry Season (Apr Oct) Annual Total 1, ,541 19,128 24,379 20,705 23,678 18,421 12,606 7,609 8,498 1, , , ,755 20,296 15,948 22,605 14,616 10,202 5,854 6, , , Table 14 Packsaddle monthly distribution system efficiency for 2008, Note: shaded cells indicate months where the distribution efficiency target of 80% has been reached. Distribution System Efficiency Packsaddle pump station (ML) Packsaddle (ML) Distribution System Efficiency (%) Target distribution efficiency (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Dry Season (Apr Oct) Annual Total ,046 3,090 3,509 3,955 3,678 3,475 3,643 3, ,396 29, ,299 2,255 2,847 3,476 2,500 2,618 3,085 2, ,080 22, ANNUAL REPORT

20 3.2 PARTITIONING OF SYSTEM WATER USE Considerable effort has been employed by OIC over 2008 to improve water accounting and accuracy of measured water volumes (Commitment 22 and 24). Current and planned improvements are provided in section 3.3. Improved accuracy of monitoring has allowed water that is not delivered on farm to be partitioned into either operational, relief/wasteway or unaccounted water. Figure 9 shows partitioning of water diverted from Lake Kununurra by OIC. Table 15 demonstrates monthly water use and efficiency. These figures are communicated to the OIC board monthly. Definitions for each water classification are provided below and methodology for calculation is provided in Appendix 2. Operational water consists of water used for: flushing storm water and effluent discharged from the town sewerage treatment plant from the M1 channel; supply of stock and domestic water to M1 pumpers (customers of Water Corporation); and Acrolein injection or drying of channels for effective aquatic weed and algae treatment. Relief/Wasteway water consists of water used to service on-farm customers. The system is designed as gravity fed flow through system. Water is required to create correct head for on-farm water supply and to deliver water to customers. Unaccounted water is water remaining from the monthly water balance and is only accurate during months of no rainfall. For example July and December 2008 recorded a greater total volume of water than the volume diverted from Lake Kununurra due to rainfall. Unaccounted water will include water lost to groundwater seepage and evaporation from the channel delivery system. 3.3 IMPROVEMENTS IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DATA Over recent years OIC has made a continued effort to improve water accounting and data quality throughout Stage 1 of the ORIA. This section provides an account of activities that have contributed to improved water accounting and data quality throughout the distribution system. Activities that have occurred in the drainage system are included in Section 4. Activities in the channel distribution system include: Manual recording of flow data by water bailiffs. This improves accuracy by acting as a control on SCADA records and provides estimates for waterways that are not monitored; Installation of 15 new SCADA automated gates for the delivery system in Packsaddle irrigation area; Ongoing reductions of major leaks in wasteways and relief gates. As automated gates are installed, leaks are being repaired. Wasteways 1 and 2 are expected to be automated and repaired prior to the 2009/10 wet season, reducing site leaks; Improved lightning protection for major SCADA gates along the M1 has resulted in a major reduction in data loss and equipment damage; Regular calibration of gates. A recalibration device has been designed to allow recalibration of SCADA gates without dropping water from the channel system. This allows checking of gates if discrepancies arise between data sources. ANNUAL REPORT

21 Planned improvements for 2009 Data quality and efficiency is expected to increase further in 2009 with the complete rollout of the IVR telephone water ordering system for growers. This will allow water orders to be accepted up to 24 hours in advance and enable improved scheduling of water demand. Complete roll out is scheduled for the 2009 irrigation season, following 6 months of trials/training in the Packsaddle irrigation area. 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July* Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec* Annual Dry On Farm Operational Relief/Wasteways Unaccounted Figure 9 Partitioning of water diverted from Lake Kununurra into water delivered on-farm, water used in operation of channel system, water used in channel reliefs and wasteways and unaccounted water. * Indicate months in which Unaccounted water was negative, in December this is due to rainfall. ANNUAL REPORT

22 Table 15 Monthly distribution system efficiency for 2008 incorporating partitioning of system water use (Negative efficiencies indicate months which have been severely affected by rainfall July and December. Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total Diverted (ML) 2, ,258 22,174 27,469 24,214 27,633 22,099 16,081 11,252 11,555 1, , ,468 On-Farm (ML) ,182 16,054 22,551 18,795 26,081 17,116 12,820 8,939 8, , ,296 Effluent Flush (ML) M1 Pumpers (ML) ,172 1,982 Weed Treatment (ML) ,045 3,321 Operational (ML) 1, ,093 6,061 Relief/Wasteways (ML) ,935 3,338 3,404 1,757 1,593 1,463 1,546 1,535 1,227 3,716 14,636 22,138 Unaccounted (ML) , , ,062 1, ,332 3,121 10,709 9,800 % of total unallocated Total Distribution Efficiency (excluding effluent flush water, M1 pumpers and weed treatments from total intake) (%) % Efficiency with 50% reduction in relief/wasteway flow % Efficiency if relief, wasteway and weed control considered environmental , Dry Total (Apr- Oct) Total ANNUAL REPORT

23 4. DRAINAGE DISCHARGE 4.1 DRAINAGE SYSTEM VOLUME Water discharged from the ORIA was monitored at seven locations for the reporting year by the OIC (Commitment 23) (Figure 9 & 10). The D2 gauging station in central Ivanhoe was removed by the Shire of Wyndham East Kimberley (SWEK) in early October to widen the culverts under Research Station Road. The work was expected to be completed within three weeks however delays due to access have prevented re-installation. Drainage information from all sites except D8 is of good quality. D8 is currently recording poor data and requires the installation of a velocity meter to improve quality. OIC does not have a permanent gauging station established for the Packsaddle irrigation area. Monthly drainage data from each monitoring point has been included in table 13 (Commitment 24). The drainage data during the wet season is dependent on the level of rainfall. The 2007/2008 season had higher than average rainfall of mm (Nov 07 to Mar 08) and the rainfall in February was more than double the long term average. This is mirrored in high drainage flow during February (Table 13). The high drainage volumes for D4 and D2 during the wet season months show that drainage flows can be significantly influenced by variations in hillside drainage/runoff. The high drainage flow in D4 in May/June/July can be attributed to the wetting up of bare blocks and planting irrigation requirements that result in high drainage volumes. Irrigation rates tend to slow towards September /October at the end of the irrigation season, resulting in reduced drainage volumes from the D4. Figure 10 Drainage points monitored by OIC during 2008 ANNUAL REPORT

24 Annual Trend Comparing 2007 and 2008 dry season (May- Oct) drainage volumes, 2008 shows a significant decrease in monthly totals despite an increase in the metered area from 59% (2007) to 65% in 2008 (Table 14 and Table 17). Figure 13 shows the cumulative drainage volumes for the dry season (Apr-Oct) and the complete reporting period. From this it is noticeable that D4 has the highest overall volume, however when compared with the catchment area (Figure 14 and Figure 15) D4 drain shows the lowest drainage volume per hectare. This trend is similar to previous reporting years. D7 D4 D8 Table 16 Irrigation catchment areas for each of the monitored irrigation drains. Drain Catchment Area Catchment Area (ha) % of Irrigation Area D % D2 1, % D2B % D4 4, % D % D % Total 8, % D2B D1 D2 Figure 11 Drainage catchments of ORIA. ANNUAL REPORT

25 Table 17 Volumes of drainage water (ML) (Commitment 23). Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL D1 1, , , , , , ,694 6,525 D , ,222 1,325 1, , ,322 1, ,008.5 No Data 13,480 7,892 D2B , , , ,559 1, , ,991 6,983 D4 2, , ,201 4, , ,051 4, , , , ,513 29,384 D , , , ,216 2,275 D8 No Data TOTAL 5,170 25,010 7,628 7,082 9,603 8,707 9,690 8,045 5,989 3,944 3,703 26, ,894 53,059 Area Metered (ha) 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 6,889 6,889 6,889 7,704 7,820 % Area metered TOTAL (April- Oct) 2007 TOTAL 2,466 3,173 5,554 2,441 14,553 11,660 10,906 13,699 9,948 5,982 80,382 69,189 Area metered (ha) 2,350 2,350 2,350 2,350 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 4,833 7,129 % Area metered 20% 20% 20% 20% 66% 66% 66% 66% 66% 66% ANNUAL REPORT

26 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 D1 D2 D2B D4 D7 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 D1 D2 D2B D4 D7 5,000 - April May June July August September October Month ANNUAL REPORT Cumulative Discharge (ML) Cumulative Discharge (ML) 10,000 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Figure 11 Cumulative volumes of discharge water for the dry season (Apr-Oct). Figure 13 Cumulative volumes of discharge water for the entire reporting year D1 D2 D2B D4 D7 Cumulative Discharge/Catchment Area (ML/ha) Month April May June July August September Month Figure 14 Cumulative discharges by the hectare (ML/ha) of irrigation drainage water for the dry season D1 D2 D2B D4 D7 Cumulative Discharge/Catchment Area (ML/ha) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Figure 15 Cumulative discharges by the hectare (ML/ha) of irrigation drainage water for the entire reporting period.

27 4.2 DRAINAGE EFFICIENCY 600 Drainage efficiency indicates how much water diverted from Lake Kununurra is returned to the lower Ord River. The calculation of distribution efficiency is provided below: 6000% 5000% 4000% 3000% 2000% 1000% % Efficiency of Drains Rainfall (mm) Distribution Efficiency = Volume Diverted from Lake Kununurra Volume in irrigation Area of irrigated drains area monitored Drainage efficiencies during rainfall months are greater than 100% due to the contribution of runoff from the catchment to the irrigation drains (Figure 13 & Table 15). Above 58% of the irrigation area drainage was recorded throughout the year. 0% Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year % Efficiency of drains Rainfall Figure 16 Seasonal trends in drainage efficiency and rainfall. 0 High efficiencies during December and February correspond with large rainfall events, while the nominal rainfall during the dry season means distribution efficiencies of between 56% and 93% were achieved from April to October (Figure 13 & Table 15). Annual trend Figure 18 shows the annual dry season trend of total drainage water from 2005 to 2008 with a significant decrease in volume despite an increase in area metered. Figure 19 shows the dry season drainage trend from 2005 to 2008 in ML/ha volumes reduced from 13.5 ML/ha in 2006 to 6.75 ML/ha. 200% 180% 160% 140% 120% 100% 80% 60% % Efficiency of Drains 40% 20% 0% Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Rainfall (mm) % Efficiency of drains Rainfall Figure 17 Seasonal trends in drainage efficiency and rainfall with smaller scale. ANNUAL REPORT

28 Table 18 Irrigation return flows and drain efficiencies (Commitment 24). Note: shaded cells indicate months where rainfall affected efficiency. Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec M1 Water 1, ,541 19,128 24,379 20,705 23,678 18,421 12,606 7,609 8,498 1, , ,251 Metered Drainage Flow (ML) 5,237 25,077 7,695 7,149 9,670 8,774 9,757 8,112 6,056 4,125 3,761 26,382 53, ,794 % Area metered for drainage flows 67% 67% 67% 67% 67% 67% 67% 67% 67% 58% 58% 58% 66% 65% % Efficiency of drains 399% 6,880% 324% 56% 59% 63% 62% 66% 72% 93% 76% 3,851% 67% 1,000% Dry season (April to Oct) Annual Total Dry season drainage (Apr-Oct) % Irrigation area metered Drainage Volume in ML % Irrigation area metered Irrigation Drainage Water ML/ha Year Figure 18 Annual trend in dry season drainage volume Year Figure 19 Annual trend in dry season irrigation drainage water per hectare. ANNUAL REPORT

29 4.3 DRAINAGE FLOW REDUCTION Commitment 28 of the OIC operating strategy requires the licensee to undertake and encourage all reasonable and necessary measures to reduce dry season drainage flows by 50% over the duration of the licence. In 1999 WRC estimated a dry season return flow of 97 GL, which was adopted in the 2005 WUIP as the baseline drainage discharge for the ORIA from which drainage improvements can be determined. The 2008 dry season drainage flow was 53,059 ML from 66% (7,820 ha) of the ORIA catchment. Based on these values it is estimated that 100% of drainage would equal 80,107 ML, or 82.4% of baseline drainage, giving an estimated 17.4% reduction (Table 16) (Commitment 28). OIC has implemented a number of strategies to encourage reduction in drainage flows including: Improved water scheduling through phone ordering system which requires 48 hours notice, thus improving efficiency and reducing wasteway flows. The implementation of the Water Reuse Project in the Packsaddle irrigation area that reduced drainage flows by an estimated 5,600 ML (Appendix 12). Table 19 Drainage flow reductions (Commitment 28). Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL TOTAL (April-Oct) TOTAL 5,170 25,010 7,628 7,082 9,603 8,707 9,690 8,045 5,989 3,944 3,703 26, ,894 53,059 Area Metered (ha) 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 7,975 6,889 6,889 6,889 7,704 7,820 % Area metered Estimated Total Drainage (ML) 7,716 37,328 11,385 10,570 14,333 12,996 14,463 12,007 8,939 6,800 6,384 45, ,308 80,107 % Area Estimated Baseline drainage Flow (ML) 97,000 97,000 % Drainage Flow % Target reduction 50 ANNUAL REPORT

30 4.4 IMPROVEMENTS IN SURFACE DRAINAGE SYSTEM DATA Five of the six monitored main drains in the Ivanhoe area are currently collecting high quality data. However, with the current SCADA system, sites have no capacity for internal logging. As such, if the communication pathway to OIC office drops out, drainage flow data is lost to the server. To maintain accuracy of data, all sites are serviced monthly and water levels checked manually each fortnight. Site visits and data quality control are conducted internally to the same standard as Department of Water. Drainage data from D8 is still of poor quality due to problems with estimating flow rates. The gauging station was moved during 2007 to reduce data inaccuracy due to: regular siltation changing the drainage cross section; and tail water backing up in drainage channel. However drainage measurements from the site are still influenced by tail water backing up from the drainage sump downstream. During 2008, a funding application submitted to improve and upgrade communications infrastructure was rejected by the Bureau of Meteorology. As a result, there were continued issues with consistency of communications and data collection. Planned Improvements for 2009 OIC is planning to upgrade communications (voice and data) in 2009 including an extra tower to be installed in the north of the irrigation area. To prevent overestimation of drain volumes, a velocity sensor is required to be fitted to D8. OIC recognises the importance of accurate flow measurements for this location to inform future management and will endeavour to install a velocity meter during 2009, depending on funding availability. ANNUAL REPORT

31 4.5 WATER QUALITY Every fourth Tuesday throughout the year OIC collects water grab samples from five drainage sites and the main irrigation channel (Figure 14) (Commitment 25). These samples are sent to the NATA accredited National Measurement Institute (Perth and Sydney) for analysis of analytes listed in Appendix 4. Results are compared to the interim water quality guidelines for pesticide concentrations set by DoE (Appendix 4) and reported monthly to the OIC board. For the 2008 reporting year, 66 samples (92%) were taken from a possible 72 samples. Samples were not taken if there was no flow at the time of sampling (six occasions) or if heavy rainfall prevented access to the site (three occasions). Pesticide Results For the reporting year, endosulphan was detected in seven samples of drainage water (11% of samples). Two samples exceeded water quality guidelines. OIC informed DoW of each of these occasions and talked with growers within the drainage catchment. Endosulphan concentrations in drains have improved significantly since development of the Code of Conduct in There have been only five occasions where endosulphan has exceeded guidelines since 2002, including two occasions in 2008 (Commitment 29 & 45) (Figure 15). Figure 20 Drainage water quality points monitored by OIC during ANNUAL REPORT

32 # samples exceeding Endosulphan water quality guidelines Figure 21 Total number of drainage water samples that have exceeded endosulphan guidelines (0.2 ug/l) since For the reporting year, atrazine was detected in nine samples of drainage water. There were no samples that exceeded water quality guidelines. Since 1998 there has only been one occasion when atrazine has exceeded guideline levels (Commitment 29 & 45). During 2008, 14% of drainage water samples detected atrazine present; this has reduced from 19% in previous years (Figure 16) % of drainage water samples Endosulfan Atrazine Figure 22 Percentage of water samples from drains in the ORIA with endosulphan or atrazine present. ANNUAL REPORT

33 Nutrient and Sediment Results At present there are no guideline levels for nutrients within the drainage water discharged from the irrigation area. OIC and DoW will endeavour to set more locally applicable water quality guidelines in this irrigation season (Commitment 35). The 2006 data has been used as a reference for the nutrient and sediment results. This data is confusing as there are no results in June/July or September/October due to rainfall. As part of the on-farm water quality project, OIC has been collecting drainage water samples directly off farm in the irrigation area for the last five years (since 2004) (Appendix 11). This project has now set target levels for drainage water quality directly off farm. This target level is based on the 80 th percentile values of sample results from 2004 to 2008 from the On Farm Water Quality project. It is assumed that 80% of on-farm irrigation drainage water would show concentrations less than these guidelines. These values have been included in Figure 23, Figure 24, Figure 25, Figure 26, Figure 27 and Figure 28 as red lines to show how the irrigation drainage water compares. It is anticipated that the irrigation drainage water quality should be better than the quality directly off farm due to dilution with operational float water from the irrigation network. Figure 23, Figure 24 and Figure 25 demonstrates the seasonal trend of water quality in all drains for Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS). Figure 26, Figure 27 and Figure 28 show variability of TN, TP and TSS levels between individual drains. 4 Median 80th Percentile 2 Total Nitrogen (mg/l) January February March April May June July August September October November December Background 2006 Data Bars 2008 Data Figure 23 Seasonal trends of Total Nitrogen (TN) in drainage water quality in the ORIA. Background is 2006 data while bars are 2008 data. The red line indicates 2008 on-farm water quality targets for drainage water quality. High TN levels in May and June possibly correspond with fertiliser applications during planting. ANNUAL REPORT

34 0.45 Median 80th Percentile 0.45 Total Phosphorus (mg/l) TP results are consistent with 2006 data with the exception of high readings in January January February March April May June July August September October November December Figure 24 Seasonal trends of Total Phosphorus (TP) in drainage water quality in the ORIA. Background is 2006 data while bars are 2008 data. The red line indicates 2008 on-farm water quality targets for drainage water quality Median 80th Percentile Total Suspended Solids (mg/l) TSS results for 2008 followed the 2006 trend with high TSS levels over the wet season (Nov Mar). 0 January February March April May May June July August September October November December 0 Figure 25 Seasonal trends of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in drainage water quality in the ORIA. Background is 2006 data while bars are 2008 data. The red line indicates 2008 on-farm water quality targets for drainage water quality. ANNUAL REPORT

35 2 Median 80th Percentile Total Nitrogen (mg/l) TN for all drains is consistently lower than the 2006 values OM1O OPCRX ODID D2 OD4HOLX OD8C Figure 26 Annual Total Nitrogen (TN) trends in drainage water in the ORIA, separated by drains. Background is 2006 data while bars are 2008 data. The red line indicates 2008 on-farm water quality targets for drainage water quality Median 80th Percentile Total Phosphorus (mg/l) D1 shows a higher 80 th percentile than 2006 however the medial value is comparable OM1O OPCRX ODID D2 OD4HOLX OD8C Figure 27 Annual Total Phosphorus (TP) trends in drainage water in the ORIA, separated by drains. Background is 2006 data while bars are 2008 data. The red line indicates 2008 on-farm water quality targets for drainage water quality. ANNUAL REPORT

36 800 Median 80th Percentile Total Suspended Solids (mg/l) TSS for D8 and D4 are significantly below the 2006 levels OM1O OPCRX ODID D2 OD4HOLX OD8C Figure 28 Annual Total Suspended Solids (TSS) trends in drainage water in the ORIA, separated by drains. Background is 2006 data while bars are 2008 data. The red line indicates 2008 on-farm water quality targets for drainage water quality Another method for analysing water quality data, the method used in the On-Farm Water Quality Project (OIC, 2009), is to look at frequency distributions. This gives an indication of water quality attributes over the reporting period. Frequency distribution plots have been developed for 2006, 2007 and 2008 water quality data. In addition, the variation in median and 80 th percentile values for these periods has also been investigated. The confidence intervals for these values were determined using face value frequency distribution analysis. This analysis demonstrates very little variation in these parameters between the years of monitoring. ANNUAL REPORT

37 Percent Occurences Total Suspended Solids (mg/l) Percent Occurences Total Phosphorus (mg/l) Percent Occurences Total Nitrogen (mg/l) Figure 29 Frequency distribution plots for water samples collected from ORIA drains between ANNUAL REPORT

38 Total Nitrogen (mg/l) Year 80th Percentile Total Nitrogen (mg/l) Year 50th Percentile Total Phosphorus (mg/l) Year 80th Percentile Total Phosphorus (mg/l) Year 50th Percentile Total Suspended Solids (mg/l) Year 80th Percentile Total Suspended Solids (mg/l) Year 50th Percentile Figure 30 Trends in 80th percentile and median (50th percentile) values for water quality variables measured between ANNUAL REPORT

39 4.6 TARGET IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT ACTIONS OIC has endeavoured to undertake all necessary measures to promote better chemical handling practices and increase awareness of water quality attributes and variability (Commitment 29). Projects operated in 2008 include: Long term sediment and salinity monitoring in the Ord River Irrigation Area (OIC Report 2009); On-farm water quality monitoring (OIC Report 2009, appendix 9); Trialling the use of ELISA kits to improve water quality monitoring and awareness (OIC Report 2009, appendix 10). All of these projects were discussed at monthly shed meetings held at OIC offices in 2008 and also developed fact sheets. An additional fact sheet that is produced by OIC to increase awareness of chemical characteristics and to promote better handling practices is the Chemical Risk in the ORIA Fact Sheet (appendix 11). Commitment 34 requires OIC to report on-farm water use improvement measures which have been adopted and implemented by members. During 2008 two projects were completed which aimed at improving on-farm water use: Level basin trial (appendix 12) Drainage reuse trial (appendix 13) A number of farms are also implementing drip irrigation programs. ANNUAL REPORT

40 5. GROUNDWATER 5.1 MONITORING On the 12 th December 2006, Department of Water provided OIC with a revised bore list of 74 bores throughout Ivanhoe and Packsaddle Plains to be monitored twice yearly. A substantial number of these bores were identified as important for long term monitoring of the groundwater system by CSIRO (Smith, A. et al. 2004) (Figure 19). Bores were monitored twice for salinity and water level during the reporting period in May and November (Commitment 26) and an additional run was completed in August during the Arial Electromagnetic survey (Table 11). The required sampling events (May and Nov) were timed to follow DoW groundwater sampling events to standardise sampling results. The sampling frequency set by DoW (Operating Strategy, Appendix 3) and CSIRO (Smith, A. et al. 2004) requests bores be sampled at the end of the wet season (April, before 15 th May) and just prior to the wet season (late October, before 15 th November). OIC endeavoured to meet this requirement for each sampling event during 2008; however the April groundwater run was conducted in May due to access issues. Table 20 Groundwater monitoring conducted by OIC in the ORIA during Run Apr-08 Aug-08 (AEM) Sampling Dates 21/5, 22/5, 23/5, 28/5, 10/6, 11/6 19/8, 20/8, 21/8, 3/9 Sampling method for groundwater salinity Damaged Bores DAFWA Bores Total Bore Samples Total EC meter, Bailer Long lead Ec meter Nov-08 10/11, 11/11 Long lead Ec meter To prevent duplication of monitoring, 13 of the 74 bores are monitored by DAFWA. Six from the list of 74 bores could not be located (either destroyed or lost) and a further five bores could be located but damage to the bore casing prevented monitoring and a road washout at one site prevented access. Additionally, six of the bores sampled displayed some degree of damage however it was possible to sample. The identities of these bores are listed in Appendix 6. The measurement technique for groundwater salinity is provided in Table 17. All groundwater salinity and water level height data was forwarded to DoW for data storage within the WIN database. Four of the 13 bores sampled by DAFWA have also been listed as lost. ANNUAL REPORT

41 Groundwater Management Areas Figure 31 Location of groundwater monitoring bores and groundwater management areas within the ORIA. ANNUAL REPORT

42 5.2 LEVELS During the reporting year, CSIRO (Perth) produced a series of groundwater maps for the ORIA with funding received from the National Action Plan for Salinity and Water Quality (NAP). The maps have been constructed to show average depth to water table measurements for each year, in figure 20, in figure 21 and in figure 22. Also included is a map demonstrating the year of maximum water table for areas within the ORIA between 1995 and Data used to construct the maps was collected from 1995 to Spatial representation of groundwater levels has proved to be highly effective in understanding the impacts of wet seasons and irrigation development on the groundwater system. OIC recognises groundwater levels as a key indicator of the long term productivity of the irrigation area. The OIC Board has requested annual groundwater mapping be including in reporting of groundwater levels for future years (Commitment 26). An example of how future reporting could be conducted is provided in Appendix 5. ANNUAL REPORT

43 Figure 32 Annual groundwater map for the ORIA, Compiled by Tony Smith CSIRO Perth. Figure 33 Annual groundwater map for the ORIA, Compiled by Tony Smith CSIRO Perth. ANNUAL REPORT

44 Figure 34 Annual groundwater maps for the ORIA, Compiled by Tony Smith CSIRO Perth. ANNUAL REPORT

45 Figure 35 Year of maximum water table for the ORIA (1995 to 2005). Developed by Tony Smith (CSIRO Perth). ANNUAL REPORT

46 Plots showing groundwater levels for monitored bores in the ORIA were sourced from the DoW WIN database and have been included in appendix 7. Where available, ground water data have been plotted in relation to the ground surface (Appendix 7, Section A). However this data is unavailable for some bores and ground water levels have been plotted against the Australian Height Datum (AHD) (Section B). Ord Irrigation is committed to keeping groundwater levels at more than 2 metres below ground level (Commitment 30). Of the 74 bores monitored by OIC, only one has reached a level of less than 2 metres from the ground surface (Table 20). This demonstrates an overall decrease in bore levels compared to the 3 bores recording less than 2 m levels in PN3S ( ) is located at the northern end of the S4C Channel in central Ivanhoe and has recorded readings between 1.5 m (Nov) and 0.7 m (April) below ground surface level over the last 8 years with a top of m in May Groundwater level from surface Bore Number Table 21 Bores with groundwater levels of concern. Bore Name Trend in groundwater proximity to surface Location Trend Duration of trend Magnitude of change (m) <2 m PN3S Martins location Stable PN7S Martins location Stable m CO37 Ivanhoe Down P2 Packsaddle Down PN2S Ivanhoe Up ORD1 Cave Springs Stable CO32E Ivanhoe North Stable PS1-78 Packsaddle Up P13 Packsaddle Down PSPB1M1D Packsaddle Down m P18 Packsaddle Stable Ord 28 (PS1) Packsaddle Stable P 20 Packsaddle Up P14 Packsaddle Down PN14S Ivanhoe Down PS5 Packsaddle Stable ANNUAL REPORT

47 5.3 QUALITY The groundwater salinity (uncompensated conductivity and temperature) is measured during each groundwater run. A summary of the 2008 results is presented in Table 22 below and available salinity plots have been included in appendix 9. Ord 10 bore (Green Location) has maintained a steady trend of a moderate salinity classification since 2005, with a post wet season high of 2,500 ms/m in May CO2 (Central Packsaddle) has had a significant rise in salinity from ~880 ms/m in 2007 to 1,150 ms/m (May) and 1,090 ms/m (November) for 2008, placing it in the moderately saline classification as per DAFWA groundwater salinity classifications. Table groundwater quality summary. DAFWA groundwater salinity EC Range (ms/m) # of bores occurring in each classifications Non-saline < Slightly saline 500 1,000 P13 / ms/m P12 / ms/m CO1B / ms/m PS5 / ms/m Moderately saline 1,000 2,000 CO2 / ,090 ms/m ORD10 / ,550 ms/m Very saline 2,000 3,000 - Extremely saline > 3, EXTENSION A number of extension projects have been conducted and concluded in 2008 to increase awareness of groundwater management options and areas at risk of salinisation. These projects have been operated in partnership with CSIRO and include: Assessment of trees as tools for long-term management of groundwater; Assessment of deep drains as management tools for groundwater in the ORIA; Assessment and mapping of high risk areas of salinity in the Ord Catchment. All of these projects will be reported in technical form and made available in In addition, a project that has been using Aerial Electromagnetic Surveying to map groundwater systems and subsurface variations has been implemented in The results of this project will be available in July It is anticipated the information from this project will be used for targeting groundwater management in the Stage 1 ORIA and for designing the expanded irrigation area and minimising environmental impacts from its development. ANNUAL REPORT

48 6. REVIEW OF WUIP The Water Use Improvement Plan (2005) (WUIP) outlines the actions and related goals to reach the commitments in the Ord Irrigation Cooperative Operating Strategy (Commitment 31& 32). This year a review of the WUIP will be conducted by OIC as part of the Licence renewal process. ANNUAL REPORT

49 APPENDIX 1: GROWER SURVEY OF PLANTED AREAS 2258 Carpentaria Street Kununurra PO Box 573 Kununurra 6743 Phone: Fax: Dear Growers, 8th January, 2008 PLEASE COMPLETE ATTACHED SURVEY AND FAX TO BROLGA S ENVIRONMENT ASAP As part of our Water Licence and Water Allocation requirements Ord Irrigation is required to estimate crop types and areas planted for the ORIA. Could you please complete the attached form for each block you own/manage and fax it back to Brolga s Environment on (08) This will help ensure we fulfil our licence agreement commitments and receive our water allocation for Thankyou for your assistance. Geoff Strickland CEO Ord Irrigation ANNUAL REPORT

50 PLEASE RETURN FAX TO BROLGAS ENVIRONMENT GROWER: ADDRESS: Note: examples have been included to assist in filling out this form, please do not hesitate to call for clarification. Dry Season 2008 Wet Season 2008/2009 Dry Season 2009 (estimate only) Crop Type Block Area (ha) Block number Area Planted (ha) Crop Type Block Area (ha) Block number Area Planted (ha) Crop Type Block Area (ha) Block number Area Planted (ha) Eg: Cane Eg: Cane Eg: Maize Sorghum 20 Lablab Sorghum 20 Maize Maize Sunflowers 20 Sunflowers 20 ANNUAL REPORT

51 APPENDIX 2: MONITORING DATA CALCULATION FOR OPERATIONAL FLOW Weed Treatment Weed treatment includes water used for acrolein injections and channel drying. The acrolein component is calculated by using M1 flow meter data for two days during the injection, less any water that is provided to farms. Channel drying water refers to water that is dumped from the channel system during and after rainfall events or when there is little demand for irrigation. These figures are a best guess based on data available at the time. Storm water/effluent Flush Storm water/effluent flush is calculated by using the first four hours of the flow meter when the channel is filled after being emptied for long periods. M1 Pumpers Water supplied to Water Corporation s M1 stock and domestic water supply customers is calculated by dividing the M1 pumpers allocation by 365 and multiply by the number of days that there was water in the M1 channel. CALCULATION FOR RELIEF/WASTEWAY FLOW All sites that are monitored and sites that are not monitored are included in this calculation of relief and wasteway flow. ANNUAL REPORT

52 APPENDIX 3: DRAINAGE FLOW CALCULATIONS M1 Water Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Dry season (Apr to Oct) Annual Total ,175 10,621 16,890 28,233 36,752 30,921 26,001 26,732 25,503 22,330 23,564 19, , , ,657 17,286 17,288 28,911 28,752 27,104 27,121 26,613 24,662 25,624 27,542 11, , , ,108 27,792 35,514 32,023 34,542 28,009 27,764 12,044 5, , , ,114 17,984 10,414 23,034 37,709 20,962 25,210 32,254 24,353 17,530 10,285 4, , , , ,541 19,128 24,379 20,705 23,678 18,421 12,606 7,609 8,498 1, , ,251 Metered Drainage Flow (ML) ,815 8,480 6,994 7,979 2,705 2,376 17,067 15,744 14,491 14,480 12,370 8,127 74, , ,771 31,445 8,282 20,551 27,417 19,420 1,778 15,793 14, , , ,466 3,173 5,554 2,441 14,553 11,660 10,906 13,699 9,948 5,982 3,939 2,538 69,189 86, ,237 25,077 7,695 7,149 9,670 8,774 9,757 8,112 6,056 4,125 3,761 26,382 53, ,794 % Area metered for drainage flows % 56% % 56% 56% 56% 20% 24% 66% 66% 66% 66% 0% 0% 52% 44% % 66% 66% 66% 66% 66% 66% 66% 66% 66% 20% 20% 66% 53% % 20% 20% 20% 20% 66% 66% 66% 66% 66% 53% 43% % 67% 67% 67% 67% 67% 67% 67% 67% 58% 58% 58% 66% 65% % Efficiency of drains % 74% % 88% 72% 49% 47% 37% 95% 90% 89% 86% 70% 88% % 78% 112% 117% 92% 8% 85% 80% 164% 215% 82% 95% % 88% 267% 53% 193% 84% 66% 64% 62% 52% 82% 104% % 6,880% 324% 56% 59% 63% 62% 66% 72% 93% 76% 3,851% 67% 1,000% Rainfall (mm) ,366.2 ANNUAL REPORT

53 APPENDIX 4: ANALYTES TESTED FOR IN WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS Analyte Interim Guideline Levels (ug/l) Atrazine 13 Dithiocarbamates HCB HCH(BHC) Tot alpha, beta, delta Lindane (gamma-bhc) 0.4 Heptachlor 0.09 Heptachlor Epoxide Chlordane (total) 0.08 Alpha Endosulphan Beta Endosulphan 0.2 Endosulphan Sulphate Aldrin Dieldrin Endrin (total) 0.02 p,p-dde p,p-ddd p,p-ddt 0.01 Methoxychlor Mevinphos Diazinon Chlorpyrifos-methyl 0.01 Fenchlorfos Parathion-methyl Chlorpyrifos Malathion Fenitrothion 0.3 Parathion 0.01 Chlorfenvinphos Bromophos-ethyl Tetrachlorvinphos Ethion Ammonia as NH3-N Conductivity Uncompensated Conductivity at 25 o C Conductivity Temperature FRP as P Sulfate as SO 4-S TOC Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (Calc) Total Nitrogen Total Oxidised Nitrogen (TON) Total Phosphorus Total Suspended Solids ANNUAL REPORT

54 APPENDIX 5: EXAMPLE OF GROUNDWATER MAPPING Figure A Analysis of spatial data for 2008 reporting year ANNUAL REPORT

55 Groundwater depth below surface 2007 Area (ha) < 2 m (%) 2-4 m(%) > 4 m (%) Green Location Cave Springs Gap Martins Location Ivanhoe North Ivanhoe Central Ivanhoe South Packsaddle Total Annual trend in groundwater levels. It is important to not just keep track of water levels that are less than 2 metres. Water levels at 2-4 metres can be responsive during years of high rainfall. The impact of a series of high rainfall years (or a flood) can be recorded in 2-4 metres for many years after the event (Khan, et al. 2005). Example Year since maximum water level ( ) (Figure A all the areas in green are likely to be influenced by heavy wet season rainfall, not just irrigation induced recharge). ANNUAL REPORT

56 APPENDIX 6: GROUNDWATER BORES 2008 Revised Bore list of 76 bores including conditions and data availability. AWRC ref Bore name Site Area Hydrographs EC graphs Comments/reasons B 8225 Ivanhoe south GL Y Bore Damaged C 8226 Ivanhoe south GL Y Bore Blocked Ivanhoe north NA NA DAFWA bore only one point Ivanhoe north NA NA DAFWA bore only one point Ivanhoe north NA NA DAFWA Bore Lost Ivanhoe north NA NA DAFWA bore only one point Ivanhoe north AHD NA Ivanhoe north AHD NA Martins Location AHD NA NA NA DAFWA bore only one point Ivanhoe north AHD NA DAFWA Bore Lost Ivanhoe central NA NA DAFWA Bore Lost Ivanhoe south AHD Y Bore Lost Martins Location NA NA DAFWA Bore lost / Martins Location NA NA DAFWA bores only a few points on database / Martins Location NA NA DAFWA bores only a few points on database CO13C Ivanhoe central NA NA need importing by DoW CO14B Ivanhoe north NA NA need importing by DoW CO15A Ivanhoe north NA NA need importing by DoW CO17D Green Swamp NA NA need importing by DoW, Bore Damaged CO19C Green Swamp AHD NA need importing by DoW CO1B Packsaddle NA NA need importing by DoW ANNUAL REPORT

57 AWRC ref Bore name Site Area Hydrographs EC graphs Comments/reasons CO28A Ivanhoe north NA NA need importing by DoW CO29B Ivanhoe north NA NA need importing by DoW, Bore Damaged CO31F Ivanhoe north NA NA need importing by DoW CO31I Ivanhoe north NA NA need importing by DoW CO32E Ivanhoe north NA NA need importing by DoW CO32H Ivanhoe north NA NA Bore Destroyed CO37 Ivanhoe NA NA new bore need importing by DoW CO3C Ivanhoe central NA NA Bore always dry CO40 Ivanhoe NA NA new bore need importing by DoW CO51 Ivanhoe NA NA new bore need importing by DoW HI Ivanhoe central GL Y HI Ivanhoe central GL Y Bore Destroyed ORD1 (CG3) Cave Springs GL Y ORD10 (GS4) Green Swamp AHD Y ORD12 (ML3) Martins Location AHD Y ORD14 (PS15) Packsaddle AHD Y Bore Blocked ORD15 (PS12) Packsaddle AHD Y ORD27 (PS3) Packsaddle AHD Y ORD28 (PS1) Packsaddle AHD Y ORD5 (CG1) Cave Springs AHD Y ORD6 (CG2) Cave Springs AHD Y Bore Blocked ORD8 (CG4) Cave Springs AHD Y ORD9 (GS2) Green Swamp AHD Y Bore Destroyed ORDAG Ivanhoe AHD NA Bore Lost - stops P Packsaddle AHD NA Bore Lost -stops P Packsaddle GL Y P Packsaddle GL Y ANNUAL REPORT

58 AWRC ref Bore name Site Area Hydrographs EC graphs Comments/reasons P Packsaddle GL Y Bore Damaged (Bent) P Packsaddle NA Y DoW need AHD before calculating graph P Packsaddle GL Y P Packsaddle GL Y P Packsaddle AHD Y P Packsaddle GL Y P Packsaddle AHD Y PB1M Ivanhoe north GL Y Bore Damaged PB3M Ivanhoe north GL Y PN11S 8298 Green Swamp AHD Y PN13S 8300 Ivanhoe central GL Y PN14S 8302 Ivanhoe central GL Y PN1S 8281 Green Swamp GL Y Bore Damaged PN2S NA NA Bore Blocked PN3S 8284 Martins Location GL Y PN4S 8286 Ivanhoe north GL Y PN5D 8288 Ivanhoe north GL Y PN6S 8289 Ivanhoe north GL Y PN7S 8291 Martins Location GL Y PN8D 8293 Ivanhoe central GL Y PN9D 8295 Ivanhoe central GL Y PS Packsaddle GL Y Bore Damaged PS Packsaddle GL Y PS Packsaddle GL Y PSPB1M1D Packsaddle GL Y V Cave Springs AHD Y ANNUAL REPORT

59 2008 Bore reading Log AWRC ref Bore name Apr-08 Aug-08 Nov-08 Location Reading Location Reading Location Reading Comment B No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Bore Damaged C Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Bore Blocked DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No Lost DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No Lost DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No Lost Yes No Yes Yes No No Lost DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No Lost /05 DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No /06 DAFWA No DAFWA No DAFWA No CO13C Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes CO14B Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes CO15A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes CO17D Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Bore Damaged CO19C Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes CO1B Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes CO2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes CO28A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes CO29B Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Bore Damaged ANNUAL REPORT

60 AWRC ref Bore name Apr-08 Aug-08 Nov-08 Location Reading Location Reading Location Reading Comment CO31F Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes CO32E Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes CO32H Yes No Yes No Yes No Destroyed CO37 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes CO3C Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes CO40 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes CO51 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes HI1-78 Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No access HI3-78 No No No No No No Destroyed ORD1 (CG3) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ORD10 (GS4) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ORD12 (ML3) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ORD14 (PS15) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Bore Blocked ORD15 (PS12) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ORD27 (PS3) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ORD28 (PS1) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ORD5 (CG1) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ORD6 (CG2) Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Bore Blocked ORD8 (CG4) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ORD9 (GS2) Yes Yes No No No No Destroyed ORDAG1 No No No No No No Lost P10 No No No No No No Lost P12 Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes P13 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ANNUAL REPORT

61 AWRC ref Bore name Apr-08 Aug-08 Nov-08 Location Reading Location Reading Location Reading Comments P16-78 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Bore Damaged P17 Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes P18 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes P2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes P20 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes P8 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PB1M1 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Bore Damaged PB3M1 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PN11S Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PN13S Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PN14S Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PN1S Yes No Yes No Yes No Bore Blocked PN2S Yes No Yes No Yes No Bore Blocked PN3S Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PN4S Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PN5D Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PN6S Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PN7S No No No No Yes Yes PN8D Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PN9D No No No No Yes Yes PS1-78 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Bore Damaged PS2-78 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PS5 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PSPB1M1D Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes V1506 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ANNUAL REPORT

62 APPENDIX 7: GROUNDWATER LEVELS WITHIN THE ORIA. Data was requested from DoW for the following bores, however it was unavailable. - P10, CO32H, CO32E, CO31I, CO31F, CO28A, CO2, CO1B, CO17D, CO15A, CO14B, 96/06, 69/05, 64/31. The following 12 bores have been classified by DoW as closed: B, /12, /14, /16, /18, /06, /33, /39, /92, /01, P10, P12. Section A: GL Graphs IVANHOE PLAIN 1B Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.54mGL WIN SITE ID = IVANHOE PLAIN 1C Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.8mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2004 ANNUAL REPORT

63 IVANHOE PLAIN PN1S Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 1.01mGL WIN SITE ID = IVANHOE PLAIN PN3S Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.922mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ IVANHOE PLAIN PN2S IVANHOE PLAIN PN4S Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.889mGL WIN SITE ID = 8282 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.88mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2003 ANNUAL REPORT

64 IVANHOE PLAIN PN5D Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.8mGL WIN SITE ID = IVANHOE PLAIN PN6S Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.814mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ IVANHOE PLAIN PN7S Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.89mGL WIN SITE ID = IVANHOE PLAIN PN8D Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.89mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2003 ANNUAL REPORT

65 IVANHOE PLAIN PN9D IVANHOE PLAIN PN13S Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.89mGL WIN SITE ID = 8295 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.85mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ IVANHOE PLAIN PN14S IVANHOE PLAIN HI1-78 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 1.218mGL WIN SITE ID = 8302 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.8mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2008 ANNUAL REPORT

66 IVANHOE PLAIN PB3M IVANHOE PLAIN PB1M1 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.748mGL WIN SITE ID = 8310 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 1.028mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ IVANHOE PLAIN HI IVANHOE PLAIN ORD1 (CG3) Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.302mGL WIN SITE ID = 8322 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.89mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2004 ANNUAL REPORT

67 PACKSADDLE PLAIN PS PACKSADDLE PLAIN PS2-78 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.33mGL WIN SITE ID = 8350 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.57mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ PACKSADDLE PLAIN P PACKSADDLE PLAIN P14 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.93mGL WIN SITE ID = 8352 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.53mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2003 ANNUAL REPORT

68 PACKSADDLE PLAIN P PACKSADDLE PLAIN P18 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.97mGL WIN SITE ID = 8354 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.41mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ PACKSADDLE PLAIN P PACKSADDLE PLAIN P13 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.95mGL WIN SITE ID = 8356 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.9mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2004 ANNUAL REPORT

69 PACKSADDLE PLAIN PS5 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.785mGL WIN SITE ID = PACKSADDLE PLAIN PSPB1M1D Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 0.76mGL WIN SITE ID = LEVEL GL(m) LEVEL GL(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2006 ANNUAL REPORT

70 Section B: AHD Graphs IVANHOE PLAIN PN11S Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = mAHD WIN SITE ID = IVANHOE PLAIN V1506 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 34.03mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2003 ANNUAL REPORT

71 IVANHOE PLAIN ORD5 (CG1) Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 33.87mAHD WIN SITE ID = IVANHOE PLAIN ORD6 (CG2) Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ IVANHOE PLAIN ORD8 (CG4) Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 30.27mAHD WIN SITE ID = IVANHOE PLAIN ORD9 (GS2) Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 31.62mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2004 ANNUAL REPORT

72 IVANHOE PLAIN ORD10 (GS4) IVANHOE PLAIN ORD12 (ML3) Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 30.91mAHD WIN SITE ID = Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 35.25mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ PACKSADDLE PLAIN P PACKSADDLE PLAIN P8 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 44.11mAHD WIN SITE ID = 8341 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 47.59mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2001 ANNUAL REPORT

73 PACKSADDLE PLAIN ORD14 (PS15) Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = mAHD WIN SITE ID = IVANHOE PLAIN ORDAG1 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 GL = mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ IVANHOE PLAIN CSIRO BORE 19C Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 = mahd WIN SITE ID = IVANHOE PLAIN CSIRO BORE 29B Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 GL = 35.15mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2009 ANNUAL REPORT

74 IVANHOE PLAIN Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 42.17mAHD WIN SITE ID = PACKSADDLE PLAIN ORD15 (PS12) Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 43.29mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ PACKSADDLE PLAIN ORD27 (PS3) Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = mAHD WIN SITE ID = PACKSADDLE PLAIN ORD28 (PS1) Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = 47mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2004 ANNUAL REPORT

75 ORD RIVER Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 GL = 33.37mAHD WIN SITE ID = ORD RIVER Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 GL = 32.36mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ ORD RIVER Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 GL = 33.16mAHD WIN SITE ID = ORD RIVER Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 GL = 33.69mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/1997 ANNUAL REPORT

76 ORD RIVER Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 GL = 34.63mAHD WIN SITE ID = CO37 IVANHOE IRRIGATION AREA CSIRO 37 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2009 CO40 IVANHOE IRRIGATION AREA CSIRO 40 CO51 IVANHOE IRRIGATION AREA CSIRO 51 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = mAHD WIN SITE ID = Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2009 ANNUAL REPORT

77 PACKSADDLE PLAIN CSIRO BORE 1B Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = mAHD WIN SITE ID = PACKSADDLE PLAIN CSIRO BORE 2 Easting = Northing = Zone = 52 TOIC = mAHD WIN SITE ID = LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL AHD(m) /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/2009 ANNUAL REPORT

78 APPENDIX 8: GROUNDWATER QUALITY WITHIN THE ORIA. ANNUAL REPORT

79 ANNUAL REPORT

80 ANNUAL REPORT

81 ANNUAL REPORT

82 ANNUAL REPORT

83 ANNUAL REPORT

84 ANNUAL REPORT

85 ANNUAL REPORT

86 ANNUAL REPORT

87 ANNUAL REPORT

88 ANNUAL REPORT

89 ANNUAL REPORT

90 ANNUAL REPORT

91 ANNUAL REPORT

92 ANNUAL REPORT

93 APPENDIX 9: ON FARM WATER QUALITY MONITORING TRIAL FACT SHEET. ANNUAL REPORT

94 ANNUAL REPORT

95 APPENDIX 10: ELISA KIT TRIAL FACT SHEET. ANNUAL REPORT

96 APPENDIX 11: CHEMICAL RISK FACT SHEET. ANNUAL REPORT

97 ANNUAL REPORT

98 APPENDIX 12: LEVEL BASIN TRIAL FACT SHEET. ANNUAL REPORT

99 ANNUAL REPORT

100 APPENDIX 13: DRAINAGE RE USE TRIAL FACT SHEET. ANNUAL REPORT

101 ANNUAL REPORT