Emerging ancillary service products in large-scale renewable energy integrated system

Transcription

1 Emerging ancillary service products in large-scale renewable energy integrated system Zakir H Rather Dept. of Energy Science and Engineering, IIT Bombay, India 1 st international conference on Large-Scale Grid Integration of Renewable Energy in India Wind farm in chitradurga-pic taken from IREDA ppt

2 Contents 2 Introduction Variability of wind power Wind power integration and system inertia Impact of wind power integration on grid security Emerging issues with high wind power penetration Conclusion

3 Wind turbine history 3 American wind turbines, 1900 Tvindkraft, oldest operating wind turbine, 42 years old, Denmark, 1 MW capacity Modern wind turbine

4 Global installed wind power 4 Global annual installed wind capacity Global cumulative installed wind capacity

5 Journey of wind power at global level 5 Source: GWEC

6 Wind integration-technical issues 6 Variable nature Ramping Flexibility Wind-driven displacement of conventional synchronous power plant low synchronous inertia diminishing sources of frequency operating reserve diminishing short circuit power and reactive power reserve Post-fault delayed active power recovery from wind turbine/plant

7 Variability-need for flexibility 7 All India daily load curve (source: POSOCO) (SOURCES: SBC ENERGY INSTITUTE ANALYSIS BASED ON 50 HERTZ DATASET) 2022 All India grid is expected to have significant downward ramp of Solar power generation, exacerbating the ramp requirement near evening peak

8 Variability-need for flexibility 8 PGCIL, 2012

9 9 System inertia under high wind penetration level Inertia duration curves All Ireland Grid ENTSO-E, 2015 L. Ruttledge et. al., 2012

10 Impact on grid security: Danish case study 10 1 Fault at Vester Hassing substation Voltage (pu) Time (sec) Rather et al., 2015 Chengxi liu et al., 2014

11 Reactive power support from must run conventional power plants in Danish grid 11 Short circuit power Dynamic voltage control Reactive power consumption from old wind turbines and commutation of HVDC LCC Continuous voltage control (Active power reserves are bought in separate markets and do not give rise to must-run) Must-run was costly Source: Energinet.dk (Danish TSO)

12 Dynamic voltage stability considering dynamic reactive power compensation Active (MW) and Reactive (MVAr) Power Generation Voltage (pu) Fault at Vester Hassing substation Time (sec) Power production (MVAr/MW) Horns Rev-B wind farm P:Case-A Q: Case-A Q:Case-B P:Case-B Time(sec) Rather et al., 2015

13 Frequency Active Power Voltage 13 Post-fault delayed active power recovery Severe Power Oscillations Network fault Other disturbances Severe voltage dip (particularly in the region hosting wind generation) Slow (delayed) active power recovery from wind turbines Temporary reduction in wind power output Temporary Generation load imbalance Time Time Conventional plant O/P Wind Generation O/P Frequency excursion

14 Post-fault delayed active power recovery Rather et. al, 2017

15 Conclusion 15 High wind penetration-need for new and emerging ancillary service products for secure grid operation Ramping margin/flexibility Synchronous/non-synchronous inertial response Fast frequency reserve Dynamic reactive power reserve Post-fault active power recovery reserve

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