China CCUS Developments and Perspective

Transcription

1 IEA GHG International Interdisciplinary CCS Summer School, 17th-23rd July Champaign, Illinois, USA China CCUS Developments and Perspective Prof. Dr. Ningsheng Cai Department of Thermal Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing , P.R.China July 19, 2011

2 Energy Structure of China China s energy consumption is mainly based on coal which has the highest coefficient of carbon emissions. Below is the energy structure of 2010 coal oil NGS others In 2010, China consumed more than 3 billion tons of standard coal, and the CO 2 emissions from coal-combustion is over 75% of the total emissions. Source: China statistical yearbook 2010

3 Installed Power Capacity in China MW Year Source: China's State Electricity Regulatory Commission

4 Thermal Power Capacity and Electric Energy Production Thermal power capacity Electric energy production Source: China's State Electricity Regulatory Commission Growth of thermal power capacity and electric energy production

5 Structure of New Power Generation Equipments 10 MW Hydro Fossil Nuclear Wind Others Source: China electricity regulatory annual report 2010

6 Energy Structure Preview of China Source: IEA world energy outlook 2010

7 Prediction of China's carbon emissions China and USA's emission add up to about 40% of world s total output. China s CO 2 emission become the biggest over USA. Based on the CO 2 emission per capita, China falls far from USA, which is the biggest in the world.

8 Contribution on Emission Reduction in the World Data Year 2005 =1 Energy Consumption Carbon dioxide emissions The emission intensity of GDP Ten energy-saving projects have been started to form an energysaving capacity of 240 million tce in The government invested RMB28 billion for energy saving in China pledged to reduce the amount of CO 2 produced per unit of GDP by 40-45% in 2020 from Compared with 2005, in 2010 the energy consumption per unit GDP drops 19.06%, equivalent to saving 570 million tons standard coal and reducing about billion tons CO 2 emissions and million tons SO 2.

9 Technological Transformation Projects in Power Plants In 2006 there were small thermal power units ( 100MW) of 114,000 MWe nationwide, accounting for 23.6%. Up to now, the proportion of thermal power units higher than 300MW in total installed power stations increased from 44.37% to 67.11%. The country will shut down small thermal power units accumulated over 70 GW Electricity of this amount generated by large units will reduce coal consumption annually 81 million tons sulfur dioxide emissions 1.4 million tons carbon dioxide emissions billion tons

10 Coal Utilization Efficiency Improvement The efficiency increase of 5% in the coal industry chain will result in a reduction of the CO 2 emission of 40.3%. Source: NICE,

11 CCS Demonstration projects in China CCS Capacity ( 10 3 t/a) CO2 Capture/ Operation CO2 Capture/ under construction CO2 Capture+Storage/under construction CO2-EOR/operation Beijing Thermal Shanghai S.D.K Chongqing S.H. Wuhan Oxyfuel Yingcheng Oxyfuel Shenhua Group Yingcheng Oxyfuel Jilin Oil filed

12 CCS Demonstration Projects in China Huaneng Beijing Thermal Power Station 3000 t/a(operation) Jilin Oil field CO 2 -EOR t/d(operation) Shenhua Group CCS t/a (Operation) Huaneng Shidongkou Power Station t/a (Operation) Chongqing Shuanghuai power station t/a (Operation) Hubei Yingcheng Oxyfuel t/a (Approved) Wuhan 3MW oxyfuel t/a (under construction)

13 Pre-combustion carbon capture

14 Carbon Capture Technologies Pre- Combustion N 2 Fuel Air Air Oxy-Coal Combustion Air Separation Unit Air O 2 Gasifier H 2 +CO 2 CO2 Separation & H 2 N2 Air Separation Unit O 2 Fuel Boiler Compression CO 2 CO2 Compression CO 2 Gas Turbine Flue Gas Post- Combustion Air Fuel Boiler N 2 +CO 2 CO2 Separation & Compression Flue Gas Source:2nd Asia Pacific Partnership Oxy-fuel Capacity Building Course CO 2

15 IGCC in Tianjin, GreenGen, Huangneng Group GreenGen started from 2005 The first 250MWe-scale IGCC plant will be accomplished in 2011 at Tianjin To develop gasification based H 2 production, combined cycle with hydrogen gas turbine and high temperature fuel cell

16 IGCC in Tianjin, Huangneng Group Air ASU O 2 N 2 Water Air Gas Turbine Electricity Coal Water Gasification Slag Syngas Clean up Sulfur Steam WGS H 2 H 2 /CO 2 Separation Fuel Cell CO 2 Gasification Shifting CO 2 Capture Syngas: 6000Nm 3 /h, 14.9MWt CO 2 captured: 60000ton/a.

17 Further R&D Tasks Integration, optimization and modular design of IGCC system Pre-combustion CO 2 capture technology based on IGCC technology Low energy consumption Water Gas Shift (WGS) reaction- CO 2 separation technology Study on the absorption characteristics of absorbent Research on pre-combustion carbon capture technology based on solid absorbent Two-staged-oxygen-feeding entrained flow gasification with dry-ash-extraction

18 Post-combustion carbon capture

19 Post Combustion Capture Plant Configuration Source:

20 CO 2 Capture Demonstration Project in Beijing Thermal Investment: China Huaneng Operation Date: CO 2 capture capacity 3000 t/a Capture Method: MEA CO 2 concentration: 99.99%

21 CO 2 Capture Demonstration Project in shanghai Investment: China Huaneng Operation Date: CO 2 capture capacity t/a Capture Method: MEA

22 CO 2 Capture Demonstration Project in Chongqing S.H. Investment: CPI Corporation Operation Date: CO 2 capture capacity t/a Capture Method: MEA

23 Further R&D Tasks 120,000 tons / year CO 2 capture system operation optimization Large-scale CO 2 capture and utilization of coal-fired power plant Study on the absorption characteristics of absorbent Engineering design of large-scale post-combustion CO 2 capture systems Research on novel CO 2 absorption solution

24 Oxy-fuel combustion carbon capture

25 Oxy-Fuel Plant Configuration ASU Boiler Island CPU Nitrogen (N2 ) Out Recycled Flue Gas Other gases (NCGs) Air In Pure Air Oxygen Separation (O2 ) Unit CO2 and Boiler Flue Gas Environmental Cleanup Equipment CO2 Compression Coal In Ash H2O Other Captured Emissions SO2 CO2 Capture (liquid) Source:2nd Asia Pacific Partnership Oxy-fuel Capacity Building Course

26 Roadmap for Oxy-fuel R&D in China (SKLCC Draft) 3MWt large pilot study 7000T/a full chain validation ASU-CPU coupling FGC and drying MWe full demo. Millions ton CCS-EOR 300kWt small pilot study Burner development Data collection and Optimization Thermal Design MWt pilot plant 0.1 million ton capture ASU-CPU-power generation integration and optimization Fundamental Study 1995

27 Further R&D Tasks Combustion and pollutant emission characteristics Pilot scale evaluation and optimization Field Testing and CO 2 Utilization Process simulation and optimization Commercial scale engineering feasibility

28 CO 2 Utilization and Storage

29 CO 2 -Geological sequestration tech Geological sequestration Ocean sequestration Vegetation sequestration Using the deep part saline aquifer of sedimentary basin for storing CO 2 Using the oil-gas field for CO 2 sequestration: the discarded oil-gas field/ CO 2 -EOR Tech Using the abundant coal bed for reserving CO 2 unminable thin seam, overembed deep coal bed

30 CO 2 -EOR Demonstration Project in Jilin Oil Field Injection station Collection station Total CO 2 injection amount from 2008 to 2010 : t Now: 300~400 t/d 100t/d CO 2 capture and EOR Demonstration project is under construction in SINOPEC Shengli oil field.

31 ENN s Micro-algae Bio-fixation of CO2

32 ENN S Micro-algae Bio-fixation of CO2

33 Hydrogen Production- chemical Fixation of CO2

34 CO 2 Capture & Storage Demonstration Project in Inner Mongolia Investment: Shenhua Group Operation Date: Dec 31 st, 2010 CO 2 capture capacity t/a CO 2 capture & Storage Project

35 UCG an integrated mining technology gas enriched gas supply anthracite CO 2 enhanced coal bed methane CO 2 as gasifying agent Coal bed methane development underground mining UCG bituminous coal Coal and ground water ground water residua backfill residua backfill Catalytic gasification ground water syngas power methane methanol lignite UCG CO 2 gasifying agent and storage

36 UCG in China Long Tunnel, Large Cross-section, Two stages UCG, China University of Mining and technology ENN UCG technological flow sheet of commercial demonstration station Pilot demonstration completed

37 Further R&D Tasks Potential and adaptability evaluation of CO 2 -ECBM in Orods Basin Brine-rock-CO 2 interactions and its effect on CO 2 migration pattern Potential and adaptability evaluation of CO 2 saline aquifer storage in Orods Basin Grading and selection of potential storage blocks in Orods Basin Potential and adaptability evaluation of CO 2 -EOR in Orods Basin Technical proposal of CO 2 -EOR adapting to site characteristics in Orods Basin

38 Summary

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