TECHNICAL COOPERATION. Quality Infrastructure Services for Water and Sanitation Providers in Latin America

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1 Quality Infrastructure Services for Water and Sanitation Providers in Latin America October 2014

2 The Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt The Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Germany s national metrology institute, has been in existence for over 125 years. With its 2,000 employees in locations in Braunschweig and Berlin, it is a global player in the world of measurement technology.

3 Organisational structure of the PTB Certification body Presidential staff Press and public relations Mechanics and Acoustics Precision Engineering Certification body Electricity Ionizing Radiation QUEST-Institute of the PTB Chemical Physics and Explosion Protection Temperature and Synchrotron Radiation Optics Scientific- Technical Cross- Sectional Tasks Medical Physics and Metrological Information Technology Management Services

4 Tasks of the PTB FUNDAMENTALS OF METROLOGY Presentation and dissemination of the SI units METROLOGY FOR THE ECONOMY Performance improvement of the economy Securing employment INTER- NATIONAL AFFAIRS Removal of technical barriers to trade Standardisation of metrology METROLOGY FOR SOCIETY Promotion of consumer protection Securing of living conditions RESEARCH MEASUREMENTS C ONSULTING

5 International harmonisation of metrology Worldwide metrology Cooperation with metrological institutes International comparative measurements CIPM-MRA, OIML-MAA, WTO-TBT Participation in international committees Metre Convention Legal metrology Standardisation International Research Projects Technical cooperation Assistance in developing and emerging countries (43 projects in 81 countries on four continents)

6 Technical cooperation For 50 years, PTB has contributed its core competence to cooperation in international development. We support developing and emerging countries in the comprehensive field of activity of quality infrastructure.

7 Our profile. Multi-level approach. We advise governments and ministries, promote institutions of quality infrastructure, and support small and medium-sized companies. Policy Level International/Regional Organizations Policy/Decision Makers Regional Associations of Producers and Consumers Institutional Level QI Institutions Business Service Providers Business Membership Organizations SME Promotion Agencies Export Promotion Agencies etc. Customer Level Target Group Level Producers/Suppliers (local market and export) Consumers/Buyers

8 Development of the PTB project approach Metrology and Calibration Twinning of specialty laboratories Activity orientated Metrology and Calibration Task force for technical cooperation (project management, lobbying) Intensive dialogue with BMZ (delegation of personnel) Increased networking National Quality Infrastructure Systematic and systemic approach Results-orientated Involved in a regional approach (SIM)

9 Our project partners. Worldwide. 43 projects in 81 countries comprising: 18 bilateral projects 24 regional projects 1 transregional project Financial volume 8 10 million per year 50 employees Clients BMZ, BMWi, EU, development banks, and direct orders bilateral regional

10 Our cooperation partners. Sustainable employees 100 laboratories 1000 committees PTB BIPM, OIML, ISO, IEC ILAC, IAF, WTO, ITC, World Bank, regional development banks, UNIDO, UNECE International organisations German institutes BMWi, BMZ, BMBF, BMU, BGR, GIZ, Engagement Global, DIN, BAM, DAkks, DGQ, universities, associations... Regional organisations EU commission, European QI (EURAMET, EA, CEN), partner regions (SIM, APMP, COOMET, AFRIMETS, )

11 Our cooperation partners. Sustainable. Brazil, Mexiko, South Korea, South Africa, China, Turkey, India, Russia Global development partners PTB 2000 employees 100 laboratories 1000 committees BIPM, OIML, ISO, IEC ILAC, IAF, WTO, ITC, World Bank, regional development banks, UNIDO, UNECE International organisations German institutes BMWi, BMZ, BMBF, BMU, BGR, GIZ, Engagement Global, DIN, BAM, DAkks, DGQ, universities, associations... Regional organisations EU commission, European QI (EURAMET, EA, CEN), partner regions (SIM, APMP, COOMET, AFRIMETS, )

12 Quality. Objectively measurable. Quality can be measured. Quality has objectively verifiable characteristics, which are defined by law or contract. Quality indicates to which extent a product or service meets the existing requirements. QUALITY IS THE FULFILLMENT OF E X P E CTATIONS

13 Quality infrastructure. Institutional diversity. In order to verify that products and services comply with the national and international standards, a coherent network is required. This network is referred to as quality infrastructure. The network consists of different institutions that provide services for the state, the economy, and the consumer. QUALITY I S THE FULFILLMENT OF EXPECTATIONS

14 Quality infrastructure. A complex network. Technical Regulations Standards Buyer/Consumer Conformity Assessment Metrology Inspection Supplier/Producer Testing Certification Accreditation

15 Quality infrastructure. A complex network.

16 Quality infrastructure. A cross-sectional task. Economy Trade Resources Climate Energy Healthcare Consumer Protection Good Governance Quality Infrastructure Innovation Technology Transfer Environment Water Education Rural Development

17 Quality infrastructure. Contribution to sustainability. Sustainable economic development A contribution to employment promotion and reduction of poverty Environmental sustainability Environmental and resource protection requires sustainable and reliable measurements Sustainable social development A contribution to the human right to health Fair competition requires adherence to the rules of the game Good governance protects citizens

18 Testing Metrology - Calibration of instruments/measurements for: water consumption and flow monitoring of pipe pressure chemical water quality parameters - Type approval of water-meters Water analysis Measurement instruments evaluation Material assessment Quality Infrastructure in the Water Sector Certification Conformity certificates for quality management systems, products and staff Standardization Conventions on: chemical and biological quality criteria testing and measuring methods minimum requirements on infrastructure (e.g. materials) Accreditation Competence evidence for testing and calibration laboratories, certification and inspection bodies Perform proficiency tests

19 Main challenges for Quality Infrastructure in the Water and Sanitation sector Latin America

20 Estimated trends of drinking water coverage Bolivia (piped onto premises) Peru (piped onto premises) Nicaragua (piped onto premises) Drinking water coverage estimates Urban (%) Rural (%) Total (%) Source: WHO / UNICEF, Joint Monitoring Programme, 2014

21 Estimated trends of sanitation coverage Bolivia (Improved facilities) Peru (Improved facilities) Nicaragua (Improved facilities) Sanitation coverage estimates Urban (%) Rural (%) Total (%) Source: WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme, 2014

22 Environmental health risks Burden of disease preventable through healthier environments Bol. Peru Nicar. Col. Chile Brasil < 5 mortality rate xx/1000 live births (2006) Risk factor W&S&H (diarrhoea only) DALYs/1000 cap/year (2004)* ,3 1 5 * DALYs = Disability Adjusted Life Years; measurement unit for morbidity and mortality (WHO and WB); facilitates comparisons of all types of health outcomes Source: World Health Organization, Public Health and the Environment, 2009.

23 Structure of the Water Industry Bolivia Water providers municipal or community owned Approx. 900 are regulated Only 27 regularly reporting water quality measurements to the regulator Population served Water utilities* Over inhabitants 3 Between and Between and Between and Under n.a. * According to Plan Sectorial de Desarrollo

24 Structure of the Water Industry Peru Utilities: owned by central government (1), under private concession (1), municipal or community owned (remaining) Water quality measurements reported to the Health Ministry Providers Pop. attended Urban areas 50 64% Small towns % Rural areas %

25 Quality requirements for drinking water Bolivia Reglamento Nacional para el Control de la Calidad del Agua para Consumo Humano (2010) 59 Parameters Providers are not required to make use of accredited testing services Peru Reglamento para la calidad de agua de consumo humano (2011) Up to 120 parameters (depending on water quality at the source) Providers are not required to make use of accredited testing services

26 Main challenges in organisation of service Financial viability of service providers: economies of scale; tariff reforms Improve governability of water providers: management of services; institutional strengthening Main challenges in quality control Increase quality control infrastructure and competence Improve control of supervisory levels Regulation development Expansion of reliable testing services

27 Further area of focus: Waste water quality control Control of quality standards for natural waters (seas, rivers, oceans) Quality control of waste water discharge: - waste water treatment plants to natural waters - industry & commerce to the sewer Reuse of treated waste waters

28 Examples from Project Work in Bolivia and Peru

29 Main objective Strengthen the QI institutions: technical competence and services for the water and sanitation sector Main areas Water consumption measurement (flow measurement) Water quality measurement (drinking and waste water)

30 General project approach Strengthen communication and direct interaction with W&S sector: promoting benefits of QI through visits to NMI laboratories, publications, meetings Increase of services provided by QI institutions fulfilling sector demands: training of technical personnel from the QI bodies, acquisition of laboratory equipment, participation in interlaboratory comparisons Capacities development of W&S providers: awareness raising, training courses, participation in proficiency tests Development and updating of relevant standards

31 Stakeholders Implementing partners: Metrology, Accreditation, Standardization (project counterparts) Involved institutions: regulation authorities, sector authorities, water suppliers and health authorities Public and private laboratories

32 Bolivia Capacity building in drinking water control Quality management and metrological principles : Several courses throughout the country Participation of about 20 water suppliers Average attendance: 4 trainings per supplier : Capacity building Program (6 modules) Objective: continuous participation of technical staff from testing laboratories and flow measurement 7 suppliers & regulator participated throughout the whole Program

33 Bolivia Proficiency tests in drinking water Proficiency tests Participating W&S suppliers Basic parameters covered (NB 512) ph conductivity ph conductivity turbidity ph conductivity % Satisfactory results 78% 80% 80%

34 Proficiency test in drinking water 2013 Covered the 5 basic parameters (NB 512) 7 W&S providers participated Only 54% satisfactory results Bolivia

35 National Program to promote the accreditation of testing laboratories Mutually developed with Bolivian regulator enforcement of effective regulations Objective: Accreditation of testing laboratories of service providers in ph and free chlorine residual Around 16 utilities with adequate infrastructure identified; 13 utilities registered Bolivia

36 Bolivia Procedure Assessment of testing laboratory Training courses 14 months Accreditation evaluation Costs IBMETRO-PTB cooperation Water suppliers: cover transport costs, calibration of equipment, participation in PT, cost of accreditation

37 Bolivia Expected results Selected providers improve capacities in drinking water testing (two parameters) Input for further development of sector policies: regulator intends to make regular participation of water utilities in proficiency testing mandatory

38 Peru Capacity building in drinking water control ( ) On quality management and metrological principles Program executed with selected providers

39 Proficiency tests in drinking water (ph) Peru Proficiency tests ph 4 (2009) ph 6,86 (2009) ph 4 (2011) ph 4 (2013) Participants Deviations 1U 11% 20% 40% 67% Deviations > 2U 53% 65% 40% 33% Uncertainty reported 47% 70% 100% 100% Satisfactory results 42% 45% 60% 100%

40 Proficiency tests in drinking water (conductivity) Peru Proficiency tests 1410 µs/cm (2009) 1410 µs/cm (2011) 1410 µs/cm (2013) Participants Deviations 1U 47% 12% 67% Deviations > 2U 35% 38% 33% Uncertainty reported 71% 100% 100% Satisfactory results 45% 60% 67%

41 Challenges in waste water control Peru Flow of waste water into the sewage system

42 Peru New regulation on waste water control New regulation: quality control of industrial and commercial waste water released into sewage system Periodic report on waste water quality (up to 23 parameters) by industrial and commercial users of municipal sewage systems Only results from accredited testing laboratories acknowledged

43 D.S Annex 1: exceeding these 4 parameters leads to financial charge to users Peru Parameter Unit VMA BOD mg/l 500 COD mg/l 1000 Suspended solids mg/l 500 Oils and fats mg/l 100

44 D.S Annex 2: exceeding these 19 parameters leads to service cut off Peru

45 Peru The problem Accredited testing services for all 23 parameters only available in the capital Services for some accredited parameters available in coastal regions only No accredited testing services in most regions of the country

46 Peru National Program to promote the accreditation of testing laboratories Developed by accreditation body with head of sector enforcement of effective regulations Objective: Accreditation of testing laboratories outside of Lima in 4 parameters (BOD, COD, suspended solids, oils and fats)

47 Peru 14 potential laboratories identified Testing laboratories executing 4 parameters (Annex 1) Laboratories executing 3 parameters (Annex 1)

48 Peru Procedure Assessment of testing laboratory Training courses Accreditation evaluation Program will start by the end of year

49 Some conclusions Specific needs and priorities of partner institutions are key for cooperation - guide planning and implementation Exchange of experiences and common learning between involved parties are a basis for sustainable cooperation networks Limited financial endowment of the water and sanitation sector remains a challenge, as well as little attention to quality assurance and conformity assessment New challenges in view of impending water scarceness (climate changes) can have a positive influence on requirements for better measurements for a more efficient use of resources

50 First we take measurements, then we take measures. Thank you for your attention.