Innovation at DC Water: from Practice to Theory (and back to Practice) Sudhir N. Murthy, PhD, PE, BCEE Innovations Chief, DC Water

Transcription

1 Innovation at DC Water: from Practice to Theory (and back to Practice) Sudhir N. Murthy, PhD, PE, BCEE Innovations Chief, DC Water

2 384 mgd plant capacity; one of the largest advanced plants in the world 2

3 Intensification factor and resource savings are calculated compared to conventional treatment (nitrification/denitrification, mesophilic digestion) or the current Blue Plains operation (carbon, mainstream) Intensification factor Resource savings % aeration 25-75% methanol cost Minimize Carbon demand and increase capacity with mainstream deammonification Intensification factor Maximize Energy Recovery in Cambi / MAD Short-cut N removal: Nitrite shunt/ mainstream deammonification Resource savings % hauling cost Electricity production Intensification Factor Resource savings % aeration 100% methanol Minimize Carbon demand in Sidestream Deammonification system Intensification factor Resource savings % aeration Increased energy recovery Maximize Carbon Capture in Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment and High-rate activated sludge

4 Challenges Blue Plains Washington, D.C. DO more IN less WITH less Growth More Stringent Regulations Now and in the Future Eliminate CSOs Nutrients (TN<3 & TP<0.18), Class A Biosolids Space constraints Aging infrastructure Sustainability Vision Energy Neutrality Resource Recovery Energy, Biosolids, Nutrients, Water Cost long term rate impacts

5 Innovation Life cycle Clayton M. Christensen Harvard Business School biology.ualberta.ca filetwin.com

6 The Fly and The Elephant

7 Innovation Lifecycle

8 The Hare, The Horse and The Elephant Increasing Maximum Life

9 9 The Innovation Portfolio

10 Leveraging Intellectual Capital 1. Water/Wastewater Process Innovation 2. Smart Systems Leveraging Sensors and Analytics 10

11 Innovation Portfolio (Distributed) (Centralized)

12 Innovation Portfolio Quick Wins (0-2 years) Capital Improvements (2-8 years)

13 Collaboration is our Strength Giants are not what we think they are. The same qualities that appear to give them strength are often the sources of great weakness. Malcolm Gladwell, David and Goliath: Underdogs, Misfits, and the Art of Battling Giants Malcolm Gladwell Gladwell s perspective is that our weaknesses and shortcomings may actually be our greatest strength.

14 Open Innovation Open Innovation Utilities (Alex Renew, HRSD, PWD, NYCDEP, Thames Water, Sydney Water, Singapore PUB, Strass, Salzburg) Universities (GWU, HU, UMd, Catholic U, VT, Bucknell U, UCI, Columbia U, UK, U. Innsbruck, Ghent U., U. Queensland, U. Cape Town) Within Manufacturing/Services (WWW, HKF, Ovivo, Cambi, IBM, GE, Cisco, Qualcomm, Meiden, SWECO, Suez, Emefcy, WWW India) Consultants (Most Major US Consultants, ARA Consult, Dynamita) 14

15 Theme Underlying theme for Intensification and managing Resource used: Improve the physical factors that limit process performance NH3-N TIN NO3-N NO2-N DO Sensors and process control can leverage further improvements mgnh3-n-tin/l mgno3-n-no2-n/l, mgdo/l 0 15:57 16:04 16:12 16:19 16:26 16:33 16:40 16:48 16:55 17:02 0 Biological selection is key to managing yield and inventory

16 Physical Factors Viscosity Flocculation Gravitational Force Compressibility Diffusion Unmodified EDI Shape and and size size of old of EDI unmodified compared to EDI new Modified EDI New EDI installed installed Modified EDI

17 Viscosity Physical Factor

18 /3 Water Technology 900, , ,000 Cambi cumulative 37 projects 600, ,000 cumulative capacity tds/year 400, , , ,000 0 Haug, R.T., Stuckey, D.C., Gossett, I.M., McCarty, P.I. (1978) Effect of thermal pretreatment on digestibility and dewaterability of organic sludges, J. Water Poll. Control Fed., 50, 73. Source: Cambi

19 Apparent Viscosity (mpa-s) Viscosity 20,000 15,000 pre-thp Feed 130 o C THP Treatment 150 o C THP Treatment 170 o C THP Treatment 10,000 5, Shear Rate (1/sec)

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21 Improving Capacity Ft 3 biogas/day Ft 3 of tankage DC Water Digesters Typical Sludge Digestion Feeding ~10% Solids VS loading at lb VS/ft 3 /day Only 15 MG of Digesters, rather than 40+MG required for typical MAD At $5/gal = $125+ million savings and much less space required Source: Perry Schafer

22 Flocculation Physical Factor for Discussion

23 Cake Solids (%) Dewatering at TH Plants Belt Filter Press Dewatering Centrifuge Dewatering THP Site 23

24 Dewatering Intensification Site Aberdeen Denmark Naestved Bran Sands Dewatering Equipment Solids Loading Rate (kg/hr-m) Polymer Dose (kg/mt) Cake Solids Filtrate Solids - TSS (mg/l) 2.2 m, Ashbrook Klampress m, Bellmer Winklepress m, Andritz Belt press Powerpress S HIAS 2 m, Stantec BFP

25 Cake Solids (%) Dewatering Intensification Bellmer BFP Siemens BFP Solids Loading (kg/hr-m)

26 Stress Test with Modified EDI Unmodified EDI Shape and and size size of old of unmodified EDI compared to EDI new Modified EDI installed New EDI installed Modified EDI Date Effluent TSS Fe 3+ SOR SOR Influent Polymer Mod. EDI Unmod. EDI TSS Mod. EDI Unmod. EDI (mg/l) (mg/l) (gpd/ft 2 ) (gpd/ft 2 ) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) 6/14/ ,550 1, /20/ ,770 1, /18/ ,785 1, /27/ ,000 1, /20/ ,025 1, /6/ ,125 1, /4/ ,125 1, /15/ ,210 2, /1/ ,360 2, NS

27 Plant Data: Results of Optimization mg/l mg/l mg/l 27

28 Physical Factor Sedimentation (Gravitational)

29 IF OF UF Density difference between flocculant and granular sludge fraction

30 Settling velocity test 0 Min. 1 Min. 2 Min. 3 Min. 5 Min. 10 Min Min.

31 Main feature: Selective retention of particles with improved settling characteristics Main outcomes: - Improved and stable settling behavior - Increased capacity - Biological phosphorous removal

32 Compressibility Physical Factor

33 Fundamentals of Nitrification - Denitrification Autotrophic Nitrification Aerobic Environment 1 mol Nitrate (NO 3- ) Heterotrophic Denitrification Anoxic Environment 40% Carbon 25% O 2 1 mol Nitrite (NO 2- ) 1 mol Nitrite (NO 2- ) 60% Carbon 75% O 2 100% Alkalinity 1 mol Ammonia ½ mol Nitrogen Gas (NH 3 / NH + 4 ) (N 2 ) Oxygen demand 4.57 g / g NH + 4-N oxidized Carbon demand 4.77 g COD / g NO - 3-N reduced

34 N-shortcut for enhanced energy balance Partial Nitritation Aerobic Environment 1 mol Nitrate (NO 3- ) ANAMMOX Deammonification Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Autotrophic Nitrite Reduction (New Planctomycete, 40% Carbon Strous et. al. 1999) > 60% reduction in Oxygen NH NO HCO H + Eliminate demand for supplemental carbon 25% O NO N CH 2 O 0.5 N H 2 O 50% of the alkalinity demand 0.57 mol NO 2 - Partial Nitritation 40% O 2 50% Alkalinity 1 mol Ammonia (NH 3 / NH 4 + ) 0.44 mol N NO 3 - Oxygen demand 1.9 g / g NH + 4-N oxidized

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36 DEMON Sidestream Continuous Deammonification Features ph based aeration control Screens for anammox retention Outcome Anammox Selection Granulation Implementation at Strass WWTP (Austria) for centrate treatment (13 others in Europe)

37 Screen selector: Particle size distribution

38 specific ammonia load [kgn/m3/d] resources demand [kwh/kg N], [kg VSS/kg N] resource requirements of sidestream deammonification Strass 1.2 specif. NH4-load specific energy spec VSS dosage Nitritation/Denitritation DEMON screen installation diffuser repair

39 specif.nh4-load (kgn/m3/d) NH4-elimination (%) specif.nh4-load %NH4-elimination

40 Summary Underlying theme for Intensification and managing Resource used: Improve physical forces that limit process performance 14 NH3-N TIN NO3-N NO2-N DO 4 Sensors and process control can leverage further improvements mgnh3-n-tin/l mgno3-n-no2-n/l, mgdo/l 0 15:57 16:04 16:12 16:19 16:26 16:33 16:40 16:48 16:55 17:02 0 Biological selection is key to managing yield and inventory

41 Need for Dispersion of Innovation The Statute of Monopolies, passed on 29 May 1624 in the UK Source: Virtual Capitalist

42 World Economic Center of Gravity

43 Commercializing Products and Services. Products include intellectual property Services include the delivery of short-term or sustained expertise associated with a product Products and services are bundled to maximize efficiency for the customer and revenue potential for DC Water.

44 44 Open Innovations Partnering Partnering in Discovery Example HRSD indense Cyclones for sludge densification or fouling mitigation Partnering in Demonstration (Technical Viability) Example BIOCOS Process (near Munich, Germany) Partnering in Commercialization Example HKF Technologies BIOCOS-inDense in Kunming, China ISV MLSS 1. Jan. 5. Feb.11. Mrz.15. Apr.20. Mai.24. Jun.29. Jul. 2. Sep. 7. Okt

45 Open Innovation Team