Cycles of Nature. The Cycles of Nature. The Water Cycle. The Water Cycle. Water cycle Carbon cycle Nitrogen cycle 9/15/16

Transcription

1 Cycles of Nature The Cycles of Nature Three cycles that moves matter among the environment and living things Water cycle Carbon cycle Nitrogen cycle 79 The movement of water among oceans, atmosphere, land, and living things. Precipitation- water moving from atmosphere to land Ex: rain, snow, sleet, hail 91% falls into the ocean, 9% on land renews fresh water supply 1

2 Evaporation- water moving from the land to the atmosphere The sun s heat causes water to change from liquid to vapor Condensation- water vapor becoming liquid again due to cool atmosphere Transpiration- water moving from living things back into the atmosphere Ex: evaporation from leaves, perspiration from humans Ground Water- precipitation that seeps into the ground and is stored in underground caverns and porous rock Provides water for the soil, streams, rivers, and oceans Our water supply is not getting larger so we must protect our fresh water from pollution!! Water Cycle 85 2

3 The movement of carbon from the environment into living things and back again Carbon is essential to all living things because it is part of our molecules. Carbon Footprint Photosynthesis- carbon moves from the environment into living things Plants use carbon dioxide from the air to make sugar Animals get carbon from eating plants Respiration- carbon moves from living things back to the environment Sugar molecules are broken down to release energy and carbon dioxide is given off when we exhale Decomposition- carbon moving from dead organisms back to the environment Fungi and bacteria decompose dead organisms Combustion- the process of burning fuel Burning fossil fuels releases carbon back into the atmosphere 3

4 Where does CO2 in atmosphere come from? CO2 in atmosphere CO2 in Ocean Volcanic activity 1. Human activity (burning fossil fuels long process) Cellular respiration Decomposition of dead organisms from91 4. the oceans BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006 The movement of nitrogen from the environment to living things and back again. 78% of our atmosphere is nitrogen gas Nitrogen fixation- the process of bacteria changing nitrogen gas into usable nitrogen for plants Animals get nitrogen from eating plants Other bacteria decompose dead animals and animal waste and return nitrogen to the atmosphere 4

5 WHY IS NITROGEN IMPORTANT? 1) NITROGEN BASES make DNA and RNA 2) Adenine (nitrogen base) is used in ATP 3) Makes AMINO part of amino acids (proteins) Section 3-3 Nitrogen Cycle N 2 in Atmosphere NH 3 NO 3 - and NO Image by Riedell Image by Riedell BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006 Nitrogen Cycle Video Cycles of Nature Recap Exit Ticket 1. What 3 cycles did we discuss today in class? 2. Name 2 processes that occur during the water cycle. 3. In the carbon cycle, which process converts radiant energy into chemical energy for plants to produce sugar and oxygen? 4. Which cycle involves nitrogen fixing bacteria to convert nitrogen gas into a usable format for plants? 5. List 1 item you learned today from our discussion. 98 5