Energy Hub Management System Project. Presentation to the Smart Grid Forum by Prof. Ian Rowlands and Prof. Claudio Cañizares 2 May 2011

Transcription

1 Energy Hub Management System Project Presentation to the Smart Grid Forum by Prof. Ian Rowlands and Prof. Claudio Cañizares 2 May 2011

2 Outline context achievements forthcoming prospects discussion 2

3 Context Transformative Energy Innovation competition launched by Ontario Centres of Excellence (Centre for Energy) in August applicants, 16 invited to submit full application, six selected in February 2008 contract signed in late ontario.org/pages/coeenergy.aspx?coe=en 3

4 Context 4

5 Context OCE theme of conservation and demand management EHMS art/smog.html; airqualityontario.com/reports/summary.cfm; art/ 5

6 Context Ontario s three guiding principles for smart grids customer control access, visibility, control, participation in renewable generation, customer choice, education power system flexibility adaptive infrastructure flexibility, forward compatibility, encourage innovation, maintain pulse on innovation ective_smart_grid_ _0.pdf; thestar.com 6

7 Structure 7

8 Structure 8

9 Modelling MILP mathematical model: J = Energy costs and/or Energy consumption and/or Emission costs [and/or Peak load]. First constraint limits the maximum peak load (S i is a binary variable representing appliance on/off status). Second set of constraints are different for each appliance. 9

10 Modelling Appliances modelled: fridge AC electrical/gas heating electrical/gas water heater washer and dryer dishwasher stove lighting pool pump PV array energy storage 10

11 Modelling: residential example Device Name plate Average value Air conditioner 3200 W 2200 W ( running wattage ) Furnace 75 kbtu/hr, 1150 W m 3 /hr Fridge 900 W 600 W Water heater 42 kbtu/hr, 600 W, 60 Gallon m 3 /hr Lighting 150 W Stove 4600 W 1500 W (avg. power during cycle) Dishwasher 1250 W 700 W (avg. power during cycle) Cloth washer 2000 W 450 W (avg. power during cycle) Dryer 5000 W 1100 W (avg. power during cycle) Pool pump Energy storage device 750 W 3 kw solar PV panel, 30 kwh battery storage, minimum storage level 6 kwh 11

12 Modelling: residential example Item Case 5 Reduction w.r.t Case 0 PT (%) Reduction w.r.t Case 0 FT S (%) Energy cost ($) Energy consumption (kwh) Gas cost ($) Gas consumption (cu.m) Emission (kg) Peak demand (kw)

13 Modelling: residential example Peak load constraint 13

14 Modelling: residential example AC operation 14

15 Modelling: refrigerator example 15

16 Modelling: distribution feeder model MINLP model: Objective Function: Minimize energy drawn from substation. Limit number of switching operations. Equality Constraints: Three-phase component models Conductors/cables. Switches. Transformers. Load Tap Changers (LTCs). Loads and Capacitors. Switched Capacitors (SCs). Network Equations. Inequality Constraints: Voltage limit (as per ANSI). Feeder current limits. Integer variables: Discrete LTC taps. Switch capacitor blocks. Model has been solved using and ad-hoc iterative approach based on an NLP model. 16

17 Understanding keys to consumer engagement 17

18 Understanding keys to consumer engagement making electricity consumption public and subject to social norms may reduce consumption we all have a somewhat competitive nature and don't want to be outdone by our neighbours when it comes to conservation. closer groups may get better results reduced consumption and more comments Kind of enjoyed the sense of competition. key may have been the learning The main influence of participation was to assist all members of our household to become focused on the issues. I would share our daily performance with everyone and it would influence their behaviours thus effecting our outcomes. 18

19 Understanding keys to consumer engagement information alone is not a strong motivator for behavioural change consumption feedback needs to be relative to a meaningful point of reference your own past; others present little is known of how interest in home energy conservation may be developed through home energy goal-setting and appliance-specific performance-based feedback 19

20 Understanding keys to consumer engagement 20

21 Experience when the smart grid rubber hits the road seamless plug and play is a phrase that has been used by vendors (and may be true in some cases) but numerous permutations and combinations have yet to be tried 21

22 Experience when the smart grid rubber hits the road blazing a new trail (e.g., new parts together) and therefore need new information develop custom protocols that require complete documentation from multiple vendors firmware may be incomplete or not fully tested often hard to find the right technical person 22

23 Experience when the smart grid rubber hits the road our development of an integrative system 23

24 Developing/training a new generation of energy system professionals sandc.com; cornell.edu; caiso.org; nec.com; reepwaterlooregion.ca; sustainablewaterloo.org; town.caledon.on.ca 24

25 Forthcoming up to 50 residential pilots in the Milton Hydro service territory being launched 15 non-residential pilots in the Hydro One service territory soon to be launched 25

26 Forthcoming Residential EHMS models have been made public through a US provisional patent and two submitted IEEE Transactions papers. Deployment of residential EHMS pilots (from this week): Monitoring phase (Spring 2011 and Summer 2011): Modeling parameters (e.g. average power ratings, temperature change rates) will be obtained from measurements (e.g. powers, temperature variations) at different households. Models will be run and tuned, and theoretical savings reported to users. Control phase (Fall 2011 & Winter 2012): Model decisions will be used to control appliances. Results will be used to determine actual savings and for model improvement. 26

27 Forthcoming Models for other sectors: Agricultural: storage facility and greenhouse Commercial/institutional: arena and small grocery stores Industrial: distribution feeder models; generic These models will tested and fine tuned in an open-loop mode, i.e. no automatic control actions are expected. All models will be integrated into a full US patent application by April 2012 Energent ( is lead commercialisation partner 27

28 Forthcoming Understanding customer engagement Which end-use is sacrificed, should the budget be running down? Which indicator to use? electricity, money or environmental impact? 28

29 Forthcoming Understanding customer engagement How are multiple goals balanced? 29

30 Forthcoming Overall system validation 30

31 Forthcoming Understanding of other sectors Where are the commercial opportunities, what are the value propositions in these instances? htm

32 Prospects Areas for continued investigation include macro-hub optimisation (of a series of microhubs) customer engagement and customer value(s) Support for such work could include Ministry of Energy Smart Grid Fund OCE Smart Grid Competition 32

33 Discussion UW investigators Prof. Ian Rowlands (PI, Faculty of Environment) (519) , ext Prof. Claudio Cañizares (Faculty of Engineering) (519) , ext Prof. Kankar Bhattacharya (Faculty of Engineering) Prof. Paul Parker (Faculty of Environment) 33