Jeff Hughes and Richard Whisnant UNC School of Government

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1 Jeff Hughes and Richard Whisnant UNC School of Government

2 1.Highlight the role of water in fostering vibrant and resilient communities 2.Identify water management budgetary (natural and financial) challenges 3.Share and test drive leadership strategies for addressing challenges

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4 The EFCN will provide training and technical assistance to small public water systems in all fifty states and five territories to help local water systems achieve and maintain compliance with the Safe Drinking Water Act. Workshops and trainings will be provided in these areas: Asset Management Water Loss Reduction Water System Collaboration Fiscal Planning and Rate Setting Energy Management Funding Coordination, and Managerial and Financial Leadership Contact Information: Glenn Barnes

5 9:00-10:30 Water budgets: wise governance for water Fundamental concepts of water resources and water service delivery Regional and special issues for public systems in North Carolina ` Introduction to an exercise in water leadership 10:30-10:45 Break 10:45-12:15 Leadership exercise: decisions where water leadership matters 12:15-1:00 Lunch Swimming in the Reservoir (optional) 1:00-2:45 Exercise results and discussion 3:00-5:00 Ethics training Government Norma Houston and Frayda Bluestein, UNC-CH School of

6 How big is a jurisdiction s water supply? How much demand is there for the same water? How secure is a supply?

7 MGD (million gallons per day) Acre-feet (more common out west)

8 Surface vs. groundwater vs. purchased

9 Watersheds: River basins, subbasins, drainage areas

10 Storage versus run-of-river Forms of storage Reservoirs Off-stream reservoirs, e.g. quarries, borrow pits Decentralized storage The ground

11 Interbasin transfers Reuse of water Water efficiency/conservation Stormwater for beneficial use: catchments Desalination

12 Seasonality Flow statistics: 7Q10

13 Treatment capacity permits Withdrawal amounts No state limits except in treatment permits, but State Environmental Policy Act review Trigger: State permit or state funds for a project In-stream flow studies and the 20% rule Grandfathered systems Look at the handout for Central City. Do you see any limits presented there?

14 Your system s demand changes How tightly integrated are your development approval, industrial recruitment, and water supply strategies? Major water users: other public water systems, energy, industry, agriculture Seasonality and demands Other factors that can change flows Upstream land use changes Reservoirs new or changed operations

15 Accidents and terrorism Wellhead protection and source water protection plans Water supply watershed program Stormwater/erosion & sediment control Groundwater contamination Saltwater intrusion Financial viability (more on that later.)

16 Competing users Riparian rights New and expanded upstream withdrawers

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20 1. Meet payroll and pay for fuel without transfers 2. Pay debt service 3. Cover capital deterioration 4. Cover known future needs 5. Investments in proactive water source protection 6. Covering the impacts to downstream users

21 Beneficiaries vs. Polluters Current customers vs. future customers Customers vs. tax payers The State The Feds The Bond Family

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24 Comparison against other services Actual cost Increase in trends Comparison with what your neighboring utility is charging Consider average community household income Consider income of most financially distressed households

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26 Medians: 0.9% water, 1.1% sewer 2.3% combined The average North Carolinian pays $64.92/month for 5,000 gallons of water and wastewater

27 Figure 25: Median Combined Residential Water and Wastewater Bills for Rate Structures with Different Inside/Outside Rates (n=258) more Monthly-Equivalent Billing $260 $240 $220 $200 $180 $160 $140 $120 $100 $80 $60 $40 $20 $0 Outside Inside Monthly Consumption (1,000 gallons/month)

28 Delegate responsibility to another provider Share authority Share assets

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30 Federal government USDA promote rural development EPA promote environmental protection HUD support for low and moderate income communities State government DENR promote environmental protection Rural Center promote rural economic development projects Department of Commerce community and economic development

31 Current rates Current debt Size of customer base Size of system assets Operating costs Projected needs Projected customers and demand Community characteristics

32 Decent County Central City wells and septic second home residential growth little commercial or industrial BUT a commercial opportunity (hotel/retail/shopping) has just shown up source water: surface intake, small in-stream reservoir central water and sewer recent slow/no growth

33 Decent County *wells and septic *no stormwater services *second home residential growth *little commercial or industrial Commercial? wwtp Central City *source water: surface intake, small in-stream reservoir *central water and sewer *loss of major water customers *recent slow growth Take a break when you return, we ll choose and get started

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36 The rise of special purpose water and wastewater institutions The flexibility of interlocal agreements What s a governing board s role in encouraging city and county staff to look outside the jurisdiction s limits for strategic possibilities?

37 Residential customers Commercial customers Academics Staff The State Engineers and consultants Media

38 Environmental Finance Center efc.unc.edu Water Wiki water.unc.edu And see handouts

39 Jeff Hughes Richard Whisnant