Employment and income generation aspects

Transcription

1 ISWA Main Sponsors: Employment and income generation aspects how far can appropriate governmental and municipal policies contribute to green jobs in biowaste management Sweepnet-ISWA Tunisia\Djerba November 2013 Marco Ricci-Jürgensen(and Michele Giavini) CIC Consorzio Italiano Compostatori- Rome-Italy Chair of the ISWA-WG on Biowaste CIC Consorzio Italiano Compostatori (Italian Composting and Biogas Consortium) unites public and private companies, local authorities and others involved in the production of compost, Involves producers of machinery and equipment, includes producers of fertilisers, research bodies etc A total of 283 composting plant and 28 AD plants Surveys and monitors Biowaste collection in Italy Supports amendment and development of National legislationon biowaste management and composting International cooperation(ecn, ISWA, etc.) 1

2 Benefits of a Green Economy approach to waste management Improved human health and safety In Mexico it is reported that the average life expectancy of a waste worker is 39 years while the normal life expectancy is 69. Poverty alleviation, job creation The establishment of a formal reuse or recycling industry needs to integrate the waste pickers (informal sector) so that their livelihood is not lost meanwhile improving their social conditions Improved Public Amenity Disamenity leads to loss of land value from an economic perspective, in addition and more difficult to quantify, it is also recognised that access to green spaces is linked to quality of life factors such as physical and mental well-being EU: increas of employment related to the recycling of materials yr2000: 422 per million inhab Yr2007: 611 per million inhab 12 million people are currently employed in recycling in the 3 major economies of- Brazil, China and the United States. Sorting and processing recyclables alone sustain ten times more jobs than land filling or incineration on a per tonne basis. 2

3 A practical case: Sardinia Island in the Mediterranean Sea, Region of Italy Special regulatory regional power inhabitants, 377 municipalities, 8 Provinces Scarcely populated (70 inhabitants / km 2 ) Very high tourism in summer The basic incentive scheme 6 3

4 The evolution Always positive 2003 OLBIA-TEMPIO SASSARI NUORO ORISTANO MEDIO CAMPIDANO CARBONIA-IGLESIAS CAGLIARI OGLIASTRA RD 2003 < 10% 10,1% - 20% 20,1% - 30% 30,1% - 40% 40,1% - 50% 50,1% - 60% > 60% 8 4

5 2006 OLBIA-TEMPIO SASSARI NUORO ORISTANO MEDIO CAMPIDANO CARBONIA-IGLESIAS CAGLIARI OGLIASTRA RD 2006 < 10% 10,1% - 20% 20,1% - 30% 30,1% - 40% 40,1% - 50% 50,1% - 60% > 60% OLBIA-TEMPIO SASSARI NUORO ORISTANO MEDIO CAMPIDANO CARBONIA-IGLESIAS CAGLIARI OGLIASTRA RD 2009 < 10% 10,1% - 20% 20,1% - 30% 30,1% - 40% 40,1% - 50% 50,1% - 60% > 60% 10 5

6 2010 OLBIA-TEMPIO SASSARI NUORO ORISTANO MEDIO CAMPIDANO CARBONIA-IGLESIAS CAGLIARI OGLIASTRA RD 2010 < 10% 10,1% - 20% 20,1% - 30% 30,1% - 40% 40,1% - 50% 50,1% - 60% > 60% 11 Composting facilities The Sardinian scheme pushed planning and construction of new composting facilities. Currently, 11 of them are operating, comparing to the total lack for food waste composting capacity of 2003 Municipality Owner Capacity Food waste + Capability for Food waste Current capability Yard scraps [Mg/year] [Mg/year] for food waste [Mg/anno] Capoterra (CA ) Caci p Tempio (OT) Unione Comuni A lta Gal lura Arborea (OR) Consorzio I Prov. Oristanese Sassari Comune di Sassari Olbia Cines Ozieri (SS) Consorzio ZSI Chilivani - Ozieri Villacidro Villaservice Macomer (NU) Consorzio ZI Macomer Carbonia Comune di Carbonia n.a. n.a. n.a. Quartu (CA) Promisa Nuoro ASI Consorzio Industrial e n.a. n.a. n.a. Osini (OG) Provincia Ogli astra Serramanna (VS) Cisa Villasimius (CA) Currently not operating Dolianova (CA ) Unione Comuni P arteolla Currently not operating Total

7 Good guys vs. Bad guys Base "unwilling" (SC < 40% in 2010) "pioneers" (SC > 40% in 2005) % Foodwaste on MSW The system is still in an evolution phase, towards impressive targets of 30% of FW on overallmsw! % 10% 20% 30% 40% % su tot. RU 14 7

8 Green jobs in biowaste management: some key-infos Composting sector Separate collection Green Jobs and separate collection Residual waste collection: kg/op/h Foodwaste collection: kg/op/h Paper and Cardb collection: kg/op/h Plastics collection: kg/op/h 8

9 Priula MSW-management district inhabitants 23 municipalities Italy's most advanced case in MSW management, high levels of sources separation by means of intensive source-separation with curb side collection and applying PAYT charges 81% increase in work places residual waste reduced from 73% to 24% of total MSW Years The case of CIC (Italian Composting and Biogas Consortium) Industrial composting sector (252 plants) total treatment capacity 5x10^6 tons) > 3000 working places created between late '90s and today for managing composting plants turnover of 440M /yr for managing composting plants 1 industrial plant (i.e. 50,000t/yr with 6+1 operators) 9

10 The case of decentralised composting in lower- Austria Cooperation with local farmers Low-tech, modular approach Composting done by farmers and compost used on farmer s land 1 working places created every ton of biowaste (sep. coll + comp.) 80% of plants; 25% of composting capacity Job-creation and biowaste recycling Industrial plant 1 working-place each t Semi-industrial 1 working-place each t Rural plant 1 working-place each t Example: 1 million persons 70kg/pers/yr 70,000t/yr 23working places for composting only 10

11 Conclusions how far can appropriate governmental and municipal policies contribute to green jobs in biowaste management? Government: need of a clear legislative driver towards source separation and recycling District(s): possibility to rise-modulate the cost for disposal (landfilling) according to source separation of each municipality (i.e. landfill-tax) Municipalities: need the instruments for applying fees and penalties for the MSW management service provided Thank you Marco Ricci - Juergensen ricci.eco@gmail.com CIC Consorzio Italiano Compostatori - Rome-Italy 11