SCIENCE ALLIANCE. Nina learns to appreciate. Natural Resources and. Conservation! 2008 Carole Marsh

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2 SCIENCE ALLIANCE Nina learns to appreciate Natural Resources and Conservation! by Carole Marsh 2008 Carole Marsh Permission is hereby granted to the individual purchaser or classroom teacher to reproduce materials in this book for non-commercial individual or classroom use only. Reproduction of these materials for an entire school or school system is strictly prohibited. Gallopade is proud to be a member of these educational organizations and associations. National Science Teachers Association The National School Supply and Equipment Association The National Council for the Social Studies American Booksellers Association American Library Association Managing Editor: Assistant Editor: Senior Editor: Cover Design: Content Design: Sherry Moss Gabrielle Humphrey Janice Baker Vicki DeJoy Yvonne Ford International Reading Association National Association for Gifted Children Museum Store Association Association of Partners for Public Lands Association of Booksellers for Children Although most of the experiments in this book are regarded as low hazard, author and publisher expressly disclaim all liability for any occurrence, including, but not limited to, damage, injury or death which might arise as consequences of the use of any experiment(s) listed or described here. Therefore, you assume all the liability and use these experiments at your own risk. Author and publisher recommend that all experiments be performed under adult supervision. 1

3 Nina learns to appreciate Natural Resources & Conservation Table of Contents Science Alliance Intro Page 4 A Word From the Author Page 5 Nina learns to appreciate Natural Resources and Conservation! Page 6 7 Recognizing Resources! Page 8 Here Today, Here Tomorrow? Page 9 With Fossils, Anything s Possible! Page10 Don t Make a Mess! Page 11 Hidden Treasure! Page 12 Poison! Page 13 Washed Away! Page 14 Make Good Choices! Page 15 Preserving our Future Page 16 Dead Trees for Living Things! Page 17 What a Waste! Page 18 Getting Smarter! Page 19 Don t Waste Cow Poop! Page 20 Environmental Engineers Page 21 Someday, I ll Have a Cool Job! Page 22 Can You Become an Inventor? Page 23 Saluting the Scientists Page 24 The Scientific Method Page 25 Science Fair Project Page What Did I Learn? Page 28 Join the Science Alliance Page 29 Metric Conversions Page 30 Glossary Page 31 Answer Key Page 32 3

4 Recognizing Resources What are natural resources and conservation? Here s a great way to find out! Take a minute to look at your surroundings. Make a mental note of all the things you see. Okay! Time s up! Take another minute to make a list of all the things that you remember seeing around you. Don t peek! Now, take a moment to think about what the things on your list are made of. Sometimes it can be hard to tell like with a chalkboard. Sometimes, an item is made out of several different things like the shoes on your feet. No matter what, though, from the clothes you re wearing, to the food you ate for breakfast this morning, to your favorite video game (and the TV you use to play it), everything comes from our very own Earth. To be more specific, everything comes from our natural resources. Conservation is using our natural resources responsibly and protecting them today and for the future. Using Our Resources! Look at the list of natural resources on the left and match them to the list on the right, which tells you how the natural resources might be used. Natural Resources 1. soil 2. air 3. forests 4. water 5. sunshine 6. fossil fuels Uses a. we drink it/plants need it to grow b. we breathe it c. gasoline/plastics d. trees/oxygen/medicines e. plants grow in it f. energy and light 8

5 Here Today, Here Tomorrow? What do fish, coffee, and rainforests have in common? A lot more than you probably think! Fish come from fish eggs, coffee comes from coffee beans, and rainforests come from the many seeds that make their way into the soil. Think about it. They all have a life cycle, and as long as the life cycle continues, fish will fill our oceans and streams, coffee will be served at cafés, and rainforests will be a source of oxygen for all of life s creatures. These are examples of renewable natural resources, which means they have the ability to replenish themselves. Plants, the wind, the sun, and even water, are renewable resources. We also rely on non-renewable natural resources. Fossil fuels (like oil used to make gasoline) are one of them. These natural resources cannot be replaced once they ve been used up. Why can t they be replaced? For one thing, it took many, many years to make them! Resource Scramble Unscramble the words below. Use the words in the word bank to help you. Write the unscrambled words next to their match. Then, circle the things that are renewable natural resources. rainforests seeds plants life cycle sun soil fish fossil fuel wind Wish I could help but I can t read! 1. nsu 2. iwdn 3. oisl 4. hifs 5. deses 6. lapstn 7. osilsf eulf 8. ilfe ycecl 9. aosrsetrfin 9

6 With Fossils, Anything s Possible! The products we use to make our lives easier, more comfortable (and sometimes more fun!) are often made from some unlikely things. Plastics, crayons, certain medicines, and even bubble gum, are all made from petroleum, a non-renewable fossil fuel! Petroleum (also called crude oil) comes in several forms. In its gas form, we get propane to heat our homes. In its refined (cleaned) form, we get gasoline to fuel our cars. Fossil fuels come from the fossils of marine (water) plants and animals. These fossils were created millions of years ago, even before the dinosaurs roamed the earth! As plants and animals died, their remains settled to the bottom of the ocean. Through the years, sand and silt covered the remains. The intense heat and pressure caused by the layers turned the plant and animal remains into petroleum, which we use in many different ways. How We Use It! The oil barrel below shows how many gallons in a barrel of crude oil are used for various products. Use the information to complete the bar chart next to the barrel. The first bar has been drawn for you Other Products Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Heavy Fuel Oil Jet Fuel Gallons Diesel Fuel & Heating Oil 19.6 Gasoline Other Products Liquefied Petroleum Gas Heavy Fuel Oil Jet Fuel Diesel Fuel & Heating Oil Gasoline What product uses the most gallons of a barrel of crude oil? 10