Energy Situation in ASEAN countries

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1 Energy Situation in ASEAN countries Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar Some knowledge from ODA UNESCO program, Promotion of Energy Science Education for Sustainable Development in ASEAN ( ) 1

2 What we did so far In cooperation with UNESCO Jakarta office, we developed renewable energy course for Asian countries contents under the COMPETENCE program. COMprehensive Program to Enhance Technology, Engineering and ScieNCE Education (COMPETENCE) 2

3 Energy Course : Objective To create a multi and inter disciplinary higher education course that covers a broad range of energy for sustainable development issues renewable energy technology and policy energy related environmental and social issues gender and energy equity E learning : 2011 Feb April 3

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6 Outcome > 600 registrants from 23 countries (include EU and Central Asia) 130 accomplished 7 Essay Award Winners Course materials : 7 themes (17 class, 16 lecturers) Localization Energy Issues : National Policy, Available Resources, Culture 6

7 The ODA UNESCO Project for Promotion of Energy Science Education for Sustainable Development in Asia (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar)

8 Viet Nam 8

9 Vietnam : statics 90 Population 1,600 1,400 GDP per Capita 80 1,200 Million Data from World Bank Year USD 1, ĐổiMới End of Vietnam War Year 9

10 Energy Consumption in Capita 1,200 Electricity Consumpotion per Capita kg Oil Equivalent kwh 1, Year Year Data from World Bank 10

11 70 Energy Supply 100 Electricity Supply Million TOE PWh Year 20 Renewable Energy Year Electrification Ratio 98% (2009) Data from World Bank 11

12 Data from MOE 12

13 Renewable Energy : Potential Potential (MW) Developed (MW) Wind Solar 4.5 kwh/m 2 /day 1.2 Small Hydro 4, Biomass Waste Biogas >150 2 Data from MORE Geothermal

14 Planning criteria Total power capacity per year (billion kwh) Proportion of electricity generated from renewable energy (%) - Hydro power Thermal power (run by coal) - Thermal power (run by gas) Renewable energy Nuclear power Electricity import Others Coal s consumption Data from 14MORE

15 Renewable Energy Policy National Strategy on Energy Development to 2020 with the vision to 2050 (27 th December, 2007) Electricity Planning VII (21 st July, 2011) Target (new and renewable energy) 2010 : 3%, 2020 : 5%, 2050 : 11% FIT for Bio fuel has been started. 15

16 Energy in Lao PDR Landlocked country Area 236,800 km 2 70% : mountain region Population : 6,803,699 (2014) Export Electricity(20%) Density 25 per km 2 16

17 Laos : statistics Population GDP per Capita 6 1,400 1,200 Million 4 USD 1, Data from World Bank Year Year 17

18 500 Electricity Consumpotion per Capita 5 Electricity Supply kwh 300 PWh Year Year Renewable Energy Electrification 66% (2010) Data from International Energy Statistics, EIA 18

19 Residential Transportation Commercial Industry Jet fuel Gasoline Diesel Charcoal Wood Coal Data from ADB 19

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21 Electrification Plan % % Vientiane Non electrification off-grid Mini and Pico Hydro, Solar Thermal, Diesel On-grid Planned 21

22 Energy in Cambodia Area 181,035 km 2 Population 15,205,539 (estimation) Density 81.8 per km 2 22

23 Cambodia : statistics Million Data from World Bank Population Year USD 1, GDP per Capita Year 23

24 kwh Electricity Consumpotion per Capita Year PWh Electricity Supply Year Renewable Energy Data from World Bank 24

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27 Resource Biomass Solar Hydro potential 18,852 GWh/y 7,665 GWh/y 8,600 MW 27

28 Energy Targets Currently, 70% Rural population lack access to electricity. The overall goal is to achieve 70% electrification coverage in grid-quality electricity to rural households by the year 2030 from the current level of 20%. 28

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30 Myanmar : statistics Million Data from World Bank Population Year USD (= 1000 MMK) GDP per Capita Year 30

31 kwh Electricity Consumpotion per Capita Year PWh Electricity Supply Year Renewable Energy Data from World Bank 31

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37 Prepared by Prof. Tran Thanh Tu : VAST and Prof. Tran Van Quy (HUS) 37

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40 KT2 Unit 40

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43 biogas Quảng Ngãi biogas for cooking in Chuong My, Ha Noi biogas for lighting biogas for generator 43

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50 Summary Energy demands in ASEAN countries are rapidly increased by high economic growth rate. Huge amount of energy is required. Low electrification in rural area still remains. Vietnam : High tendency to industrialization => centralize energy supply (Coal, Nuclear) Laos : Huge potential in hydro, even in rural area, but not good for solar. Cambodia : Biomass and50 biogas for rural energy supply. Myanmar : Rich in energy resources both in fossil fuels and renewables (hydro, solar, biomass). Rural electrification : Suitable location, Robust but good technology, Local participation, Training program, and Follow up activity 50