Renewable energy connection requirements in Spain April 2012

Transcription

1 Renewable energy connection requirements in Spain April 2012

2 Challenges Red Eléctrica de España (REE) is the Spanish TSO Rapid growth of RES and intrinsic system characteristic (Iberian peninsula is scarcely interconnected with the rest of the European System) call for increasing RES performance requirements to allow safe and extensive integration In 2020 there will be ~40,000 MW based on power electronics This figure will be greater than the off-peak demand As power electronics based generators replace synchronous ones the synchronous properties of the power system are lost if no remedial action is taken This implies the removing from the system of: Automatic Voltage Regulators -> Voltage Control in both transient and steady state, injection of short circuit current for system transient stability and protection relays Speed Governors -> power-frequency control Rotating masses -> Inertia These generators will be principal actors of the system, as they displace a great part of conventional generation. They must have the capability to perform in a similar way than conventional generation regarding system security matters. 2

3 Current technical requirements 3

4 Current technical requirements Operational Procedure 12.3 (Fault ride through capability) Voltage (pu) 1 0,8 start of disturbance Situations where generators must remain connected 0,95 pu Certification Validation & Verification Procedure for P.O.12.3 (PVVC) 0,6 0,2 Fault length Clearance of the fault 0 0, Time (sec) R.D. 661/2007 and R.D. 1565/2010 Power Factor control Communication channel with Control Center Telemetered values R.D. 1699/2011 (P< 100 kw) 4

5 Current technical requirements Frequency settings for generation (P.O. 1.6) (I) Non dispatchable (*) generation Installed power 10 MW No automatic reconnection Reconnection following SO instructions (issued by means of its Control Centres) Installed power < 10 MW Reconnection when f< 50 Hz * RD 661/2007 (MITYC, 2007): non-dispatchable generation is the generation which primary source is neither 5 controllable nor storable and whose associated power plants lack the possibility of controlling the production according to the instructions of the system operator without spilling of primary energy, or the firmness of the production forecast is not sufficient in order that it could be considered to be a schedule.

6 Future technical requirements 6

7 Future technical requirements (I) In 2020 there will be ~ MW based on power electronics More demanding requirements are needed in order to assure system security and allow higher integration New proposal (P.O.12.2) submitted to the Ministry the last year (2010 October). Pending to be approved This new proposal would apply to all new facilities in 2013 Voltage & frequency working ranges without facility disconnection requirement Transient over voltages without facility disconnection requirement Voltage dip requirements: New Fault Ride Through Capability and fast reactive injection 7

8 Future technical requirements (II) Fast voltage control for transient state requirement Power-Frequency control requirement Future ENTSO-e requirement An ENTSO-e working group has already issued a first public draft with technical requirement for all kind of generators It is aimed to permit the future large-scale penetration of wind and photovoltaic facilities 8

9 Future technical requirements (III) New P.O Voltage control service provision Proposal: pending to be approved by the ministry Installations with P inst 10 MW (1 MW in SEIE (Isolated Systems)): Possibility of choosing between these two modes: o Mode A: generators following a voltage instruction: Reactive absorption/injection following the voltage instruction sent in real time by the SO through the control centre to which the installation is connected. This mode has already been tested with very satisfactory results o Mode B: generators keeping a power factor. Installations with P inst < 10 MW (1 MW in SEIE): Only Mode B. 9

10 ENTSO-E Requirements 10

11 ENTSO-E Requirements for generators (draft) Generators 400 W Generating unit shall be equipped with a logic interface in order to be able to disconnect it from the network (further requirements at TSO decision). P P max f 1 f n s 2 f f n Limited Frequency Sensitive Mode (Overfrequency) - LFSM-O - Should be activated between and included 50.2 and 50.5 Hz Droop between 2% and 12% 11

12 Observability and Controllability Control Centre of Renewable Energies (CECRE) 12

13 Observability. Royal Decree RD 1565/2010 After 01/07/2011. RE facilities aggregation P > 10 MW RE FACILITIES AGGREGATION RE facilities aggregation 1 MW < P < 10 MW Connected to a RESCC OBSERVABILITY & CONTROLLABILITY CECRE Connected to a RESCC or Distribution Companies OBSERVABILITY 12 second cycles 12 second cycles Telemetered generation After RD 1565/2010 % Wind 100 Solar PV 61 Solar CSP 100 Special Regime Hydro 79 Cogeneration 81 Other 64 Observability, why? Reliable production forecasts Reserve evaluation to manageable resource variability Distinguish between demand demand forecast errors 13 and generation to avoid

14 Control Centre of Renewable Energies (CECRE) Target: achieve a greater level of integration for renewable energy sources without compromising system security Main function: Organise special regime electric production according to the needs of the electric system. 14

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