Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility Operational Decision Making

Transcription

1 Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility Operational Decision Making UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY (Principal Investigator) Lexington, Kentucky Lindell Ormsbee, Sebastian Bryson, Scott Yost UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI (Collaborating University) Cincinnati, Ohio Jim Uber, Dominic Boccelli UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI (Collaborating University) Columbia, Missouri Robert Reed, Enos Inniss WESTERN KENTUCKY UNIVERSITY (Collaborating University) Bowling Green, Kentucky Jana Fattic Andrew Ernest (University of Alabama) 1

2 Project Goal To assist water utilities in improving the operation of their water distribution systems through a better understanding of the impact of water distribution system hydraulics and flow dynamics on operational decision making: Normal operations Emergency operations Natural events Man made events Research Knowledge Tools 2

3 The potential exists for real time on-line network models to produce a more sophisticated event detection filter SCADA On-Line Network Model Hyd. Model WQ Model Measured Chlorine + Estimated Chlorine Event Detection filter Prediction Error Hydraulic Sensor (P, Q, Pump Status, ) Quality Sensor (Cl, Sp. Cond., TOC, ) 3

4 Real Time Operations Real Time Operations Water Distribution System Operations Hierarchy On-Line Water Quality Model On-Line Hydraulic Model Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Off-Line Water Quality Model Off-Line Hydraulic Model Spatial Visualization Model SCADA Database Telemetry/Communication Systems Water Quality Sensors Hydraulic Sensors 4

5 Needs Assessment/Technology Gaps Gap 1: No synthesis document exists that provides a state-of-the-art assessment and a state-of-the-practice for SCADA systems across the drinking water industry. Objective 1: Develop a comprehensive report assessing the current state of SCADA systems (including hydraulic and water quality sensors) across the drinking water industry for use in support of real time operational modeling. 5

6 Needs Assessment/Technology Gaps Gap 2: A simple modeling tool is needed to help utilities understand basic system hydraulics during normal operational flow conditions and also during abnormal flow patterns resulting from unanticipated events. Objective 2: Develop software that will provide a graphical representation of a water distribution system along with the flow directions in the pipes for a specified operating condition. 6

7 Needs Assessment/Technology Gaps Gap 3: An understanding of the sensitivity of water quality measurements to variations in system flow dynamics is needed in order to be able to distinguish between possible incursions and operational fluctuations. Objective 3a. Develop laboratory scale model of medium sized utility water distribution system to evaluate the ability of existing software to adequately characterize the flow dynamics and water quality characteristics of the system. Objective 3b: Calibrate a large-scale network model against a historical record of operational changes stored in SCADA, and use this model to understand the sensitivity of network flows and flow paths (and thus water quality) to changes in system demand and operation. 7

8 Needs Assessment/Technology Gaps Gap 4:Guidance is needed for optimal placement of hydraulic sensors in order to better assist utilities in understanding their system s flow dynamics. Objective 4. Develop guidance for optimal placement of hydraulic sensors based on results of flow dynamics model and operational constraints of the utility. 8

9 Needs Assessment/Technology Gaps Gap 5: Most utilities lack guidance with respect to how to use SCADA and modeling data in support of their system operations, and in particular with regard to responding to potential incursion events. Guidance is needed for optimal placement of hydraulic sensors in order to better assist utilities in understanding their system s flow dynamics. Objective 5. Develop a decision-support toolkit which will allow utilities to select the appropriate level of operational tools in support of their operational needs. 9

10 Project Tasks [1] Establishment of Advisory Board [2] Select Utility Partners [3] Survey and Evaluate SCADA Systems [4] Physical Model Development [5] Graphical Flow Distribution Model [6] Model Calibration [7] Real Time Modeling [8] SCADA Guidance and Sensor Placement [9] Operational Toolkit [10] Technology Deployment 10

11 Project Milestones Year 1 Milestone # Devlierable 0 Execution of Contract: Initial first milestone payment to begin project 1.1 Advisory Board mission Statement 1.2 Advisory Board Guidance Document 2.1 Memoranda of Understanding 4.1 Physical Model Design 3.1 Utility Survey 4.2 Physical Model Construction Report 6.1 Utility Partner Data Report 6.3 Sampling QAPP 11.3 Advisory Board Meeting Minutes University of Kentucky University of Missouri KYPIPE LLC University of Cincinnati Western Kentucky University 11

12 Project Milestones Year 2.1 Milestone # Devlierable 4.3 Physical Model Analysis Report 6.2 Hydraulic Calibration Report 7.1 Water Quality / Flow Dynamic Data Analysis 6.4 Water Quality Calibration Report 5.1 Graphic Flow Distribution Model 9.1 Template of the Operational Toolkit 8.1 Water Distribution System SCADA Assessment Report 9.2 Beta Version of Operational toolkit 1.4 Advisory Board Meeting Minutes University of Kentucky University of Missouri KYPIPE LLC University of Cincinnati Western Kentucky University 12

13 Project Milestones Year 2.2 Milestone # Devlierable 7.2 Water Quality / Flow Dynamic Sensitivity Report 8.2 Sensor Placement Guidance Report 10.1 Toolkit Evaluation Report 11.1 Toolkit Validation Report 11.2 Advisory Board Toolkit Assessment Report 11.3 Final Operation Toolkit 1.5 Advisory Board Meeting Minutes 12.1 Final Reporting University of Kentucky University of Missouri KYPIPE LLC University of Cincinnati Western Kentucky University 13

14 Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility Operational Decision Making Task 1: Establishment of Advisory Board 14

15 Advisory Board DHS Water Sector (John Laws) USEPA NHSRC (Robert Janke) USEPA Water Security Division (Katie Umberg) Kentucky Division of Water (Terry Humphries) American Water Company (Nick Santillo) (3) Large Water Utilities NKYWD (Amy Kramer) Louisville (Jim Brammell) Denver (Arnold Stasser) (1) Medium Sized Water Utility Nicholasville KY (Tom Calkins) (1) Small Water Utility Paris KY (Kevin Crump) Sandia Laboratory (William Hart) ATSDR (Morris Maslia) University of Louisville (Jim Graham) KY/TN AWWA (Mike Bethurem) ERDC-CERL-IL (Mark Ginsberg) 15

16 Advisory Board Mission Facilitate interaction with the water sector Provide input on project Goals Objectives Deliverables [1] Deliverable 1.1 Advisory Board Mission Statement (100%) 16

17 Advisory Board Guidance Review project: Goals Objectives Provide feedback and suggestions: Project tasks Project deliverables [1] Deliverable 1.2 Advisory Board Guidance Document (100%) 17

18 Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility Operational Decision Making Tasks 2: Select Utility Partners 18

19 Utility Partners Large Water Utilities NKYWD (Amy Kramer) 28.2 MGD* Louisville (Jim Brammell) Denver (Arnold Strasser) Medium Sized Water Utilities Nicholasville KY (Tom Calkins) 4.4 MGD Richmond KY (Danny Pearson) 6.3 MGD Small Water Utility Paris KY (Kevin Crump) 1.8 MGD Berea KY (Donald Blackburn) 2.9 MGD * Average Daily Demand [1] Milestone 2.1 Memoranda of Understanding (100%) 19

20 Utility Partners NKYWD LWC Paris Nicholasville Richmond Berea 20

21 Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility Operational Decision Making Task 5: Graphical Flow Distribution Model Ben Albritton, UK Doug Wood, KYIPIPE LLC Dr. Lindell Ormsbee University of Kentucky 21

22 Task 5: Graphical Flow Distribution Model Use readily available network data from the Kentucky Infrastructure Authority website to build network model of selected system. Provide ability to add pipes or nodes. Provide total system demand and distribute demands among nodes. Input pump station discharge and tank levels and visualize flows and flow distribution. Provide access to data via table functions. Graphical Flow Distribution Model GIS Datasets KYPIPE, EPANET, etc 22

23 Task 5 Task Objective: Develop software that will provide a graphical representation of a water distribution system along with the flow directions in the pipes for a specified operating condition. Task Deliverables: Graphical Flow Model Software (100%) Graphical Flow Model User s Manual (100%) 23

24 Task 5 Accomplishments. Partnered with KYPIPE to produce graphical flow model that integrates online mapping and network databases Facilities management database Graphical display of network components Graphical display of flows and pressures Upgradable to KYPIPE or EPANET Presented overview of program at 2012 EWRI Water Congress Presented overview of program at 2013 KY Small Operators Conference Published journal article in ASCE JWRPM (2013) Significant findings A significant number of smaller utilities do not have a network model The proposed graphical flow model should help such utilities better manage their system operations 24

25 Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility Operational Decision Making Task 6: Model Calibration Dr. Lindell Ormsbee Reese Walton Joe Goodin University of Kentucky 25

26 Task 6: Model Calibration Nicholasville Hydraulic Water Quality Paris Hydraulic 26

27 Task 6 Task Objective: Calibrate network models for a small and medium sized system and determine general guidelines for calibration that will be useful in improving the performance of such models in evaluating the performance of the actual systems. Task Deliverables: Sampling QAPP (100%) Hydraulic Calibration Report (Paris and Nicholasville System) (100%) Water Quality Calibration Report (Nicholasville System) (100%) Calibration Guidance Spreadsheet (90%) Fire Hydrant Information Phone Application (90%) 27

28 Task 6 Accomplishments. Calibrated models for Paris and Nicholsville Presented results of project at 2013 EWRI Water Congress Presented results of project at 2013 KY/TN AWWA Conference Draft AWWA publication Significant findings Models need to be calibrated prior to use. Calibrated models can be used to help facilitate operational decisions (e.g. Nicholasville and Paris). Use of a conservative tracer (i.e. fluoride) is feasible and useful in verifying travel times across the system. Work in Nicholasville confirm the fact that water quality transport involves both advective and dispersive components. 28

29 Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility Operational Decision Making Task 4: Physical Model Development Matt Jolly, Craig Ashby Dr. Scott Yost University of Kentucky 29

30 Network and sensing equipment 30

31 Task 4: Project Status Objective: Develop laboratory scale model of medium sized utility water distribution system to evaluate the ability of existing software to adequately characterize the flow dynamics and water quality characteristics of the system. Task Deliverables: Physical Model Design Report (100%) Physical Model Construction Report (100%) Physical Model Analysis Report (100%) Accomplishments 1 Master Student completed, 2 others finishing 3 conference papers 7 conference presentations 2 journal papers, in progress 31

32 Significant Findings Multi data sets with different conditions are required for optimum calibration. Using both velocity and pressure measurements produce better verification results. The use of one source of data (e.g., velocity) in the calibration can distorts the verification results of the other data (e.g., pressure)

33 Significant Findings Lab model minor loss dominated which puts greater emphasis on accurate minor loss coefficients. Lumped C values can vary significantly in the Lab model. Significant diffusion of the tracer in the lab model.

34 Ongoing research Calibration issues with/without minor losses in a minor loss dominated environment Causes of tracer diffusion (given the time scale of testing)

35 Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility Operational Decision Making Task 3: SCADA Survey Dr. Robert Reed, University of Missouri Dr. Enos Inniss, University of Missouri 35

36 Task 3 Objective: Develop a comprehensive survey assessing the current state of SCADA systems (including hydraulic and water quality sensors) across the drinking water industry for use in support of real time operational modeling. Task Deliverables Survey Report (95%) Accomplishments Survey limited to 9 responses based on direction from NIHS Survey conducted Report drafted, submitted 36

37 Significant Findings Task 3 Most common uses of SCADA Results directly supporting this project data use for operations & management: reduced personnel time for monitoring & remote control of eqpt generating bills forecast equipment maintenance, repair, replacement increase facilities security alarm conditions notification more consistent knowledge of water quality & hydraulics SCADA benefits reported = uses 37

38 Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility Operational Decision Making Task 8.1: SCADA Tutorial Dr. Robert Reed, University of Missouri Dr. Enos Inniss, University of Missouri 38

39 Task 8.1 Objective: Develop a comprehensive report assessing the current state of SCADA systems (including hydraulic and water quality sensors, data collection/telemetry, RTUs/PLCs, communication options, SCADA master, etc) across the drinking water industry for use in support of real time operational modeling. Task Deliverables (95% est. completion ) Tutorial Report Hydraulic sensors Water quality sensors Telemetry SCADA systems 39

40 Accomplishments Task 8.1 Report drafted, being revised Additional survey response will be incorporated Significant Findings Rapidly changing technology of SCADA changes complexity just as quickly Sensor technology stable, communications rapidly advancing, driving down costs Cyber security is major issue, function of telemetry Equipment, material costs difficult to obtain 40

41 Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility Operational Decision Making Task 8.2: Develop Sensor Placement Guidance Stacey Schal Dr. Sebastian Bryson University of Kentucky 41

42 Task 8.2: Task Objectives Objectives: Develop guidance for optimal placement of flow and pressure sensors based on results of flow dynamics model and operational constraints of the utility. Use the guidance to recommend hydraulic and water quality sensor placement for the small and medium sized utility. 42

43 Task 8.2: Accomplishments Developed a database of 12 hydraulic models Performed a baseline analysis of hydraulic models using TEVA-SPOT 43

44 Task 8.2: Accomplishments (continued) KY 13 Developed 3 additional hydraulic models Developed sensor placement tool in KYPIPE Minimizes time to detection Places up to 5 sensors Enumeration methods KY 14 KY 15 44

45 Task 8.2: Accomplishments (continued) Used KYPIPE sensor placement tool to find optimal sensor locations 12 systems 15 contamination scenarios 1 and 2 sensors Time to Detection (min) Compared time to detection between TEVA-SPOT and KYPIPE for all systems (1 and 2 sensors) Verify effectiveness of KYPIPE sensor placement tool Baseline Conditions (1000 mg/min x 4 hr) - 2 sensors TEVA-SPOT KYPIPE 0 KY1 KY 2 KY 3 KY 4 KY 5 KY 6 KY 7 KY 8 KY 9 KY 10 KY 11 KY 12 System 45

46 Task 8.2: Deliverable Deliverable planned for this quarter Water Quality Sensor Placement Guidance for Small to Medium Utilities Report Percent Complete Subtask 1: Develop Hydraulic system models (100% complete) Subtask 2: Baseline TEVA-SPOT Analysis (100% complete) Subtask 3: Develop KYPIPE Sensor Placement Tool(100% complete) Subtask 4: Comparison of TEVA-SPOT and KYPIPE (100% complete) Subtask 5: Develop Documentation for Sensor Placement Tool (95% complete) Estimated time of completion end of May

47 Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility Operational Decision Making Task 7: Quantify Flow and Water Quality Dynamics Through Real-Time Modeling Dr. Jim Uber Dr. Dominic Boccelli University of Cincinnati 47

48 Task 7.1 Field Calibration of RTX Objective: Perform a field-scale tracer and pressure monitoring study to evaluate the ability of the real-time model to represent hydraulic and water quality transport variability Deliverable: RTX Model and Calibration Report (80%) Detailed description of RTX, functionality, and SCADA interface Report summarizing the results of the detailed analysis comparing SCADA data with calibrated hydraulic/water quality model predictions, and assessment the impacts on water quality from network flow dynamics 48

49 Accomplishments Task 7.1 Significant Findings 49

50 TASK 7.2 Quantify Flow and Water Quality Dynamics Through Real-Time Modeling Objective: Analyze the ability of real-time network models to represent hydraulic variability as expressed through existing SCADA data Deliverables: Water Quality and Flow Dynamics Report (80%) Detailed description of the operational SCADA system for the large utility (Northern Kentucky Water District) along with an analysis of the historical database. Summary of the results of the detailed analysis comparing SCADA data with calibrated hydraulic/water quality model predictions, and assessment the impacts on water quality from network flow dynamics. 50

51 Accomplishments Task 7.2 Significant Findings 51

52 Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility Operational Decision Making Task 9: Operational Toolkit Jana Fattic Western Kentucky University Dr. Andrew Ernest, Abdoul, Oubeidllah University of Alabama 52

53 Semantic Knowledge Development Task 3 Utility Survey Task 4 Physical Model Task 6 Model Calibration Task 7 Flow Dynamics Task 8 Sensor Placement If Then. Rules 53

54 Operational Toolkit User Question Model Results Data & Facts Model Results Explicit Decisional Response: Predetermined Decision Tree Implicit Decisional Response: Traditional Expert System Responses/Recommendations Fact Sheets Reports WebLinks 54

55 Task 9 Objectives: Develop an expert system based toolkit that will incorporate knowledge-base acquired from Tasks 1-8 and provide an interview-style user interface that will guide users through rule based queries to assist them in the design of a monitoring and control system for their water distribution networks Deliverables Distill knowledgebase and fact sheets from Tasks 1-8 Create guidance documents Create a Toolkit with user interface Test and Evaluate Toolkit 55

56 Task 9 Accomplishments Fact sheets creation completed Guidance documents completed Toolkit framework completed Knowledgebase and rules creation completed Toolkit demonstration completed Future Work The Toolkit development is heavily reliant on data from the previous Tasks 1-8. Its development will continue as new data become available. 56

57 Studying Distribution System Hydraulics and Flow Dynamics to Improve Water Utility Operational Decision Making Task 10&11: Technology Deployment Lindell Ormsbee University of Kentucky Andrew Ernest Western Kentucky University 57

58 Task 10&11: Technology Deployment Workshop Demonstration Implementation Feedback Revisions Feedback Revisions Deliverable 10.1 Toolkit Evaluation Report Deliverable 11.1 Toolkit Validation Report Deliverable 11.2 Advisory Board Toolkit Assessment Report Deliverable 11.3 Final Operational Toolkit Deliverable 12.1 Final Report 58

59 Acknowledgments This research was funded through funds provided by the Department of Homeland Security, administered by the National Institute for Hometown Security Kentucky Critical Infrastructure Protection program, under OTA # HSHQDC , Subcontract # UK. This support was greatly appreciated. 59

60 Final Comments and Questions 60