BIO105 [SUMMER 2015] EXAM #2 L. BRICKER

Transcription

1 WATER POLLUTION 1. Those sources of water pollution that discharge into bodies of water at a specific location. A) non-point source B) point source C) specific source D) non-specific source E) agricultural source 2. Harmless residents of the human digestive tract, these organisms presence in water indicate possible contamination by pathogens. A) jellyfish B) algae C) cod D) coliform bacteria E) none of the above 3. Which aquatic environment recovers more rapidly from pollution? A) rivers B) lakes C) ponds D) estuaries E) bogs 4. Water pollutants discharged from factories and electrical power plants would be examples of: A) primary sources B) secondary sources C) non-point sources D) point sources 5. Water pollutants from runoff of croplands, feedlots, and logging activities would be examples of: A) primary sources B) secondary sources C) non-point sources D) point sources 6. Phosphorus (in the form of phosphates) and nitrogen (in the form of nitrates, NO2) are examples of pollutants. A) organic chemical B) biodegradable organic waste C) inorganic plant nutrient D) radioactive waste E) sediment Page 1 of 7

2 7. Biodegradable organic wastes: A) may cause kidney problems B) clog fish gills C) create algal bloom D) deplete water of dissolved oxygen E) may cause birth defects 8. Organic chemicals such as crude oil and pesticides can cause: A) human kidney problems and cancer B) fish death from clogged gills C) algal blooms D) death of shellfish by depletion of dissolved oxygen E) both b & d 9. The amount of oxygen needed by aerobic decomposers to break down the organic matter in a given body of water over a five day period is termed: A) DO (dissolved oxygen) B) BOD (biological oxygen demand) C) COD (chemical oxygen demand) D) ND (dissolved nitrogen) E) none of the above 10. Seventy-five percent (75%) of the cities in the United States depend on ground water for drinking water. 11. Lentic is a term for which type of body of water? A) ocean B) pond C) lake D) river E) b & c 12. When a lake or pond gradually becomes enriched in plant nutrients and begins the process of "filling in", this is termed: A) lotic B) lentic C) eutrophication D) sedimentation AIR POLLUTION 13. When normal components of air plus new components reach levels that cause damage, this is known best as: A) radon B) air pollution C) water pollution D) ozone Page 2 of 7

3 14. How much air do we breathe in on a daily basis? A) 1000 liters/day B) 2000 liters/day C) 10,000 liters/day D) 20,000 liters/day E) 50,000 liters/day 15. A large number of premature human deaths per year worldwide are associated with air pollution. 16. A persistent inflammation of the mucous membrane of the trachea and bronchi is known as: A) chronic bronchitis B) emphysema C) lung cancer D) allergies 17. Damage to the tissues of the lungs so air cannot be expelled is known as: A) chronic bronchitis B) emphysema C) lung cancer D) hay fever 18. Harmful chemicals that enter the air DIRECTLY from natural or human activities: A) primary air pollutants B) secondary air pollutants C) tertiary air pollutants D) VOC's (volatile organic compounds) 19. Harmful chemicals formed IN the air as a result of chemical reactions in the air: A) primary air pollutants B) secondary air pollutants C) tertiary air pollutants D) smoke from a bad cigar 20. Which one of the following is NOT a typical indoor air pollutant? A) tobacco smoke B) formaldehyde C) asbestos D) sulfur dioxide 21. is an odorless, colorless radioactive gas that results from the decay of underground radioactive uranium and radium deposits. A) ozone B) radon C) sulfur dioxide D) chlorofluorocarbons E) nitrous oxide Page 3 of 7

4 22. What destroys the ozone layer? A) VOC's B) CFC's C) SPM's D) PAN's E) PMS's 23., which are the major causes of acid rain, come from burning fossil fuels. A) carbon monoxide & carbon dioxide B) sulfuric acid and nitric acid C) sulfur and nitrogen oxides D) ozone & CFC's 24. The ozone layer protects us from harmful levels of. A) krypton radiation B) volatile organic carbons C) radon D) ultraviolet radiation E) acid rain 25. Which gas is the biggest contributor to the Greenhouse Effect? A) carbon dioxide B) carbon monoxide C) sulfur dioxide D) ozone E) radon PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 26. Growth kinetics is best represented by: A) sigmoid curve of growth B) organogenesis C) cytokinens D) essential element toxicity curve 27. The sigmoid curve of growth can represent the growth rate of: A) a plant structure, such as a leaf B) a population of plants C) the entire height of a plant D) all of the above 28. An irreversible increase in cell volume in higher plants is best termed as: A) cellular differentiation B) organogenesis C) growth kinetics D) growth E) necrosis Page 4 of 7

5 29. Plant hormones are produced by. A) man B) soil microbes C) plants D) insect larvae E) pesticide companies 30. Which of the following is NOT an essential micronutrient? A) molybdenum B) manganese C) chlorine D) beryllium E) boron 31. Which of the following is NOT an essential macronutrient? A) oxygen B) potassium C) nitrogen D) aluminum E) hydrogen 32. In order for an element to be essential, it be substituted by another element. A) can B) cannot 33. A yellowing in a plant leaf due to lack of chlorophyll development is termed: A) stunting B) necrosis C) chlorosis D) accumulation of pigments E) organogenesis 34. This group of plant hormones induces fruit ripening. A) auxins B) gibberillins C) cytokinens D) ethylene E) abscissic acid 35. Essential elements used by plants in trace amounts (less than 1000 ppm): A) macronutrients B) micronutrients C) manure D) auxins Page 5 of 7

6 36. is the term used for death of plant tissues. A) stunting B) organogenesis C) necrosis D) chlorosis E) micro toxicity 37. The phase is that part of the Sigmoid Curve of Growth where you see the most growth per unit of time. A) lag B) acceleration C) linear D) deceleration E) stationary TOXINS IN OUR ENVIRONMENT 38. An undesirable, unwanted plant is a good definition for: A) pest B) annual C) weed D) perennial E) broccoli 39. Weed create problems for man by: A) competition for water and nutrients B) acting as alternate hosts for crop diseases C) some are toxic to range animals D) all of the above E) none of the above 40. Tumbleweeds, which are normally nontoxic, can produce toxic substances under an environmental stress such as frost. 41. All poisonous plants possess toxic compounds at all phases of their life cycle. 42. Which of the following substances is a selective herbicide? A) surflan B) glyphosphate C) STP D) 2,4-D E) roundup Page 6 of 7

7 43. Some weeds, which are normally safe to consume can actually produce toxins under conditions such as frost or drought. 44. The accumulation of pesticide residues in the tissues of ONE individual is best termed: A) pesticide resistance B) bioaccumulation C) biological amplification D) prostrate spurge 45. The accumulation of pesticides in food chains & webs. A) bioaccumulation B) biological amplification C) pesticide resistance D) hyper toxicity 46. Globally, it's estimated that 1.5 million people are poisoned by pesticides annually. A) True B) False 47. Next to medicines, pesticides are the leading cause of child poisoning. A) second B) third C) fourth D) fifth 48. Citronella is an example of this type of biological pest control: A) Use of predators or pathogens B) Natural pesticides and insect repellents C) Genetics and bioengineering D) Use of hormones and pheromones 49. Crop rotation, mechanical cultivation, and habitat diversification are examples of: A) use of predators and pathogens B) genetics and bioengineering C) behavioral changes D) biological controls 50. It is estimated that without pesticides in the United States, there would be a 67% reduction in crop yields. A) True B) False Page 7 of 7