KENYA WATER FOR HEALTH ORGANIZATION

Transcription

1 KENYA WATER FOR HEALTH ORGANIZATION Consideration of Factor Affecting Saniation Development PRESENTATION BY: Patrick Alubbe Executive Director

2 VISION A healthy world with sustainable water, sanitation and hygiene for all.

3 MISSION facilitate all-inclusive and sustainable water, sanitation and hygiene programmes through application of innovative approaches in both rural and urban areas; that promote health and economic well-being of marginalized communities.

4 KWAHO AREA OF COVERAGE legend: KWAHO intervention presence COUNTIES OF PRESENCE / PAST INTERVENTIONS Nairobi (HQ) Tana River (Past ) Kwale Bungoma Siaya Elgeyo Marakwet (Field office) Uasin Gishu (Past) Kakamega Kisumu Machakos Kajiado Kiambu Muranga

5 40 years experience working in the Water and Sanitation sector in Kenya Target groups: communities and schools Areas rural, peri-urban and urban (including slums) setups PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION FOCUS WASH infrastructure development Advocacy for WASH governance through Human Rights based approach (HRBA) focusing on Equity and Social Inclusion. Hygiene promotion and education for behavior change Third party Certification in Open Defecation Free (ODF) Kenya campaign Community and institutional capacity building Linkages and networking

6 The importance of the Region Promoting Innovative Technologies in Sanitation Sanitation as a multi-step process in which human excreta and waste water are managed from point of generation to the point of use or ultimate disposal. Sanitation Crisis 2.3 billion people living without access to Sanitation 1 in 3 people lack access to a toilet. More people have a mobile phone than a toilet. We can change this. WHO data on the burden of disease shows that approximately 3.1% of deaths (1.7 million) and 3.7% of disability-adjusted-life-years (DALYs) (54.2 million) worldwide are attributable to unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene. In Africa and developing countries in South East Asia 4 8% of all disease burden is attributable to these factors. Over 99.8% of all the deaths attributable to these factors occur in developing countries and 90% are deaths of children Kenya Rural Sanitation JMP 2013 records 32% of Kenya rural population have access to improved sanitation 72% of the above comprises of simple pit latrines. National ODF 14%

7 The importance of the Region Promoting Innovative Technologies in Sanitation Urban Sanitation Estimated by % of Kenya will be living in the urban areas. JMP 27% of the urban population have access to private improved saniation. Poor urban settlements < 20% of the population have access to sanitation of which 80% of facilities are shallow pit latrines. Garbage Uncontrolled, unsightly and indiscriminate garbage disposal. Sewerage 12% coverage of which only 5% of the national sewerage is effectively treated

8 The importance of the Region Promoting Innovative Technologies in Sanitation Cost poor sanitation In economic term Kenya loses an estimated 27 billion (KES) annually due poor saniation. OD cost Kenya 8 billon KES per year. In addition to health and economic impacts, poor sanitation has adverse social consequences Poor families are the most affected by the sanitation related health burden due to both exposure and susceptibility. Lack of safe facilities left women and girls vulnerable to rape and other forms of genderbased violence

9 The importance of the Region Promoting Innovative Technologies in Sanitation Despite the above Kenya saniation budget is at 0.2% of the GDP compared to global target of 0.9% 9 ethekwini Declaration 0.5%) Who houses saniation this has led lack of proper allocations ( Ministry of Water and Sanitation /Public Health / Counties) National Targets To increase rural and urban sanitation coverage to 50% and declare Kenya ODF by 2020

10 The importance of the Region Promoting Innovative Technologies in Sanitation Why intervention/innovations are necessary To strengthen the capacity to engage institutions, authorities and other service providers for the sustainable provision of services. To scale-up the delivery of basic infrastructure for safe WASH, affordable housing, waste removal and access to land tenure rights through collaborative effort with the local people and state authorities. To sharing of experiences, and the adoption of more pro-poor policies and practices for slum upgrading and land tenure at local and national levels Income generating activities and community managed savings and credit schemes that enable household to secure funds for the improvement of physical facilities.

11 The importance of the Region Promoting Innovative Technologies in Sanitation Improved sanitation flush toilet, pour flush toilet connected to a pipe system, septic tank, VIP latrines and covered pit latrines. Innovations Technologies Specific infrastructure, methods or services designed to contain and transform products or to transport products to another functional group. affordable slabs and other construction materials dry toilet for reuse. Sernagy, Sanivation Financing market based solutions MFIs and Banks lending for sanitation

12 Boys Urinal in an urban school SAMPLE PHOTOS FROM THE FIELD Special sanitation units for the physically challenged V.I.P. latrine in a rural set-up

13 Sanitation contin Community triggering (supporting CLTS) in Kisii village in Mukuru Solid Waste management initiatives

14 Capacity building of implementing agency as a driving factor for promoting safe sanitation how African countries should work on this + What is CB - Creating an enabling environment with appropriate policy and legal frameworks - Institutional development, including community participation - Human resources development and strengthening of managerial systems Level 1 Actors + Factors Leve 2 Dimension of CB -ID -OD HRD Level 3 - Strategies Level 1 - The context in which the actors operate and in which the capacity building exercise will take place Leve 2 - the different internal dimensions of capacity building at 3 sub-levels (institutional development (ID), organisational development (OD), and, human resources development (HRD); and Level 3 - The strategy development level.

15 Capacity building of implementing agency as a driving factor for promoting safe sanitation how African countries should work on this Actions needed to improve capacity building efforts in Africa Levels Areas of interest Action areas Context level Context analysis, Political influence, donors etc Understanding what is capacity building Availing funds to undertake needed analysis Develop proper CB assessment tools Dimensions of capacity Building Strategy Institutional development, organizational development, Human resource Process, approaches, training., monitoring, incentives, finding, Practitioners, instruments Sector wide approach Increase organizational capacities Competences and abilities Incentives plans for staffs Training in various technical areas Continuous process Holistic approaches Training as capacity building Monitoring impact Allocations of funds for CB

16 Provision of Water and saniation in the unplanned settlements in Africa in wake of urbanization Safe and appropriate disposal of human wastes is a basic requirement for sanitation, public health protection and good health and dignity. Most of the diseases which result in diarrhea are spread by pathogens (disease causing organisms) found in human excreta (feces and urine). Sanitation and hygiene are critical to health, survival, and development. A significant amount of disease could be prevented through better access to adequate sanitation facilities and better hygiene practices. Improved sanitation facilities (for example, toilets and latrines) allow people to dispose of their waste appropriately, which helps break the infection cycle of many diseases. Providing access to safe water and sanitation facilities, and promoting proper hygiene behavior are important in reducing the burden of disease from sanitation and hygiene-related diseases. When an individual is sick, he/she is not able to work and is not productive hence one can get income for sustaining his/herself and the family. Sickness also costs a lot in terms of treatments one goes through. All this can be avoided through good sanitation practices. Article 43 of the 2010 Kenya constitution provides, Every person has the right to water in adequate quantities and of reasonable quality and Article 66, Every person has the right to a reasonable standard of sanitation.

17 Provision of Water and saniation in the unplanned settlements in Africa in wake of urbanization Challenges in the slums Populations Nairobi 14 th largest city with 6.54 Million people Nairobi is home of the largest in the world Kibera with approximately 250,000 with a population of 2.5 slum dwellers (Kenya Population 2018) Challenges in providing services Insecure land tenure makes it hard to provide the needed services Slum dwellings are characterized by several problems that only vary in magnitude from one place to another including; poor solid waste management; improper excreta and wastewater management; unequipped drainage especially of storm water; poor housing conditions; insufficient drinking water; unsafe food; poor vector and vermin control; and inadequate personal and general hygiene

18 Provision of Water and saniation in the unplanned settlements in Africa in wake of urbanization Solutions Safe and appropriate disposal of human wastes is a basic requirement for sanitation, public health protection and good health and dignity. Most of the diseases which result in diarrhea are spread by pathogens (disease causing organisms) found in human excreta (feces and urine). Sanitation and hygiene are critical to health, survival, and development. A significant amount of disease could be prevented through better access to adequate sanitation facilities and better hygiene practices. Improved sanitation facilities (for example, toilets and latrines) allow people to dispose of their waste appropriately, which helps break the infection cycle of many diseases. Providing access to safe water and sanitation facilities, and promoting proper hygiene behavior are important in reducing the burden of disease from sanitation and hygiene-related diseases. When an individual is sick, he/she is not able to work and is not productive hence one can get income for sustaining his/herself and the family. Sickness also costs a lot in terms of treatments one goes through. All this can be avoided through good sanitation practices.

19 Sample products Calibrated RWH tank in rural schools Solar powered boreholes

20 Community WASH- Sample photos from field

21 Inclusion of socially and geographically marginalized groups KWAHO has worked with the community structures in identifying the marginalized groups: The elderly The sick The physically challenged The mentally challenged The socially challenged The under fives KWAHO has endeavored to work with both the marginalized and the community structures in promoting the right to access sanitation facilities by the marginalized groups and the various options available for them.

22 THANK YOU