Managing mul*ple stress for mul*ple benefits:

Transcription

1 Managing mul*ple stress for mul*ple benefits: MARS Kick-off Meeting February 2014 Mallorca, Spain Towards new scien-fic concepts, methods and tools in river basin management Anne Lyche- Solheim 1, Sebas-an Birk 2, Daniel Hering 2 1 Norwegian Ins-tute for Water Research (NIVA), Norway 2 University of Duisburg- Essen (UDE), Germany

2 The MARS project FP7 project: Managing Aqua-c ecosystems and water Resources under mul-ple Stress Project dura-on: February 1 st, 2014 January 31 st, 2018 Funding: 9 Mio. Euro 1 UDE, Germany 13 METU, Turkey 2 AU, Denmark 14 NERC, United Kingdom 3 AZTI, Spain 15 NIVA, Norway 4 BOKU, Austria 16 NTUA, Greece 5 CHMI, Czech Rep. 17 SYKE, Finland 6 CU, United Kingdom 18 UL, Slovenia 7 DDNI, Romania 19 ULT, Portugal 8 DELTARES, Netherlands 20 APA, Portugal* 9 EMU, Estonia 21 BMLFUW, Austria* 10 IGB, Germany 22 EA, United Kingdom* 11 IRSTEA, France 23 ICPDR, international* 12 JRC, Europe 24 NARW, Romania* *Applied partners

3 Content Background Status- quo of European surface waters What do we know? The MARS project Concepts: Finding a common language Methods: Addressing all scales Tools: Suppor-ng the management Impact: Reaching out to the public

4 Living in coupled human environmental systems Cities Industries Water resources Agriculture

5 Status-quo of European surface waters Percentage"of"water"bodies" 45" 40" 35" 30" 25" 20" 15" 10" 5" 0" Total: 41% 0" 1" 2" 3" 4" 5" 6" 7" Number"of"pressures"co=ac>ng" Rivers" Lakes" TraCs" Mul'ple pressures ac'ng on EU surface waters Data source: WISE WFD database (EEA 2015; n = 108,130 water bodies of 26 EU Member States)

6 Status-quo of European surface waters 7%# 18%# Lakes& 12%# 63%# Point#&#Diffuse# Diffuse#&#Hydromorphological# Diffuse#&#Other#(e.g.#alien#species,#overfishing,#waste#disposal)# Other#combinaHons# Diffuse pollu'on and hydromorphological pressures 3%$ 35%$ 21%$ 41%$ Rivers' Point$&$Diffuse$ Diffuse$&$Hydromorphological$ Diffuse$&$Other$(e.g.$alien$species,$overfishing,$waste$disposal)$ Other$combinaGons$ Diffuse pollu'on and hydromorphological pressures 21%$ TraCs& 25%$ 8%$ 46%$ Point$&$Diffuse$ Point$&$Other$(e.g.$alien$species,$overfishing,$waste$disposal)$ Diffuse$&$Other$(e.g.$alien$species,$overfishing,$waste$disposal)$ Other$combinaFons$ Diffuse pollu'on and other (e.g. aliens, overfishing) pressures Two- pressure combina'ons ac'ng most frequently Data source: WISE WFD database (EEA 2015; n = 26,345 water bodies of 26 EU Member States)

7 What do we know? Systema'c literature review including >200 scien'fic publica'ons (Nõges et al., submimed) Two- stressor effects studied most frequently (42%) Main combina-on: Nutrients & Hydrology Generally poor quan-ta-ve evidence of mul-stress effects à low predic-ve capacity Ambiguous response of biological indicators under mul-stress condi-ons Poor knowledge on stressor interac-ons

8 Implications for water management State- of- the- art = 2 Addi*ve effects of two stressors co- ac*ng à Management measures addressing largest stressor has greatest benefit Knowledge gap = 3 Synergis*c effects of two stressors co- ac*ng à Underes-ma-on of ecosystem decline if predicted on individual stressor effects

9 Content Background Status- quo of European surface waters What do we know? The MARS project Concepts: Finding a common language Methods: Addressing all scales Tools: Suppor-ng the management Impact: Reaching out to the public

10 The MARS project Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Science of the Total Environment journal homepage: Managing aquatic ecosystems and water resources under multiple stress An introduction to the MARS project Daniel Hering a,, Laurence Carvalho b, Christine Argillier c, Meryem Beklioglu d, Angel Borja e, Ana Cristina Cardoso f, Harm Duel g, Teresa Ferreira h, Lidija Globevnik i, Jenica Hanganu j, Seppo Hellsten k, Erik Jeppesen l, Vit Kodeš m, Anne Lyche Solheim n, Tiina Nõges o, Steve Ormerod p, Yiannis Panagopoulos q, Stefan Schmutz r, Markus Venohr s, Sebastian Birk a New concepts, methods and tools in river basin management

11 Conceptual framework The MARS model

12 Concepts: Finding a common language What is a Stressor? A Stressor is any environmental change in a factor that causes some response by the system of interest. The response caused by the Stressor can be beneficial or deleterious. How is the term related to the DPSIR scheme? Not used in the DPSIR scheme. A Stressor can belong to either the Pressure or State category à (puta-ve) cause in a cause- and- effect chain

13 Concepts: Finding a common language MARS terminology document: Harmonising approaches in applied mul-stressor research

14 Multiple pressures Task on European Mul'- pressure Mapping To gain knowledge on spa-ally explicit mul-- pressure combina-ons in Europe Mapping of (weighted) cumula-ve pressure index plus cluster analysis of areas of similar mul-- pressure profiles! Vörösmarty et al. (2010)

15 Indicator overview The fifteen MARS benchmark indicators to assess response to the multiple stressors on all scales Indicator name Ecological status of surface water body Total phosphorus concentration in the water column Total nitrogen concentration in the water column Growing season mean of water column chlorophyll-a concentration Chlorophyll-a to total phosphorus ratio (Chl:TP) Biovolume of toxic/nuisance phytoplankton species Abundance of submerged, emergent and floating-leafed macrophytic vegetation Average Score per Taxon (ASPT) Abundance ratios of invertebrate functional feeding groups Relative abundance of invasive alien invertebrate species Total fish abundance (incl. abundance of commercially relevant fish) Mean duration of high flow pulses within each year (extreme rain events) Mean duration of low pulses within each year (drought events) Annual water-level fluctuations Amount of naturally-forested land in the riparian corridor of water body

16 Methods: Addressing all scales Water body scale: 7 flume and mesocosm factorial experiments Combined effects of DOC, flow, water abstraction, temperature, precipitation, nutrients, fine sediments, habitat morphology River basin scale: 16 case study basins Statistical analysis of combined effects of water abstraction, flow regulation, morphological alteration, water quality, warming, land use Continental scale: Europe-wide data analysis of large lakes and rivers and of fish across rivers, lakes and and estuaries Statistical analysis of relationships between drivers, pressures, biological impacts, ecosystem processes and ecosystem services

17 Tools: Supporting the management Guidadnce for river basin managers Stressors Impact Individual stressors Status of WB Measures Sites Combined stressors Combined stressors Ecosystem Services Catchments Example case studies

18 Impact: Reaching out to the public Social media tool 2013 among the top biodiversity blogs ranked in Science About 7,000 readers / month, >100,000 hits in 2014 Professional writer, weekly updates

19 Conclusions Mul-stressor condi-ons are no excep-on, but the norm. Scien-fic knowledge is increasing, but there s a poor recep-on in prac-ce. Challenge: Bridging the gap towards successful River Basin Management.