Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation at the Green Spot Site (MW-4) Baseline Scenario (1992 to 2002)

Transcription

1 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations for the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation at the Green Spot Site (MW-4) Baseline Scenario (1992 to 2002) 6865 Ground Surface 6855 Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft below ground surface 50 ft below ground surface Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) Date Appendix A 14-Jul-05 A-1 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

2 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations for the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6810 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation at Lakewood No. 5 Baseline Scenario (1992 to 2002) 6800 Ground Surface 6790 Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft below ground surface 50 ft below ground surface 6740 Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) Date Appendix A 14-Jul-05 A-2 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

3 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations for the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6785 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at Vaqueros Well Baseline Scenario (1992 to 2002) Ground Surface Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft below ground surface 50 ft below ground surface Baseline Ground Water Elevations( ) Date Appendix A 14-Jul-05 A-3 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

4 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations for the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6780 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at CSD Well No. 2 Baseline Scenario (1992 to 2002) Ground Surface Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft below ground surface 50 ft below ground surface Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) Date Appendix A 14-Jul-05 A-4 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

5 APPENDIX B Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevations Scenarios 2 Through 5

6 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations for the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at the Green Spot Site (MW-4) Scenarios 2 and 3 (Artificial Recharge Only - No Pumping) Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl Ground Surface 30 ft bgs 50 ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 2) 1,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 3) Appendix B 14-Jul-05 B-1 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

7 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations for the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at the Green Spot Site (MW-4) Scenarios 4 and 5 (Artificial Recharge Only - No Pumping) Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl Ground Surface 30 ft bgs 50 ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 1,500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 4) 2,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 5) Appendix B 14-Jul-05 B-2 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

8 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations for the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6810 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at Lakewood No. 5 Scenarios 2 and 3 (Artificial Recharge Only - No Pumping) 6800 Ground Surface 6790 Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft bgs 50 ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 2) 1,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 3) Appendix B 14-Jul-05 B-3 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

9 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations for the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6810 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at Lakewood No. 5 Scenarios 4 and 5 (Artificial Recharge Only - No Pumping) 6800 Ground Surface 6790 Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft bgs 50 ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 1,500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 4) 2,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 5) Appendix B 14-Jul-05 B-4 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

10 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations for the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6785 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at Vaqueros Well Scenarios 2 and 3 (Artificial Recharge Only - No Pumping) 6775 Ground Surface 6765 Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft bgs 50 ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 2) 1,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 3) Appendix B 14-Jul-05 B-5 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

11 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations for the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6785 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at Vaqueros Well Scenarios 4 and 5 (Artificial Recharge Only - No Pumping) 6775 Ground Surface 6765 Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft bgs 50 ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 1,500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 4) 2,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 5) Appendix B 14-Jul-05 B-6 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

12 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations for the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6780 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at CSD Well No. 2 Scenarios 2 and 3 (Artificial Recharge Only - No Pumping) Ground Surface Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft bgs ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 2) 1,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 3) Appendix B 14-Jul-05 B-7 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

13 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations for the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6780 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at CSD Well No. 2 Scenarios 4 and 5 (Artificial Recharge Only - No Pumping) Ground Surface Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft bgs ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 1,500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 4) 2,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 5) Appendix B 14-Jul-05 B-8 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

14 APPENDIX C Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevations Scenarios 6 Through 9

15 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at the Green Spot Site (MW-4) Scenarios 6 and 7 (Artificial Recharge with Equal Downgradient Pumping) Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl Ground Surface 30 ft bgs 50 ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 6) 1,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 7) Appendix C 14-Jul-05 C-1 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

16 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at the Green Spot Site (MW-4) Scenarios 8 and 9 (Artificial Recharge with Equal Downgradient Pumping) Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl Ground Surface 30 ft bgs 50 ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 1,500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 8) 2,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 9) Appendix C 14-Jul-05 C-2 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

17 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6810 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at Lakewood No. 5 Scenarios 6 and 7 (Artificial Recharge with Equal Downgradient Pumping) 6800 Ground Surface 6790 Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft bgs 50 ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 6) 1,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 7) Appendix C 14-Jul-05 C-3 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

18 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6810 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at Lakewood No. 5 Scenarios 8 and 9 (Artificial Recharge with Equal Downgradient Pumping) 6800 Ground Surface 6790 Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft bgs 50 ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 1,500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 8) 2,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 9) Appendix C 14-Jul-05 C-4 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

19 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6785 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at Vaqueros Well Scenarios 6 and 7 (Artificial Recharge with Equal Downgradient Pumping) 6775 Ground Surface 6765 Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft bgs 50 ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 6) 1,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 7) Appendix C 14-Jul-05 C-5 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

20 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6785 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at Vaqueros Well Scenarios 8 and 9 (Artificial Recharge with Equal Downgradient Pumping) 6775 Ground Surface 6765 Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft bgs 50 ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 1,500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 8) 2,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 9) Appendix C 14-Jul-05 C-6 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

21 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6780 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at CSD Well No. 2 Scenarios 6 and 7 (Artificial Recharge with Equal Downgradient Pumping) Ground Surface Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft bgs ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 6) 1,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 7) Appendix C 14-Jul-05 C-7 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

22 Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Authority Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 6780 Model-Simulated Ground Water Elevation Changes at CSD Well No. 2 Scenarios 8 and 9 (Artificial Recharge with Equal Downgradient Pumping) Ground Surface Ground Water Elevation, ft amsl ft bgs ft bgs Date Baseline Ground Water Elevations ( ) 1,500 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 8) 2,000 Acre-ft/yr Recharge (Scenario 9) Appendix C 14-Jul-05 C-8 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

23 APPENDIX D Water Budgets Scenarios 2 Through 5

24 Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 Hydrologic Budget Summary for 500 acre-ft Recharge/No Additional Pumping Scenario SR PR Model Inflow This chart (and subsequent charts in Appendix D) shows the various inflow and outflow components for the ground water flow model water budget. The bars above the "0" line represent inflow components and their relative amounts for each year of the predictive model period. The bars below the "0" line represent outflow components. Water Volume, acre-ft 1, ,000-1,500-2,000 UO UI P ET BF SD -2,500-3,000-3,500 Model Outflow Year SR-Natural Recharge from Streams PR-Recharge from Precipitation Falling on the Land Surface and Artificial Recharge UI-Subsurface Underflow and Recharge from Mountain Front Runoff P-Ground Water Pumping ET-Evapotranspiration BF - Ground Water Discharge to Surface Water (i.e. Baseflow) UO-Underflow Out of Model SD-Stream Flow Discharge to Baldwin Lake Appendix D 14-Jul-05 D-1 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

25 Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 4,000 Hydrologic Budget Summary for 1,000 acre-ft Recharge/No Additional Pumping Scenario Water Volume, acre-ft 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, ,000 SR PR UI P ET Model Inflow -1,500-2,000-2,500 BF UO SD -3,000-3,500 Model Outflow Year SR-Natural Recharge from Streams PR-Recharge from Precipitation Falling on the Land Surface and Artificial Recharge UI-Subsurface Underflow and Recharge from Mountain Front Runoff P-Ground Water Pumping ET-Evapotranspiration BF-Ground Water Discharge to Surface Water (i.e. Baseflow) UO-Underflow Out of Model SD-Stream Flow Discharge to Baldwin Lake Appendix D 14-Jul-05 D-2 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

26 Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 4,000 Hydrologic Budget Summary for 1,500 acre-ft Recharge/No Additional Pumping Scenario 3,500 3,000 SR Model Inflow 2,500 2,000 PR 1,500 Water Volume, acre-ft 1, ,000 UI P ET -1,500-2,000 BF -2,500-3,000 UO SD Model Outflow -3, Year SR-Natural Recharge from Streams PR-Recharge from Precipitation Falling on the Land Surface and Artificial Recharge UI-Subsurface Underflow and Recharge from Mountain Front Runoff P-Ground Water Pumping ET-Evapotranspiration BF - Ground Water Discharge to Surface Water (i.e. Baseflow) UO-Underflow Out of Model SD-Stream Flow Discharge to Baldwin Lake Appendix D 14-Jul-05 D-3 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

27 Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 4,000 3,500 Hydrologic Budget Summary for 2,000 acre-ft Recharge/No Additional Pumping Scenario SR Model Inflow 3,000 2,500 PR 2,000 1,500 Water Volume, acre-ft 1, ,000 UI P ET -1,500-2,000-2,500-3,000-3,500 BF UO SD Model Outflow Year SR-Natural Recharge from Streams PR-Recharge from Precipitation Falling on the Land Surface and Artificial Recharge UI-Subsurface Underflow and Recharge from Mountain Front Runoff P-Ground Water Pumping ET-Evapotranspiration BF - Ground Water Discharge to Surface Water (i.e. Baseflow) UO-Underflow Out of Model SD-Stream Flow Discharge to Baldwin Lake Appendix D 14-Jul-05 D-4 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

28 APPENDIX E Water Budgets Scenarios 6 Through 9

29 Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site Hydrologic Budget Summary for 500 acre-ft Recharge Scenario 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 SR PR Model Inflow This chart (and subsequent charts in Appendix E) shows the various inflow and outflow components for the ground water flow model water budget. The bars above the "0" line represent inflow components and their relative amounts for each year of the predictive model period. The bars below the "0" line represent outflow components. Water Volume, acre-ft 1, ,000-1,500-2,000 BF SD UI P ET UO -2,500-3,000-3,500 Model Outflow Year SR-Natural Recharge from Streams PR-Recharge from Precipitation Falling on the Land Surface and Artificial Recharge UI-Subsurface Underflow and Recharge from Mountain Front Runoff P-Ground Water Pumping ET-Evapotranspiration BF - Ground Water Discharge to Surface Water (i.e. Baseflow) UO-Underflow Out of Model SD-Stream Flow Discharge to Baldwin Lake Appendix E 14-Jul-05 E-1 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

30 Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 4,000 Hydrologic Budget Summary for 1,000 acre-ft Recharge Scenario Water Volume, acre-ft 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, ,000 SR PR UI P Model Inflow -1,500-2,000-2,500 BF SD ET UO -3,000-3,500 Model Outflow Year SR-Natural Recharge from Streams PR-Recharge from Precipitation Falling on the Land Surface and Artificial Recharge UI-Subsurface Underflow and Recharge from Mountain Front Runoff P-Ground Water Pumping ET-Evapotranspiration BF - Ground Water Discharge to Surface Water (i.e. Baseflow) UO-Underflow Out of Model SD-Stream Flow Discharge to Baldwin Lake Appendix E 14-Jul-05 E-2 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

31 Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site Hydrologic Budget Summary for 1,500 acre-ft Recharge Scenario 4,000 3,500 3,000 SR Model Inflow 2,500 2,000 PR 1,500 Water Volume, acre-ft 1, ,000 UI P -1,500-2,000-2,500-3,000 BF SD ET UO Model Outflow -3, Year SR-Natural Recharge from Streams PR-Recharge from Precipitation Falling on the Land Surface and Artificial Recharge UI-Subsurface Underflow and Recharge from Mountain Front Runoff P-Ground Water Pumping ET-Evapotranspiration BF - Ground Water Discharge to Surface Water (i.e. Baseflow) UO-Underflow Out of Model SD-Stream Flow Discharge to Baldwin Lake Appendix E 14-Jul-05 E-3 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

32 Analysis of Ground Water Flow Model Simulations of the Proposed Green Spot Artificial Recharge Site 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 Hydrologic Budget Summary for 2,000 acre-ft Recharge Scenario Model Inflow SR PR 1,500 Water Volume, acre-ft 1, ,000 UI P -1,500-2,000-2,500-3,000-3,500 Model Outflow Year SR-Natural Recharge from Streams PR-Recharge from Precipitation Falling on the Land Surface and Artificial Recharge UI-Subsurface Underflow and Recharge from Mountain Front Runoff P-Ground Water Pumping ET-Evapotranspiration BF - Ground Water Discharge to Surface Water (i.e. Baseflow) UO-Underflow Out of Model SD-Stream Flow Discharge to Baldwin Lake UO ET BF SD Appendix E 14-Jul-05 E-4 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

33 Technical Memorandum Tel: (909) Fax: (909) Mailing Address: P.O. Box 220, Claremont, CA Physical Address: 1326 Monte Vista, Suite 3, Upland, CA To: From: Mr. Steve Schindler Dennis E. Williams, Ph.D. President GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc. Date: September 7, 2005 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 1.0 INTRODUCTION This memorandum summarizes a geohydrologic evaluation of potential ground water level and quality changes that could result from a proposed reduction of wastewater discharge from the (BBARWA) treatment plant near Big Bear City, California to an agricultural site in Lucerne Valley, located approximately 12 miles to the north (see Figure 1). The 480-acre agricultural site, hereafter referred to as the Lucerne Valley Land Discharge Location (LVLDL), is located on the southeast corner of Old Woman Springs Road and Camp Rock Road (see Figure 2). BBARWA is proposing to reduce wastewater discharge to the LVLDL in order to provide a supplemental supply of water for beneficial use in the Big Bear Valley. Among the beneficial uses being proposed are construction water, industrial uses, irrigation water, and ground water recharge. As beneficial uses for the recycled water are implemented within the Big Bear Valley, the amount of discharge to the LVLDL will decrease over time and may periodically cease.

34 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 7-Sep Background BBARWA has been discharging treated wastewater from the Big Bear Valley to the LVLDL since August Since that time, BBARWA has discharged a total of approximately 22,027,000,000 gallons of treated wastewater (approximately 2,200 acre-ft/yr) to the LVLDL. The secondary treated wastewater is conveyed via a pipeline to a holding reservoir located approximately 6,500 ft south of the LVLDL (see Figure 2). As needed, wastewater from the holding reservoir is conveyed to an irrigation system at the LVLDL where it is applied, via spray irrigation, to alfalfa crops. Periodically, the supply of treated wastewater to the holding reservoir exceeds irrigation demand and, during those times, the excess water is conveyed to unlined discharge basins in the southwestern portion of the property (see Figure 2). Between 1991 and 2004, BBARWA discharged an average of approximately 2,800 acre-ft of secondary treated wastewater to the LVLDL. Of the water discharged to the site over this time period, an average of approximately 2,145 acre-ft was used for irrigation of crops and an average of approximately 670 acre-ft was discharged to the unlined discharge basins (see Table 1). 1.2 Purpose and Scope The purpose of this study is to identify potential changes to the ground water in the vicinity of the LVLDL that could result from a reduction in irrigation and/or discharge of treated wastewater from the BBARWA treatment plant. The scope of the work included: Review of published documents and data related to the current and historical operation of the BBARWA treatment plant; Review of published documents and data related to the current and historical operation of the LVLDL; GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc. 2

35 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 7-Sep-05 Evaluation of potential changes in ground water levels and quality impacts associated with the reduction in discharge of treated wastewater to unlined basins or application to crops via spray irrigation; and Preparation of this technical memorandum. GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc. 3

36 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 7-Sep SOURCES OF DATA Data sources used to conduct the analysis included the following: Well Completion Report - Construction and Water Quality Analyses of Lucerne Valley Monitoring Wells, (Law Environmental, 1992). Recycled Water Master Plan - Final Draft Report, (CH2M Hill, 2005). California Department of Water Resources Online Well Data Library, (June 2005)., (2005a). A complete list of references cited is provided at the end of this memorandum. GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc. 4

37 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 7-Sep GEOHYDROLOGIC SETTING 3.1 Regional Geology The LVLDL is located within the eastern portion of Lucerne Valley, a closed desert basin located at the northern base of the San Bernardino Mountains (see Figure 1). The basin, formed during uplift of the San Bernardino Mountains, contains a central playa fed by alluvial fans from the surrounding mountains and highlands (USGS, 2000). The depth to pre-tertiary basement rocks within Lucerne Valley is thought to range from approximately 1,200 to 1,800 ft below ground surface (bgs; Blazevic et al., 2005). Sedimentary units overlying the basement rocks include Tertiary sandstones, fanglomerates, and older alluvial deposits. Quaternary surficial deposits at the LVLDL include young wash deposits and young alluvial fan deposits (USGS, 2000). The young alluvial fan deposits consist of unconsolidated to slightly consolidated medium- to coarse-grained sand, gravel, and cobbles. The fan deposits consist of unconsolidated to slightly consolidated medium- to coarse-grained sand, sandy gravel, with lesser amounts of fine sand and silt. These deposits were transported and deposited by active wash channels incised into the young alluvial fan material. 3.2 Local Geology Borehole lithologic logs from monitoring wells drilled on the LVLDL show that the site is underlain primarily by unconsolidated silty sand and gravel with occasional beds of sandy clay or clayey sand (Law Environmental, Inc., 1992). The boreholes extended to a maximum depth of 255 ft bgs. GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc. 5

38 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 7-Sep Regional Geohydrology The LVLDL is located on an alluvial fan within the Rabbit Springs subbasin of the Lucerne Valley Ground Water Basin. Water-bearing units in this area include the Tertiary sedimentary rocks and younger alluvial deposits, and are thought to be permeable with high specific yields averaging approximately 11 percent (CDWR, 2003). These units are estimated to range from approximately 1,000 to 1,400 ft in thickness (Blazevic et al., 2005). The aquifer system in Lucerne Valley is considered to be primarily unconfined, particularly toward the northern and southern edges of the ground water basin. However, semi-confined and confined aquifer conditions have been noted in the vicinity of Lucerne Dry Lake (Blazevic et al., 2005). Natural ground water recharge within the Lucerne Valley Ground Water Basin occurs as infiltration and deep percolation of runoff from the San Bernardino Mountains to the south, and to a lesser degree, from the Ord and Fry Mountains to the north. Mean annual precipitation is relatively low and ranges from 4 to 8 inches, depending on elevation within the valley (CDWR, 2003). The Lucerne Valley is a closed hydrologic basin such that there is no surface or subsurface outflow of water or ground water. Lucerne Dry Lake is the terminus of all surface and ground water flow. Thus, any discharge of surface and/or ground water occurs as evapotranspiration at the dry lake or ground water pumping in the valley. 3.4 Local Geohydrology Ground water beneath the LVLDL occurs within the older alluvial deposits that have weathered from the San Bernardino Mountains to the south. Review of borehole logs from wells drilled at the site shows some minor amounts of silt and clay and suggests that the aquifer system is likely unconfined to semi-confined. GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc. 6

39 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 7-Sep ANALYSIS OF GROUND WATER LEVEL AND QUALITY CHANGES AT THE LUCERNE VALLEY LAND DISCHARGE LOCATION 4.1 Ground Water Level Changes Historical ground water elevations from four wells at or adjacent to the LVLDL were analyzed to assess ground water level changes over time. One well (04N/01E-13M001S) is located along the eastern boundary of the LVLDL and was constructed before BBARWA began discharging water at the site (see Figure 2). The construction details of the well are not known but the CDWR ground water level records from this well date back to 1953 (see Table 2). Three additional monitoring wells (MW-1, MW-2, and MW-3; see Figure 2) were drilled and constructed on the LVLDL site in 1991 (Law Environmental, Inc., 1992). Ground water level records from these wells are available from October 1991 to the present. Historical ground water level data from Well 13M001S shows that ground water elevations in the area were steadily declining until the early 1980s at which point they began to rise (see Figure 3; Table 2). Aside from a short delay in ground water level response, this rise is coincident with the first application of BBARWA treated wastewater to the LVLDL in August of Ground water levels in the monitoring wells at the LVLDL are currently approximately 11 to 12 ft higher than they were at the time of their construction. At the time of monitoring well completion (October 1991), the ground water level measured in MW-1 was approximately 187 ft bgs (see Table 2). In November of 2004, the depth to ground water in the same well was 176 ft bgs. Ground water levels in MW-2 and MW-3 were approximately 141 and 153 ft bgs, respectively, at the time of completion and were similar to ground water levels measured in 13M001S at the same time (see Figure 3). In November of 2004, ground water levels in MW-2 and MW-3 were approximately 130 and 141 ft bgs, respectively. The ground water levels are up GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc. 7

40 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 7-Sep-05 to 12 ft higher than those recorded in Although periods of declining ground water levels are noted in the data, the ground water levels have generally risen over the period of record. 4.2 Ground Water Quality The chemical characteristics of the ground water beneath the LVLDL have changed between 1991 and the present time. Analysis of ground water samples collected from the LVLDL monitoring wells in 1991 showed that the ground water was sodium sulfate type at that time (see Figure 4). Analysis of ground water samples collected from MW-2 and MW-3 in 2000 indicates a shift in water type towards calcium chloride type water (see Figure 5). Ground water collected from MW-1 showed increases in bicarbonate relative to sulfate and increases in sodium relative to calcium (see Figure 5). Concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) in ground water beneath the LVLDL during the period from 1991 to 2005 has also varied (see Table 3). TDS concentrations in ground water samples collected from monitoring wells at the site in 1991 ranged from 440 milligrams per liter (mg/l) in MW-3 (downgradient) to 560 mg/l in MW-1 (upgradient). In 2005, TDS concentrations ranged from 310 mg/l in MW-1 to 705 mg/l in MW-3. As shown on Figure 6, TDS concentrations in MW-2 increased substantially between 1991 and 1998, reaching a maximum of 1,220 mg/l before decreasing again to stabilize at approximately 700 mg/l. TDS concentrations also increased in MW-3 over the same time period but reached a maximum concentration (860 mg/l) approximately three years later in TDS concentrations in MW-1 decreased to approximately 290 mg/l in 1998 from an initial high concentration of 560 mg/l in 1991 and have since stabilized. Nitrate concentrations in samples from monitoring wells at the LVLDL followed similar trends as TDS between 1991 and 2005 (see Table 3; Figure 7). As with TDS, the greatest nitrate increases were observed in MW-2 where concentrations reached a maximum of 69.5 mg/l in 1998 before decreasing to approximately 15 mg/l in Unlike TDS concentration trends in GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc. 8

41 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 7-Sep-05 MW-1, nitrate concentrations in this monitoring well increased to 10 mg/l in 2000, at which time they began to decrease (see Figure 7). The TDS and nitrate concentration trends shown from historical data from MW-2 and MW-3, which are downgradient of the irrigated crops, suggest that excess fertilizer not being utilized by the crops and mobilized by irrigation and/or precipitation may have been a contributing factor to TDS and nitrate concentrations historically detected in ground water beneath the site. The TDS and nitrate concentrations detected in samples from MW-2 are higher than historical TDS and nitrate concentrations in the BBARWA secondary wastewater (see Figures 5 and 6; Table 4). Although BBARWA secondary wastewater likely contributed to TDS and nitrate concentrations in the ground water, the agricultural operation was also a contributing factor. Decreasing nitrate and TDS concentrations after 1999 could be attributed to a number of factors. First, fertilization and irrigation practices by the farmer were modified after approximately 1997 to reduce the amount of fertilizer applied to the crops and reduce the amount of water used for irrigation, thus reducing the amount of fertilizer that could migrate past the root zone of the plants and the mechanism for vertical migration (i.e. irrigation beyond plant needs; BBARWA, 2005b personal communication). Additionally, the amount of precipitation in the area after 1998 was substantially less than it was between 1992 and 1998, which decreased the amount of natural recharge. Finally, BBARWA modified its treatment process after 1997 to substantially reduce the amount of nitrate in the secondary effluent, so less nitrate was in the water being applied to the crops and discharged to the discharge basins. The effect of all of these factors was reduced nitrate and TDS concentrations in the ground water beneath the site. GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc. 9

42 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 7-Sep CONCLUSIONS Based on the analysis of ground water level and quality changes observed beneath the LVLDL since discharge of treated wastewater onto the site was initiated in 1980, the following conclusions have been developed: Observed ground water level rise beneath the LVLDL since discharges onto the site began in 1980 is a result of deep percolation of secondary treated wastewater discharged to the unlined drainage basins and, to a lesser extent, application of irrigation water on crops at the site. Some ground water level rise can be attributed to natural recharge as shown from ground water level peaks after the 1998 above normal precipitation year and then subsequent declines during the below normal precipitation years that followed (see Figure 3). Ground water quality changes since 1991 support the conclusion that discharge of wastewater at the LVLDL has reached the ground water. The overall chemical characteristics of the ground water have shifted over time, suggesting mixing with another source other than natural recharge (i.e. percolating wastewater). Furthermore, TDS and nitrate concentrations in the ground water beneath the site have been highly variable and, during some periods, increasing. The high TDS and nitrate concentrations in the ground water beneath the LVLDL cannot be explained from TDS and nitrate in the wastewater alone. TDS and nitrate concentrations in the ground water significantly exceed concentrations from BBARWA s secondary treated wastewater (see Table 2). These data indicate that dissolution and mobilization of salts and nitrate from the fertilizer applied to the crops is a contributing factor to the TDS and nitrate concentrations detected in the ground water. GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc. 10

43 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 7-Sep-05 Given the above conclusions, reducing or eliminating the amount of treated wastewater discharged to the LVLDL discharge basins or applied to crops at the site would result in changes in ground water levels and quality beneath the site. Reductions in wastewater discharge to the unlined basins would result in a reduction in recharge to the local ground water basin and a corresponding lowering of ground water levels. If the reductions in available wastewater were such that cultivation of crops was no longer feasible at the LVLDL, TDS and nitrate concentrations in the ground water beneath the site would decrease. The amount of recharge that reaches the ground water on an annual basis from irrigation of crops and discharges to the unlined basins at the LVLDL is a function of the amounts applied to each. As shown in Table 1, between 1991 and 2004, an annual average of approximately 2,145 acre-ft of water was applied to the crops. During the same time period, an average of approximately 674 acre-ft/yr was discharged to the unlined basins. It is estimated that between 8 and 10 percent of applied irrigation water could be expected to infiltrate beyond the root zones of the crops and percolate to the ground water or approximately 172 to 215 acre-ft/yr. For the unlined drainage basins, almost all of the water (674 acre-ft/yr) is assumed to percolate to the ground water. Thus, a combined total of approximately 850 to 890 acre-ft of wastewater could reach the ground water beneath the LVLDL each year, at the current rate of discharge. GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc. 11

44 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 7-Sep REFERENCES, 2005a. Ground Water Levels and Quality Data from the Lucerne Valley Land Discharge Location., 2005b. Personal communication with Joe Hanford. Blazevic, M., Laton, W. R., and Foster, J., Lucerne Valley Groundwater Basin Geologic Insights. Hydro Visions. Volume 14, No. 1. Spring California Department of Water Resources, California s Groundwater. Bulletin No Update California Department of Water Resources, Accessed: June Water Data Library Website: CH2MHILL, Recycled Water Master Plan - Final Draft Report. Prepared for: Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Agency. January Law Environmental, Inc., Well Completion Report - Construction and Water Quality Analyses of Lucerne Valley Monitoring Wells - Lucerne Valley, San Bernardino County, California. Prepared for:. February Neste, Brudin & Stone, Inc., and CM Engineering Associates, Wastewater Facilities Plan - Big Bear Area - Collection, Treatment, Disposal and Reclamation. Prepared for: Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Agency. March GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc. 12

45 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 7-Sep-05 United States Geological Survey, Geologic Map and Digital Database of the Cougar Buttes 7.5 Quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California - Version Summary Pamphlet. USGS Open-File Report GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc. 13

46 FIGURES

47 BIG BEAR AREA REGIONAL WASTEWATER AGENCY EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL GROUND WATER CHANGES FROM REDUCTIONS IN DISCHARGE AT THE BBARWA DISCHARGE SITE IN LUCERNE VALLEY, CALIFORNIA GENERAL PROJECT LOCATION Lucerne Valley Lucerne Valley Land Discharge Location "! "! 247 Discharge Basins 18 EXPLANATION Lucerne Valley Land Discharge Location T.4 N. T.3 N. Discharge Basins BBARWA Discharge Pipeline BBARWA DISCHARGE PIPELINE Highway 18 "! SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS T.3 N. T.2 N. County Inset 0 BBARWA TREATMENT PLANT Miles 15 "!! " 3 95! " ! " 18 "! "! "! Los Angeles Big Bear City San Bernardino 38 "! Big Bear Lake 18! " 18! " Study Area! " ! " 38 "!! " 10 "! ! " 71! " 91 "! 10! " Riverside O r R.2 W. R.1 W. R.1 W. R.1 E. R.1 E. GIS_proj\bbarwa_lucerne_eir_9-05\bbarwa_lucerne_eir_9-05.apr R.2 E. R.3 E. 7-SEP-05 Prepared by: DWB Map Projection: UTM Zone 11, NAD27 Central Meridian: -117 degrees R.2 E Miles Figure 1

48 BIG BEAR AREA REGIONAL WASTEWATER AGENCY EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL GROUND WATER CHANGES FROM REDUCTIONS IN DISCHARGE AT THE BBARWA DISCHARGE SITE IN LUCERNE VALLEY, CALIFORNIA LUCERNE VALLEY LAND DISCHARGE LOCATION MW-3 U % MW-2 U % EXPLANATION Lucerne Valley Land Discharge Location Lucerne Valley Land Discharge Location # S 04N/1E - 13M1 Discharge Basins BBARWA Discharge Pipeline Balancing Reservoir U % # S MW-1 % U Discharge Basins Department of Water Resources Well Used For Analysis Monitoring Well (Law Environmental) BBARWA Discharge Pipeline Balancing Reservoir T.4 N. R.1 E. R.2 E. 7-SEP-05 Prepared by: DWB Map Projection: UTM Zone 11, NAD27 Central Meridian: -117 degrees GIS_proj\bbarwa_lucerne_eir_9-05\bbarwa_lucerne_eir_9-05.apr Base Map from: USGS 7 1/2 minute Cougar Buttes (1994) and Lucerne Valley (1994) Quadrangles Feet Figure 2

49 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California 2,880 Ground Water Elevations Lucerne Valley Land Discharge Location and Vicinity 2,875 Water Level Elevation, ft amsl 2,870 2,865 2,860 2,855 2,850 2,845 2,840 04N01E13M001S MW-1 MW-2 MW-3 Application of BBARWA Treated Wastewater Begins (August 1980) 2,835 2, Source of Data: California Department of Water Resources (2005). Year Figure 3 7-Sep-05 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

50 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California Figure 4 Trilinear Diagram Lucerne Valley Land Discharge Location Monitoring Wells October 1991 Water Quality Results from BC Analytical Laboratories of Glendale, California Water quality results indicate that ground water samples collected from Monitoring Wells 1, 2 and 3 following their completion are of the sodium sulfate type SO4 + Cl Mg 25 Na + K Ca + Mg MW 2 Composite 31-Oct-91 MW 3 Composite 31-Oct-91 MW 1 Composite 31-Oct SO 4 75 HCO 3 SO4 Mg Ca Na+K HCO Ca Cl Cl 7-Sep-05 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

51 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California Figure 5 Trilinear Diagram Lucerne Valley Land Discharge Location Monitoring Wells November 2000 Water Quality Results from BC Analytical Laboratories of Glendale, California Water quality results indicate that ground water samples collected 14-Nov-00 from Monitoring Wells 2 and 3 are of the calcium chloride type. The sample collected from Monitoring Well 1 does not show any predominant cation or anion. SO4 + Cl MW 2 Sampled 14-Nov-00 Ca + Mg Mg 25 Na + K MW 1 Sampled 14-Nov SO 4 75 Mg HCO 3 MW 3 Sampled 14-Nov-00 SO Ca Na+K HCO Ca Cl Cl 7-Sep-05 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

52 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne, California Total Dissolved Solids Concentrations Lucerne Valley Land Discharge Location Monitoring Wells and BBARWA Treated Wastewater Historical TDS Concentration in MW-1 Historical TDS Concentration in MW-2 Historical TDS Concentration in MW TDS Concentration (mg/l) BBARWA Secondary Treated Wastewater TDS Concentration (mg/l); 13 Year Average = 444 mg/l Year Figure 6 7-Sep-05 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

53 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne, California Nitrate Concentrations Lucerne Valley Land Discharge Location Monitoring Wells and BBARWA Treated Wastewater 70 Historical Nitrate Concentration in MW-1 Historical Nitrate Concentration in MW-2 60 Historical Nitrate Concentration in MW-3 BBARWA Treated Effluent Nitrate Concentration (mg/l) BBARWA Annual Average Secondary Treated Wastewater Nitrate Concentration (mg/l) (Reported as Nitrogen) Year Figure 7 7-Sep-05 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

54 TABLES

55 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California Table 1 BBARWA Wastewater Discharge to the Lucerne Valley Land Discharge Location Year 1 Total Discharged to Lucerne Valley Total Used for Irrigation Total Discharge to Unlined Basins [Gallons] [Gallons] [Gallons] ,150,000 NA 3 NA ,025, ,194, ,831, ,288,248, ,677, ,571, ,704, ,267,000 84,437, ,225,091, ,103, ,988, ,637, ,913, ,724, NA NA NA 1998/ ,217, ,192, ,024, / ,224, ,263,000 60,961, / ,844, ,363, ,481, / ,850, ,247,000 71,603, / ,485, ,023, ,462, / ,132, ,597, ,535, / ,072,725, ,259, ,466,000 Average (gallons): 911,025, ,258, ,423,597 Average (acre-ft): 2,798 2, Notes: 1. Data for 1991 through 1996 are reported by calendar year. Data for 1998 through 2004 are reported by water year (October 1 through September 30). 2. Data reported through August Data not available. 7-Sep-05 Page 1 of 1 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

56 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California Table 2 Ground Water Elevations Well Name Date Reference Point Elevation Depth to Ground Water Ground Water Elevation [ft amsl] [ft below RP] [ft amsl] MW-1 7-Oct-91 3, , MW-1 16-Nov-93 3, , MW-1 20-Nov-95 3, , MW-1 16-Apr-96 3, , MW-1 27-Nov-96 3, , MW-1 15-May-97 3, , MW-1 18-Nov-97 3, , MW-1 19-May-98 3, , MW-1 19-Nov-98 3, , MW-1 23-Nov-99 3, , MW-1 8-Aug-00 3, , MW-1 14-Nov-00 3, , MW-1 24-Apr-01 3, , MW-1 19-Nov-01 3, , MW-1 16-Apr-02 3, , MW-1 26-Nov-02 3, , MW-1 1-May-03 3, , MW-1 18-Nov-03 3, , MW-1 1-Apr-04 3, , MW-1 4-Nov-04 3, , MW-1 5-May-05 3, , MW-2 7-Oct-91 2, , MW-2 16-Nov-93 2, , MW-2 20-Nov-95 2, , MW-2 16-Apr-96 2, , MW-2 27-Nov-96 2, , MW-2 15-May-97 2, , MW-2 18-Nov-97 2, , MW-2 19-May-98 2, , MW-2 19-Nov-98 2, , MW-2 23-Nov-99 2, , MW-2 8-Aug-00 2, , MW-2 14-Nov-00 2, , MW-2 24-Apr-01 2, , MW-2 19-Nov-01 2, , Sep-05 Page 1 of 4 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

57 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California Table 2 Ground Water Elevations Well Name Date Reference Point Elevation Depth to Ground Water Ground Water Elevation [ft amsl] [ft below RP] [ft amsl] MW-2 16-Apr-02 2, , MW-2 26-Nov-02 2, , MW-2 1-May-03 2, , MW-2 18-Nov-03 2, , MW-2 1-Apr-04 2, , MW-2 4-Nov-04 2, , MW-2 5-May-05 2, , MW-3 7-Oct-91 2, , MW-3 16-Nov-93 2, , MW-3 20-Nov-95 2, , MW-3 16-Apr-96 2, , MW-3 27-Nov-96 2, , MW-3 15-May-97 2, , MW-3 18-Nov-97 2, , MW-3 19-May-98 2, , MW-3 19-Nov-98 2, , MW-3 23-Nov-99 2, , MW-3 8-Aug-00 2, , MW-3 14-Nov-00 2, , MW-3 24-Apr-01 2, , MW-3 19-Nov-01 2, , MW-3 16-Apr-02 2, , MW-3 26-Nov-02 2, , MW-3 1-May-03 2, , MW-3 18-Nov-03 2, , MW-3 1-Apr-04 2, , MW-3 4-Nov-04 2, , MW-3 5-May-05 2, , N01E13M001S 1-Jan-53 3, , N01E13M001S 20-Mar-54 3, , N01E13M001S 19-Nov-54 3, , N01E13M001S 14-Mar-55 3, , N01E13M001S 9-Nov-55 3, , N01E13M001S 25-Mar-56 3, , N01E13M001S 1-Nov-56 3, , Sep-05 Page 2 of 4 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.

58 Evaluation of Potential Ground Water Changes from Reductions in Discharge at the BBARWA Discharge Site in Lucerne Valley, California Table 2 Ground Water Elevations Well Name Date Reference Point Elevation Depth to Ground Water Ground Water Elevation [ft amsl] [ft below RP] [ft amsl] 04N01E13M001S 6-Mar-57 3, , N01E13M001S 14-Nov-57 3, , N01E13M001S 9-Mar-58 3, , N01E13M001S 5-Nov-58 3, , N01E13M001S 11-Mar-59 3, , N01E13M001S 5-Nov-59 3, , N01E13M001S 3-Mar-60 3, , N01E13M001S 8-Nov-60 3, , N01E13M001S 16-Mar-61 3, , N01E13M001S 25-Oct-61 3, , N01E13M001S 14-Mar-62 3, , N01E13M001S 30-Oct-62 3, , N01E13M001S 12-Mar-63 3, , N01E13M001S 29-Oct-63 3, , N01E13M001S 17-Mar-64 3, , N01E13M001S 13-Nov-64 3, , N01E13M001S 16-Mar-65 3, , N01E13M001S 16-Nov-65 3, , N01E13M001S 6-Apr-66 3, , N01E13M001S 24-Oct-66 3, , N01E13M001S 14-Mar-67 3, , N01E13M001S 24-Oct-67 3, , N01E13M001S 21-Apr-69 3, , N01E13M001S 22-Oct-69 3, , N01E13M001S 7-Apr-70 3, , N01E13M001S 13-Nov-70 3, , N01E13M001S 24-Mar-71 3, , N01E13M001S 28-Mar-80 3, , N01E13M001S 20-Nov-80 3, , N01E13M001S 26-Mar-81 3, , N01E13M001S 24-Jun-81 3, , N01E13M001S 6-Oct-81 3, , N01E13M001S 3-Dec-81 3, , N01E13M001S 2-Apr-82 3, , N01E13M001S 13-Dec-82 3, , Sep-05 Page 3 of 4 GEOSCIENCE Support Services, Inc.