Final Environmental Impact Assessment Report

Transcription

1 Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Ltd. [ Expansion of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery to 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery] Category A Project at Plot No. 60 A & 60 B, Sirgitti Industrial Growth Centre, Bilaspur Tehsil & District, Chhattisgarh Final Environmental Impact Assessment Report [Based on TOR letter vide No.J-11015/68/2017-IA.II (M) dated 6 th November 2017] Monitoring Period October 2017 to December 2017 April 2019 Prepared by: ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Accredited by NABET - QCI Flat # 7-3 Dhruvatara Apartments Amrutha Estates Erramanjil Somajiguda Hyderabad

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3 DECLARATION Declaration by Experts contributing to the for the proposed modernization cum expansion of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery to 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery by M/s. Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Ltd. at Plot No. 60 A & 60 B,, Chhattisgarh. We, hereby, certify that we were part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA. EIA Coordinator : Coal Washery Name : Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy Signature : Date 01/07/2017 DECLARATION BY FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERTS INVOLVED IN THE PREPARATION OF EIA REPORT S.No. Functional Name of the Experts Involvement Areas (Period) 1. AP Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy July 2017 to till date Signature 2. WP Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy July 2017 to till date 3. SW Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy July 2017 to till date 4. SE Mr. I. Durga Prasad July 2017 to till date 5. EB Prof. Bayyapu Reddy July 2017 to till date 6. HG Mr. V. Tarun Chander July 2017 to till date 7. GEO Mr. V. Tarun Chander July 2017 to till date 8. SC Prof. Bayyapu Reddy Oct to till date 9. AQ Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy Oct to till date 10. NV Mr. Kotaiah B Oct to till date 11. LU Dr. Y. Ramamohan July 2017 to till date 12. RH Mr. D.H. Patel July 2017 to till date

4 S.No. Involved as Name of the person Involvement (Period) 1. Team Member Mr. Nagarjuna SRD July 2017 to till date Signature Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization I, Y. MAHESHWARA REDDY, hereby, confirm that the above-mentioned experts prepared the EIA for M/s. Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Ltd. for their proposed modernization cum expansion of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery to 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone Type Coal Washery situated at Plot No. 60 A & 60 B, Sirgitti Industrial Growth Centre, Bilaspur Tehsil & District, Chhattisgarh. I also confirm that I shall be fully accountable for any misleading information mentioned in this statement. Signature : Name : Y. Maheshwara Reddy Designation : Managing Director Organization : Pioneer Enviro Laboratories & Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad NABET Certificate No. : NABET / EIA / 1619 / RA 026

5 INDEX S.No. Contents Page No. TOR LETTER TOR COMPLIANCE Chapter 1 : Introduction 1.1 Introduction Identification of Project & Project Proponent Brief Description Nature of the Project Size of the Project Location of the Project Importance of Project Scope of the Study Environmental Clearance Process (Category A Projects) 1.6 Chapter 2 : Project Description 2.1 Type of Project Location of the Project Environmental Setting Within 10 Km. Radius of the Project Site Details of Land Size / Magnitude of Operation Project Cost Proposed Schedule for Approval & Implementation Technology & Process Description Raw Materials (Source of Coal) Raw Material Storage and Transport Manufacturing Process (Process of Coal Washery) Fluidise Bed Classifer Technology (Existing Plant Technology) Heavy Media Cyclone (Proposed Technology) Comparison of Fluidise Bed Classifer Type & Heavy Media Cyclone Type 2.21 Coal Washery Material Balance Environmental Mitigation Measures Air Emission Control Waste Water Management Noise Management Solid Waste Management Green Belt Development Internal Roads Assessment of new & Untested Technology for the Risk of technological 2.23 Failure Chapter 3 : Description of Environment 3.1 Baseline Environmental Status 3.1 EIA Index 1

6 3.2 Air Environment Meteorology Meteorological Data Recorded at Plant Site Air Quality Selection of Sampling Stations Parameters Monitored Sampling & Analytical Techniques Instruments Used for Sampling Noise Environnent Reconnaissance Background Noise Sources of Noise Community Noise Occupational Exposure Methodology Adopted For Noise Level Observation Noise Level Observations in the Study Area Water Quality Impacts Surface Water Quality Ground Water Quality Analysis Land Environment Mineral Reserves Seismic Effect Land Use Pattern Soil Environment Biological Environment Objectives of the Study Methodology of the Floral and Faunal Study Description of the Project Site & Study Area Details of Flora in the Study Area Details of Fauna In the Study Area Socio Economic Data Objective Scope Approach & Methodology Study Area Project Impact Zones Baseline Data And Analysis of Surveyed Villages Desktop Review / Research Field Survey Data Analysis & Its Interpretation Socio Economic Status 3.62 CHAPTER 4 : Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures 4.1 Introduction Air Environment Impact on Topography and Climate Impact on Topography 4.2 EIA Index 2

7 Impact on Climate Predictions of Impact on Air Environment Sources of Air Emissions Prediction of Impacts on Water Environment Water Requirement Wastewater Generation Impact on Arpa River & Gokena Nallah / Impact Due to Flooding of Plant Prediction of Impacts due to Noise Prediction of Impact Due to the Proposed Activity Prediction of Impacts on Community Prediction of Impact on Occupational Health Impact on Habitation, Flora & Fauna Due to Noise Levels Due to the 4.9 Project 4.5 Prediction of Impacts on Land Environment Possible Impact on Groundwater & Mitigation Impact on Geology & Mitigation Prediction of Impacts on Soil Prediction of Impacts on Flora & Fauna and Agricultural Land Prediction of Impacts due to Vehicular Movement Prediction of Impacts on Socio Economic Environment 4.13 CHAPTER 5 : Analysis of Alternatives [Technology & Site] 5.1 Alternative Technologies Alternative Sites Examined 5.1 CHAPTER 6 : Environmental Monitoring Program 6.1 Technical Aspects Methodologies Frequency & Locations of Environmental Monitoring Data Analysis Reporting Schedule Emergency Procedures Detailed Budget & Procurement Schedules 6.2 CHAPTER 7 : Additional Studies 7.1 Risk Assessment Introduction Scope of Study Fire Protection System Methodology of MCA Analysis Fire & Explosion and Toxicity Index Assessment of Risk Coal Handling Plant (Dust Explosion) & Coal Storage (Spont. Combustion) Risk & Consequence Analysis of Fire Effective Controls Disaster Management Plan 7.5 EIA Index 3

8 7.2.1 Disasters Objectives of Disaster Management of Plan Emergencies General, Industrial, Emergencies Specific Emergencies Anticipated Emergency Organization Emergency Communication Emergency Responsibilities Site Controller Incident Controller Emergency-Coordinator, Rescue, Fire Fighting Emergency-Coordinator, Medical, Mutual Aid, Rehabilitation, Transport 7.10 and Communication Emergency-Coordinator, Essential Services General Responsibilities of Employees during an Emergency Emergency Facilities Emergency Control Centre Emergency Power Supply Fire Fighting Facilities Location of Wind Sock Emergency Medical Facilities Emergency Actions Emergency Warning Emergency Shutdown Evacuation of Personnel All Clear Signal Occupational Health and Surveillance Occupational Health Construction & Erection Operation & Maintenance Occupational Health Safety Plan Safety Organization Construction and Erection Phase Operation & Maintenance Phase Safety Circle Safety Training Health and Safety Monitoring Plan Social Impact Assessment R & R Action Plan 7.20 CHAPTER 8 : Project Benefit 8.1 Physical Infrastructure Socio Infrastructure Employment Potential Skilled 8.1 EIA Index 4

9 8.3.2 Semi-Skilled Unskilled Socio-Economic Developmental Activities Proposed [Corporate 8.2 Environment Responsibility (CER)] CHAPTER 9 : Environmental Cost Benefits 9.0 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis 9.1 CHAPTER 10 : Environmental Management Plan 10.1 Introduction Management during Construction phase Site Preparation Water Supply & Sanitation Noise Maintenance of Vehicles Waste Storage of Hazardous Material Land Environment Post Construction Phase Air Emission Management Fugitive Emissions Dust Suppression System Internal Roads Compliance on CREP Recommendations Wastewater Management Plan to Mitigate the Adverse Impacts Due to 10.6 Project Solid Waste Management Noise Level Management Land Environment Measures for Improvement of Ecology Green Belt Development Rainwater Harvesting Post Project Monitoring Strategy Cost for Environmental Protection CHAPTER 11 : Summary & Conclusion 11.1 Introduction Details About the Project Brief Description of Process Conclusion 11.2 CHAPTER 12 : Disclosure of Consultant 12.1 EIA Index 5

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16 CHHATTISGARH POWER & COAL BENEFICIATION LTD., Chhattisgarh Compliance made on TOR issued by MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide letter no. J-11015/68/2017-IA.II (M) dated 6 th November 2017 for Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Ltd. TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance 1. All the potential consumers of the washed coal to be explored / identified, especially the thermal power plant, along with the firm justification in this regard. List of customers for whom Raw coal will be washed for a capacity of 2.0 MTPA are: M/s. Ultratech Cement Limited (Rawan Cement Works) Rawan Village, Baloda Bazaar Bhatapara District M/s. Ambuja Cement Limited M/s. Nuvoco Vistas Corp. Ltd. (formerly Lafarge India Limited) Arasmeta Cement Plant, Sonadih Cement, Jojobera Cement 2. Sustainable ground water availability and the water balance to be prepared for the project. 3. Impact of the pollution load due to heavy traffic on the road to be studied Plant Not applicable, as water required for the proposed project will be supplied by Chhattisgarh State Industrial Development Corporation (CSIDC). Kindly refer to page no. 4.6 of Chapter 4 of for water balance. Kindly refer to page no of Chapter 4 of. TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance i. Siting of washery is critical considering to its environmental impacts. Preference should be given to the site located at pit head; in case such a site is not available, the site should be as close to the pit head as possible and coal should be transported from mine to the washery preferably through closed conveyer belt to avoid air pollution. Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Limited is an existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery at Plot No. 60 A & 60 B, Sirgitti Industrial Growth Centre, Bilaspur Tehsil & District, Chhattisgarh. Existing plant was established prior to EIA notification 2006 & its subsequent amendments. Hence TOR Compliance 1

17 CHHATTISGARH POWER & COAL BENEFICIATION LTD., Chhattisgarh TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance Environment Clearance is not applicable to the existing plant. Existing plant has obtained Consent to Establishment from Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board (CECB) vide letter no. 1775/TS/CECB/2004 Raipur dated 24/05/2004, kindly refer to Annexure 1 for the same and is operating with valid Consents. Kindly refer to Annexure 2 for Consent for Operation valid till 30/09/2019. Now company proposes for modernization cum expansion of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery to 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery. No alternate sites have been selected, as the proposed modernization cum expansion will be taken up in the acres of existing plant premises only. No additional land will be required for the proposed expansion project. Hence no alternative sites have been considered for the proposed project. The proposed washery is 70 Kms. (by Road) from the Dipka, Gevra Coal Mine. ii. The washery shall not be located in eco-sensitive zones areas. Proposed coal washery is not located in the Eco-sensitive areas, kindly refer to page no. 2.5 of Chapter # 2 of for Environmental setting within 10 Kms. radius of the project site. iii. The washery should have a closed system and zero discharge. The storm drainage should be treated in settling ponds before discharging into rivers/streams/water bodies iv. A thick Green belt of about 50 m width should be developed surrounding the washery. v. A brief description of the plant along with a layout, the specific technology used and the source of coal should be provided. Kindly refer to page no of Chapter # 10 of for Wastewater Management. Kindly refer to page no of Chapter # 10 of. Kindly refer to Page no to 2.21 of Chapter # 2 of EIA report for brief description of technology used and source of TOR Compliance 2

18 CHHATTISGARH POWER & COAL BENEFICIATION LTD., Chhattisgarh TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance coal. Kindly refer to Page no of Chapter # 2 of for Plant layout. vi. vii. viii. ix. The EIA-EMP Report should cover the impacts and management plan for the project of the capacity for which EC is sought and the impacts of specific activities, including the technology used and coal used, on the environment of the area (within 10km radius), and the environmental quality of air, water, land, biotic community, etc. through collection of data and information, generation of data on impacts for the rated capacity. Cumulative impacts for air and water should be a part of EIA in case coal mine, TPP and other washeries are located within 10km radius. The EIA should also include mitigative measures needed to minimize adverse environmental impacts. A Study Area Map of the core zone as well as the 10km area of buffer zone showing major industries / mines and other polluting sources should be submitted. These maps shall also indicate the migratory corridors of fauna, if any and areas of endangered fauna; plants of medicinal and economic importance; any ecologically sensitive areas within the 10 km buffer zone; the shortest distance from the National Park/WL Sanctuary Tiger Reserve, etc. along with the comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State Government Data of one-season (non-monsoon) primary- base-line data on environmental quality of air (PM10, PM2.5, SOx and NOx, noise, water (surface and groundwater), soil be submitted The wet washery should generally utilize mine water only. In case mine water is not available, the option of storage of rain water and its use should be examined. Use of surface water and ground water should be avoided. Kindly refer to Chapter # 10 of for Environment Management Plan. Kindly refer to Page no of Chapter # 2 of. Kindly refer to Chapter # 3 of for Baseline data on Air, Water (Ground & Surface), Soil, Noise & Biological Environment. Kindly refer to Annexure 3 for Study Area Map of the core zone as well as the 10km area of buffer zone showing major industries / mines. Kindly refer to Chapter # 3 of for Baseline data on Air, Water (Ground & Surface), Soil, Noise & Biological Environment. Proposed coal washery is not located in the Mine area; hence mine pit water cannot be used. Water required for proposed washery will be supplied by Chhattisgarh State Industrial Development Corporation TOR Compliance 3

19 CHHATTISGARH POWER & COAL BENEFICIATION LTD., Chhattisgarh TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance (CSIDC). x. Detailed water balance should be provided. The break-up of water requirement as per different activities in the mining operations vis-a-vis washery should be given. If the source of water is from surface water and/or ground water, the same may be justified besides obtaining approval of the Competent Authority for its drawl. xi. The entire sequence of mineral production, transportation, handling, transfer and storage of mineral and waste, if any, and their impacts on air quality should be shown in a flow chart with specific points where fugitive emissions can arise and specific pollution control/mitigative measures proposed to be put in place. The washed coal and rejects should be transport by train as far as possible. Road transport of washed coal and rejects should generally be avoided. In case, the TPP is within 10km radius, it should be through conveyer belt. If transport by rail is not feasible because of the topography of the area, the option for transport by road be examined in detail and its impacts along with the mitigation measures should be clearly brought out in EIA/EMP report. xii. Details of various facilities proposed to be provided in terms of parking, rest areas, canteen etc. to the personnel involved in mineral transportation, workshop and effluents/pollution load from these activities should be provided. Rain water storage structure will be constructed in the proposed project and stored water will be utilized for the coal washery. Kindly refer to Page no of Chapter # 10 of for Rain Water Harvesting details. Kindly refer to Page no. 4.5 & 4.6 of Chapter # 4 of for Water requirement details & Water balance diagram. Kindly refer to Annexure 4 for letter from CSIDC regarding supply of water. Kindly refer to Annexure # 5 for transportation route. Kindly refer to Annexure # 6 for Schematic diagram showing emission sources. Kindly refer to Annexure # 7 for Traffic Study Kindly refer to Page no of Chapter # 4 of. Ample parking facility has already been provided for Parking of Heavy vehicles in the existing plant and same will be utilized for the present proposal Canteen facility will be provided at the plant site. Waste water generated will be sanitary waste water which will be treated in Septic tank followed by subsurface dispersion trench. TOR Compliance 4

20 CHHATTISGARH POWER & COAL BENEFICIATION LTD., Chhattisgarh TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance Rest rooms has already been provided at site for the transport personnel and same will be utilized for the present proposal. No workshop at project site is envisaged. xiii. xiv. Impacts of CHP, if any, on air and water quality should also be spelt out along with Action Plan. O.M. no. J-11013/25/2014-IA.1 dated 11 th August, 2014 to be followed with regard to CSR activities. In the coal handling plant, all required precautions will be taken up to prevent the air pollution. Dust extraction system with bag filters with outlet dust emission less than 50 mg/nm 3. Unloading areas will be provided with water sprinkling system. Water will be sprinkled on coal heaps to prevent any fugitive dust emission. At the material transfer points, dry fog dust suppression system / dust extraction system with bag filters will be provided. All conveyers will be covered with GI sheets to prevent fugitive dust emanation. Garland drains will be provided all-round the storage yards. The run-off water from the yard will channelized through garland drain network to settling tank. The supernatant will be utilized for plantation development. Internal roads will be made pucca /asphalted. Zero effluent discharge will be maintained. Hence there will not be any significant impact on air and water quality due to CHP. CPCBL commits to follow the guidelines contained in the O.M. on CSR activities. Year wise funds will be allocated for community welfare works including maintenance of roads on nearby TOR Compliance 5

21 CHHATTISGARH POWER & COAL BENEFICIATION LTD., Chhattisgarh TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance villages/areas and other socio-economic activities. Kindly refer to page no. 8.2 of Chapter # 8 of for details of Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) xv. Details of Public Hearing, Notice(s) issued in newspapers, proceedings / minutes of Public Hearing, points raised by the general public and response/commitments made by the proponent along with the Action Plan and budgetary provisions be submitted in tabular form. If the Public Hearing is in the regional language, an authenticated English translation of the same should be provided. Status of any litigations / court cases filed/pending, if any, against the project should be mentioned in EIA xvi. Analysis of samples indicating the following be submitted: Characteristics of coal prior to washing (this includes grade of coal, other characteristics of ash, S and heavy levels of metals such as Hg, As, Pb, Cr etc). Characteristics and quantum of coal after washing. Characteristics and quantum of coal rejects xvii. xviii. xix. Details of management/disposal/use of coal rejects should be provided. The rejects should be used in TPP located close to the washery as far as possible. If TPP is within a reasonable distance (10 km), transportation should be by conveyor belt. If it is far away, the transportation should be by rail as far as possible. Copies of MOU/Agreement with linkages (for stand-alone washery) for the capacity for which EC is being sought should be submitted Corporate Environment Responsibility a) The Company must have a well laid down Environment Policy approved by the Board of Directors. b) The Environment Policy must prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringements / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / Kindly refer to Annexure 16 (a) for Public Hearing proceeding and Annexure 16 (b) for response / commitments made by the proponent along with action plan and budgetary provision for the same. Kindly refer to Annexure 8 for Analysis reports for Raw Coal, Washed coal & Washery rejects in the existing plant. Pertaining to quantum we hereby like to state that about Tons/ year of ROM coal will be processed to produce Tons/ year Washed Coal and Tons/ year Rejects. Kindly refer to Page no of Chapter # 10 of. Kindly refer to Annexure # 9 for letter of interest for Raw coal Kindly refer to Annexure # 10 for letter of interest for Rejects Kindly refer to Annexure # 11 for Corporate Environment Policy of company. TOR Compliance 6

22 CHHATTISGARH POWER & COAL BENEFICIATION LTD., Chhattisgarh TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance conditions. c) The hierarchical system or Administrative Order of the company to deal with environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance conditions must be furnished. d) To have proper checks and balances, the company should have a well laid down system of reporting of non-compliances/violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large xx. A detailed action Plan for Corporate Social Responsibility for the project affected people and people living in and around the project area should Kindly refer to Page no.8.2 of Chapter # 8 of. xxi. xxii. xxiii. be provided Permission of drawl of water shall be pre-requisite for consideration of EC. Wastewater /effluent should confirm to the effluent standards as prescribed under Environment (Protection) Act, Details of washed coal, middling and rejects along with the MoU with the end users should be submitted. Water required for proposed washery will be supplied by Chhattisgarh State Industrial Development Corporation (CSIDC). Kindly refer to Annexure 4 for letter from CSIDC regarding supply of water. Kindly refer to Page no. 4.6 of Chapter # 4 of Tons/ year of ROM coal will be processed to produce Tons/ year Washed Coal and Tons/ year Rejects. Kindly refer to Annexure # 9 for letter of interest for Raw coal Kindly refer to Annexure # 10 for letter of interest for Rejects TOR Compliance 7

23 1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Limited is an existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery at Plot No. 60 A & 60 B, Sirgitti Industrial Growth Centre, Bilaspur Tehsil & District, Chhattisgarh. Existing plant was established prior to EIA notification 2006 & its subsequent amendments. Hence Environment Clearance is not applicable to the existing plant. Existing plant has obtained Consent to Establishment from Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board (CECB) vide letter no. 1775/TS/CECB/2004 Raipur dated 24/05/2004 and is operating with valid Consents. Now company proposes for modernization cum expansion of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery to 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery. Existing plant is located in the acres of land and present proposal will be taken up in the existing plant premises only. As per the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, New Delhi EIA notification, dated 14 th September, 2006 & its subsequent amendment, all Coal Washeries above 1.0 MTPA are classified under Category A. Hence, Form-I along with proposed draft Terms of Reference (TOR) for EIA study & Pre - Feasibility report have been submitted to the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) [Coal Mining], MoEF&CC and presentation was made before the EAC for the approval of TOR for EIA study. Draft has been prepared incorporating the Terms of Reference issued by the MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide letter No. J-11015/68/2017- IA.II (M) dated 6 th November 2017 for conduct of Public Hearing. Public Hearing was conducted on 22 nd January 2019 by Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board (CECB). Final has been prepared incorporating proceeding of Public Hearing and reply to the issues raised during the Public Hearing by management. Pioneer Enviro Laboratories & Consultants Private Limited, Hyderabad, which is accredited by NABET, Quality Council of India, vide certificate No. NABET/ EIA/ 1619/ RA 026, for conducting EIA studies for coal washery projects, have prepared Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report for the proposed Coal washery plant. 1.1

24 This report furnishes the details of location of Site, Description of the project, prevailing baseline status w.r.t Air Environment, Water Environment, Noise Environment, Land Environment, Flora & Fauna and Socio-economic environment. This report also helps in identification of environmental impacts and suggesting mitigation measures to be followed during Construction and Operation of the proposed project as a part of Environmental Management Plan. This report also acts as guidance manual for the proponent for following the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and for adopting post project Environmental Monitoring Program as per statutory norms. 1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT Identification of Project Proponent Chhattisgarh Power and Coal Beneficiation Limited (CPCBL) is a incorporated on 06 February It is classified as Non-govt company and is registered at Registrar of Companies, Chhattisgarh. Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Limited (CPCBL) has been promoted by well-established entrepreneur belongs to Bilaspur in Chhattisgarh State and already running coal washery in Bilaspur. The Company is promoted by Shri. Ramavtar Agrawal & Shri.Shikar Agrawal. Identification of Project Coal based power plants will continue to play a leading role in power generation in our country. About 70% of country s power is generated from coal-based power plants. The quality of the coal plays an important role in the environmental aspects of a power plant. The quality of Indian coal is mainly attributed to its origin. Due to drift origin of Indian coal, inorganic impurities are intimately mixed in the coal matrix, resulting in difficult beneficiation characteristics. Over 200 million tonnes of coal reach the consumers with ash content averaging 40 percent as per the CPCB report (Clean Coal Initiatives June 2000). Following ae the Grades of Coal based on GCV: Grade Gross Calorific Value (GCV Bands) (K. Cal/Kg) G 1 Exceeding 7000 G 2 Exceeding 6700 & not exceeding 7000 G 3 Exceeding 6400 & not exceeding 6700 G 4 Exceeding 6100 & not exceeding 6400 G 5 Exceeding 5800 & not exceeding

25 Grade Gross Calorific Value (GCV Bands) (K. Cal/Kg) G 6 Exceeding 5500 & not exceeding 5800 G 7 Exceeding 5200 & not exceeding 5500 G 8 Exceeding 4900 & not exceeding 5200 G 9 Exceeding 4600 & not exceeding 4900 G 10 Exceeding 4300 & not exceeding 4600 G 11 Exceeding 4000 & not exceeding 4300 G 12 Exceeding 3700 & not exceeding 4000 G 13 Exceeding 3400 & not exceeding 3700 G 14 Exceeding 3100 & not exceeding 3400 G 15 Exceeding 2800 & not exceeding 3100 G 16 Exceeding 2500 & not exceeding 2800 G 17 Exceeding 2200 & not exceeding 2500 High ash content in the coal supplied to the power pants not only poses environmental problems but also results in poor plant performance and high cost for Operation & Maintenance and ash disposal. Based on review undertaken by MoEF, use of beneficiated/blended coal containing ash not more than 34 percent in power plants was stipulated as mentioned below (Ref: GSR 560 (E) & GSR 378 (E) dated 19 th September 1997 and 30 th June 1998): Benefits of Used Washed Coal Increased generation efficiency, mainly due to the reduction in energy loss as inert material passes through the combustion process. Increased plant availability. Reduced investment costs. Reduced operation and maintenance (O&M) costs due to less wear and reduced costs for fuel and ash handling. Energy conservation in the transportation sector and lower transportation costs. Less impurities and improved coal quality. Reduced load on the air pollution control system; and Reduction in the amount of solid waste that has to be disposed off. 1.3

26 1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION NATURE OF THE PROJECT Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Limited is proposing for modernization cum expansion of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery to 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery. Existing plant is located in the acres of land and present proposal will be taken up in the existing plant premises only SIZE OF THE PROJECT Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Limited has proposed coal washery with the following capacity: S.No. Unit Existing Plant Present Proposal After Present Proposal 1 Coal Washery 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery Note: Present proposal involves removal of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery and establishing 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery in the existing plant premises by utilizing the facilities of existing plant LOCATION OF THE PROJECT The proposed modernization cum expansion of coal washery will located at Plot No. 60 A & 60 B,, Chhattisgarh. The General location map & Topographical Map are shown in Figure 1.1 & IMPORTANCE OF PROJECT At present, there is wide gap between demand and supply of washed coal in our country. MoEF&CC has made it mandatory w.e.f. 05/06/2016 to use coal with ash content not exceeding 34% in stand-alone thermal power plants located within 500 km. from the pit head. The use of washed coal, reduces the ash generation and thereby contributing for better environment in industries such as Cement, Sponge Iron, Power Plants. It is a known fact that the quality of Indian coal is poor in comparison to coal from some other countries due to higher ash content and low calorific value. It is said to be due to 1.4

27 geological reasons. Improvement in the quality of coal can be brought about through its beneficiation. It has become essential because of the MoEF&CC notifications whereby the Power Plant which are more than a 500 kms away from the pit head are require to use coal having as not exceeding 34 %. Cleaner production technologies are being used / practiced in coal washeries in India, as precombustion clean coal technology, mainly focus on cleaning of coal by reducing ash from coal. During construction period, project requirement for man power will be around 150. During operation phase, 35 persons will be direct employment in different area. About 150 persons will be indirect employment. Priority will be given to locals for Semi-Skilled and Unskilled jobs. With the implementation of the proposed project, there will be lot of scope for more industrial investments which in turn will benefit the nation. 1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The scope of work includes a detailed characterization of the environment in an area of 10 Km. radius around the periphery of the proposed project boundary for various environmental parameters like Air environment, Water environment, Noise environment, Land environment, Biological environment, Socio-economic aspects etc. The EIA Report has been prepared based on TOR issued by EAC (Coal Mining), New Delhi following the generic structure given in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report as per the EIA notification of the MoEF&CC, GoI dated 14 th September 2006 and its subsequent amendments is detailed below: Chapter No. EIA Structure 1. Introduction 2. Project Description 3. Description of the Environment 4. Anticipated Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures 5. Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site) 6. Environmental Monitoring Program 7. Additional Studies 8. Project Benefits 9. Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis 10. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) 11. Summary & Conclusion 12. Disclosure of Consultant engaged 1.5

28 1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE PROCESS (Category A Projects) 1.6

29 2 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Limited is proposing for modernization cum expansion of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery to 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone Type Coal Washery. Existing plant is located in the acres of land and present proposal will be taken up in the existing plant premises only. 2.2 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Limited is an existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery at Plot No. 60 A & 60 B, Sirgitti Industrial Growth Centre, Bilaspur Tehsil & District, Chhattisgarh. Existing plant was established prior to EIA notification 2006 & its subsequent amendments. Hence Environment Clearance is not applicable to the existing plant. Existing plant has obtained Consent to Establishment from Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board (CECB) vide letter no. 1775/TS/CECB/2004 Raipur dated 24/05/2004 and is operating with valid Consents. Now company proposes for modernization cum expansion of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery to 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery. No alternate sites have been selected, as the proposed modernization cum expansion will be taken up in the acres of existing plant premises only. No additional land will be required for the proposed expansion project. Following are the Coordinates of the plant site: Point Point # 1 Point # 2 Point # 3 Point # 4 Coordinates 22 2'59.14"N 82 7'54.24"E 22 2'56.01"N 82 7'58.88"E 22 2'48.75"N 82 7'53.76"E 22 2'52.14"N 82 7'49.13"E 2.1

30 Google map showing the plant site (1.0 Km. radius) CPCBL Plant Site 2.2

31 2.3

32 Photographs of the Project Site 2.4

33 2.2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING WITHIN 10 Km. RADIUS OF THE PROJECT SITE [TOR # ii] The following General factors have also been considered in the selection of site. a. Availability of suitable and adequate facilities. b. Availability of water. c. Availability of Transmission line. d. Availability of man power. e. Availability of infrastructural facilities. The Salient Features / environmental features within the 10 Km. radius around the project site: S.No. Description Distance w.r.t. site / Remarks 1. Type of Land (Project Site) Industrial Land (Sirgitti Industrial Growth Centre) 2. Type of Land (Study Area) As per LULC the land use within 10 Km. is as follows: 3. National Park/ Wild life sanctuary / Biosphere reserve / Tiger Reserve / Elephant Corridor / migratory routes for Birds 4. Historical places / Places of Tourist importance / Archeological sites 5. Critically Polluted area (as per MoEF&CC Office Memorandum dated 13 th January 2010) Settlements 8.1 %; Industrial Area 2.7 %; Tank / River etc. 7.3 %; Single crop 52.4 %; Double Crop 7.6 %; Plantation 1.6%; Land with scrub 7.9 %; Land without scrub 8.4 %; Mining Area 3.1; Others 0.9% None None None 6. Defence Installations None 7. Nearest village Abhilasha Awasiya Parisar Colony exists near the project site. (20 m from project site) 8. No. of Villages in the Study Area Nearest Hospital Sirgitti Village 1.5 Kms. (E) 10. Nearest School Sirgitti Village 1.5 Kms.(E) 11. Forests None 12. Water body Arpa River (5.0 Kms.) & Gokena Nallah (0.5 Kms.), No River / Stream passes through the project site. 13. Nearest Highway NH # Kms. (by Road) 14. Nearest Railway station Dhadhapara Railway Station 5.0 Kms. (By Road) 15. Nearest Port facility None 16. Nearest Airport Bilaspur (Chakarbhata) Airstrip (5.8 Kms.) 2.5

34 S.No. Description Distance w.r.t. site / Remarks 17. Nearest Interstate Boundary No interstate boundary within 10 Km radius of the project site. 18. Seismic zone as per IS-1893 Seismic zone II 19. R & R There is no rehabilitation and resettlement issue, as there are no habitations present in the site area. 20. Litigation / court case is pending against the proposed project / proposed site and or any direction passed by the court None of law against the project 21. List of industries (Major) & Mines present within 10 Km radius of the project site M/s. Maheshwari Coal Benefication & Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd. M/s. Geetanjali Ispat & Power Pvt. Ltd. M/s. Shakun Sponge Iron Pvt. Ltd. M/s. Abha Power & Steel Pvt. Ltd. are present within 10 Km. radius of the project site. 2.6

35 2.7

36 Plant Site 2.8

37 2.3 DETAILS OF LAND Existing plant is located at Plot No. 60 A & 60 B, Sirgitti Industrial Growth Centre, Bilaspur Tehsil & District, Chhattisgarh. Existing plant is located in acres of land and present proposal of modernization cum expansion of coal washery will be taken up in the existing plant only. Kindly refer to Annexure - 13 for documents related to land ownership. The following is the land use classification: S.No. Type of Land Area (in Acres) Area (in Ha.) 1. Private Land Nil Nil 2. Govt. Land Nil Nil 3. Industrial Land Forest Land Nil Nil Total Following is the land use statement: S.No. Description Area (in Acres) Area (in Ha.) 1. Plant Area Raw Coal Storage Yard Washed Coal Storage Yard Rejects storage Green belt area Internal Road Parking Water reservoir & RWH TOTAL The following is the Pie Diagram showing land use of plant area: 2.9

38 TOR # v 2.10

39 2.4 SIZE / MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Limited has proposed coal washery with the following capacity: S.No. Unit Existing Plant Present Proposal After Present Proposal 1 Coal Washery 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery Note: Present proposal involves removal of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery and establishing 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery in the existing plant premises by utilizing the facilities of existing plant. The plant will be operated for a maximum of 300 days in a year. The coal washing plant of 2.0 MTPA of Raw Coal throughput will have the following parameters: Capacity : 450 TPH No. of operating hours in a year : 300 days No. of operating hours in a day : 18 hours three shift operation short maintenance Plant Utilization : 85% Annual throughput : 450 x 18 x 300 x 0.85 = Say 2.0 MTPA 2.5 PROJECT COST The project cost envisaged for the proposed project is Rs Crores. 2.6 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION The proposed project will be implemented in 12 months from the date of issue of Environmental Clearance and NOC from CECB. 2.11

40 2.7 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION [TOR # v] RAW MATERIAL (SOURCE OF COAL) The following will be the raw material requirement for proposed project S.No. Raw Material Quantity (MTPA) Source 1. Raw Coal 2.0 Coal will be sourced from SECL mines Dipka, Gevra, Kusmunda and other mines. [on DO basis] RAW MATERIAL STORAGE & TRANSPORT STORAGE OF RAW COAL, WASHED COAL & WASHERY REJECTS Coal stock yard (Raw coal, Washed coal & Washery rejects) will be kept in Storage bunkers with pucca platform above ground level provided with wind shields / wind breaking walls. Garland drains will be provided all-round the storage yard. The runoff water from the yard will enter into garland drain and will be collected in settling tank. The supernatant will be utilised for plantation development. MODE OF TRANSPORTATION The ROM coal from SECL mines mainly from Chal / Kusmunda / Dipka / Gevra and other mines will be transported by Road / Rail. Washed coal from the plant will be transported by road in covered trucks directly to the customer (or) by road upto nearest railway station (Dadhapara RS 5.0 Kms. by Road) and from there by rail to the customer. Washery rejects from the plant will be transported by road in covered trucks directly to the customer (or) by road upto nearest railway station (Dadhapara 5.0 Kms. by Road) and from there by rail to the customer Washed coal from the plant will be transported by Rail / road in covered trucks directly to the customer. The mode of transport of washed coal will depend on the MoU with the customers who may have either road transport or rail transport. All the trucks used for transportation of raw coal, washed coal, rejects will be covered. 2.12

41 Total nos. of trucks required for the transportation of Raw material and product will be 30 per hour. Pucca road exist upto the site. The existing road is capable of absorbing this additional truck movement. List of customer to whom washed coal will be given are: S.No. Name of Company Washed Coal Requirement (MTPA) 1. M/s. Ultratech Cement Limited 2.0 (Rawan Cement Works) Rawan Village, Baloda Bazaar Bhatapara District 2. M/s. Ambuja Cement Limited 3. M/s. Nuvoco Vistas Corp. Ltd. (formerly Lafarge India Limited) Arasmeta Cement Plant, Sonadih Cement, Jojobera Cement Plant Total 2.0 Copy of Letter of Interest with above company is enclosed as ANNEXURE MANUFACTURING PROCESS (PROCESS OF COAL WASHERY) FLUIDISE BED CLASSIFER TECHNOLOGY (Existing Plant Technology) Existing plant is 1.25 MTPA capacity coal washery based on Fluidise Bed Classifer technology. Following is principle Fluidise Bed Classifier technology: Particle separation with respect to size is investigated using water classifier based on a fluidized bed principle. The apparatus consists of a vertical cylindrical chamber, conveying upward flowing water. A fluidized bed is formed by solid particles loaded onto an water distributor, placed in the lower part of the a classifier. This promotes increasing of the particles' residence time in the separation zone, thus raising the separation efficiency. 2.13

42 Following are limitation of Fluidise Bed Classifer technology: The results show that the in fluidized bed water classifier it is possible to regulate easily the cut size and to obtain the separation products of 65-70% cleanness only. A fluidized bed classifier separation of particles are based on Gravity. A fluidized bed classifier efficiency is limited. In fluidized bed classifier Density of water is Constant so that we cannot separate particles in desired way. In fluidized bed classifier Slurry process cannot be possible. Fluidized bed classifier can be operated for limited coal grade only. Following is the Characteristics of Raw Coal, Clean Coal & Reject Coal obtained with above technology: S.No. Particulars Raw Coal Clean Coal Reject Coal 1 GCV (Kcal / Kg) Ash (%) Volatile Matter (%) Fixed Carbon (%) Yield (%) Sulphur (%)

43 Process Flow Diagram of Coal washery (Existing - Fluidise Bed Classifer technology) 2.15

44 HEAVY MEDIA CYCLONE (Proposed Technology) Principal Of Heavy Media Cyclone Heavy Media Cyclones are designed specifically to clean coal and minerals. The cyclone is a piece of equipment which utilizes fluid pressure energy to create rotational fluid motion This rotational motion causes relative movement of the materials suspended in the fluid, thus permitting separation of these materials from one another. The rotational motion of the fluid is produced by tangential injection of the fluid into the cyclone. A gravimetric separation takes place due to the buoyancy effect of the media forcing the lighter solids to the center of the cyclone where they are transported upward and through the vortex finder. The dense mineral matter spirals toward the apex and through that orifice. The separation process that occurs inside a cyclone is thought to be driven by the centrifugal force acting radially outward and an inwardly acting drag force. The centrifugal force developed inside the cyclone accelerates the settling rate of the particles, thereby separating them according to specific gravity in the medium. Thus the more dense material is flung to the outer wall of the cyclone where the settling velocity is at its lowest and progresses downwards along the cyclone wall in a spiral flow pattern until it exits at the spigot in an umbrella shaped spray. At the spigot, a reverse vortex begins to form creating a low pressure zone (generally referred to as the air core) flowing upwards along the axis of the cyclone, through the vortex finder and exits at the overflow. The less dense material, due to the action of the drag force, settles more slowly. This material is captured in the upward flow of the reverse vortex and exits through the overflow. The medium density at which the separation between more dense and less dense material occurs is called the cut point density. Invariably, there often is a percentage of the feed coal distribution which gets trapped in an envelope of zero velocity inside the cyclone where the centrifugal force equals the drag force. Such material has an equal chance of reporting either to the overflow or the underflow and is often termed near density material. 2.16

45 The proposed washery is Heavy media Cyclone type of coal washery, the entire process and operations to be carried out at the unit are described in brief as follows: Raw Coal Receipt and Handling Arrangement Raw coal in the size range 200-0mm, from the mines will be received by wagons at nearby railway siding. The stock pile will have a self flowing capacity of tons. In addition arrangements for stocking of raw coal to an extent of 500 tons on the ground (close to the stock pile) will also be provided. A Payloader will be used for reclamation of coal from ground stock. Mechanical vibratory feeders will be provided for reclamation of coal from the stock pile for feeding to the Reclaim conveyor; which will carry the coal to the screen cum crusher house. The reclaim conveyor will feed the coal to a vibratory screen for screening the coal at 50mm. The mm coal will then be fed to a 1200 mm wide picking conveyer for picking/removing the shales/ stones which will be disposed off by trucks. The mm coal form the picking conveyor, after removal of stones, will then be fed to a double roll crusher down to- 50mm. The crushed coal from the crusher and the 50-0mm undersize coal from the vibratory screen will be carried by belt conveyor to supply the coal to the washery. Washing Section The washery feed conveyor carrying crushed coal (50-0mm) will discharge on to a de-sliming vibrating screen for wet-removal of coal below 0.63mm. The over flow of this screen will be sent to a mixing box where the coal gets mixed with the magnetite medium of required specific gravity. The coal plus magnetite from the mixing box will be pumped to the Heavy Media Cyclone by a centrifugal pump. The HM Cyclones will separate washed/clean coal and rejects by density. The over flow (Clean coal) form the HM cyclone will be fed to a Draining and Rinsing horizontal vibrating screen for initial dewatering and for removal/recovery of magnetite. The overflow of this D & R screen will then be fed to a Vibrating Basket Centrifuge for further / final dewatering of clean coal. The underflow of the HM cyclones (rejects) will be fed to a Draining and Rinsing horizontal vibrating screen for dewatering and removal of media. The magnetite with correct density, from the D & R screens for clean and rejects will be fed to the Correct/Heavy media sump from where it will be pumped for reuse. The dilute 2.17

46 media from the D & R screen will be fed to the dilute media sump from where it will be pumped to a magnetic separator to recover the magnetite. The effluent generated after recovery of magnetite from the magnetic separator will be pumped to a thickener to recover process water and to thicken the slurry. The underflow forms the desliming screens and the under flow form the thickener will be charged/transported hydraulically to a tailings/slime pond from natural drying. The clear water form this pond will be pumped back to the system for reuse. The naturally dried material will be disposed of manually. It is proposed to use powdered magnetite as media which will be added by manual process. Advantages of HM Cyclone type of washery HM Cyclone gives efficiency of 75-80% cleanness. HM Cyclone can be operated for any grade of coal. The process can handle wide variation in capacity. Specific gravity of separation can be adjusted very easily. Quantity of water required is much less compared to other wet process. Operation and maintenance is very easy. Most suitable for coal having difficult washability characteristics. Insensitive to variations in feed rate and / or characteristics. Wide range of separating gravity. Indian coal is of drift origin (unlike European, Australian or American coal which are of In situ origin), hence have very high Near Gravity Material (NGM). Present of high NGM (more than 20 units) in ROM coal, makes the washing of coal very difficult. Hence, selection of suitable washing process is a paramount importance for Indian coal. Bird s classification of NGM with suitable washing process is indicated below: NGM Remarks Process 0-7 Easy washing Jig 7-10 Moderately difficult washing Baths, Tables, Spirals Difficult washing HM Cyclone Very Difficult washing HM Cyclone Exceedingly Difficult washing HM Cyclone > 25 Formidable HM Cyclone 2.18

47 From the above table, it is clear that HM cyclone process is the only suitable process for treating high NGM Indian coal. Characteristics of Raw Coal, Clean Coal & Reject Coal (Proposed -Heavy Media Cyclone) S.No. Particulars Raw Coal Clean Coal Reject Coal 1 GCV (Kcal / Kg) Ash (%) Volatile Matter (%) Fixed Carbon (%) Yield (%) Sulphur (%)

48 Process Flow Diagram of Coal washery (Proposed Heavy Media Cyclone) 2.20

49 2.7.4 COMPARISON OF FLUIDISE BED CLASSIFER TYPE & HEAVY MEDIA CYCLONE TYPE COAL WASHERY FLUIDISE BED CLASSIFIER TYPE COAL WASHERY HEAVY MEDIA CYCLONE TYPE COAL WASHERY In Fluidized bed water classifier, we can obtain the separation products of 65-70% cleanness. A fluidized bed classifier separation of particles are based on Gravity. In fluidized bed classifier Density of water is Constant so that we cannot separate particles in desired way. A fluidized bed classifier efficiency is limited. In fluidized bed classifier Slurry process cannot be possible. In Heavy Media Cyclone, we can obtain the separation products of 75-80% cleanness. In Heavy Media Cyclone we can get more efficiency through maintaining of Media Gravity by Magnetite Charging. In Heavy Media Cyclone, centrifugal force acting radially outward and an inwardly acting drag force. And coal is separated by centrifugal force. In Heavy Media Cyclone efficiency is more. We can able to process slurry by Classifying Cyclone and Hi-frequency Screen. Fluidized bed classifier can be operated only on limited grade of coal. Heavy Media Cyclone can be operated on any grade of coal. In view of the above, it is decided to go for change in technology from Fluidise Bed Classifer Type & Heavy Media Cyclone Type Coal Washery MATERIAL BALANCE INPUTS OUTPUTS S.No. Item Quantity (TPA) Item Quantity (TPA) 1 Raw Coal 20,00,000 Washed Coal 16,00,000 2 Washery Rejects 4,00,000 Total 20,00,000 Total 20,00, ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION MEASURES [TOR # vi] AIR EMISSION CONTROL Water will be sprayed at all strategic coal transfer points such as conveyors, loading unloading points etc. Conveyors, transfer points etc. will be provided with enclosures. The crusher of the coal washery will be provided with enclosures, fitted with Dust extraction system followed by Bag filters and finally emitted through a stack. 2.21

50 Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzles arrangement will be provided on the coal heaps and on land around the crushers. Internal roads will be asphalted. Green belt will be developed along the road side, coal handling plant, all around the boundary line of the coal washery. Storage bunkers, hoppers, rubber decks in chutes and centrifugal chutes will be provided with proper rubber linings. Vehicles movement in the coal washery area will be regulated effectively to avoid traffic congestion. High pressure horn will be prohibited. Smoke emission from heavy duty vehicle operating in the coal washery will be according to the standards prescribed under Motor Vehicle Rules All the CREP recommendations will be followed WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT Closed loop water system will be implemented in coal washery. Hence there will not be any waste water discharge from process and cooling. As it is proposed to install Heavy media-based Coal Washery, in which water after washing of coal (waste water) will be recycled back. The efficiency of settling pond of the waste water system will be 95 %. Sanitary waste will be treated in septic tank followed by subsurface dispersion. The wastewater from the plant will lead to the thickener and due to flocculants will help in settlement of suspended solids will give a clearer overflow. The settled solids will be collected at the bottom cone of the thickener tank. The solids which are collected in the bottom of the thickener will be pumped to the settling ponds for reclamation of water. The solid dried cake will be blended with rejects. The overflow of the thickener which is clear water will be recycled. The proposed plant is based on zero liquid effluent discharge plant and the process selected ensures minimum generation of dust. All the MoEF&CC norms/crep recommendations for coal washeries will be implemented in the proposed project. 2.22

51 2.8.3 NOISE MANAGEMENT The major noise levels will be confined to the working zones of the plant. Acoustic enclosures will be provided, wherever required to reduce noise levels. High noise horn will be prohibited. Ear plugs will be provided to all employees who will enter into the noise prone areas. Extensive greenbelt proposed will help in attenuating the noise levels. Workers will be subjected to general health check up as required under the Factories Act SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT Hazardous waste in the form of used batteries and waste oil from standby DG Set will be properly stored and sold to authorized vendors. Washery rejects will be generated from the proposed coal washery unit. Washery rejects of 0.4 MTPA will be given to Power plants of M/s. Ambuja Cement Limited and M/s. Nuvoco Vistas Corp. Ltd. (formerly Lafarge India Limited) Arasmeta Cement Plant, Sonadih Cement, Jojobera Cement Plant. Copy of Letter of Interest for washery rejects is enclosed as Annexure Hence there will not be any adverse impact on land environment due to the solid waste generation GREENBELT DEVLOPMENT 10 m to 20 m wide greenbelt around the plant developed around the plant. 3.7 acres of land is earmarked for total greenbelt INTERNAL ROADS All Internal roads will be asphalted to prevent the fugitive dust emission due to vehicular movement. 2.9 ASSESSMENT OF NEW & UNTESTED TECHNOLOGY FOR THE RISK OF TECHNOLOGICAL FAILURE Coal washery technologies (are well proven all over the world. Hence there will not be any risk of technological failure from this plant. 2.23

52 3 CHAPTER 3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS) 3.1 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS [TOR # vi & viii] This chapter gives an idea and description of environmental status of the study area with reference to the prominent environmental attributes. The main objective of describing the environment is to assess present environmental quality & the environmental impacts. The study area 10 Km. radius of the plant site falls is covered in Survey of India Toposheet No. 64 J/4 and partially in 64 K/1. The impact identification always commences with the collection of baseline data such as ambient air quality, ground water quality, surface water quality, noise levels, land environment, land use pattern, flora & fauna and socio economic aspects with in the study zone of 10 Km. radius during October 2017 to December AIR ENVIRONMENT METEOROLOGY Meteorology of the study area plays an important role in the air pollution studies. The prevailing micro meteorological conditions at the site will regulate the dispersion and dilution of air pollutants in the atmosphere. The predominant wind directions and the wind speed will decide the direction and distance of the most affected zone from the proposed activity. The meteorological data collected during the monitoring period is very useful in interpretation of baseline as input for dispersion models for predicting the Ground Level Concentrations (GLC) METEOROLOGICAL DATA RECORDED AT PLANT SITE A Temporary Weather Monitoring Station was installed at the project site and temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, rainfall, etc. were recorded for one season October 2017 to December

53 Rainfall The average annual rainfall is 1330 mm. Temperature The maximum temperature recorded was 35 0 C and the minimum temperature was 13 0 C at the project site. Relative Humidity The relative humidity s he site at are ranging from 35% to 65% Wind Pattern at Project Site during the study period Wind rose from the nearest IMD Raipur, Chhattisgarh has been collected. Weather monitoring station was established at site to collect micro meteorological data. Wind speed and direction were recorded at site every hour. The wind rose shows that winds are predominantly blowing from NE to SW direction. The wind rose diagram of summer season is shown in fig

54 3.3

55 3.2.3 AIR QUALITY The ambient air quality with respect to the study zone of 10 km. radius around the project site forms the baseline information. The study area represents mostly rural environment. The various sources of air pollution in the region are vehicular traffic, dust arising from unpaved village roads & domestic fuel burning. The Prime objective of baseline air quality survey is to assess the existing air quality of the area. This will also be useful is assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient air quality during the operation of the proposed project SELECTION OF SAMPLING STATIONS The base line status of the ambient air quality can be assessed through scientifically designed Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Network. The selection of sampling locations in the air quality surveillance programme is based on the following: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Representation of the project site. Representation of down wind direction. Representation of upwind direction. Representation of cross wind direction. Representation of Industrial area. Representation of sensitive receptors. 8 nos. of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations were established with in the study zone of the plant area in accordance with CPCB guidelines. The sampling locations and their distances are shown in Table and in Fig 3.2. The Max., Min., and 98 th percentile values for all the sampling locations for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOX and CO are shown in Table to PARAMETERS MONITORED Ambient air quality was monitored for 2 days in a week for three months (October 2017 to December 2017) to assess the existing status of air pollution and pollution dispersion pattern over the whole air basin of plant as per the National Ambient Air Quality Standards vide No. S. No. 826 (E) dated 16 th November, At each Monitoring Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Particulate Matter (PM10), SO2, NOX & CO are monitored. 3.4

56 SAMPLING & ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES INSTRUMENTS USED FOR SAMPLING APM 550 dust sampler is used for monitoring PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx. CO analyzer is used to monitor CO. PM10 & PM2.5 are estimated by Gravimetric method, EPA Modified West & Gaeke method (IS 5182, part III 1969) has been adopted for estimation of SO2, Arsenite modified Jacob Hochheiser method (IS 5182, part IV, 1975) has been adopted for estimation of NOx. Calibration Calibration charts have been prepared for all gaseous pollutants. The Calibration is carried out when new absorbing solutions are prepared. TABLE TECHNIQUES USED FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING S.No Parameter Technique Minimum Detectable Limit ( g /m 3 ) 1. Particulate Matter APM 550 dust sampler 5.0 (PM2.5) (Gravimetric Method) 2. Particulate Matter Respirable Dust Sampler 5.0 (PM10) (Gravimetric Method) 3. SO2 EPA Modified West & Gaeke method NOx Arsenite modified Jacob & Hochheiser CO Non Dispersive Infra Red (NDIR) Spectroscopy -- S.No. STATION DIRECTION w.r.t. Plant Site TABLE AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS DISTANCE (in Kms.) w.r.t. plant Site CRITERIA FOR SELECTION 1. Plant site Represents the Project Site 2. Abhilasha Awasiya NE Adjacent to the Plant (20 m) Represents nearest habitation and Upwind direction Parisar 3. Parsada SW 1.0 Represents Downwind direction 4. Nawapara SW 5.5 Represents downwind direction & near to NH # Chichirda W 5.0 Represents Residential Area & Crosswind direction 6. Tiphra N 1.4 Represents Residential Area 7. Bilaspur NE 3.2 Represents Densely Populated Area & Upwind direction 8. Sirgitti E 2.0 Represents Crosswind direction 9. Hardi SE 6.0 Represents Crosswind area & near Silpahari IDA 3.5

57 AAQ Monitoring Stations Monitoring Station Tiphra Bilaspur Chichirda Abhilasha Awasiya Parisar Plant Site Parsada Sirgitti Nawapara Hardi 2.6

58 TABLE Sampling Location: Plant Site Sampling Period: Oct to Dec Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile Standard as per NAAQS PM PM SO NOX CO TABLE Sampling Location: Abhilasha Awasiya Parisar Sampling Period: Oct to Dec Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile Standard as per NAAQS PM PM SO NOX CO TABLE Sampling Location: Prasada Sampling Period: Oct to Dec Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile Standard as per NAAQS PM PM SO NOX CO TABLE Sampling Location: Nawapara Sampling Period: Oct to Dec Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile Standard as per NAAQS PM PM SO NOX CO

59 TABLE Sampling Location: Chichirda Sampling Period: Oct to Dec Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile Standard as per NAAQS PM PM SO NOX CO TABLE Sampling Location: Tiphra Sampling Period: Oct to Dec Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile Standard as per NAAQS PM PM SO NOX CO TABLE Sampling Location: Bilaspur Sampling Period: Oct to Dec Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile Standard as per NAAQS PM PM SO NOX CO TABLE Sampling Location: Sirgitti Sampling Period: Oct to Dec Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile Standard as per NAAQS PM PM SO NOX CO

60 TABLE Sampling Period: Oct to Dec Sampling Location: Hardi Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile Standard as per NAAQS PM PM SO NOX CO

61 3.10

62 The 98 th percentile PM2.5 concentration recorded at the Plant site is 45.4 g /m 3. The 98 th percentile PM10 concentration recorded at the Plant site is 75.6 g /m 3. The 98 th percentile SO2 concentrations recorded at the Plant site are 24.2 g/m 3 The 98 th percentile NOx concentrations recorded at the Plant site are 23.5 g/m 3 The 98 th percentile CO concentration recorded at the Plant site is 1450 g /m 3. The highest PM2.5 concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of 45.4 g/m 3. The highest PM10 concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of 75.6 g/m 3. The highest SO2 concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of 24.2 g/m 3. The highest NOx concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of 23.5 g/m 3. The highest CO concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of 1450 g/m NOISE ENVIRONMENT The physical description of sound concerns its loudness as a function of frequency. Noise in general is sound, which is composed of many frequency components of various loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. Various noise scales have been introduced to describe, in a single number, the response of an average human being to a complex sound made up various frequencies at different loudness levels. The most common and heavily favoured of those scales is the A weighted decibel (dba). This is more suitable for audible range of 20 to 20,000 Hertz. The scale has been designed to weigh various components of noise according to the response of a human ear. The impact of noise sources on surrounding community depends on Characteristics of noise sources (instantaneous, intermittent or continuous in nature). It is well known that steady noise not as annoying as one that is continuously varying in loudness. The time, at which noise occurs, for example loud noise levels at night in residential areas are not acceptable because of sleep disturbance. The location of the noise source, with respect to noise sensitive area, which determines the loudness and period of noise exposure. The environmental impact of noise can have several effects varying from Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) to annoyance depending on loudness of Noise levels. 3.11

63 The environmental impact assessment of noise from the proposed project can be carried out by taking into consideration of various factors: potential damage to hearing, potential physiological responses, and annoyance and general community responses. The main objective of noise level monitoring is to assess the background noise levels in different zones viz., industrial, commercial, residential and silence zones within the study area. The basic studies conducted were a. Assessment of background noise levels. b. Identification and monitoring the major noise generating sources in the study area. c. Impact of noise on general population in the study zone of 10 Km. radius RECONNAISSANCE Noise levels were measured at different locations within 10 Km. radius of the plant such as villages, bus stands etc BACKGROUND NOISE Baseline noise data has been measured at different locations using A-weighted sound pressure level meter. The equivalent day-night noise levels in the study zone are ranging from 43.3 dba to 66.9 dba SOURCES OF NOISE Typical considerations in environmental noise assessment can be divided into two categories; one is related to noise sources and the other related to potential receiver. Two quantities are needed to describe completely the strength of the source. They are sound Power level and directivity. Sound Power levels measures the total sound Power radiated by the source in all directions where as directivity is a measure of difference in radiation with direction. This concept of sound Power level and directivity index makes it possible to calculate the sound pressure level created by the source COMMUNITY NOISE The ambient noise level is characterized by significant variations above a base or a residual noise level. The residual noise level is that level below which the ambient noise does not seem 3.12

64 to drop during a given time interval and is generally caused by the unidentified distant sources. It differs in rural and urban areas. At night, its level is low due to lesser elements of noise. The annoyance that people experience depends upon the number of noise elements that produce noise concurrently at a given time that occur during a time interval. The noise rating developed by EPA for specification of community noise from all sources is the day night sound level, Ldn. It is similar to a 24 hour equivalent sound level except that during the night period, which extends from p.m. to 6.00 a.m. A 10 dba weighing penalty is added to the account for the fact that noise at night when people are trying to sleep is judged more annoying than the same noise during the day time. The Ldn for a given location in a community is calculated from an hourly equivalent sound level given by the following equation. Ldn =10 log (1/24 [15 (10 (Ld/10) + 9 (10 (Ln+10)/10 )] ) Where Ld is the equivalent noise level during day time (6A.M. to 9 P.M.) Ln is the equivalent noise level during night time (9 P.M. to 6 A.M.) OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE To assess the magnitude of impact due to noise sources, it is essential to know the following: a. The duration of sound. b. Distribution through the working day. c. Overall noise levels. d. It's composition including frequency and intensity at various intervals of time. Other factors regarding receiver include a. The age of the individual. b. The sensitivity of the individual. c. The efficiency of the protective devices used. After characterizing the noise sources noise at receiver's location, the impact must be assessed. The environmental impact of noise can lead to the following effects. a. Damages the hearing capacity. b. Interference in communication. c. Interference with work. d. Interference with sleep. 3.13

65 e. Causes annoyance METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR NOISE LEVEL OBSERVATION For measurement of Ambient Noise level in the Study area, a Digital Sound Level Meter (Make & Model: Lutron SL-4001) was used. The instrument was calibrated with a Standard Acoustic calibrator before using in the field. The measurements were carried out continuously for the 24-hour period to obtain hourly equivalent sound pressure level, 1 hour Leq. From these values, day and night time as well as 24-hour Leq values were also calculated. The Leq is the equivalent continuous sound level, which is equivalent to the same sound energy as the fluctuating sound measured in the same period. Guidance for assessment of representativeness and reliability of baseline environmental attributes Attributes & Sampling Measurement Noise Network Frequency Method Hourly equivalent noise levels Hourly equivalent noise levels Hourly equivalent noise levels Identified study area In plant (1.5 m from machinery) Highways Once in each season Instrument : Noise level meter Once Instrument : Noise level meter Once in each season Instrument : Noise level meter Remarks IS: as adopted by CPCB CPCB/OSHA CPCB/IS: NOISE LEVEL OBSERVATIONS IN THE STUDY AREA Baseline noise levels have been monitored at different locations within the study zone of the plant. 6 nos. of stations have been selected for measurement of noise levels and their distances with respect to site are shown in Table S.No STATION DIRECTION w.r.t. Project Site TABLE NOISE LEVEL MONITORING STATIONS DISTANCE (in Kms.) w.r.t. Project Site CRITERIA FOR SELECTION 1. Plant Site Represents the Plant Site (Industrial area) 2. Abhilasha Awasiya Parisar NE Adjacent to the Plant (20 m) Represents nearest habitation and Upwind direction 3. Prasada SW 1.0 Represents nearest habitation area 3.14

66 4. Mendra NW 5.7 Represents Residential Area 5. Nawapara SW 5.5 Represents Residential area proximity to NH # Chirchirda W 5.0 Represents Residential Area 7. Bilaspur NE 3.2 Represents Commercial area 8. Sirgitti E 2.0 Represents Residential area 9. Tiphra (Near School) N 1.4 Represents Silence zone (School) TABLE EQUIVALENT DAY NIGHT NOISE LEVELS S.No. LOCATION EQUIVALENT NOISE LEVELS (dba) Standard DAY NIGHT DAY-NIGHT 1. Plant Site * Abhilasha Awasiya Parisar Prasada Mendra Nawapara Chirchirda Bilaspur # Sirgitti Tiphra ** (Near School) *Industrial Zone Day time 75 dba Night time 70 dba Residential Zone Day time 55 dba Night time 45 dba # Commercial Zone Day time 65 dba Night time 55 dba ** Silence zone Daytime 50 dba Night time 40 dba *The noise levels monitored near Industrial Activity (i.e. Plant site) are within the norms prescribed for Industrial Zone. ** The noise levels monitored at Sensitive areas (i.e. Tiphra) is within the norms prescribed for Silence Zone. # The noise levels monitored at Commercial Areas (i.e. Bilaspur) is within the norms prescribed for Commercial Zone The noise levels monitored at all residential areas are within the norms prescribed for Residential Zone. 3.15

67 Noise Levels Monitoring Stations Monitoring Station Mendra Tiphra Bilaspur Chirchirda Abhilasha Awasiya Parisar Plant Site Parsada Sirgitti Nawapara 2.16

68 3.4 WATER QUALITY IMPACTS SURFACE WATER QUALITY Arpa River (5.0 Kms.) & Gokena Nallah (0.5 Kms.) are flowing at distance of 5.0 Kms. & 0.5 Kms. from the plant site. 2 samples from Arpa River & 1 (one) sample from Gokena Nallah has been collected. No other samples have been collected as there is no availability of water in the seasonal streams. Surface water samples have been collected and analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters. The following are the analysis results as per the standards of BIS :2296. The analysis is furnished in Table No & TABLE NO SURFACE WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS Station: Arpa River (SW1 & SW2) Month: December 2017 S.NO. PARAMETER UNIT SW1 (Upstream) SW2 (Downstream) Standard as per BIS : 2296 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1. Colour ph Turbidity NTU Electrical Conductivity ms/cm Total Dissolved Solids mg/l Dissolved Oxygen mg/l CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS 7. Total Hardness mg/l Calcium Hardness ( as Ca) mg/l Magnesium Hardness (as Mg) mg/l Alkalinity mg/l Sulphates mg/l Chlorides mg/l Nitrates as NO3 mg/l Fluoride as F mg/l Sodium as Na mg/l COD mg/l Residual chlorine mg/l <0.01 < Cyanides as CN - mg/l <0.01 < Phenols as C6H5OH mg/l Absent Absent Hexavalent chromium as Cr mg/l <0.01 < Iron as Fe mg/l Copper as Cu mg/l <0.01 < Arsenic as As mg/l <0.01 < Selenium mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Cadmium as cd mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Boron as B mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <

69 27. Mercury as Mg mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Lead as Pb mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Silica as SiO2 mg/l Mineral oil mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Total coliforms (MPN/100 ml) TABLE NO SURFACE WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS Station: Gokena Nallah (SW3) Month: December 2017 S.NO. PARAMETER UNIT SW3 Standard as per BIS : 2296 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1. Colour ph Turbidity NTU Electrical Conductivity ms/cm Total Dissolved Solids mg/l Dissolved Oxygen mg/l CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS 7. Total Hardness mg/l Calcium Hardness ( as Ca) mg/l Magnesium Hardness (as Mg) mg/l Alkalinity mg/l Sulphates mg/l Chlorides mg/l Nitrates as NO3 mg/l Fluoride as F mg/l Sodium as Na mg/l COD mg/l Residual chlorine mg/l < Cyanides as CN - mg/l < Phenols as C6H5OH mg/l Absent Hexavalent chromium as Cr mg/l < Iron as Fe mg/l Copper as Cu mg/l < Arsenic as As mg/l < Selenium mg/l <0.01 < Cadmium as cd mg/l <0.01 < Boron as B mg/l <0.01 < Mercury as Mg mg/l <0.001 < Lead as Pb mg/l <0.01 < Silica as SiO2 mg/l Mineral oil mg/l <0.01 < Total coliforms (MPN/100 ml)

70 3.4.2 GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS The ground water samples have been collected and analyzed for various parameters like ph, Suspended Solids, Total Dissolved Solids, Temperature, Total Hardness, Calcium Hardness, Magnesium hardness, Alkalinity, Fluoride, Chloride, Sulphates, Nitrates, Phenolic compounds, Heavy metals etc. and is compared with the standards to know the water quality. Selection of sampling locations will be generally done based on the following factors: Representation of project site. Topography Industrial Areas Residential areas Agricultural Activity Eight (8) numbers of ground water samples from bore wells were collected from the nearby villages to assess ground water quality impacts. The ground water sampling locations and their distances from the project site are shown in Table These water samples are analyzed for various parameters as per IS: The ground water characteristics were shown in table Nos to The Ground water sampling stations are shown in Fig There is no contamination of the ground water. No heavy metals are present in ground water. TABLE GROUND WATER QUALITY SAMPLING STATIONS S.No STATION DIRECTION DISTANCE CRITERIA FOR SELECTION (in Kms.) 1. Plant Site Representing the plant site (Industrial area) 2. Prasada SW 1.0 Representing nearest Residential Area 3. Ghuru NW 3.8 Borewell sample selected based on topography (upstream) 4. Nagpura SE 2.6 Represents downstream direction & agricultural field 5. Saida NW 5.8 Borewell sample representing Habitation 6. Bilaspur NE 3.2 Represents Urban area 7. Sirgitti E 2.0 Borewell sample selected based on topography (downstream) 8. Achanakpur SW 5.5 Borewell sample representing Habitation (near NH # 130) 3.19

71 GW Quality Sampling Stations Sampling Station Ghuru Saida Bilaspur Plant Site Sirgitti Parsada Nagpura Achanakpur 2.20

72 TABLE GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS Sampling Location: Plant site Month: December 2017 S.NO. PARAMETER Standard as per UNIT SAMPLE IS: Desirable limit (Permissible limit) PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1. Colour 5 (25) Hazen 4 2. Odour U/O --- U/O 3. ph Turbidity 5 (10) NTU Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 354 CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS 7. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l < Cyanides as CN (0.05) mg/l < Phenols as C6H5OH (0.002) mg/l Absent 19. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l < Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l < Mercury as Hg (0.001) mg/l < Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) Mg/l < Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) Mg/l < Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent U/O Unobjectionable 3.21

73 TABLE GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS Sampling Location: Parsada Month: December 2017 S.NO. PARAMETER Standard as per UNIT SAMPLE IS: Desirable limit (Permissible limit) PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1. Colour 5 (25) Hazen Odour U/O -- U/O 3. ph Turbidity 5 (10) NTU Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 359 CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS 7. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l < Cyanides as CN (0.05) mg/l < Phenols as C6H5OH (0.002) mg/l Absent 19. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l < Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l < Mercury as Hg (0.001) mg/l < Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) mg/l < Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) mg/l < Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent U/O Unobjectionable 3.22

74 TABLE GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS Sampling Location: Ghuru Month: December 2017 S.NO. PARAMETER Standard as per UNIT SAMPLE IS: Desirable limit (Permissible limit) PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1. Colour 5 (25) Hazen Odour U/O --- U/O 3. ph Turbidity 5 (10) NTU Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 331 CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS 7. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l < Cyanides as CN (0.05) mg/l < Phenols as C6H5OH (0.002) mg/l Absent 19. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l < Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l < Mercury as Hg (0.001) mg/l < Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) mg/l < Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) mg/l < Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent U/O Unobjectionable 3.23

75 TABLE GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS Sampling Location: Nagpura Month: December 2017 S.NO. PARAMETER Standard as per UNIT SAMPLE IS: Desirable limit (Permissible limit) PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1. Colour 5 (25) Hazen Odour U/O --- U/O 3. ph Turbidity 5 (10) NTU Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 447 CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS 7. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l < Cyanides as CN (0.05) mg/l < Phenols as C6H5OH (0.002) mg/l Absent 19. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l < Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l < Mercury as Hg (0.001) mg/l < Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) mg/l < Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) mg/l < Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent U/O Unobjectionable 3.24

76 TABLE GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS Sampling Location: Saida Month: December 2017 S.NO. PARAMETER Standard as per UNIT SAMPLE IS: Desirable limit (Permissible limit) PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1. Colour 5 (25) Hazen Odour U/O --- U/O 3. ph Turbidity 5 (10) NTU Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 384 CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS 7. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l < Cyanides as CN (0.05) mg/l < Phenols as C6H5OH (0.002) mg/l Absent 19. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l < Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l < Mercury as Hg (0.001) mg/l < Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) mg/l < Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) mg/l < Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent U/O Unobjectionable 3.25

77 TABLE GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS Sampling Location: Bilaspur Month: December 2017 S.NO. PARAMETER Standard as per UNIT SAMPLE IS: Desirable limit (Permissible limit) PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1. Colour 5 (25) Hazen Odour U/O ---- U/O 3. ph Turbidity 5 (10) NTU Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 335 CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS 7. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l < Cyanides as CN (0.05) mg/l < Phenols as C6H5OH (0.002) mg/l Absent 19. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l < Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l < Mercury as Hg (0.001) mg/l < Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) mg/l < Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) mg/l < Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent U/O Unobjectionable 3.26

78 TABLE GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS Sampling Location: Sirgitti Month: December 2017 S.NO. PARAMETER Standard as per UNIT SAMPLE IS: Desirable limit (Permissible limit) PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1. Colour 5 (25) Hazen Odour U/O --- U/O 3. ph Turbidity 5 (10) NTU Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 388 CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS 7. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l < Cyanides as CN (0.05) mg/l < Phenols as C6H5OH (0.002) mg/l Absent 19. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l < Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l < Mercury as Hg (0.001) mg/l < Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) Mg/l < Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) Mg/l < Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent U/O Unobjectionable 3.27

79 TABLE GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS Sampling Location: Achanakpur Month: December 2017 S.NO. PARAMETER Standard as per UNIT SAMPLE IS: Desirable limit (Permissible limit) PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1. Colour 5 (25) Hazen Odour U/O --- U/O 3. ph Turbidity 5 (10) NTU Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 474 CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS 6. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l < Cyanides as CN (0.05) mg/l < Phenols as C6H5OH (0.002) mg/l Absent 18. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l < Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l < Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l < Mercury as Hg (0.001) mg/l < Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l < Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) Mg/l < Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) Mg/l < Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent U/O Unobjectionable 3.28

80 3.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT Studies on land use aspects of eco system play an important role in identifying sensitive issues and to take appropriate action by maintaining ecological homeostatic in the initial stages of development of the Project. The basic objective of this part of the study is to define the present environmental status and to evaluate all possible eventualities, to ensure that all negative impacts are minimized MINERAL RESERVES There are no mineral reserves in the study area SEISMIC EFFECT The project site falls in zone-2 of Seismic Zone classification of India. Project site 3.29

81 3.5.3 LAND USE PATTERN The following is the land use pattern within 10 Km radius of the project site: Table S.No. LAND USE Area in (Sq. km) Area in % 1. BUILT-UP LAND A. Settlements B. Industrial area WATERBODIES A. Tank / River etc CROP LAND A. Single crop B. Double crop C. Plantation WASTELANDS A. Land with scrub B. Land without scrub C. Mining area D. Others TOTAL

82 2.31

83 2.32

84 3.5.4 SOIL ENVIRONMENT Eight (8) no. of soil samples were collected and for analyzed for various parameters like texture, infiltration rate, bulk density, ph, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Zn, Mn etc. The Soil samples are taken from depth of cm will be collected. The Physio-chemical characteristics of soil were analyzed using standard methods. Selection of sampling locations will be generally done based on the following factors: Representation of project site. Industrial Areas Residential areas Agricultural Activity Proximity to the Forest Proximity to Water body S.No STATION DIRECTION w.r.t. Project Site TABLE SOIL QUALITY SAMPLING STATIONS DISTANCE (in Kms.) w.r.t. Project Site CRITERIA FOR SELECTION 1. Plant Site (S1) Sample representing the plant site (Industrial area) 2. Prasada (S2) SW 1.0 Sample represents nearest habitation area 3. Bilaspur (S3) NE 3.2 Sample represents Urban area 4. Nagpura (S4) SE 2.6 Sample represents agricultural activity 5. Tiphra (S5) N 1.4 Sample representing near water body 6. Chichirda (S6) W 5.0 Sample representing near Residential area 7. Hardi (S7) SE 6.0 Sample representing near Silpahari IDA 8. Sirgitti (S8) E 2.0 Sample representing near Residential area 3.33

85 Soil Quality Sampling Stations Sampling Station Tiphra Bilaspur Chichirda Plant Site Sirgitti Parsada Nagpura Hardi 2.34

86 ` TABLE SOIL CHARACTERISTICS S.No Parameter Units Sampling Locations S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 1. Bulk Density g/cc Infiltration rate Cm/sec ph Soil type --- Sandy Loamy Clay Loamy Clay Loamy Clay Clay 4. Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam 5. Calcium mg/100 gm Electrical Conductivity µs/cm Nitrogen Kg/Ha Available Phosphorous as Kg/Ha P2O5 9. Potash Kg/Ha Mn mg/100 gm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 11. Zn mg/100 gm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 12. Pb mg/100 gm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 3.35

87 Soil Standard Classification S.No. Parameters Classification 1. ph <4.5 extremely acidic very strong acidic strongly acidic moderately acidic slightly acidic Neutral slightly alkaline moderately alkaline strongly alkaline >9.0 Very strongly alkaline 2. Nitrogen (Kg/ha) Up to 50 very less less good better >300 sufficient 3. Phosphorus (Kg/ha) Up to 15 very less less medium on average sufficient sufficient >80 more than sufficient 4. Potassium (Kg/ha) very less less medium average better >360 more than sufficient 3.36

88 3.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT The Biological Environment study has been carried out as a part of the EIA study report to understand the present status of ecosystem prevailing in the study area and to study the floristic and fauna diversity of the terrestrial and aquatic environment of the study area within the 10 km radius of the plant site. Data collection has been sourced from: a) Primary source (i.e. Field study) b) Secondary source (i.e. Local habitants, Literature, Internet, concern Govt. departments etc.) All the collected data were classified to interpret the impact of emissions from the proposed project on the flora and fauna of the region. Survey of the wild plants as well as cultivated crop plants was made and all the available information was recorded OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The present study was undertaken with the following objectives: i. To assess the nature and distribution of vegetation in and around the project within the study area. ii. iii. To assess the biodiversity of natural system, present in the study area. Details of flora and fauna, Endemic, Rare, Endangered and Threatened (RET Species) separately for core and buffer area based on such primary field survey and secondary secures and clearly indicating the Schedule of fauna present. In case of any scheduled -I fauna found in the study area, the necessary plan along with budgetary provisions for their conservation should be prepared in consultation with State Forest and Wildlife Department. iv. To study the likely impact of the proposed project on the Biological Environment and to suggest mitigation measure, if required. 3.37

89 3.6.2 METHODOLOGY OF THE FLORAL AND FAUNAL STUDY Biological Environment Study was conducted in the month of December 2017 during Post Monsoon season by Dr. K. Bayapu Reddy (FAE EB) & team to assess the list of terrestrial plant and animal species that occur in the core area and the buffer area up to 10 Km radius from proposed project site. The entire core area has been surveyed for enumeration of flora and fauna. Within the core area 10 quadrats of 5 x 20 m (100 m 2 ) each were chosen for phytosociological investigation using restricted random sampling techniques. For the purpose of calculation of Importance Value Indices (IVI) of the core area, quadrat method was used for estimation of frequency and density while the cover was estimated by modified line intercept method. The canopy cover of each species that intercepted or over laid or under laid along a line transect of 500 m was determined based on the total distance intercepted. The average canopy cover was calculated as the percent cover based on four transects of 500 m each DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT SITE & STUDY AREA Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Limited is an existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery at Plot No. 60 A & 60 B, Sirgitti Industrial Growth Centre, Bilaspur Tehsil & District, Chhattisgarh. Existing plant was established prior to EIA notification 2006 & its subsequent amendments. Hence Environment Clearance is not applicable to the existing plant. Existing plant has obtained Consent to Establishment from Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board (CECB) vide letter no. 1775/TS/CECB/2004 Raipur dated 24/05/2004 and is operating with valid Consents. Now company proposes for modernization cum expansion of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery to 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery. No alternate sites have been selected, as the proposed modernization cum expansion will be taken up in the acres of existing plant premises only. No additional land will be required for the proposed expansion project. Following is breakup of the total project area: S.No. Description Area (in Acres) Area (in Ha.) 1. Plant Area Raw Coal Storage Yard Washed Coal Storage Yard

90 S.No. Description Area (in Acres) Area (in Ha.) 4. Rejects storage Green belt area Internal Road Parking Water reservoir & RWH TOTAL Out of the total area, about 3.7 acres / 1.5 Ha. is earmarked for Greenbelt development. Existing land is already converted for Industrial land. A survey of the flora and fauna of the project site and its environs up to a radius of 10 Km reveals the absence of thick forests but open scrub type communities were very common. There are no National Parks or Sanctuaries or Biosphere reserves or Reserved Forest or any other protected or ecologically sensitive areas within a radius of 10 Km from the plant site. As per LULC of the study area, following is land use within 10 Km. radius: Settlements 8.1 %; Industrial Area 2.7 %; Tank / River etc. 7.3 %; Single crop 52.4 %; Double Crop 7.6 %; Plantation 1.6%; Land with scrub 7.9 %; Land without scrub 8.4 %; Mining Area 3.1; Others 0.9%. Arpa River (5.0 Kms.) & Gokena Nallah (0.5 Kms.), are flowing within 10 Km. radius of the plant site DETAILS OF FLORA IN THE STUDY AREA The Flora species listed below are found in a radius of about 10 Km from the site of the project site. It is evident from the lists of flora that there were no endemic or endangered species of plants. List of trees, shrubs and perennial climbers found in the core area: Botanical name Family Local / common Habit name Abrus precatorius Fabaceae Kaincha Creeper Acacia auriculiformis Mimosaceae Sickle leaf Acacia Tree Acacia nilotica Mimosaceae Babul / Babool Tree Albizia procera Mimosaceae Safed Siris Tree Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae Saptaparni Tree Anthocephalus indica Rubiaceae Cadamb Tree Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Neem Tree Butea monosperma Fabaceae Palash Tree 3.39

91 Botanical name Family Local / common Habit name Calliandra haematocephala Mimosaceae Powder puff Shrub Calotropis gigantea Asclepiadaceae Arakha Shrub Calotropis procera Asclepiadaceae Arakha Shrub Cassia siamea Caesalpiniaceae Seemia or Kassod Tree Chromolaena odorata Asteraceae Siam weed Shrub Decalepis hamiltoni Periplocaceae Nannari Climber Delonix regia Caesalpiniaceae Gulmohar Tree Dendrocalamus strictus Poaceae Bamboo Bamboo Duranta erecta Verbenaceae Nilkanta Shrub Duranta repens Verbenaceae Golden Dew Drops Shrub Dypsis lutescens Arecaceae Bamboo Palm Palm Eucalyptus tereticornis Myrtaceae Eucalypts Tree Ficus hispida Moraceae Hairy Fig Tree Ficus religiosa Moraceae Peepal Tree Filicium decipiens Sapindaceae Fern leaf tree Small tree Hemidesmus indicus Apocynaceae Anantamul Climber Hyptis suaveolens Lamiaceae Cat Mint Herb Ipomoea carnea Convolvulaceae Morning glory Shrub Ixora singaporensis Rubiaceae Ixora Shrub Lantana camara Verbenaceae Nagabari Shrub Leptadenia reticulata Apocynaceae Jiwanti Climber Leucaena leucocephala Mimosaceae Subabul Tree Madhuca longifolia Sapotaceae Mahua Tree Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae Mango Tree Michelia champaca Magnoliaceae Champak Tree Nerium odorum Apocynaceae Oleander Shrub Peltophorum pterocarpum Caesalpiniaceae Copper Pod Tree Pergularia daemia Apocynaceae Utaran Climber Phoenix sylvestris Arecaceae Bankhajuri Palm Plumeria alba Apocynaceae Gulchin or Champa Tree Polyalthia longifolia Annonaceae Ashok Tree Polyalthia pendula Annonaceae Ashok Tree Prosopis spicigera Mimosaceae Kejdi Tree Prosopis juliflora Mimosaceae Mesquite Thorny bush Spathodea companulata Bignoniaceae Rugtoora Tree Tecoma stans Bignoniaceae Yellow bells Small tree Terminalia catappa Combretaceae Almond Tree Wattakaka volubilis Apocynaceae Green Milk weed Climber Wodyetia bifurcata Arecaeace Foxtail Palm Palm Xanthium strumarium Asteraceae Chota Datura Herb Ziziphus mauritiana Rhamnaceae Ber Tree 3.40

92 A list of annual / seasonal and perennial crops including fruit trees grown or cultivated in the buffer zone of the project: Latin name Common name Family Main use Abelmoschus esculentus Lady s finger Malvaceae Vegetable Aegle marmelos Stone apple / Holy Rutaceae Fruit & medicinal fruit Agave americana Sisal Agavaceae Fiber crop Agave sisiliana Sisal Agavaceae Fiber crop Allium sativum Garlic Liliaceae Condiment Allium sepa Onion Liliaceae Vegetable Amaranthus caudatus Kheda Amaranthaceae Vegetable Amaranthus tricolor Lal Bhaji Amaranthaceae Vegetable Annona squamosal Custard-apple Annonaceae Fruit tree Annona reticulata Ramphal Annonaceae Fruit tree Artocarpus Jack-fruit Moraceae Fruit tree heterophyllus Basela alba var rubra Purple Indian Basellaceae Vegetable spinach Basela alba var alba White Indian Basellaceae Vegetable spinach Benicasa hispida Ash gourd Cucurbitaceae Vegetable Beta vulgaris Beet root Chenopodiaceae Vegetable Bougainvillea sectabilis Bougainvillea Nycatginaceae Ornamental Brassica juncea Mustard Brassicaceae Oil seed Brassica oleracea, var. Cauliflower Brassicaceae Vegetable botrytis Brassica oleracea, varcapitata. Cabbage Brassicaceae Vegetable Cajanus cajan Arhar / Red gram Fabaceae Pulses Canna indica Canna Cannaceae Ornamental Capsicum annum Chilli Solanaceae Vegetable Carica papaya Papaya Caricaceae Fruit tree Catharanthus roseus. Periwinkle Apocynaceae Ornamental Cicer arietinum Chick pea Fabaceae Pulses Citrus aurantifolia Ornage Rutaceae Fruit tree Citrus limonum Lime Rutaceae Fruit tree Colocasia esculenta Colocasia / Arbi Araceae Vegetable Coriandrum sativum Coriander / Apiaceae Vegetable Dhaniya Crotolaria juncea Sunhemp Fabaceae Fiber crop Cucumis sativus Cucumber / Khira Cucurbitaceae Vegetable Cucurbita moschata Pumpkin (Sweet gourd) Cucurbitaceae Vegetable 3.41

93 Latin name Common name Family Main use Cyamopsis Cluster bean Fabaceae Vegetable tetragonoloba Dioscorea bulbifera Wild yam Diascoreaceae Vegetable crop Dolichos biflorus Horse gram Fabaceae Cattle feed Dolichos lablab Country bean Fabaceae Vegetable Helianthus annuus Sunflower Asteraceae Oil seed Hibiscus rosasinensis China rose Malvaceae Ornamental Jasminum sambac Jasmine Oleaceae Ornamental Lathyrus sativus Khesri(Tivra) Fabaceae Pulses Limonia acidissima Wood apple / Bel Rutaceae Fruit tree Luffa acutangula Ridge gourd Cucurbitaceae Vegetable Luffa cylindrica Sponge gourd Cucurbitaceae Vegetable Lycopersicum Tomato Solanaceae Vegetable esculantum Madhuca latifolia Mahuva Sapotaceae Multipurpose Mangifera indica Mango Anacardiaceae Fruit tree Momordica charantia Bottle gourd Cucurbitaceae Vegetable Murraya koenigii Curry leaf Rutaceae Curry leaf Musa paradisiaca Banana Musaceae Fruit tree Oryza sativa Paddy Poaceae Food Oxalis corniculatum Indian Sorrel Oxalidaceae Vegetable Phaseolus mungo Black gram Fabaceae Pulses Phaseolus radiata Green gram Fabaceae Pulses Pisum sativum Peas Fabaceae Vegetable Psidium guajava Guava Myrtaceae Fruit tree Raphanus sativas Radish Brassicaceae Vegetable Ricinus communis Castor Euphorbiaceae Oil seed Rosa sinensis Rose Rosaceae Ornamental Shorea robusta Sal Dipterocarpaceae Timber tree Solanum melongena Brinjal Solanaceae Vegetable Solanum tuberosum Potato Solanaceae Vegetable crop Spinacea oleracea Palak bhaji Chenopodiaceae Vegetable Tabernaemontana Chandni Apocynaceae Ornamental coronaria Tabernaemontana Chandni Apocynaceae Ornamental 42acemose42e Tagates erecta Marigold Asteraceae Ornamental Trichosanthes anguina Snake gourd Cucurbitaceae Vegetable Triticum aestivum Wheat Poaceae Food Vigna sinensis Cowpea Fabaceae Vegetable Zea mays Maize Poaceae Food Ziziphus mauritiana Ber Rhamanceae Fruit tree 3.42

94 List of trees, shrubs and perennial climbers found in the buffer zone of the plant site: Botanical name Family Local / common Habit name Abrus precatorius Fabaceae Kaincha Creeper Acacia auriculiformis Mimosaceae Australian Wattle Tree Acacia catechu Mimosaceae Khair Tree Acacia nilotica Mimosaceae Babul / Babool Tree Aegle marmelos Rutaceae Bel Tree Aganosoma dichotoma Apocynaceae Malati Creeper Aibizia lebbeck Mimosaceae Siris / Kala sirus Tree Ailanthus excelsa Simaroubaceae Mahalimbo Tree Alangium salvifolium Alangiaceae Ankula Tree Albizia odoratissima Mimosaceae Kala siris Tree Albizia procera Mimosaceae Tentela(sirish-Dhala) Tree Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae Chhatiana Tree Annona squamosa Annonaceae Seetaphal Fruit tree Annona reticculata Annonaceae Raamphal Fruit tree Artocarpus Moraceae Panas Tree heterophyllus Asparagus recemosus Liliaceae Satabari Creeper Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Neem Tree Bauhinia purpurea Caesalpiniaceae Kanchan Tree Bauhinia racemosa Caesalpiniaceae Ambansia Tree Bombax ceiba Bombacaceae Semul / Simili Tree Borassus flabellifer Arecaceae Tal Palm Boswellia serrata Burseraceae Salai Tree Butea monosperma Fabaceae Palash Tree Butea superba Fabaceae Hai palash Tree Calotropis gigantea Asclepiadaceae Arakha Shrub Calotropis procera Asclepiadaceae Arakha Shrub Canthimum dicoccum Rubiaceae Dalsingha Shrub Carissa spinarum Apocynaceae Karonda Shrub Caryota urens Arecaceae Sarap(Calap) Palm Cassia fistula Caesalpiniaceae Simaro Tree Cassia siamea Caesalpiniaceae Chakhunda Tree Chromolaena odorata Asteraceae Siam weed Shrub Cissus vitiginea Vitaceae Vitaceae Climbing Shrub Cocos nucifera Arecaceae Coconut Palm Combretum decandrum Combretaceae Atundi Climber Crataeva religiosa Capparaceae Barun Tree Dalbergia paniculata Caesalpiniaceae Barabakulia Tree Dalbergia sisoo Caesalpiniaceae Sisoo Tree Decalepis hamiltonii Periplocaceae Nannari Climber 3.43

95 Botanical name Family Local / common Habit name Delonix elata Caesalpiniaceae Radhachuda Tree Delonix regia Caesalpiniaceae Krisnachuda / Tree Gulmohur Dendrocalamus strictus Poaceae Bamboo Bamboo Dioscorea alata Dioscoreaceae Kanta alu Creeper Dioscorea bulbifera Dioscoreaceae Pitalu Creeper Dioscorea pentaphylla Dioscoreaceae Banaalu Creeper Dispyros melanoxylon Ebenaceae Kendu Tree Erythrina indica Fabaceae Paldhua Tree Eucalyptus sp Myrtaceae Eucalyptus Agro forest tree Ficus benghalensis Moraceae Banyan / Bata / Bad Tree Ficus racemose Moraceae Cluster Fig Tree Ficus religiosa Moraceae Pipal / Aswatha Tree Ficus mucronata Moraceae Kamarup Tree Gmelina arborea Verbenaceae Gambhari Tree Grevillea robusta Proteaceae Silver Oak Tree Hemidesmus indicus Apocynaceae Anantamul Climber Holoptelia integrifolia Ulmaceae Dhauranja Tree Ipomoea carnea Convolvulaceae Morning glory Shrub Ixora parvifora Rubiaceae Bhuin kuruma Shrub Jaminum arborescens Oleaceae Bana mali Creeper Jasminum auriculatum Oleaceae Juhi Creeper Lagerstroemia Lythraceae Sidha / Sudha / Senha Tree parviflora Lantana camara Verbenaceae Nagabari Shrub Leptadenia reticulata Apocynaceae Jiwanti Climber Leucaena leucocephala Mimosaceae Subabul Agro forest tree Madhuca longifolia Sapotaceae Mahuva / Mahul Tree Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae Amba / Mango Fruit Tree Melia azadirachata Meliaceae Buckain Tree Michelia champaca Magnoliaceae Champa Tree Moringa oleifera Moringaceae Sajana (muniga) Tree Moringa tinctoria Moringaceae Achhu Tree Neolamarckia cadamba Rubiaceae Kadamb Tree Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Oleaceae Gangasiuli Small tree Ouginea oujonensis Fabaceae Bandhana Tree Pergularia daemia Apocynaceae Utaran Climber Phoenix sylvestris Arecaceae Bankhajuri Palm Phyllanthus emblica Euphorbiaceae Amla Fruit tree Pithecellobium dulce Mimosaceae Jungle jalebi Tree Plumbago indica Plumbaginaceae Raktchita Shrub 3.44

96 Botanical name Family Local / common Habit name Polyalthia longifolia Annonaceae Debadaru / Ashok Tree Polyalthia pendula Annonaceae Ashok Tree Pongamia pinnata Fabaceae Karanja Tree Prosopis spicigera Mimosaceae Kejdi Tree Prosopis julifloa Mimosaceae Mesquite Thorny bush Psidium guajava Myrtaceae Guava Fruit Tree Quisqualis indica Combretaceae Burma Creeper Creeper Randia dumetorum Rubiaceae Salara(Mahana) Shrub Randia uliginosa Rubiaceae Telkor(Tilok) Shrub Sapindus emarginatus Sapindaceae Ritha Soap nut tree Shorea robusta Dipterocarpaceae Sal Tree Streblus asper Moraceae Sahada Tree Syzigium cumini Myrtaceae Jamun Fruit Tree Tamarindus indica Caesalpiniaceae Imli Tree Tectona grandis Verbenaceae Saguan Tree Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae Arjuna Tree Thespesia pupulnea Malvaceae Bankapas Tree Tylophora indica Apocynaceae Indian Ipecac Climber Vitex negundo Verbenaceae Begunia Small tree Wattakaka volubilis Apocynaceae Green Milk weed Climber Wrightia tomentosa Apocynaceae Ludukurum Tree Ziziphus marutiana Rhamnaceae Borkuli Tree Ziziphus nummularia Rhamnaceae Kontikoli Tree Ziziphus oenoplia Rhamnaceae Kanceikoli Tree Ziziphus xylopyrus Rhamnaceae Ghantol Tree Analysis of Flora As per the study carried out and Botanical Survey of India, it is found that No Endemic, Rare, Endangered and Threatened (RET) species of flora were found in the study area DETAILS OF FAUNA IN THE STUDY AREA The Fauna species listed below are found in a radius of about 10 Km from the site of the project site. The species either spotted or reported or recorded and those that are most likely to occur (based on Zoogeography and circumstantial evidence) have been included in the list as there are no reliable documents such as the ZSI reports and research publications relating to the study area List of vertebrate species other than birds either recorded or reported from the study area: 3.45

97 MAMMALS Latin name Common name WPA Schedule Bandicota indica Large bandicoot Rat V Cynopterus sphinx Short-nosed fruit bat IV Funambulus palmarum Three striped squirrel IV Golunda ellioti myothrix Indian bush rat IV Herpestes edwardsi Indian grey mongoose IV Lepus nigricollis Indian hare IV Macaca mulatta Rhesus monkey II Mus booduga Common Indian field mouse V Mus musculus Home Mouse V Mus musculus Mouse V Nosokia indica Bandicoot rat V Rattus rattus Common Indian rat V Suncus murinus House shrew V AMPHIBIANS Duttaphrynus melonosticatus Common Indian Toad IV Lissemys punctata Turtle IV Pangshura tentoria Turtle IV Polypedates maculatus Tree Frog IV Rana breviceps Indian burrowing frog IV Rana cyanophlyctis Skipper frog IV Rana limnocharis Indian cricket frog IV Rana tigrina Indian Bull frog IV REPTILES IV Bungarus caeruleus Common Indian Krait II Calotes versicolor Garden lizard IV Chameleo zeylanicus Chameleon IV Dryphis nasutus Whip Snake II Echis carinatus Saw scaled viper II Eutropis carinata Common skink IV Geochelone elegans Indian star tortoise II Hemidactylus flaviviridis Indian wall lizard IV Naja naja Nag / Cobra II Ptyas mucosa Dhaman / Indian Rat snake II Varanus bengalensis Common Indian Monitor II Vipera russseli Russell s viper II List of birds either spotted or reported from the study area: Latin name Common name WPA Schedule Acridotheres tristis Common myna IV Acridotheris tristis Common myna IV Aegithinia tiphia Common Iora IV Alcedo atthis Small blue kingfisher IV 3.46

98 Latin name Common name WPA Schedule Andeolv grayii Pond heron IV Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret IV Ceryle rudis Lesser pied Kingfisher IV Columba livia Blue rock pigeon IV Coracias benghalensis Indian roller IV Corvus splendens House crow V Dendrocitta vagabunda Indian tree pie IV Dendrocopus marhatensis Maratha Woodpecker IV Dicrurus macrocercus Black drongo IV Egretta garzetta Little egret IV Halcyon smyrnensis White-Breasted King fisher IV Merops orientalis Little Green Bee Eater IV Milvus migrans Black kite (Common) IV Motacilla alba White wagtail IV Oriolus oriolus Golden Oriole IV Passer domesticus House sparrow IV Phalacrocorax carbo Large Cormorant IV Phalacrocorax niger Little cormorant IV Psittacula cyanocephala Blossom headed Parakeet IV Psittacula krameri Rose-Ringed Parakeet IV Pycnonotus cafer Red-vented bulbul IV Saxicolodies fulicata Indian robin IV Streptopelia chinensis Spotted dove IV Sturnus contra Pied myna IV Sturnus pagodrum Brahminy myna IV Turdoides caudatus Common babbler IV Tyto alba Barn owl IV Upupa epops Common hoopoe IV List of butterflies and insects spotted in the study area by survey team: Butterflies Latin name Common name WPA Schedule Pseudocoladenia dan dan Fulvous pied flat IV Precis lemonias lemonias Lemon pansy IV Precis hierta hierta Yellow Pansy IV Tros aristolochiae Common rose IV Araca violae Tawny costar IV Tirumala limniace Blue Tiger IV Euploea corecor Common Crow IV Dananus aglea Glassy Blue Tiger IV Precis orithya Blue pansy IV Hypolimnas misippus Danaid egg fly IV Neptis hylas Common sailor IV 3.47

99 Papilio demoleus Lime butterfly IV Catopsilia crocale Common emigrant IV Danais chrysippus Plain tiger IV Other insects Brachytron pratense Hairy Dragonfly Not listed Anax imperator Emperor Dragonfly Not listed Tettigonia viridissima Common Green Grasshopper Not listed Hieroglyphus. Banian Rice grasshopper Not listed Pecilocerus pictus. Common painted Not listed Nephotettix apicalis Paddy Jassids Not listed Hyblea purea mechaeralis Skeletonizers Not listed Hepalia mauritia Defoliators Not listed Spodoptera mauritia Swarming caterpillar Not listed Rhopalosiphum maidis Aphids Not listed Aquatic flora and fauna of the study area: Other than the Arpa and its tributaries and a few small and medium tanks, there are no perennial water bodies in the study area. List of aquatic / semi aquatic macrophytes found in and around the Rivers and Tanks. Latin name Acanthus ilicifolius Alternanthera philoxeroides Brachiaria mutica Carex cruciata Centella asiatica Chrysopogon aciculatus Cynodon dactylon Cyperus arenarius Cyperus exaltatus Echinochloa colona Echinochloa stagnina Eichhornia crassipes Hydrilla verticillata Hygrophila auriculata Ipomoea aquatica Ludwigia perennis Marsilia quadrifoliata Nelumbo nucifera Nymphaea nauchali Nymphaea stellata Nymphoides hydrophylla Nymphoides indica Ottelia alismoides Family Acanthaceae Solanaceae Poaceae Cyperaceae Apiaceae Poaceae Poaceae Cyperaceae Cyperaceae Poaceae Poaceae Pontederiaceae Hydrocharitaceae Acanthaceae Convolvulaceae Onagraceae Marsiliaceae Nelumbiaceae Nympheaceae Nympheaceae Nympheaceae Nympheaceae Hydrocharitaceace 3.48

100 Latin name Oxalis corniculata Pistia stratoides Polygonum hydropiper Typha angustata Vallisneria spiralis Family Oxalidaceae Araceae Polygonaceae Typhaceae Hydrocharitaceae List of fishes caught by fisherman from the water bodies of the buffer area. As per fish data base, they do not fall under the RET category and none of them is included in Schedule I of the WPA Scientific name Anabas testudineus Anguilla bengalensis Catla catla Channa punctatus Channa striatus Cirrhinus mrigala Clarias batrachus Clupisoma garua Heteropneustes fossilis Labeo calbasu Labeo rohita Macroganthus aculeatum Mastocembelus armatus Mystus cavasius Oreochromis mossambicus Oreochromis aureus Oreochromis niloticus Puntius sophore Tilapia rendalli Common name / Local name Keu Indian Mottled Eel Katla Daulla / Murrel Striped Snakehead Mirgal Mangur / Cat fish River Catfish Singhi Kari Rohu Bam Bam / Spiny Eel Tengna Tilapia Tilapia Tilapia Kotri Tilapia Analysis of Flora As per the study carried out and Wildlife Protection Act, no Schedule I fauna was observed in the study area. 3.49

101 3.7 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT In view of the fact that the development is an ever-growing process, its impact is also ever increasing, leading to rapid deterioration in environmental conditional and human health. Impact assessment thus ensures that the potential problems are foreseen and addressed at an early stage in the projects plant and design. Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) & Social Impact Assessment provides a rational approach to sustainable development. Social Impact Assessment includes the processes of analysing, monitoring and managing the intended and unintended social consequences, both positive and negative, of planned interventions (policies, programs, plans, and developmental activities) on individual, social groups and community at large and any social change processes invoked by those interventions OBJECTIVE The primary objectives of the Social Impact Assessment study are: Understanding the baseline socio-economic environment obtaining in the impact zone. Identifying the key stakeholders who are likely to be impacted by the establishment of the proposed project. Predicting the positive and negative impacts of the project on the socio-economic environment in the area. Suggesting mitigation measures to minimize the negative impacts SCOPE In keeping with its objectives, the scope of the study extends to: Making a reconnaissance of the villages and human settlements within the 10 km radius from the proposed project site. Understanding the overall socio-economic profile of the impact area. Assessing the baseline socio-economic environment prevailing in the impact area focusing the core and buffer zones. Identifying key economic sectors and major sources of livelihood in the study area. 3.50

102 Understanding social structures and lifestyles of people in the area who are likely to be affected the most by the proposed project. Assessing physical and social infrastructure facilities accessible to inhabitants in the project impact area. Predicting the likely socio-economic impacts as a consequence of establishing the project. Suggesting adverse impact mitigation measures in line with the felt needs, aspirations and expectations of the project affected population. Preparing an appropriate Socio Economic Environment Management Plan APPROACH & METHODOLOGY The basic approach for carrying out the SIA is focused on: Zeroing-in on the project impact area, covering all the villages and other habitations falling within the 10 km radius from the project site. Collecting basic information with respect to constituent villages in terms of census village code, name of the Tehsil in which a particular village falls, number of households, population level (as per Census 2011) and growth of village population during the last decade, distance from the proposed project site etc. Identifying critical knowledge/information gaps which impede an objective and reliable assessment of the socio-economic impacts of the project. Zeroing-in on the data/information to be collected for a fair impact assessment and deciding upon the sources and means to collecting the same. Identifying the key stakeholders and potential respondents for collecting the required information. Drawing a sampling frame and sample size specifying villages and number of households to be contacted for primary data/information collection and agencies to be contacted for eliciting information on various aspects relevant to the study. Assessing the views raised in the Public Hearing and developing a plan (consisting of Cost, Budget, Monitoring and Evaluation) to implement the needs of people as per Public hearing outcome. 3.51

103 Methodology The Social Impact Assessment (SIA) of the proposed project is relied on a judicious mix of Secondary (i.e. Census 2011, Govt. Dept., Maps and Literature Research) and Primary data (i.e. Field survey and Interview / Interactions) collected from different sources. Various socio-economic aspects considered for impact assessment include livelihoods, relocation and rehabilitation, incomes, employment, skills, education, health and overall lifestyles. The cultural aspects considered are archaeological, historical, religious and aesthetic places of importance, arts and crafts etc. The SIA was carried out in the three distinct stage: i. Desktop review / research ii. iii. Field Survey Data Analysis & its interpretation STUDY AREA The coverage of study extends to all the 52 Census villages and towns falling within the 10 km. radius, from the proposed project site, as mandated by MoEF&CC s ToR. The study area is 314 Sq. Km. The land utilisation pattern of the study area shows the dominance of single crop land accounting for 52.4 %. The land under human settlement covers an area of 25.4 Sq. Km., which is mere 8.1 % of the total area. The detailed land use pattern of the study area is given below: LULC PIE DIAGRAM 3.52

104 3.7.5 PROJECT IMPACT ZONES The geographical area for impact assessment extends over 10 Kms. Radius from the project site and comprises of 52 Villages and towns (as per census data). To facilitate a more realistic and objective assessment, the 50 villages / towns are categorized into three zones: Core zone (within 2.0 Kms. Radial distance from the project site) Buffer zone (> 2 5 Kms.) Transition zone (> 5 10 Kms.) The key demographic features of the villages / towns in the three impact zones are shown below: S.No. Village Name Distance w.r.t. Plant (in Kms.) Direction w.r.t. Plant Total Households Population Total Male Female SC ST Avg. Lit (%) Villages within 0-2 Kms distance from the Plant 1 Parsada 1.0 SSW Tifra - Urban 1.2 N Sirgitti - Urban 1.3 E Sub Total : I % Villages within 2-5 Kms distance from the Plant 4 Banak 2.2 SEE Bilaspur 2.2 N Nagpura 2.3 SE Bodri - Urban 2.5 SSW Ghuru 3.2 NW Ameri - Urban 3.5 NNW Kormi 3.8 SE Basiya 4.5 SE Chakarbhatha 4.8 S Nawapara 4.8 SSW Sub Total : II % Villages within 5-10 Kms distance from the Plant 14 Achanakpur 5.3 SSW Dhamni 5.3 S Hardi 5.3 SE Mendra 5.3 NWW Mangla - Urban 5.5 N Chichirda 5.6 SWW Saida 5.6 NWW Chhatauna 5.8 SW Hirri 6.3 SSW Mehmand SEE Urban 24 Bahtarai - Urban 6.6 NE Uslapur - Urban 7 NWW

105 26 Bel Mundi 7.2 SWW Pand 7.3 NW Rahangi 7.3 SSW Tilsara 7.4 S Khamtarai NNE Urban 31 Mopka - Urban 7.5 NEE Sakari - Urban 7.5 NNW Silpahri 7.5 SEE Bahtarai - Rural 7.8 NE Dhuma 8 SEE Hafa 8 NNW Mopka -Rural 8 NEE Amsena 8.2 SWW Khamtarai -Rural 8.2 NNE Koni - Urban 8.3 N Mudhipar 8.3 SSW Nagraudi 8.3 SSE Sambalpuri 8.6 NWW Pendridih 8.7 SW Lokhandi 8.8 NNW Kopra 9 SWW Bodsara 9.1 SWW Bijaur 9.5 NE Jhalpha 9.5 SSW Mohbhattha 9.5 SSW Senwar 9.5 SSE Bahtarai 9.7 NWW Sub Total : III % Total % It is obvious from the above data that only 3 no. of villages fall in core impact zone, accounting for just 6.3 % of the total population in the study area. 10 no. of villages accounting for 78.4 % of the total population fall in buffer impact zone, while 39 no. of villages accounting for 15.3 % of the total population fall in transition zone. Given the nature of the project, its socio-economic impacts will be more pronounced on the people inhabiting the core and buffer impact zones rather than on the transition zone. Hence the study focus was more on the socio-economic conditions obtaining among the households in the core and buffer zones BASELINE DATA AND ANALYSIS OF SURVEYED VILLAGES DESKTOP REVIEW / RESEARCH A fairly comprehensive desk research to understand the socio-economic setting of the project area was the first initiative towards carrying out SIA. Accordingly, published and unpublished 3.54

106 information available on the subject was referred, reviewed and critical information gaps identified by the SIA team. It was during this stage, the key stakeholders were identified and study instruments schedules and checklists prepared, tested and finalised. Similarly, the sampling frame and sample size were also designed and finalised. The sampling frame for the study consisted of villages, households and District and Tehsil level officials, key informants as also local opinion leaders. A proportional random sampling technique was followed to select the sample village s and households. Accordingly, the sample villages were picked up at random from the three impact zones considered Core, Buffer and Transition. The number of households to be contacted in each sample village was determined on the basis of the size of population of the respective village. In the absence of household level information, the respondent households were selected randomly during the course of visit to the respective village. However, while selecting the respondent households, emphasis was on contacting households, who are economically poor, susceptible to shifts in livelihood patterns and belonged to vulnerable social communities. To ensure the accuracy of the primary data collected from the study area, all the village specific information was verified from the data of Census 2011 and secondary information collected from various Govt. Dept., Map, Literature etc. Accordingly following 12 no. of villages have been selected: 1. Basiya 2. Bilaspur 3. Chakarbhata 4. Chichirdar 5. Ghuru 6. Khamtarai 7. Mendra 8. Nagpura 9. Parsada 3.55

107 10. Saida 11. Sakri 12. Sirgitti 13. Tifra 14. Uslapur FIELD SURVEY Field survey helped in collecting fairly reliable primary data with respect to the major livelihood sources, education, health status, basic amenities and standard of living. It also helped in eliciting information from the natives about the negative environmental impacts of industrial units already existing in the area and the measures initiated by them (industrial units) to mitigate the impacts. The potential respondents in the sample households were approached personally by members of the core study team and Field Investigators who explained the purpose of the visit and solicited their participation by sharing the intended information unbiasedly. The study team clarified the doubts and addressed the apprehensions expressed by the respondents. Once the respondents were willing and ready to participate, household level socio-economic information was collected with the help of a structured questionnaire. A number of questions were open ended to facilitate capturing perceptions of the respondents objectively. In addition, Participatory Rapid Assessment (PRA) tools comprising Villages / Town Transect Walks, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), Key Informant Interviews and Local Opinion Leader interviews were used for collecting qualitative information with regards to key socioeconomic challenges of the area. 3.56

108 DATA ANALYSIS & ITS INTERPRETATION S.No. Demography of the Surveyed villages Village Name Total Households Population Total Male Female SC ST Average Literacy (%) Sex Ratio 1 Basiya Bilaspur Chakarbhata Chichirdar Ghuru Khamtarai Mendra Nagpura Parsada Saida Sakri Sirgitti Tifra Uslapur Total % 952 Population Distribution As per analysis of primary data & secondary data the distribution of population varies from place to place. In the study area, Bilaspur is densely populated areas. Avg. Literacy rate in surveyed villages is 65 %. The Avg. sex ratio of surveyed villages is 952. Total household population come out to be 7,44,981. Average household size is 4.7. The percentage of Male population is 51% and Female population is 49% i.e. no major difference lies between Male and Female count. 3.57

109 Vulnerable Group There are particular groups who, for various reasons, are weak and vulnerable or have traditionally been victims of violations and consequently require special protection for the equal and effective enjoyment of their human rights. Such groups fall into reserve category and the Company has to take special measures to uplift the social strata in this section. The surveyed villages have very less count of Schedule tribe and Schedule caste fraction is comparatively high i.e.18%. The category falling in unreserved category shows the major occupancy in the area i.e.75% of the total population. Demography of Vulnerable groups S.No. Village Name Total SC ST Others 1 Basiya Bilaspur Chakarbhata Chichirdar Ghuru Khamtarai Mendra Nagpura Parsada Saida Sakri Sirgitti Tifra Uslapur Total

110 Literacy level Literacy denotes progress of a nation as a whole. The multiplier effect of literacy empowers people, enables them to participate fully in society and contributes to improve livelihoods. Literacy is also a driver for sustainable development in that it enables greater participation in the labour market; improved child and family health and nutrition; reduces poverty and expands life opportunities. In the surveyed villages male literacy is greater than female literacy rate. The Company will make efforts in order to fill the lacunae and indirectly contribute to the progress of the nation. As per the survey, the literacy rate (65.1%) is normal in the surveyed villages there is still some awareness is required in terms of education & education facilities are to be improved further. From the survey it is clear that the literacy rate of female (42.1 %) is lower as compared to male population (57.9 %). Male and female literacy rate of villages vary from place to place. On whole, female literacy level has to be enhanced to provide a balance in the society and pace towards economic progress of the area. Literacy rate in the surveyed villages S.No. Name of Vilage Total Popln. Total Literate Population Literacy Rate (%) Male literates Male Literacy Rate Female literates Female Literacy rate 1 Basiya % % 2 Bilaspur % % 3 Chakarbhata % % 4 Chichirdar % % 5 Ghuru % % 6 Khamtarai % % 3.59

111 S.No. Name of Vilage Total Popln. Total Literate Population Literacy Rate (%) Male literates Male Literacy Rate Female literates Female Literacy rate 7 Mendra % % 8 Nagpura % % 9 Parsada % % 10 Saida % % 11 Sakri % % 12 Sirgitti % % 13 Tifra % % 14 Uslapur % % Total / Average % % % Economic Activities The economy of an area is defined by the occupational pattern and income level of the people in the area. The occupational structure of residents in the study area is studied with reference to work category. The population is divided occupation wise into three categories, viz., main workers, marginal workers and non-workers. The workers include cultivators, agricultural labourers, those engaged in household industry and other services. While the marginal 3.60

112 workers are those workers, engaged in some work for a period of less than 180 days during the reference year. The non-workers include those engaged in unpaid household duties, students, retired persons, dependents, beggars, vagrants etc. besides institutional inmates or all other non-workers who do not fall under the above categories. The percentage of total working population and non-working population is 36.8 % & 63.2 % respectively in the study area. Work force of the surveyed villages S.No. Name of Villages Total Pop. Total Workers Main Workers Marginal Worker Non Workers 1 Basiya Bilaspur Chakarbhatha Chichirda Ghuru Khamtarai -Rural Mendra Nagpura Parsada Saida Sakari - Urban Sirgitti - Urban Tifra - Urban Uslapur - Urban Total

113 It is evident from the above on the basis of information obtained from surveyed villages that the percentage of total working population is low and dependent population is high. This indicator shows that the economic conditions in the area is not good. They require livelihood opportunities to upgrade their economic status and fulfil basic needs. Due to the implementation of proposed expansion project of M/s. Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Benefication Pvt. Limited will certainly have some direct / indirect employment to the local people based on the qualification and will also provide training opportunity for selfemployment generation SOCIO ECONOMIC STATUS Income & Livelihoods The main source of livelihood in the district is agriculture. The main crop is paddy, but wheat, gram, soyabean and other crops are also grown. However, agriculture does not provide year round employment; hence the people are forced to migrate in search of work to Bilaspur Town. Labour in construction work is another means of livelihood. People want opportunities for employment to grow. In agriculture, irrigation and modern techniques of farming are required to improve productivity. Industry Over the past two decades, industrial growth supported livelihoods complementing the traditional agriculture sector. An estimated 10 to 15 % of the total workforce in the study area depends on the industry sector for livelihood. With well-planned effort, this sector could help ignite entrepreneurship spirit and create large scale employment opportunities to the educated youth in the area. Services Sector As the Bilaspur Town is present in the study area, Employment in service sector establishments such as Government departments, banks, schools, courts, hospitals and private institutions is also an important source of livelihood. Education Access to primary & Secondary education is good in Bilaspur. There is a primary school within a one-kilometre radius of every village, and high schools and higher secondary schools are 3.62

114 also adequate in number. People are keen that education related to agriculture, vocational education, technical education, and small industries be given to them. Rennovation of school and college buildings is required. However, require technical support, teachers and equipment. Communication A majority of the people also have access to a mobile phones and a cable TV connection. 40 % of the earning population seems to have a personal transport in the form of a 2-wheeler or 4- wheeler. While fashion guided the youth in personal grooming, the aged generally preferred to be traditional. Health and well-being The people feel that they were healthier earlier due to better food and clean water and air. The prevalence of malaria, tuberculosis, leprosy and chicken pox is reported from some areas. While there are health centres in the villages, they are usually short staffed and do not have adequate supply of medicines. Transport becomes a problem during the rainy season and treatment is difficult to get. People want modern facilities and doctors to be available at the health centres. Physical Infrastructure Most of the villages are closed to National Highway which goes to Bilaspur to Raipur. All the villages are electrified and are most of the villages are connected with Pucca roads. Autos and mini buses are the most common mode of public transport seen in the villages. State Road Transport Corporation buses are less frequent. Almost the entire population in the area has access to potable water under rural water supply scheme. All the villages are fluoride free. Social Infrastructure Fairly well developed infrastructure exists for pre-primary and primary education at the village level. Over 60% of the villages have easy access to high school and higher secondary education. Facilities for college education, engineering and medical education are available at Bilaspur town in the study area. Well established Hospital facilities are also available at Bilaspur town. 3.63

115 4 CHAPTER 4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 INTRODUCTION Impact prediction is a very important phenomenon in evaluating the environmentally potential adverse impacts for any proposed industrial project. The impact prediction is always carried out under worst possible conditions so as to mitigate or to eliminate the environmental hazards. These predictions thus calculated are superimposed over the baseline data to calculate the net impact on the environment after the proposed project comes into production. 4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT It is possible that increase in the background concentration of even a minor constituent of the atmosphere may lead to significant changes in the atmospheric properties. So, these changes are essential in understanding potential climatic changes due to air pollutants. For example, under strongly stable condition, disturbances are highly damped and mixing of pollutants is strongly suppressed. It is under such conditions that the worst air pollution episodes have occurred. Prediction of impacts is the most important component in the environmental impact assessment studies. Several scientific techniques and methodologies are available to predict impacts of developmental activities on physico, ecological and socioeconomic environments. Such predictions are superimposed over the baseline (pre project) status of environmental quality to derive the ultimate (post project) scenario of environmental conditions. The prediction of impacts helps to identify the environmental management plan required to be executed during and after commissioning the proposed project to minimize the adverse impacts on environmental quality. The mathematical models are the best tools to quantitatively describe cause-effect relationships between sources of pollution and different components of environment. In case, mathematical 4.1

116 models are not available or it is not possible to identify / validate through models for particular situation, prediction could be arrived at through available scientific knowledge and judgments. The mathematical model used for predictions in the present study include, steady state Gaussian Plume dispersion model designed for multiple point sources for air quality, Wave divergence and Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) models for noise levels. In case of water, land, biological and socio-economic environments the predictions have been made based on available scientific knowledge and judgments IMPACT ON TOPOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE IMPACT ON TOPOGRAPHY The major envisaged topographical changes would be limited to the immediate vicinity of the plant. The change in topography will be only due to man made structures like Industrial complex and Administrative building. Similarly, it will invite positive benefits in the form of land leveling and green belt development within the plant IMPACTS ON CLIMATE As the temperature of the flue gases will be at ambient temperature only. Hence there will not be any thermal imbalance due to the proposed project PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON AIR ENVIRONMENT It is absolutely essential to study the impacts of air pollution on its environs due to the proposed project. These impacts are assessed with the help of Mathematical model based on steady state Gaussian Plume Dispersion Model designed for multiple point sources for short term. In the present case, Industrial Source Complex Short Term (ISCST-3), 1993 dispersion model based on steady state Gaussian plume dispersion, designed for multiple point sources for short term developed by United States Environment Protection Agency simulations from point sources. (USEPA) has been used for Model Input Emissions The stack details & emission data from the stack is shown in Table

117 S.No. Stack attached to Dia (m) TABLE STACK EMISSIONS Height (m) Temp. of flue gas ( 0 C) Velocity of flue gas (m/sec) PM (g/s) SO2 (g/s) NOx (g/s) 1. Coal Crusher DG Set (250 KVA) (above building) Receptor Locations The software is capable of generating a polar receptor grid at every 10 radial angles at specified distances (in Kms). Meteorological data For the prediction of rise in Ground Level concentrations of pollutants, the actual hourly meteorological data recorded at the site during the study period (October 2017 to December 2017) is converted to mean meteorological hourly data as specified by CPCB and the same is used in the model. In the absence of site specific mixing heights, mixing heights published in Spatial distribution of hourly mixing depths over Indian region by Dr. R.N.Gupta have been used. Presentation of results In the present case model simulations have been carried out for the pre summer season. For the short term simulations, the concentrations have been estimated around 1600 receptors to obtain optimum description of variations in concentrations over the site in 10 Km. radius covering 16 directions. Model Output The output contains the first through sixth highest concentration values at each receptor, Maximum concentration tables and daily concentration tables for each averaging period. 4.3

118 4.2.3 SOURCES OF AIR EMISSIONS The identified sources of emission are following: Raw material unloading Coal yard Storage bunkers, hoppers Coal crusher Conveyers & transfer points Due to Vehicular movement The predicted max. Incremental rise in PM concentration (24 hourly) will be 0.35 g/m 3 at a distance of 500 m from the origin stack in the down wind direction over the baseline concentrations. The predicted incremental rise in PM concentration due to the Vehicular emission will be 2.11 g/m 3. Hence the total predicted incremental rise due to the emission from coal washery plant and due the vehicular emission will be 0.35 g/m g/m 3 = 2.46 g/m 3 The predicted incremental rise in NOx concentration due to the Vehicular emission will be 14.4 g/m 3. The predicted incremental rise in CO concentration due to the Vehicular emission will be 9.3 g/m 3. The net resultant concentrations (Maximum baseline conc. + predicted incremental rise in conc.) of PM10, SO2, NOX and CO are shown in Table No The net resultant concentrations of PM10, SO2, NOX and CO are well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) when the plant commences operation. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on air environment due to the proposed project. 4.4

119 TABLE NET RESULTANT MAXIMUM CONCENTRATIONS DUE TO THE PROJECT Item PM SO2 NOX CO ( g/m 3 ) ( g/m 3 ) ( g/m 3 ) ( g/m 3 ) Maximum average baseline conc. in the study area Maximum predicted incremental rise in concentration due to the proposed project Net resultant concentrations during operation of the plant 2.46 ( ) National Ambient Air Quality Standards PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON WATER ENVIRONMENT WATER REQUIREMENT [TOR # x] Water required for the proposed project will be 400 cum/day. This includes process water for Coal washery and for domestic purpose. The water requirement for the proposed project will be supplied by Chhattisgarh State Industrial Development Corporation (CSIDC). Kindly refer to Annexure - 4 for letter from CSIDC for supply of water. The details of Water consumption is shown in Table Rain water harvesting structures will be constructed in consultation with Central Ground Water Board. The depth of ground water table will certainly increase. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on water environment due to the proposed project. TABLE WATER REQUIREMENT S.No REQUIREMENT QUANTITY (cum/day) 1. For Coal washery process For Dust Suppression & Greenbelt For Domestic purpose 10 Total

120 TOR # 2 & TOR # x WASTEWATER GENERATION [TOR # xxii] Closed loop water system will be implemented in the proposed coal washery. Hence there will not be any waste water generation from process and cooling. Zero effluent discharge will be maintained in proposed project. The only waste water generation from the plant will be sanitary waste water. The total quantity of sanitary waste water expected from the proposed project will be 8 cum/day. Characteristics of waste are shown in Tables The sanitary waste water will be treated in septic tank followed by subsurface dispersion trench. TABLE WASTE WATER GENERATION S.No. GENERATION QUANTITY (cum/day) 1 Sanitary wastewater 8 Total 8 TABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SANITARY WASTE WATER (UNTREATED) S.No. PARAMETER CONCENTRATION 1 ph BOD mg/l 4.6

121 3 COD mg/l 4 TDS mg/l IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS ON WATER ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ENVIRONMENT Water Environment IDENTIFIED IMPACTS Impact downstream users of Mand River due to water drawl Impact on Mand River due to discharge of Effluent from proposed project Impact on flora, fauna, people, animals, etc Ground water contamination due to effluent discharge Untreated waste water IMPACT ON ARPA RIVER & GOKENA NALLAH / IMPACT DUE TO FLOODING OF PLANT Arpa River (5.0 Kms.) & Gokena Nallah (0.5 Kms.), are flowing within 10 Km. radius of the plant site. Zero liquid effluent discharge system will be implemented 10 m wide greenbelt will be developed in all along the boundary. Water required for the proposed will be supplied by Chhattisgarh State Industrial Development Corporation (CSIDC). Water will be sprayed at all strategic coal transfer points such as conveyors, loading unloading points etc. Conveyors, transfer points etc. will be provided with enclosures. The crusher of the coal washery will be provided with enclosures, fitted with Dust extraction system followed by Bag filters and finally emitted through a stack. Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzles arrangement will be provided on the coal heaps and on land around the crushers. Closed loop water system will be implemented in coal washery. Hence there will not be any waste water generation from process and cooling. Rain water harvesting pits have been proposed to recharge the precious ground water in consultation with CGWB. The depth of ground water table will certainly increase due to these measures. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on Arpa River & Gokena Nallah due to the proposed coal washery. 4.7

122 4.4 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS DUE TO NOISE PREDICTION OF IMPACT DUE TO THE PROPOSED ACTIVITY The sound pressure level generated by noise source decreases with increasing distance from the source due to wave divergence. An additional decrease in sound pressure level with distance from the source is expected, due to atmospheric effect or its interaction with objects in the path of transmission. For hemispherical sound wave propagation through homogeneous loss free medium, one can estimate noise levels at various locations, due to different sources using model based on first principle, as per the following equation: Lp2 = Lp1 20 Log (r2/r1) - Ael.2 Where Lp1 and Lp2 are sound pressure levels at points located at distance r1 and r2 from the source and Ae1.2 is the excess attenuation due to environmental conditions. Combined affect of all the sources then can be determined at various locations by logarithmic addition. It is first approximation one can assume that for all general population in the villages, every noise source in the plane is a point source. The average equivalent sound power level of such a point source can be estimated for different distances and directions from hypothetical source by applying following equation: Lp = Lw - 20 Log r Ae 8 Where Lw is the sound power level of the source, Lp is sound pressure level at a distance r and Ae is environmental attenuation factor. A combined noise level Lp (total) of all the sources at a particular place is given by: Lp(total) = 10 Log (10 Lp1/10) + 10 (Lp2/10) ) Major noise generating sources were identified from the proposed activity for prediction purposes. The major noise generating sources are DG set & Crushers. The predictions have been made to represent the worst case. The noise levels at various distances were calculated using wave divergence model. The model was run for ascertaining the areas where we could get the noise levels of 35, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65 and considering the other noise generating sources from the proposed project. 4.8

123 Silencers will be provided to the DG Sets. Crusher will be inside a covered shed. All machinery will be manufactured keeping in view of the MOEF&CC/OSHA standards on Noise levels. The Ambient Noise levels will be within the standards prescribed by MoEF, GOI PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON COMMUNITY A day and Night sound pressure level, Ldn is often used to describe the community noise exposure which includes 10 dba night time penalties. As the nearest human settlement is about 0.05 Kms. from the project site, the impact of noise on general population would be insignificant. As per the WHO recommendation, there is no identified risk and damage of hearing due to the noise levels (Leq = 8 hours) less than 75 dba. Most of the international damage risk criteria for hearing loss permit (Leq = 12 hours) upto 87 dba. Further, WHO recommendation on community noise annoyance, permits day time out door noise levels of 55 dba. Leq and night time outdoor noise level of 45 dba leq to meet sleep criteria i.e. Leq (24 hours) = 52.2 dba and Ldn = 5.5 dba PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH The damage risk criteria as enforced by OSHA (Occupation Safety and Health Administration) to reduce hearing loss, stipulates that noise level upto 85 dba are acceptable for 8 hour working shift per day. Plant authorities will provide ear plugs to the employees and will be enforced to be used by the employees IMPACT ON HABITATION, FLORA & FAUNA DUE TO NOISE LEVELS DUE TO THE PROJECT There are no National Parks / Sanctuaries / Migratory route for birds / Tiger reserves within 10 Km. radius of the proposed project site. The major noise emanating equipment are Crushers & DG sets. The noise level will be maintained by providing and maintaining thick greenbelt reducing the exposure time of workers to the higher noise levels. All transfer points, cleats shall be lined with rubber lining so that the noise levels are reduced. Hence there will not be any impact on environment due to Noise generated from the proposed project. 4.9

124 4.5 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON LAND ENVIRONMENT POSSIBLE IMPACT ON GROUNDWATER & MITIGATION IMPACTS Impact on Groundwater Table MITIGATION MEASURES PROPOSED The water requirement for the proposed project will be supplied by Chhattisgarh State Industrial Development Corporation (CSIDC). The water after washing coal should be allowed to flow through a series of settling ponds designed from higher elevation to lower elevation and collected in sump/pond/tank which can be reutilized for the process. The design and construction of drainage system should be in consultation with a civil engineer. Impact on Arpa River Rain water harvesting structures will be constructed in consultation with Central Ground Water Board and this will help in augmenting the ground water table. Hence, there will not be any adverse impact on Groundwater table due to the proposed project. The water requirement for the proposed project will be supplied by Chhattisgarh State Industrial Development Corporation (CSIDC). Conveyors, transfer points etc. will be provided with enclosures. Closed loop water system will be implemented in coal washery. There will not be any waste water generation from process. Groundwater contamination due to coal yard during monsoon Middlings & rejects will be given to power plants. Hence there will not be any impact on Arpa River and its downstream users due to the proposed project. During monsoon season, the problem of coal yard drainage becomes critical due to coal particles and dust in the yard. To take care of this problem, the entire coal storage yard will be provided with separate drains, which will lead to a separate sump of adequate capacity. There all the coal particles will settle at bottom & the clear water will be utilized for Dust suppression & sanitary purposes. Rejects & Middlings will be given to power plants. Hence there will not be any contamination of ground water due to the washery. 4.10

125 4.5.2 IMPACT ON GEOLOGY & MITIGATION IMPACTS Impact on Geology due to Top soil excavation for construction activities Bed rock stability in the project area. MITIGATION MEASURES PROPOSED Preparation of site will involve excavations and fillings. The earthen material generated during excavations and site grading periods, will be properly dumped and slope stabilisation will be taken up. The topsoil generated during construction will be preserved and reused for plantations. Due to the Top soil preservation, no significant adverse impact on geology of the area due to the construction activities. No bed rock removal is involved in excavation during construction of the proposed plant. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on the stability of the bed rock. Only grading to some extent is anticipated PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON SOIL To control the fugitive emissions dust extraction system and dust suppression system will be installed at all the possible dust emanating areas. All required emission control systems will be installed in the proposed project. Hence it will not have any impact on nearby top soil. Stack monitoring & analysis report of SPCB also confirms that the industry is meeting the norms. Zero effluent discharge will be maintained to the proposed plant. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on land environment due to the proposed project. Washery rejects is main solid waste generated from the proposed coal washery unit. Washery rejects of 0.4 MTPA will be given to Rejects based Power plants. If all Air pollution control systems, Effluent management system, solid waste management systems, greenbelt development in 1/3 rd of the total land, then there will not be any adverse impact on soil due to the proposed activities. 4.6 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON FLORA & FAUNA AND AGRICULTURAL LAND The proposed coal washery will be taken up in an area of acres of existing plant. As there are no endangered species in the vicinity of the proposed activity, there should not be any concern for the loss of important germoplasm that needs conservation. Water will be sprayed at all strategic coal transfer points such as conveyors, loading unloading 4.11

126 points etc. Conveyors, transfer points etc. will be provided with enclosures. Crusher will be provided with Dust extraction system followed by Bag filters and finally emitted through a stack of 30 m height. All required emission control systems will be installed in the proposed project. Closed loop water system is envisaged, hence there will not be any waste water generation from process. Process wastewater will be recycled back in the washing circuit. Sanitary waste will be treated in septic tank by Sub-surface dispersion trench. Washery rejects is main solid waste generated from the proposed coal washery unit and same will be given to prospective clients. Greenbelt is considered essential for maintaining the stability of the environment of the area. 3.7 Acres of extensive greenbelt will be developed in the proposed project as per CPCB guidelines. 4.7 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS DUE TO VEHICULAR MOVEMENT [TOR # 3 & TOR # xi] The ROM coal from SECL mines mainly from Chal / Kusmunda / Dipka / Gevra and other mines will be transported by Road / Rail. Washed coal from the plant will be transported by road in covered trucks directly to the customer (or) by road upto nearest railway station (Dadhapara RS 5.0 Kms. by Road) and from there by rail to the customer. Washery rejects from the plant will be transported by road in covered trucks directly to the customer (or) by road upto nearest railway station (Dadhapara 5.0 Kms. by Road) and from there by rail to the customer Washed coal from the plant will be transported by Rail / road in covered trucks directly to the customer. The mode of transport of washed coal will depend on the MoU with the customers who may have either road transport or rail transport. All the trucks used for transportation of raw materials will be covered. Total nos. of trucks required for the transportation of Raw Coal, Washed coal & rejects will be 30 per hour. 4.12

127 Pucca road exist upto the site. The existing road is capable of absorbing this additional truck movement. Avenue plantation will be taken up along the road to prevent the fugitive emissions. Hence there will not be any significant by fugitive dust generation during transportation of raw materials & product. Kindly refer to Annexure # 5 for transportation route. Kindly refer to Annexure # 6 for Schematic diagram showing emission sources Carrying Capacity of Road has been carried out and same is enclosed as Annexure # PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT The local areas will be benefited by way of generation of employment opportunities, increased demand for local products and services. There will be an overall improvement in the income level of the local people. The project creates employment to about 100 persons once the plant is commissioned and for 150 persons during construction stage. Priority will be given to locals for Semi-Skilled and Unskilled jobs. With the implementation of the proposed project, there will be lot of scope for more industrial investments which in turn will benefit the nation. The project authorities intend to provide welfare activities recreational facilities in the surrounding villages once the plant commences production. CER activities are being taken up. The project authorities intend to conduct regular health checkups in the surrounding villages. Therefore there will be a certain enhancement of educational and medical standards of people in the study area. There will be generally positive and beneficial impacts by way of economic improvements, transportation, aesthetic environment and business generation. There will be an overall upliftment of socio-economic status of people in the area. 4.13

128 5 CHAPTER 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) 5.1 ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES In the existing plant, Fluidise Bed Classifer technology is being used. Now the Present proposal involves removal of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery and establishing 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone Type Coal Washery in the existing plant premises by utilizing the facilities of existing plant, as there will be increase in yield due to the proposed Heavy Media Cyclone technology as compared to the existing Fluidise Bed Classifer Technology. No technological failures are anticipated. Hence no alternative technologies are considered. 5.2 ALTERNATIVE SITES EXAMINED Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Limited is an existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery at Plot No. 60 A & 60 B, Sirgitti Industrial Growth Centre, Bilaspur Tehsil & District, Chhattisgarh. Existing plant was established prior to EIA notification 2006 & its subsequent amendments. Hence Environment Clearance is not applicable to the existing plant. Existing plant has obtained Consent to Establishment from Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board (CECB) vide letter no. 1775/TS/CECB/2004 Raipur dated 24/05/2004 and is operating with valid Consents. Now company proposes for modernization cum expansion of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery to 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone Type Coal Washery. No alternate sites have been selected, as the proposed modernization cum expansion will be taken up in the acres of existing plant premises only. No additional land will be required for the proposed expansion project. Hence no alternative sites have been considered for the proposed project. 5.1

129 6 CHAPTER 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 6.1 TECHNICAL ASPECTS METHODOLOGIES To know the effectiveness of environmental mitigation measures post project environmental monitoring program will be strictly followed as per statutory requirement. Dust extraction system with bag filters will be provided near the raw material unloading, raw material handling, coal crusher, material transfer points, etc. Dust generated from raw material unloading areas will be controlled by providing dust suppression system. Energy meters will be provided to all air emission control systems to ensure effective operation of the control systems. All air emission control systems will be taken-up for maintenance as per prescribed dates and always ensure compliance with norms. Fugitive emissions will be monitored and CPCB regulation in this regard will be followed. CECB will also carry out stack monitoring and ambient air quality at regular intervals. This will also help in cross checking the performance of Pollution control systems implemented in the plant FREQUENCY & LOCATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING A comprehensive monitoring programme is given under. This environmental monitoring will be entrusted to a third party. MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS S.No. Particulars Frequency of Monitoring Duration of sampling Parameters required to be monitored 1.Water & Waste water quality A. Water quality (around storage yards) Once in a month Grab sampling As per IS: Air Quality A. Stack Monitoring Once in a month PM B. Ambient Air quality Twice a week 24 hours continuously PM2.5, PM10, SO2 & NOx 6.1

130 S.No. Particulars Frequency of Monitoring Duration of sampling Parameters required to be monitored C. Fugitive emission Once in a month 8 hours PM monitoring 3. Noise Levels A. Noise Levels Once in a month one day in a month on hourly basis Ambient Noise levels in dba DATA ANALYSIS All the parameters will be analysed as per IS procedures specified for those parameters. All water samples will be analysed for various parameters as per IS: with the specified procedures. The methodology adopted for monitoring & analysis of PM2.5 & PM10 is as per IS: 5182 Part IV SO2, NOx & CO as per IS: 5182 Part II & Part VI respectively. Samples were analysed for SO2 using improved West-Gaeke method for air samples using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 560 nm. Samples were analyzed for NOx using Jacob and Hocheiser modified (Na-As) method, for Air samples using a spectrophotometer at wavelength of 540 nm. PM10 & PM2.5 in ambient air are found by using Respirable Dust Sampler (RDS) & APM REPORTING SCHEDULE After completion of analysis copies of all the analysis reports will be submitted to the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change and CECB regularly. A copy of the report will be maintained in the plant and will be made available to the concerned inspecting authorities EMERGENCY PROCEDURES In case of emergency shutdown all the safety precautions will be taken as per the procedure given by the supplier DETAILED BUDGET & PROCUREMENT SCHEDULES The budgetary allocation for Environmental monitoring is Rs. 5 Lakhs / Annum. A third party will be engaged to monitor all the environmental parameters as per CPCB/CECB norms. 6.2

131 7 CHAPTER 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT INTRODUCTION Risk analysis deals with the identification and quantification of risks, the plant equivalent and personnel are exposed to, due to accidents resulting from the hazards present in the factory. Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various hazards that are likely to occur in the factory. The various hazard analysis techniques that may be applied are Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) studies, Fault - Tree Analysis (FTA), event tree analysis and, failure and effects mode analysis. Risk analysis follows an extensive hazard analysis. It involves the identification and assessment of risks the neighbouring populations are exposed to as result of hazard present. This requires a through knowledge of failure probability, credible accident scenario, vulnerability of populations etc. Much of this information is difficult to get or generate. Consequently, the risk analysis is often confined to maximum creditable accident studies SCOPE OF THE STUDY The scope of study includes the study of proposed operations, storage and handling of raw materials with respect to Hazard Identification. Risk Assessment and preparation of Disaster Management plan. Based on the Hazard Identification and analysis, the major disaster scenarios would be worked out to estimate the consequence of failure. A Disaster Management Plan (DMP) would also be evolved to meet the emergency situation including the occupational health and safety. 7.1

132 7.1.3 FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM The following Fire Protection system will be provided in the plant. Hydrant system covering the entire plant including all important auxiliaries and buildings. The system will be complete with piping, valves instrumentation, hoses, nozzles and hydrants, valves etc. Portable extinguisher such as pressurized water type, carbon dioxide type and foam type will be located at strategic locations through out the plant. Modular type carbon dioxide panel injection fire extinguishing system will be provided at unmanned electrical and electronic equipment room. The following pumps will be provided in the fire protection system. Fire water pumps (Fire water reservoir is part of the main water reservoir) a) AC motor driven fire water pumps for hydrant. b) Diesel engine driven pump as stand by for the above. c) Jackey pump 1 no. (AC motor driven) for maintaining pressure. Suitable number of electric motor driven and diesel engine operated hydrant and spray pumps with automatic starting will be provided for the above systems. The fire water pumps will take suction from the fire water reservoir to be created in the plant area METHODOLOGY OF MCA ANALYSIS The MCA Analysis involved ordering and ranking of various sections in terms of potential vulnerability. The following steps were involved in MCA Analysis. Preparation of an inventory of major storages and rank them on the basis of their hazard properties. Identification of potentially hazardous storage sections and representative failure cases from the vessels and the pipelines. Visualisation of chemical release scenarios. Effect and damage calculation from the release cases through mathematical modeling. 7.2

133 Inventory Analysis and Fire & Explosion and Toxicity Index (FETI) are the two techniques employed for hazard identification process FIRE & EXPLOSION AND TOXICITY INDEX The role of Fire & Explosion Index (FEI) aids quantitative hazard identification. The FEI is calculated by evaluating the loss potential of all the units in the storage area and the hazardous areas were classified accordingly. The role of FEI is Identification of the equipment/areas that could likely contribute to the creation or escalation of incident and relatively rank the incidents. Quantification of the expected damage of potential fire and explosion incidents. Preparation of guidelines for mitigating fire hazards. The loss potential which could actually be experienced under the most adverse operating conditions is quantitatively evaluated. The FEI is used for any operation in which a flammable, combustible or reactive material is stored, handled or processed. FEI = MF * GPH * SPH Where TOXICITY INDEX MF : Material factor GPH : General Process Hazard SPH : Special Process Hazard The Toxicity Index is calculated using the Nh, Ts, GPH and SPH. TI is calculated by the following formula. (Nh + Ts) * (1 + GPH + SPH) TI = ASSESSMENT OF RISK Based on the storage inventory the following areas are identified as potential safety risk areas are shown in table

134 TABLE 7.1 POSSIBLE RISKS FROM THE PROPOSED PLANT S.No. Area Hazards identified 1. Coal handling plant Fire and or dust explosion 2. Coal storage Fire, spontaneous combustion COAL HANDLING PLANT (DUST EXPLOSION) & COAL STORAGE (SPONT. COMBUSTION) Coal dust when dispersed in air and ignited will explode. Crusher houses and conveyor systems are most susceptible to this hazard. The minimum of explosive concentration of coal dust (33% volatiles) is 50 grams/m 3. Failure of dust extraction & suppression systems may lead to abnormal conditions and increasing the concentration of coal dust to the explosive limits. The sources of ignition are incandescent bulbs, electric equipment & cables, friction & spontaneous combustion in accumulated dust. Dust explosion may occur without any warning with maximum explosion pressure upto 6.4 bars. Another dangerous characteristic of dust explosions is that it sets off secondary explosions after the occurrence of initial dust explosion. Stock pile area shall be provided with automatic garden type sprinklers for dust suppression as well as to reduce spontaneous ignition of coal stock piles, necessary water distribution net work will be provided for distributing water at all transfer points, crusher house, control room, etc. A centralised control room with microprocessor based control system has been envisaged for operation of the coal handling plant. Except locally controlled equipment like travelling tripper, dust extraction / dust suppression / ventilation equipment, sump pumps, water distribution system all other in line equipment will have provision for local control as well. All necessary inter local control panels will be provided for safe and reliable operation of the coal handling plant. Control measures for coal yard The entire quantity of coal will be stored in separate stack piles, with proper drains around to collect washouts during the monsoon. Water sprinkling system will be installed on stocks of pile to prevent spontaneous combustion and consequent fire hazards. The stack geometry 7.4

135 will be adopted to maintain minimum exposure of stock pile areas towards predominant wind direction temperature will be monitored in the stock piles regularly to detect any at normal rise in temperature inside the stock pile to be enable to control the same RISK & CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF FIRE The principle objective of this study is to identify the potential hazards estimate the effects of hazards to people both with in and outside the plant premises. Identification of possible failure cases of the facilities which might affect the population and property within the plant boundary. Assessment of consequential effect on surrounding population, property etc., due to onset of such failures. Suggest recommendations based on consequence analysis relevant to the situations EFFECTIVE CONTROLS Ignition sources in the vicinity. Pressurisation of buildings not having explosion - proof fittings, switching off power supply from a central place, blanket ban on smoking, proper maintenance of flame proof fittings. The thick green belt to be developed will help to mitigate the radiation intensity level outside plant boundary. 7.2 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN DISASTERS A disaster is catastrophic situation in which suddenly, people are plunged into helplessness and suffering and as a result, need protection, clothing, shelter, medical and social care and other necessities of life. Disasters can be divided into two main groups. In the first, are Disasters resulting from natural phenomena like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, cyclones, tropical storms, floods, avalanches, landslides etc. The second group includes disastrous events occasioned by man, or by man's impact upon the environment. Examples are industrial accidents, radiation accidents, factory fires, explosions and escape of toxic gases or chemical substances, river pollution, mining or other structural collapses, air, sea, rail and road transport accidents and can reach catastrophic dimensions in terms of human loss. 7.5

136 There can be no set criteria for assessing the gravity of a disaster in the abstract it depends to a large extent on the physical, economic and social environment in which it occurs. What would be considered a major disaster in developing country, will be equipped to cope with the problems involved, and may not mean more than temporary emergency elsewhere. However all disasters bring in their wake similar consequences that call for immediate action for the rescue and relief of the victims. This includes the search for the dead and injured, medical and social care, removal of the debris, the provision of temporary shelter for the homeless food, clothing and medical supplies, and the rapid reestablishment of essential services OBJECTIVES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT OF PLAN The disaster Management Plan is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of environment, protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same order of priorities. For effective implementation of Disaster Management Plan, it will be widely circulated and personnel training through rehearsals. The Disaster Management Plan would reflect the probable consequential severity of undesired event due to deteriorating conditions or through knock on effects. Further the management should be able to demonstrate that their assessment of the consequences uses good supporting evidence and based on currently available and reliable information, incident data from internal and external sources and if necessary the reports of outside agencies. To tackle the consequences of a major emergency inside the factory or immediate vicinity of the factory, a Disaster Management Plan has to be formulated and this planned emergency is called Disaster Management Plan. The objective of the Industrial Disaster Management Plan is to make use of the combined resources of the Plant and the outside services to achieve the following: Minimize damage to property and the environment. Effect the rescue and medical treatment of causalities. Provide for the needs of relatives. Provide authoritative information to news media. 7.6

137 Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected areas. Safeguard other people. Initially contain and then ultimately bring the situation under the control. Preserve subsequent records and equipment for subsequent enquiry the cause and circumstances leading to emergency EMERGENCIES GENERAL, INDUSTRIAL, EMERGENCIES The emergencies that could be envisaged in the Plant are as follows: Contamination of food / water. Sabotage / social disorder. Structural failures. Slow isolated fires SPECIFIC EMERGENCIES ANTICIPATED During the study of risk assessment, the probabilities of occurrence of hazards are worked out along with the nature of damage. This is the reason why one should study risk assessment in conjunction with DMP EMERGENCY ORGANISATION It is recommended to setup an Emergency Organisation. A senior executive who has control over the affairs of the Plant would be heading the Emergency Organisation. He would be designated as Site Controller. In the case of stores, utilities, open areas which are the not under the control of production heads, executive responsible for maintenance of utilities would be designated as Incident Controller. All the Incident Controllers would be reporting to the site controller. Each Incident Controller, for himself, organizes a team responsible for controlling the incident with the personnel under his control. Shift in-charge would be the reporting Officer, who would bring the incident to the notice of the Incident Controller and the Site Controller. 7.7

138 Emergency Coordinators would be appointed who would undertake the responsibilities like fire fighting, rescue, rehabilitation, transport and support services. For this purposes, Security in-charge, Personal Department, Essential services personnel would be engaged. All these personnel would be designated as key personnel. In each shift, electrical supervisor, electrical fitters, pump house incharge and other maintenance staff would be drafted for emergency operations. In the event of Power communication system failure, some of staff members in the office/ Plant offices would be drafted and their services would be utilized as messengers for quick passing of communications. All these personnel would be declared as essential personnel EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION Whoever notices an emergency situation such as fire, growth of fire, leakage etc. would inform his immediate superior and Emergency Control Center. The person on duty in the Emergency Control Centre would appraise the site controller. Site controller verifies the situation from the Incident Controller of that area or the shift incharge and takes a decision about implementing on Site Emergency. This would be communicated to all the Incident Controllers, Emergency Coordinators. Simultaneously, the emergency warning system would be activated on the instructions of the Site Controller EMERGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES The responsibilities of the key personnel are appended below: SITE CONTROLLER On receiving information about emergency he would rush to Emergency Control Centre and take charge of ECC and the situation and assesses the magnitude of the situation on the advice of incident controller and decides. Whether affected area needs to be evacuated. Whether personnel who are at assembly points need to be evacuated. Declares Emergency and orders for operation of emergency siren. Organises announcement by public address system about location of emergency. Assesses which areas are likely to be affected, or need to be evacuated or to be altered. 7.8

139 Maintains a continuous review of possible development and assesses the situation in consultation with Incident Controller and other key personnel whether shutting down the Plant or any section of the Plant required and if evacuation of persons is required. Directs personnel of rescue, rehabilitation, transport, fire brigade, medical and other designated mutual support systems locally available for meeting emergencies. Controls evacuation of affected areas, if the situation is likely to go out of control or effects are likely to go beyond the premises of the factory, informs to District Emergency Authority, Police, and Hospital and seeks their intervention and help. Informs Inspector of factories, Deputy Chief Inspector of factories, CECB and other statutory authorities. Gives public statement if necessary. Keeps record of chronological events and prepares an investigation report and preserves evidences. On completion of on-site Emergency and restoration of normalcy, declares all clear and orders for all clear signal INCIDENT CONTROLLER Assembles the incident control team. Directs operations within the affected areas with the priorities for safety to personnel minimize damage to the Plant, property and environment and minimize the loss of materials. Directs the shutting down and evacuation of Plant and areas likely to be adversely affected by the emergency. Ensures that all-key personnel help is sought. Provides advice and information to the Fire and Security officer and the local Fire Services as and when they arrive. Ensures that all non-essential workers / staff of the effected areas evacuated to the appropriate assembly points and the areas are searched for causalities. Has regard to the need for preservation of evidence so as to facilitate any enquiry into the cause and circumstances, which caused or escalated the emergency. Coordination on with emergency services at the site. 7.9

140 Provides tools and safety equipments to the team members. Keeps in touch with the team and advise them regarding the method of control to be used. Keep the site Controller of Emergency informed of the progress being made EMERGENCY COORDINATOR - RESCUE, FIRE FIGHTING On knowing about emergency rushes to Emergency Control Centre. Helps the incident controller in containment of the emergency. Ensure fire pumps in operating conditions and instructs pump house operator to be ready for any emergency. Guides the fire fighting crew i.e. Firemen trained Plant personnel and security staff. Organises shifting the fire fighting facilities to the emergency site, if required. Takes guidance of the Incident Controller for fire fighting as well as assesses the requirements of outside help. Arranges to control the traffic at the gate and the incident area / Directs the security staff to the incident site to take part in the emergency operations under his guidance and supervision. Evacuates the people in the Plant or in the near by areas as advised by site controller. Searches for casualties and arranges proper aid for them. Assembles search and evacuation team. Arranges for safety equipments for the members of his team. Decides which paths the evacuated workers should follow. Maintains law and order in the area, and if necessary, seeks the help of police EMERGENCY COORDINATOR - MEDICAL, MUTUAL AID, REHABILITATION, TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION The event of failure of electric supply and there by internal telephone, sets up communication point and establishes contact with the Emergency Control Center (ECC). Organises medical treatment to the injured and if necessary, will shift the injured to near by hospitals. Mobilizes extra medical help from outside, if necessary 7.10

141 Keeps a list of qualified first aiders of the factory and seek their assistance. Maintains first aid and medical emergency requirements. Makes sure that all safety equipment are made available to the emergency team. Assists Site Controller with necessary data and to coordinate the emergency activities. Assists Site Controller in updating emergency plan. Maintains liaison with Civil Administration. Ensure availability of canteen facilities and maintenance of rehabilitation centre. He will be in liaison with Site Controller / Incident Controller. Ensures availability of necessary cash for rescue / rehabilitation and emergency expenditure. Controls rehabilitation of affected areas on discontinuation of emergency. Makes available diesel petrol for transport vehicles engaged in emergency operation EMERGENCY COORDINATOR ESSENTIAL SERVICES He would assist Site Controller and Incident Controller Maintains essential services like Diesel Generator, Water, Fire Water, Compressed Air / Instrument Air, Power Supply for lighting. He would plan alternate facilities in the event of Power failure, to maintain essential services such as lighting, etc. He would organize separate electrical connections for all utilities and during emergency be coordinates that the essential services and utilities are not affected. Gives necessary instructions regarding emergency electrical supply, isolation of certain sections etc to shift incharge and electricians. Ensure availability of adequate quantities of protective equipment and other emergency materials, spares etc GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEES DURING AN EMERGENCY During an emergency, it becomes more enhanced and pronounced when an emergency warning is raised, the workers if they are incharge of process equipment should adopt safe and emergency shut down and attend any prescribed duty as an essential employee. If no such responsibility is assigned, he should adopt a safe course to assembly point and await 7.11

142 instructions. He should not resort to spread panic. On the other hand, he must assist emergency personnel towards objectives of DMP EMERGENCY FACILITIES EMERGENCY CONTROL CENTRE For the time being office block is identified as Emergency control centre. It would have external Telephone & Fax facility. All the Incident controller officers, senior personnel would be located here. The following information and equipment are to be provided at the Emergency control centre (ECC). Intercom, telephone P&T telephone Fire suit / gas tight goggles / gloves / helmets Factory layout, site plan Emergency lamp / torchlight Plan indicating locations of hazard inventories, Plant control room, sources of safety equipment, work road plan, assembly points, rescue location vulnerable zones, escape routes. Hazard chart Safe contained breathing apparatus Hand tools, wind direction, wind velocity indications Public Address Megaphone, Hand bell, Telephone directories (Internal, P&T). Address with telephone numbers and key personnel, Emergency coordinator. Important addresses, telephone numbers such as experts from outside, government agencies neighboring industries etc. Emergency shut down procedures. Nominal roll of employees EMERGENCY POWER SUPPLY Plant facilities would be connected to Diesel Generator and would be placed in auto mode. 7.12

143 FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES First Aid Fire fighting equipment suitable for emergency should be maintained as per statutory requirements per TAC Regulations. Fire hydrant line converting major areas would be laid. It would be maintained as 6 kg / sq.cm. pressure LOCATION OF WIND SOCK On the top of production block and on the top of administrative block wind socks would be installed to indicate direction of wind during emergency period EMERGENCY MEDICAL FACILITIES Gas masks and general first aid materials for dealing with chemical burns, fire burns etc. would be maintained in the medical centre as well as in the emergency control room. Private medical practitioners help would be sought. Government hospital would be approached for emergency help. Apart from Plant first aid facilities, external facilities would be augmented. Names of Medical Personnel, Medical facilities in Bilaspur Town will be prepared and updated. Necessary specific medicines for emergency treatment of Burns patients and for those affected by toxicity would be maintained. Breathing apparatus and other emergency medical equipment would be provided and maintained. The help of near by industrial managements in this regard would be taken on mutual support basis EMERGENCY ACTIONS EMERGENCY WARNING Communication of emergency would be made familiar to the personnel inside the plant and people outside. An emergency warning system would be established EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN There are number of facilities which can be provided to help in dealing with hazard conditions. The suggested arrangements are Stop feed 7.13

144 Deluge contents Remove heat Transfer contents Methods of removing additional heat include removal the normal cooling arrangements or use of an emergency cooling system. Cooling facilities which is vaporising liquid may be particularly effective, since a large increase in vaporization can be obtained by dropping pressure EVACUATION OF PERSONNEL The area would have adequate number of exits and staircases. In the event of an emergency, unconnected personnel have to escape to assembly point. Operators have to take emergency shutdown procedure and escape. Time office maintains a copy of deployment of employees in each shift at Emergency Communication Centre. If necessary, persons can be evacuated by rescue teams ALL CLEAR SIGNAL At the end of emergency, after discussing with Incident Controllers and Emergency Coordinators, the site controller orders an all clear signal. 7.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE Large industries where multifarious activities are involved during construction, erection, testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance, the men, materials and machines are the basic inputs. Along with the booms, the industrialization generally brings several problems like occupational health and safety. EMP for the Occupational Safety & Health hazards The health of workers can be protected by adopting the following measures: Proper Designing of building, Work area Good Housekeeping practices Well engineered ventilation & exhaust system Enclosure Isolation of specific areas Enforcement of usage of Personal Protective Devices. 7.14

145 Regular Work Environment Monitoring Working hours OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Occupational health needs attention both during construction and operation phases. However the problem varies both in magnitude and variety in the above phases CONSTRUCTION & ERECTION The occupational health problems envisaged at this stage can mainly be due to constructional and noise. To overcome these hazards, in addition to arrangements required to reduce it within TLV'S, personnel protective equipments should also be supplied to workers OPERATION & MAINTENANCE The working personnel should be given the following appropriate personnel protective equipments: Industrial Safety helmets Crash helmets Face shield with replacement acrylic vision Zero power plain goggles with cut type filters on both ends Zero power goggles with cut type filters on both sides and blue colour glasses Welders equipment for eye and face protection Cylindrical type earplug Ear plugs Canister gas masks Self contained breathing apparatus Leather apron Safety belt / line man's safety belt Leather hand gloves Asbestos hand gloves Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm Industrial safety shoes with steel toe 7.15

146 Electrical safety shoes without steel toe and gum boots OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pre-employment checkup will be made mandatory and following test will be conducted: Plan of evaluation of health of workers Chest x rays Audiometry Spirometry Vision testing (Far & Near vision, color vision and any other ocular defect) ECG Haemogram (examination of the blood) Urine (Routine and Microscopic) Complete physical examination Musculo-skeletal disorders (MSD) Backache Pain in minor and major joints Fatigue, etc. All workers shall be medically tested once in a year and at the end of his term of employment. Medical records of each employee will be maintained separately and will be updated as per finding during monitoring. Medical records of the employee at the end of his / her term will be updated. Periodic health checkups (Spirometric tests) will be conducted periodically. Frequency Of Periodical Examination For employees <30 Years once in five years Between Years once in four years Between Years once in two years Above >50 years once a year As all required emission control systems will be installed and operated to comply with the norms. Secondary fugitive emissions will also be controlled as per EMP suggested. Hence there will not be any adverse impact due to dust on the environment. 7.16

147 Audiometric tests will be carried out for employees working near the noise prone areas in the plant. The proposed extensive greenbelt development will help in attenuating the noise levels further. 7.4 SAFETY PLAN Safety of both men and materials during construction and operation phases is of concern. The preparedness of an industry for the occurrence of possible disasters is known as emergency plan. The disaster in Project is possible due to collapse of structures and fire / explosion etc. The details of fire fighting equipments to be installed are given below. Carbon dioxide Foam type DCP Soda acid type Fire buckets Fire hydrants Keeping in view the safety requirement during construction, operation and maintenance phases, has formulated safety policy with the following regulations. To take steps to ensure that all known safety factors are taken into account in the design, construction, operation and maintenance of Plants, machinery and equipment. To allocate sufficient resources to maintain safe and healthy conditions of work. To ensure that adequate safety instructions are given to all employees. To provide where ever necessary protective equipment, safety appliances and clothing and to ensure their proper use. To inform employees about materials, equipments or processes used in their work which are known to be potentially hazardous to health and safety? 7.17

148 To keep all operations and methods of work under regular review for making necessary changes from the safety point of view in the light of experience and up to date knowledge. To provide appropriate facilities for first aid and prompt treatment of injuries and illness at work. To provide appropriate instructions, training and supervision to employee s health and safety, first aid and to ensure that adequate publicity is given to these matters. To ensure proper implementation of fire preventive methods and an appropriate fire fighting service along with training facilities for personnel involved in this service. To publish / notify regulations, instructions and notices in the common language employees. To prepare separate safety rules for each type of process involved. To ensure regular safety inspection by a competent person at suitable intervals of all buildings, equipments, work places and operations SAFETY ORGANISATION CONSTRUCTION AND ERECTION PHASE A highly qualified and experienced safety officer will be appointed. The responsibilities of the safety officers include identification of the hazardous conditions and unsafe acts of workers and advise on corrective actions, conduct safety audit, organize training programmes and provide professional expert advice on various issues related to occupational safety and health. In addition to employment of safety officer, every contractor, who employees more than 250 workers, should also employ one safety officer to ensure safety of the workers in accordance with the conditions of the contract. 7.18

149 OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PHASE When the construction is completed the posting of safety officers should be in accordance with the requirement of factories act and their duties and responsibilities should be as defined there of SAFETY CIRCLE In order to fully develop the capabilities of the employees in identification of hazardous processes and improving safety and health, safety circles would be constituted in each area of work. The circle would consist of 5-6 employees from that area. The circle normally should meet for about an hour every week SAFETY TRAINING A fully fledged training centre will be established at CHHATTISGARH POWER AND COAL BENEFICATION LTD. Safety training will be provided by the safety officers with the assistance of faculty members called from professional safety institutions and universities. In addition to regular employees, limited contractor labors will also given safety training. To create safety awareness safety films will be shown to workers and leaflets etc. will be distributed. Reliable and dependable type of fire detection system with proper zoning and interlocks for alarms are effective protection methods for conveyor galleries. Housekeeping of high standard helps in eliminating the causes of fire and regular fire watching system strengthens fire prevention and firefighting HEALTH AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN All the potential occupational hazardous work places will be monitored regularly. The health of employees working in these areas will be monitored once in a year 7.5 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT The local areas will be benefited by way of generation of employment opportunities, increased demand for local products and services. There will be an overall improvement in the income level of the local people. 7.19

150 The project creates employment to about 100 persons once the proposed project is commissioned and for 150 persons during construction stage of proposed project. Priority will be given to locals for Semi-Skilled and Unskilled workers. The project proponent intends to provide welfare activities recreational facilities in the surrounding villages once the plant commences production. The management intends to conduct regular health checkups in the surrounding villages. Therefore there will be a certain enhancement of educational and medical standards of people in the study area. There will be generally positive and beneficial impacts by way of economic improvements, transportation, aesthetic environment and business generation. There will be an overall upliftment of socioeconomic status of people in the area. 7.6 R & R ACTION PLAN There is no habitation in the proposed site for the proposed activity. Hence no Rehabilitation & Resettlement is envisaged in the proposed project. 7.20

151 8 CHAPTER 8 PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE Once the proposed project is commissioned the socio-economic status of the local people will improve and there by infrastructure facilities like communication systems and others will improve. 8.2 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE With the implementation of the proposed project, the socio-economic status of the local people will improve substantially. The land rates in the area will improve in the nearby areas due to the proposed plant. This will help in upliftment of the social status of the people in the area. Educational institutions will also come-up and will lead to improvement of educational status of the people in the area. Medical facilities will certainly improve due to the proposed project. 8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL The proposed project creates employment to 150 people during construction and 100 people during operation of the project SKILLED Total skilled employment in the proposed plant will be SEMI-SKILLED Total Semi-skilled employment in the proposed project will be 20. Priority will be given to local people for semi-skilled jobs UNSKILLED Total Unskilled employment in the proposed project will be 65. Top priority will be given to local people for unskilled jobs. 8.1

152 8.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES PROPOSED [CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY (CER)] [TOR # xiv & TOR # xx] CHHATTISGARH POWER AND COAL BENEFICATION LTD. will be actively contributing to improve the Socio-economic conditions of the area by providing assistance for local persons preferable from the nearby villages. The continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improve the quality of life of workforce and their families as well as that of the local community and society at large. As per the Ministry s Office Memorandum vide F.No /2017-IA.III dated 1 st May 2018, fund allocation for CER, for additional capital investment 100 Crores is 1% of the additional capital investment, which comes to Rs. 18 Lakhs (Capital Investment is Rs.18.0 Crores). However as committed during TOR Rs.30.0 Lakhs as capital cost and Rs. 10 Lakhs as annual recurring will be spent on Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) The following activities will be carried out in the proposed expansion proposal: S.No Major Activity Heads Community & Infrastructure Development Programmes (Development of village road, renovation of school buildings, providing Street Lights & its maintenance in panchayat area, maintenance of Temples in nearby Villages, drinking water facility, sanitation facilities, drainage facilities in nearby villages & schools) Skill & Entrepreneur Development (Skills updation on welder / Fitter / wiremen etc.) Education and Scholarship Programmes (Providing furniture, computers, library, sports equipment etc. for schools, Sponsorship for School Sport events, Merit Scholarships to School Children) Medical & health related activities (Ambulance facilities to villagers etc.) Other requirements as per needs of the nearby Village Panchayat & Public Hearing outcome Capital Cost (Rs. In Lakhs) Recurring Cost (Rs. In lakhs) Grand Total

153 9 CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS No specific TOR has been stipulated regarding Cost benefit analysis. All the required environmental protection measures will be implemented in the proposed expansion project and will be operated to comply with the MOEF&CC / CPCB / SPCB norms. Rs. 100 Lakhs have been earmarked as capital investment for EMP and Occupational Health & Safety and Rs. 12 Lakhs/Annum Recurring cost. BUDGET FOR EMP AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY S.No Particulars Capital Cost (Rs.in Lakhs) Recurring Cost / Annum (Rs.in Lacs) 1 Air Quality Dust Extraction systems with Bag filters Chimney Water Sprinklers Environment Monitoring 2 Wastewater Management Settling ponds Garland drains Monitoring 3 Solid waste Management Construction of Pucca Platform for storage Hazardous & Municipal solid waste storage 4 Greenbelt development, Land scaping & Noise levels monitoring 5 Occupational Health & Safety TOTAL

154 10 CHAPTER 10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10.1 INTRODUCTION [TOR # vi] The major objective and benefit of utilising Environmental Impact Assessment in project planning stage itself, is to prevent avoidable losses of environmental resources and values as a result of Environmental Management. Environmental Management includes protection / mitigation / enhancement measures as well as suggesting post project monitoring programme. Environmental management may suggest revision of project site or operation to avoid adverse impacts or more often additional project operations may have to be incorporated in the conventional operation. The industrial development in the study area needs to be intertwined with judicious utilisation of non-renewable resources of the study area and with in the limits of permissible assimilative capacity. The assimilative capacity of the study area is the maximum amount of pollution load that can be discharged in the environment without affecting the designated use and is governed by dilution, dispersion, and removal due to physico-chemical and biological processes. The Environment Management Plant (EMP) is required to ensure sustainable development in the study area of the proposed plant site, hence it needs to be an all encompassive plan for which the proposed industry, Government, Regulating agencies like Pollution Control Board working in the region and more importantly the affected population of the study area need to extend their cooperation and contribution. It has been evaluated that the study area has not been affected adversely and is likely to get new economical fillip. The affected environmental attributes in the region are air quality, water quality, soil, land use, ecology and public health. 10.1

155 The Management Action Plan aims at controlling pollution at the source level to the possible extent with the available and affordable technology followed by treatment measures before they are discharged. Environmental Management aims at the preservation of ecosystem by considering the pollution abatement facilities at the plant inception. In the upcoming modern coal washery plants, pollution abatement has become an integral part of planning and design along with Techno economic factors MANAGEMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE Environmental pollution is inevitable during the construction phase. The project proponent should take appropriate steps to control pollution during construction phase. The following are the factors requiring control during construction phase SITE PREPARATION At the time of construction of the project, there will be some quantity of soil and debris and produce unstable material. The disturbed slopes shall be well stabilized before the on set of the monsoon. The leveling operation will also involve piling up of backfill materials. Use of dust suppressant spraying to minimize fugitive dust during construction activities is recommended WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION The employees at the plant shall be provided with water for their requirement and for the construction activities. Sufficient and suitable toilet facilities will be provided to allow proper standards of hygiene. These facilities would preferably be connected to a septic tank and shall be maintained properly to have least environmental impact NOISE Noise is anticipated during the construction phase due to the usage of various construction equipment such as mechanical vibrator, mixers etc. The noise effect on the nearest inhabitations due to construction activity will be negligible. However, it is advisable that onsite workers working near the noise generating equipment shall be provided with noise protection devices like earplugs. 10.2

156 MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES One should be very careful in selecting the site for vehicle maintenance, so as to prevent the ground water contamination due to the spillage of oil. Both diesel and petrol engine vehicles shall be maintained properly. Unauthorized dumping of waste oil should be prohibited. Wastes should be disposed off to the CECB approved vendors WASTE The solid waste shall be collected and disposed off as per norms STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL The following hazardous materials need to be stored at the site during construction. a. Gas for welding purpose b. LDO c. Painting materials All these materials would be stored as per international safety standards LAND ENVIRONMENT The proposed project will not create any major impact on land environment. As soon as the construction activity is over, the surplus earth will be utilised to fill up low lying areas, the rubbish will be cleared and all in built surfaces will be reinstated. Appropriate vegetation will be planned and all such areas shall be landscaped. 3.7 acres of extensive greenbelt will be developed within the premises POST CONSTRUCTION PHASE AIR EMISSION MANAGEMENT S.No. Stack attached to Control Equipment a. Coal crusher Dust Extraction systems with Bag filters Particulate emission at the outlet < 50 mg/nm

157 FUGITIVE EMISSIONS Fugitive dust emissions are likely in the unloading areas, crusher area, material transfer point, screening area etc. Fugitive emission in the material unloading area will be avoided by providing dust suppression system. Dust extraction system with bagfilters will be provided at crusher. Crusher will be provided in covered shed. At other dust emanating areas material transfer points will be controlled by providing dust extraction system with bag filters. Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzles arrangement will be provided on the coal heaps and on land around the crusher. Green belt will be developed along the road side, coal handling plant and office building and all round the boundary line of the coal washery. Storage bunkers, hoppers, rubber decks in chutes and centrifugal chutes will be provided with proper rubber linings. Fugitive emissions will be regularly monitored in the plant area and CPCB stipulations regarding fugitive emission control and monitoring will be strictly followed. Control of Emissions at CHP In the coal handling plant, all required precautions will be taken up to prevent the air emissions. Unloading areas will be provided with dust suppression system. At the material transfer points, dust extraction system with bag filters will be provided. All conveyers will be completely covered with GI sheets to prevent fugitive dust emission. All transfer points will be provided with enclosures DUST SUPPRESSION SYSTEM Water sprinklers will be provided at the unloading areas of the raw materials for dust suppression. Dust suppression system with water sprinklers will be provided. 10.4

158 INTERNAL ROADS Internal roads will be asphalted to prevent the fugitive dust emission due to vehicular movement. Impacts Management plan Sources of dust emissions are: Raw material unloading Dust suppression system Coal yard Water sprinkling with fine atomizer nozzles arrangement on coal heaps and on land around the crusher. Storage bunkers, hoppers Proper rubber linings will be provided Coal crusher Dust extraction system with bag filters with outlet dust emission less than 50 mg/nm 3. Conveyers & transfer points Provided with sheet enclosures Due to Vehicular movement Internal roads will be Asphalted Avenue plantation along the village road COMPLIANCE ON CREP RECOMMENDATIONS All the following CREP recommendations will be implemented & followed strictly. Water will be sprayed at all strategic coal transfer points such as conveyors, loading unloading point s etc. Conveyors, transfer points etc. will be provided with enclosures. Crusher will be provided with enclosures, fitted with bag filters and finally emitted through a stack of minimum height of 30 m, conforming particulate emission standard of 50 mg/nm 3. Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzles arrangement will be provided on the coal heaps and on land around the crusher. Area, in and around the coal washery will be asphalted. Water consumption in the coal washery will be below 1.5 cubic meter per tonne of coal. The efficiency of the settling ponds of the waste water treatment system of the coal washery will not be less than 90%. Green belt will be developed along the road side, coal handling plants, residential complex, and office building and all round the boundary line of the coal washery. Storage bunkers, hoppers, rubber decks in chutes and centrifugal chutes will be provided with proper rubber linings. Vehicles movement in the coal washery area will be regulated effectively to avoid traffic congestion. High pressure horn will be prohibited. Smoke emission from heavy duty 10.5

159 vehicle operating in the coal washery would confirm the standards prescribed under Motor Vehicle Rules Difference in value of SPM measured between 25 to 30 m from the enclosure of coal crushing plant in the downwind and leeward direction will not exceed 50 mg/nm 3. This method is based on High volume samples and using average flow rate not exceeding 1.1m 3 /min. In the existing plant also, the SPM levels measured at 25 m from the enclosure of coal crushing plant is 38 mg/nm 3 which is < 50 mg/nm 3. Effluent Discharge Close circuit operation with zero effluent discharge will be adopted in the proposed project. Noise Levels Operation / working Zone not to exceed 85 dba for 8 hrs exposure. Recommendations a. The proposed air emission control equipment will be installed prior to commissioning the project. b. All the internal roads shall be asphalted to reduce the fugitive dust due to truck movement WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN TO MITIGATE THE ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO PROJECT [TOR # iii] IMPACTS Untreated waste water Ground water contamination Effluent discharge Impact downstream users of Arpa River due to water drawl Impact on Arpa River due to discharge of Effluent from MANAGEMENT PLAN Settling ponds with 95 % efficiency will be provided. Storage areas will be made pucca. Garland drainage system will be provided. Effluent will be treated in thickener and the supernatant will be utilized for dust suppression, plantation development and the balance will be reused in the process. Zero effluent discharge will be implemented. No water will be drawn from Arpa River. The water requirement for the proposed project will be supplied by Chhattisgarh State Industrial Development Corporation (CSIDC). Closed loop water system will be implemented in the proposed project. Hence there will not be any waste water generation from 10.6

160 IMPACTS proposed project MANAGEMENT PLAN process and cooling. Zero effluent discharge will be maintained in proposed project. The only waste water generation from the plant will be sanitary waste water. Ground water contamination due to effluent discharge The sanitary waste water will be treated in septic tank followed by soak pit. Zero effluent discharge will be maintained in proposed project. The sanitary waste water will be treated in septic tank followed by soak pit. Closed loop water system will be implemented in coal washery. Hence there will not be any waste water generation from process and cooling. As it is proposed to install Heavy media-based Coal Washery, in which water after washing of coal (waste water) will be recycled back. The efficiency of settling pond of the waste water system will be 95 %. Sanitary waste will be treated in septic tank by followed by sub-surface dispersion trench. The effluent from the plant will lead to the thickener and flocculants will be settlement of suspended solids and helps to give a clearer overflow. The settled solids are collected at the bottom cone of the thickener tank. The solids which are collected in the bottom of the thickener will be pumped to the multirole belt press for reclamation of water. The solid dried cake will be blended with rejects. The overflow of the thickener which is clear water will be recycled. The proposed plant is a zero effluent plant and the process selected ensures minimum generation of dust. All the MoEF&CC norms/crep recommendations for coal washeries will be implemented in the proposed project. 10.7

161 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT [TOR # xvii] Washery rejects is main solid waste generated from the proposed coal washery unit. Washery rejects of 0.4 MTPA will be given to Rejects based Power plant of M/s. Ambuja Cement Limited and M/s. Nuvoco Vistas Corp. Ltd. (formerly Lafarge India Limited) Arasmeta Cement Plant, Sonadih Cement, Jojobera Cement Plant. Copy of Letter of Interest for washery rejects to the above customers is enclosed as Annexure 10. TYPE OF SOLID S.No. WASTE 1 Washery rejects & Middling QUANTITY DISPOSAL PROPOSED (IN MTPA) 0.4 Will be given to Power plant of M/s. Ambuja Cement Limited and M/s. Nuvoco Vistas Corp. Ltd. (formerly Lafarge India Limited) Arasmeta Cement Plant, Sonadih Cement, Jojobera Cement Plant. Hazardous waste generation, storage & disposal: 1. Waste oil : 1.0 KL / Annum This will be stored in covered HDPE drums in a designated area and will be given to SPCB approved vendors. 10.8

162 2. Used Batteries: Used batteries will be given back to the supplier under buy cack agreement with supplier. Municipal Solid Waste Generation & its Disposal: Type of Municipal solid waste Construction debris (generated during construction phase) Canteen waste Recyclables Proposed method of disposal Used for landfill within the plant site to the extent possible and the remaining if any will be given to authorised recyclers. Used in composting / Vermiculture Used as manure for greenbelt development within the premises. Given to SPCB authorised dealers NOISE LEVEL MANAGEMENT The major noise generating sources in the plant are DG sets & crusher. Acoustic enclosure will be provided to DG sets. Crusher will be inside the covered shed. The major noise levels will be confined to the working zones of the plant. The Leq of eight hours will be within the prescribed standards. Community noise levels are not likely to be effected due to the proposed additional greenbelt and attenuation due to the physical barriers. The ambient noise levels will be less than 75 dba during day time & less than 70 dba during night time. As the nearest habitation is about 0.05 Kms. from the plant, there will not be any adverse impact on habitations due to the proposed project. Recommendations a) Acoustic enclosures will be provided to DG Set b) The impact can reduce by adopting shock absorbing techniques. c) Ear plugs shall be provided to the workers and this shall be enforced strictly. d) Extensive greenbelt shall be developed for further attenuating the noise levels LAND ENVIRONMENT All the required Air emission Control systems will be provided in the proposed project. Zero effluent discharge will be maintained in the proposed project. Hence there will not be any impact on land environment due to the proposed project. The solid waste generated from the project will be utilized / disposed as per norms. Hence there will not be any adverse 10.9

163 impact on land environment due to the solid waste generated from the proposed project activities. 1/3 of the Greenbelt i.e. 3.7 Acres will be developed periphery of the Plant area will have positive impact on land environment. Lawn will be developed in open areas & at admin building and other areas to reduce the soil erosion within the premises. A brief plan for soil conservation is given below: 1. Rain water coming down from the nearby hill will be diverted in to the natural drain. 2. The M wide greenbelt on all sides shall be at least 30 to 50 cm lower than the adjacent ground. Along the gradient, the greenbelt shall be divided in to a number of plots by small bunds filled with rocks. There shall be a gradient of about 30 cm from plot to plot. All the storm water flows in to the plots of greenbelt from different points and then it flows from one plot another down below. It looks like a miniature terrace cultivation. Ultimately, the surplus water will flow in to an onsite pond for percolation and settling. The soil structure is such that most of the water will sink in to ground within a few days. If there is any water in the rain water collection pond, it will be used for plantations, gardening, and dust suppression. When the pond becomes dry, the silt and soil particles settled at the bottom shall be taken out and spread thinly over the soil in the greenbelt. Recommendations Land scaping can be done around the Administrative building, raw material storage areas, etc. This will help in preserving the ecological conditions MEASURES FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ECOLOGY There are no Wild life sanctuaries, Bird sanctuaries, National Parks within 10 Km. radius of the plant. No significant vegetation occurs in and around the project site. No significant fauna exists in the area. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on flora & fauna due to the proposed project. Recommendations Plantation programme should be undertaken at several areas. They should include plantation, along the internal and external roads and along the administrative buildings and the stacking yards

164 People should be educated and trained in social forestry activities by local governmental and non-governmental organizations GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT [TOR # iv] Extensive greenbelt will be developed to mitigate the impacts on Environment. This will further mitigate the impacts. 10 to 20 m wide greenbelt will be developed all around the plant. A detailed greenbelt plan will be developed in as per CPCB guidelines in consultation with local DFO. Greenbelt plantation Greenbelt will be developed in a set of rows of trees planted in such a way that they form an effective barrier between the plant and the surroundings. The main purpose of greenbelt development is to contribute to the following factors. To maintain the ecological homeostatus. To attenuate the emissions and the fugitive dust emissions. To prevent the soil erosion. To attenuate the noise levels. Plantation of grass, flowers, bushes and trees will be taken up to reduce the generation of dust from the bare earth and to enhance the aesthetic value. Plantation species Plantation species will be considered based on the following. Suitable to the Geo-climatic conditions of the area. Mix of round, spreading, oblong and conical canopies. Ever green trees. Different heights ranging from 4m to 20m. Plantation for Arresting dust Trees particularly having compact branching closely arranged leaves of simple elliptical and hairy structure, shiny or waxy leaves and hairy twigs are efficient filters of dust. The following species are suggested to arrest the dust 10.11

165 Alstonia Scholaris Bauhinia purpurea Cassia siamea Peltoferrum ferrugineum Butea monosperma Tamarindus indica Azadirachta indica Plantation to absorb SO2 emissions The following plants are suggested for plantation to absorb SO2 in the air. Azadirachta indica Albizia lebbeck Alstonia scholaris Lagerstroemia flosregineae Melia azedarach Minusops elangi Poloyalthia longifloia Plantation to reduce noise pollution Trees having thick and flushy leaves with petioles are suitable. Heavier branches and trunks of trees also deflect the sound waves. The following plant species are suggested to reduce noise pollution. Alstonia scholaris Azadirachta indica Melia monosperma Grevillea peridifolia Tamarindus indica Greavillea robusta Plantation along the roads (Avenue plantation) Alstonia scholaris Cassia fistula 10.12

166 Bauhinia purpurea Mimusops elangi Pongamia pinnata Polyalthia longifolia Poluferrum ferrugineum Lagerstroemia flosreginea Cassia siamea. Greenbelt development plan Local DFO will be consulted in developing the green belt. 3.7 Acres of extensive greenbelt will be developed in the plant premises as per CPCB guidelines. 10 to 20 m wide greenbelt around the plant will be developed around the plant. The tree species to be selected for the plantation are pollutant tolerant, fast growing, wind firm, deep rooted. A three tier plantation is proposed comprising of an outer most belt of taller trees which will act as barrier, middle core acting as air cleaner and the innermost core which may be termed as absorptive layer consisting of trees which are known to be particularly tolerant to pollutants. 600 nos. of plants will be planted per acre as per CPCB guidelines RAINWATER HARVESTING [TOR # ix] Rainwater harvesting structures will be constructed to harvest the run-off water from roof tops by laying a separate storm water drainage system for recharging of ground water. Rain water harvesting will be taken-up in consultation with Central Ground Water Board. The water conserved will be used to meet the plant water requirement. Supporting calculations are shown in the subsequent slide. Rain water harvesting and groundwater recharge structures also will be constructed outside the plant premises in Heads to augment the ground water level. consultation with local Gram Panchayat and Village 10.13

167 Post-construction Run off The average rainfall and the land area have been taken up for the estimation of runoff for the prediction from the project site. As the vacant exposed land would be converted in to built up land, the natural recharge that had taken place during the pre-construction period would not occur and hence there would be meagre infiltration. The losses such as, Percolation, evaporation and other unforeseen loses have been considered. The following is the Plan for rain water harvesting measure at plant site. Total Area = M 2 Average annual rainfall = 1330 mm Quantum of Rain water that can be harvested from the premises a) Average annual rainfall = 1.33 m b) Runoff co-efficient Runoff co-efficient for Roof area = 90% Runoff co-efficient for Roads and Paved area = 80% Runoff co-efficient for Open area = 40% Runoff co-efficient for Green belt area = 20% c) Details of Rain water harvesting potential S.No. Type of area Total Area (m 2 ) Runoff Co-efficient Rainfall in m Rainwater Collection Potential (m 3 ) 1. Plant Built up area Raw Coal Storage yard Washed Coal Storage yard Water storage & RWH Internal roads Parking area Greenbelt Total

168 The potential rain water that can be collected will be m 3 /year. This conserved water will be utilised for plant water requirement. Accordingly the net water requirement for the plant will reduce POST PROJECT MONITORING STRATEGY The monitoring of various environmental parameters is necessary as part of the environmental protection measures. Monitoring is an important feature because the efficiency of control measures can only be determined by monitoring. A comprehensive monitoring programme is given under. Locations and frequency of monitoring as per the guidelines of CECB and MoEF&CC are tabulated below. MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS S.No. Particulars Frequency of Monitoring Duration of sampling Parameters required to be monitored 1.Water & Waste water quality A. Water quality Once in a month Grab sampling As per IS: (around storage yards) 2. Air Quality A. Stack Monitoring Once in a month PM B. Ambient Air quality Twice a week 24 hours continuously PM2.5, PM10, SO2 & NOx C. Fugitive emission Once in a month 8 hours PM monitoring 3. Noise Levels A. Noise Levels Once in a month one day in a month on hourly basis Ambient Noise levels in dba Infrastructure for Environmental Protection Man Power The project proponent shall provide a fully equipped laboratory to carry out the analysis. The following manpower shall be provided on regular basis

169 1. Environmental Engineer / Safety Officer He should be a graduate engineer with adequate experience. He will be responsible for implementing and monitoring the environmental impacts and all the safety aspects. He should be a liasioning officer between the plant and the regulatory agencies like CECB, CPCB etc. 2. Chemist He should be a qualified chemist to carry out the analysis of various samples. 3. Monitoring equipment and Consumables Environmental monitoring during the operation phase of the plant will be entrusted to a third party. Monitoring will be carried out as per CPCB/CECB norms. A budgetary allocation of Rs. 5.0 Lakhs will be earmarked for Environmental monitoring. Noise levels A sound level meter shall be purchased to record noise levels in different scales like A, B and C with slow and fast response options at various generating source from D.G set which will be used only when there is an interruption in the power supply COSTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Capital Cost for Environment Protection for total project Total Recurring Cost for Environmental protection : Rs. 100 Lakhs : Rs. 12 lakhs per annum. BUDGET FOR EMP AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY S.No Particulars Capital Cost (Rs.in Lakhs) 1 Air Quality Dust Extraction systems with Bag filters Chimney Water Sprinklers Environment Monitoring 2 Wastewater Management Settling ponds Garland drains Recurring Cost / Annum (Rs.in Lacs)

170 S.No Particulars Capital Cost (Rs.in Lakhs) Recurring Cost / Annum (Rs.in Lacs) Monitoring 3 Solid waste Management Construction of Pucca Platform for storage Hazardous & Municipal solid waste storage 4 Greenbelt development, Land scaping & Noise levels monitoring 5 Occupational Health & Safety TOTAL

171 11 CHAPTER 11 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 11.1 INTRODUCTION Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Beneficiation Limited is an existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery at Plot No. 60 A & 60 B, Sirgitti Industrial Growth Centre, Bilaspur Tehsil & District, Chhattisgarh. Existing plant was established prior to EIA notification 2006 & its subsequent amendments. Hence Environment Clearance is not applicable to the existing plant. Existing plant has obtained Consent to Establishment from Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board (CECB) vide letter no. 1775/TS/CECB/2004 Raipur dated 24/05/2004 and is operating with valid Consents. Now company proposes for modernization cum expansion of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery to 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone Type Coal Washery. Existing plant is located in the acres of land and present proposal will be taken up in the existing plant premises only. As per the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, New Delhi EIA notification, dated 14 th September, 2006 & its subsequent amendment, all Coal Washeries above 1.0 MTPA are classified under Category A DETAILS ABOUT THE PROJECT 1. Location of the Project : Plot No. 60 A & 60 B, Sirgitti Industrial Growth Centre, Bilaspur Tehsil & District, Chhattisgarh 2. Proposed Project : expansion of existing 1.25 MTPA Fluidise Bed Classifer type Coal Washery to 2.0 MTPA Heavy Media Cyclone type Coal Washery 3. Total land : Acres / 4.49 Ha. 4. Proposed project cost : Rs.18.0 Crores 5. Source of water : The water requirement for the proposed project will be supplied by Chhattisgarh State Industrial Development Corporation (CSIDC). 6. Water requirement : 400 cum/day 7. Wastewater generation : 8 cum/day (Only sanitary waste water) 8. Air Emission Control equipment s : Dust Extraction systems with Bag filters 11.1

172 proposed 9. Wastewater management : Closed circuit water system will be provided in Coal washery. Hence there will not be any wastewater generation from the process. Sanitary wastewater will be treated in Septic Tank followed by sub-surface dispersion trench. Zero effluent discharge system will be maintained in the proposed project. 10. Solid waste disposal : Rejects generated from the plant will be given to M/s. Ambuja Cement Limited and M/s. Nuvoco Vistas Corp. Ltd. (formerly Lafarge India Limited) Arasmeta Cement Plant, Sonadih Cement, Jojobera Cement Plant 11. Green belt development : Greenbelt of 3.7 acres will be developed in the plant premises as per CPCB guidelines BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS The process comprises coal crushing, screening, washing and materials handling to produce clean coal with ash content less than 34%. The washery will generate rejects, which will be sold to the prospective buyers. Wet coal beneficiation process has been selected as it is less polluting as compared to the dry process and suit to the specific customer s requirement of lower ash content coal. It has been planned to adopted heavy media cyclone technology with closed circuit water system to ensure zero effluent discharge. Closed loop water system is proposed in the process, hence there will not be waste water generation from process. Sanitary waste will be treated in septic tank by Sub-surface dispersion trench CONCLUSION Management of Chhattisgarh Power & Coal Benefication Private Limited will support local areas that will be benefited by way of generation of employment opportunities, increased demand for local products and services. There will be an overall improvement in the income level of the local people. The proposed project will create direct employment of 100 and during the construction to around 150 persons. With the development of this plant there will be lot of scope for more industrial investments which in turn will benefit the nation. 11.2

173 12 CHAPTER 12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED 12.1 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED PIONEER ENVIRO LABORATORIES & CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD. is QCI-NABET accredited EIA Consultant, vide certificate No. NABET/ EIA/ 1619/ RA 026 & ISO certified company. It is one of the leading Environmental Consultancy organizations in South India and Chhattisgarh. Established in 1996 PIONEER ENVIRO has an excellent track record of serving several well-established Group companies across the Country. PIONEER ENVIRO is a team of professionals in various disciplines such as Environmental Engineering & Environmental Management. The team is slated to double in next two years. Our goals are to provide all of our clients with quality services at a fair, competitive price. By offering a turnkey service (excepting some specific areas), we can maximize the efficiency of data collection so that our clients pay one time for similar services. The technologies deployed at PIONEER ENVIRO are current and leading edge, duly validated. PIONEER ENVIRO has an exceptional team of Environment professionals. PIONEER ENVIRO has the expertise to assess the impact of various industrial activities such Coal Washery, Power Plants, Steel Plants, Distilleries, Cement Plants etc., on the environment. These assessments will help the industry to install the best Environmental Management Systems and to maintain the plant in accordance with the norms stipulated for ISO & ISO PIONEER ENVIRO services range from site assessments, environmental audits, environmental impact statements and risk assessments to waste management. Following are some of the services which are PIONEER ENVIRO core competency: Helping the client to select the suitable site as per the norms of Ministry of Environment and Forest, Govt. of India and State Pollution Control Boards in India. Environmental Impact assessment studies carried out as per the guidelines issued by Ministry of Environment and Forest, Govt. of India and State Pollution Control Boards in India. 12.1

174 Environment Audits. Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Studies. Occupational health & industrial hygiene. Solid waste management. Environmental baseline studies covering the fields of ambient Air, Surface water, Ground water, Soil, Noise and Biological Environment (Flora & Fauna). Stack Emission Monitoring, Effluent Analysis, Ground water analysis. Design of Effluent Treatment Plant Design of Sewage Treatment Plant 12.2