CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION PLAN for Saigon Water Corporation (SAWACO), Ho Chi Minh City

Transcription

1 CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION PLAN for Saigon Water Corporation (SAWACO), Ho Chi Minh City International Workshop Green Designs for Integrated Urban Water Cycle Management Can Tho City, December 8, 2015 Rik Dierx Vitens Evides International +84 (0)

2 CONTENTS

3 Dau Tieng Canal Phuoc Hoa Dong Canal Tri an N46 Canal JSC Kenh Dong I m 3 /d Hoa Phu m 3 /d Hoa An m 3 /d Tan Hiep I m 3 /d BOO Thu Duc II m 3 /d Thu Duc I m 3 /d BOT Binh An m 3 /d BOT Binh An m 3 /d Tan Phu (groundwater) m 3 /d H C M C city center Reservoir River Raw water intake Raw water pipeline Clear water pipeline Binh Hung (groundwater) m 3 /d East Sea Water Treatment Plant SAWACO (100% shares) Water Treatment Plant JSC BOO BOT

4 m 3 / day PROJECTIONS Water demand SAWACO Masterplan + MWH demand projections Billed water NRW Master plan SAWACO** MWH-low** MWH-high** Water Production ** Max day (factor 1.1) data are used Year

5 Dau Tieng Canal Phuoc Hoa Dong Canal Tri an N46 Canal JSC Kenh Dong I m 3 /d Kenh Dong II (202?) m 3 /d Tan Hiep III (2025) m 3 /d Tan Hiep II (2016) m 3 /d Tan Hiep I m 3 /d Hoa Phu (current) (2016) (2025) m 3 /d Thu Duc V (2026) m 3 /d Thu Duc IV (2019) m 3 /d Thu Duc III(2015) m 3 /d BOO Thu Duc II m 3 /d BOT Binh An Thu Duc I m 3 /d m 3 /d Hoa An (current) (current) (2015) (2019) (2026) m 3 /d BOT Binh An m 3 /d Tan Phu (groundwater) m 3 /d H C M C city center Reservoir River Raw water intake Raw water pipeline Clear water pipeline Binh Hung (groundwater) m 3 /d East Sea Water Treatment Plant SAWACO (100% shares) Water Treatment Plant JSC BOO BOT

6 m 3 / day PROJECTIONS Water demand and production Master plan SAWACO** MWH-high** MWH-low** Water production * Design capacity Planned design capacity * Average day ** Capacity needed at maximum day 4,000,000 3,500,000 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000, , Year

7 CONTENTS

8 Saigon Water Corporation (SAWACO) Raw water intakes of the main water treatment plants serving Ho Chi Minh City

9 WATER QUALITY Saigon River Hoa Phu Intake

10 WATER QUALITY Saigon River Hoa Phu Intake

11 WATER QUALITY Saigon River Hoa Phu Intake

12 WATER QUALITY Saigon River Hoa Phu Intake

13 WATER QUALITY Saigon River Hoa Phu Intake

14 Chloride [mg/l] WATER QUALITY Saigon River Hoa Phu Intake Chloride (mg/l) WHO /1 8/1 15/1 22/1 29/1 5/2 12/2 19/2 26/2 5/3 12/3 19/3 26/3 2/4 9/4 16/4 23/4 30/4 dry season : January - April

15 1:00 6:00 11:00 16:00 21:00 2:00 7:00 12:00 17:00 22:00 3:00 8:00 13:00 18:00 23:00 4:00 9:00 14:00 19:00 0:00 5:00 10:00 15:00 20:00 1:00 6:00 11:00 16:00 21:00 2:00 7:00 12:00 17:00 22:00 3:00 8:00 13:00 18:00 23:00 4:00 9:00 14:00 19:00 0: Saigon Water Corporation Tan Hiep WTP Chloride content Sai Gon River at Hoa Phu intake Water level (red) and salinity (blue) of the Sai Gon River at the Hoa Phu intake from 11 to 19 April

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17 SAWACO s Outline of Protection and Adaptation to Changes in Water Resources, 2012 PASSIVE a. Reforestation catchment areas b. Construction of sea barrier in estuary of Dong Nai / Nha Be river c. Control of industrial zone development up- (and down-)stream of intakes ACTIVE / PASSIVE a. Request to Tri An & Dau Tieng authorities to flush Dong Nai & Saigon rivers ACTIVE a. New treatment technologies b. Construction of retention reservoirs c. Relocation of water intakes to Tri An and Dau Tieng reservoir 17

18 The function of retention reservoirs Stop intake of raw water in case of high salinity or point pollution High salinity occurs because of intrusion of saline water from the sea In the future, increased salinity can be expected due to rising sea levels Industrial or agriculture spills Shipping accidents ONE DAY STORAGE CAPACITY WILL LIKELY BE SUFFICIENT General improvement of raw water quality Pre-sedimentation resulting in lower and more stable levels of turbidity Water quality improvement as a result of self-purification As a result of peak-shaving, no breakthrough of particles and micro-organisms More stable operation of water treatment processes at the WTP MULTIPLE DAYS OF STORAGE CAPACITY REQUIRED 18

19 ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES ASSESSMENT Case: Tan Hiep WTP, Ho Chi Minh City OPTIONS Effect on salinity level in raw water Effect on raw water quality Cost estimate Political feasibility and spatial planning Robustness within future developments A. Flushing B. One-day C. Multiple-days D. Multi-function E. Pipeline of the Saigon river retention reservoir retention reservoir retention reservoir from Dau Tieng Possible too late Below limits Well below limits Well below limits Well below limits Temporarily and likely too late No investment costs; operational costs depend on contractual arrangements with Tri An and/or Dau Tieng reservoir authorities; likely a combination of fixed and variable charges (depending on the quantities of water actually discharged for purpose of flushing by reservoir authorities) Current practice, but needs to be institutionalized SAWACO depends on adherence of reservoir authorities to contractual arrangements and goodwill; risk of reacting after the fact remains, but as far as salinity is concerned can be mitigated by water quality modeling Little improvement, impact of point pollutions can be decreased Not yet assessed Land acquisition Construction of reservoir Piping materials Pumps In-reservoir treatment processes Since only a relative small area is needed of ha; this option seems feasible This is a short to medium term solution; in the long term and in a high impact climate change scenario, a one-day retention reservoir may not be sufficient to mitigate the salinity intrusion problem Improves substantially Not yet assessed Land acquisition Construction of reservoir Piping materials Pumps In-reservoir treatment processes This will require a larger area depending on the retention period required; at least 60 ha and up to 400 ha; less feasible than option A This is a long term solution and will work in case of all climate scenarios Most likely to improve substantially, depending on size, type and operation Not yet assessed Land acquisition Construction of reservoir Piping materials Pumps In-reservoir treatment processes Cost sharing between flood and water supply retention Seems more feasible compared to a multipleday retention reservoir only for water supply as it combines two functions; area required will be >400 ha This is a long term solution and will work in all climate scenarios; the challenge is to meet the requirements for both functions (i.e. water supply and flood control) Likely improves: wastewater discharges downstream of Dau Tieng reservoir Investment costs: 1,200 million USD 1,333 USD/m 3 (Source: JICA, The study on water supply improvements in Ho Chi Minh City, 2013) Pipe has to run through other provinces than HCMC, which increases the administrative and political hurdles to take; in the Prime minister approved master plan of SAWACO this scheme has been mentioned as to be studied This is a long term solution and will work in all climate scenarios; there is some uncertainty on water pollution and quality issues; need for catchment area protection

20 OPTIONS Effect on salinity level in raw water Effect on raw water quality Cost estimate Political feasibility and spatial planning Robustness within future developments A. Flushing B. One-day C. Multiple-days D. Multi-function E. Pipeline of the Saigon river retention reservoir retention reservoir retention reservoir from Dau Tieng Possible too late Below limits Well below limits Well below limits Well below limits Temporarily and likely too late No investment costs; operational costs depend on contractual arrangements with Tri An and/or Dau Tieng reservoir authorities; likely a combination of fixed and variable charges (depending on the quantities of water actually discharged for purpose of flushing by reservoir authorities) Current practice, but needs to be institutionalized SAWACO depends on adherence of reservoir authorities to contractual arrangements and goodwill; risk of reacting after the fact remains, but as far as salinity is concerned can be mitigated by water quality modeling Little improvement, impact of point pollutions can be decreased Not yet assessed Land acquisition Construction of reservoir Piping materials Pumps In-reservoir treatment processes Since only a relative small area is needed of ha; this option seems feasible This is a short to medium term solution; in the long term and in a high impact climate change scenario, a one-day retention reservoir may not be sufficient to mitigate the salinity intrusion problem Improves substantially Not yet assessed Land acquisition Construction of reservoir Piping materials Pumps In-reservoir treatment processes This will require a larger area depending on the retention period required; at least 60 ha and up to 400 ha; less feasible than option A This is a long term solution and will work in case of all climate scenarios Most likely to improve substantially, depending on size, type and operation Not yet assessed Land acquisition Construction of reservoir Piping materials Pumps In-reservoir treatment processes Cost sharing between flood and water supply retention Seems more feasible compared to a multipleday retention reservoir only for water supply as it combines two functions; area required will be >400 ha This is a long term solution and will work in all climate scenarios; the challenge is to meet the requirements for both functions (i.e. water supply and flood control) Likely improves: wastewater discharges downstream of Dau Tieng reservoir Investment costs: 1,200 million USD 1,333 USD/m 3 (Source: JICA, The study on water supply improvements in Ho Chi Minh City, 2013) Pipe has to run through other provinces than HCMC, which increases the administrative and political hurdles to take; in the Prime minister approved master plan of SAWACO this scheme has been mentioned as to be studied This is a long term solution and will work in all climate scenarios; there is some uncertainty on water pollution and quality issues; need for catchment area protection

21 ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES ASSESSMENT OPTION A Effect on salinity level in raw water Effect on raw water quality Cost estimate Political feasibility and spatial planning Robustness within future developments Possible too late Temporarily and likely too late Flushing of the Saigon river No investment costs; operational costs depend on contractual arrangements with Tri An and/or Dau Tieng reservoir authorities; likely a combination of fixed and variable charges (depending on the quantities of water actually discharged for purpose of flushing by reservoir authorities) Current practice, but needs to be institutionalized SAWACO depends on adherence of reservoir authorities to contractual arrangements and goodwill; risk of reacting after the fact remains, but as far as salinity is concerned can be mitigated by water quality modeling

22 ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES ASSESSMENT OPTION B One-day retention reservoir Effect on salinity level in raw water Effect on raw water quality Cost estimate Political feasibility and spatial planning Robustness within future developments Below limits Little improvement, impact of point pollutions can be decreased Not yet assessed Land acquisition Construction of reservoir Piping materials Pumps In-reservoir treatment processes Since only a relative small area is needed of ha; this option seems feasible This is a short to medium term solution; in the long term and in a high impact climate change scenario, a one-day retention reservoir may not be sufficient to mitigate the salinity intrusion problem

23 ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES ASSESSMENT Suggested site of a one-day retention reservoir near Hoa Phu raw water intake 1-day reservoir Hoa Phu raw water intake 600 m

24 ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES ASSESSMENT OPTION C Effect on salinity level in raw water Effect on raw water quality Cost estimate Political feasibility and spatial planning Robustness within future developments Well below limits Multiple-days retention reservoir Improves substantially Not yet assessed Land acquisition Construction of reservoir Piping materials Pumps In-reservoir treatment processes This will require a larger area depending on the retention period required; at least 60 ha and up to 400 ha; less feasible than option A This is a long term solution and will work in case of all climate scenarios

25 ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES ASSESSMENT (Three sequential) multiple-days retention reservoirs: The Biesbosch, Netherlands 3.6 km

26 ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES ASSESSMENT Suggested sites of (three sequential) multiple-days retention reservoirs: Củ Chi District, Ho Chi Minh City 3.6 km

27 ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES ASSESSMENT OPTION D Effect on salinity level in raw water Effect on raw water quality Cost estimate Political feasibility and spatial planning Robustness within future developments Multi-function retention reservoir Well below limits Most likely to improve substantially, depending on size, type and operation Not yet assessed Land acquisition Construction of reservoir Piping materials Pumps In-reservoir treatment processes Cost sharing between flood and water supply retention Seems more feasible compared to a multiple-day retention reservoir only for water supply as it combines two functions; area required will be >400 ha This is a long term solution and will work in all climate scenarios; the challenge is to meet the requirements for both functions (i.e. water supply and flood control)

28 ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES ASSESSMENT Suggested sites of two sequential multi-function retention reservoirs to serve: Reservoir 300 ha Saigon river Hoa Phu intake (a) public water supply and (b)flood control Reservoir 400 ha 3.6 km Tan Hiep WTP

29 ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES ASSESSMENT OPTION E Pipeline from Dau Tieng Effect on salinity level in raw water Effect on raw water quality Cost estimate Political feasibility and spatial planning Robustness within future developments Well below limits Likely improves: wastewater discharges downstream of Dau Tieng reservoir Investment costs: 1,200 million USD 1,333 USD/m 3 (Source: JICA, The study on water supply improvements in Ho Chi Minh City, 2013) Pipe has to run through other provinces than HCMC, which increases the administrative and political hurdles to take; in the Prime minister approved master plan of SAWACO this scheme has been mentioned as to be studied This is a long term solution and will work in all climate scenarios; there is some uncertainty on water pollution and quality issues; need for catchment area protection

30 ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES ASSESSMENT OPTIONS A. Flushing of Dong Nai and/or Saigon river B. One-day retention reservoir C. Multiple-days retention reservoir D. Multi-function retention reservoir E. Pipeline from Dau Tieng Effect on salinity level in raw water Effect on raw water quality Cost estimate Political feasibility and spatial planning Robustness within future developments Total Score

31 ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES WORKSHOP total score

32 Strategic directions ADAPTATION MEASURES ACTIVE MEASURE PASSIVE MEASURE SHORT TERM <2020 MEDIUM TERM LONG TERM > Alternative water sources OPTIONS RETENTION TAN HIEP 1-DAY RETENTION RESERVOIRS (MULTI-FUNCTIONAL) LARGE RETENTION RESERVOIR FOR TAN HIEP PLANNING PIPELINE ROUTE TRI AN THU DUC PIPELINE TRI AN THU DUC 2 Water source protection and additional treatment FLUSHING FROM DAU TIENG & TRI AN RESERVOIRS INTER-REGIONAL WATER QUALITY MONITORING LOBBY ON REGULATION OF WASTE WATER DISCHARGE ENHANCED TREATMENT 3 Infrastructure resilience FLOOD RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE (NEW) POWER BACKUP DIESEL GENERATORS REHABILITATION OF DISTRIBUTION NETWORK FLOOD RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE (EXISTING)

33 CONTENTS

34 IMPLEMENTATION ACCEPTANCE OF DRAFT CCAP BY SAWACO CONSULTATION OF RELATED DEPARTMENTS AND UPDATE OF CCAP SUBMISSION TO PEOPLE S COMMITTEE HCMC INCORPORATION IN REGIONAL PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION 5 YEAR PLANNING CYCLE

35 thank you cảm ơn Rik Dierx (VEI), +84 (0) ,