Industrial Waste Water Treatment. Unit 5

Transcription

1 Industrial Waste Water Treatment Unit 5

2 Outline 1 Water Water availability in the earth Distribution of available water in the earth Importance of industrial wastewater treatment Characteristics of waste water Constituents of concern in Industrial wastewater Various tests for wastewater Waste water treatment levels Advance waste water treatment methods

3 Water 2 Water is a transparent and nearly colourless liquid Most essential constituent for living organisms in the earth The molecular formula for water is H 2 O One oxygen and two Hydrogen atoms It also occurs in nature as snow, glaciers, icepacks and icebergs, clouds, fog, dew, aquifers, and atmospheric humidity. Life will not exist without water in our Mother Earth Anonymous

4 Water 3 Distribution of available water in the earth

5 Distribution of Water Salt water dominates 97.5% Salt Water About 97.5% of all water on earth is salt water Most fresh water is unattainable 2.5% Fresh water Only 2.5% of all the water on Earth is Fresh water Source: FAO,

6 Distribution of Water Most fresh water is unattainable Frozen icecaps 70% Polar Ice caps 2.5% Fresh water Around 70% of fresh water is frozen in Antarctica and green land icecaps Only 2.5% of all the water on Earth is Fresh water Underground Source: FAO, % Underground Most of the remaining fresh water lies too deep underground 5

7 Distribution of Water?% is available for Human Consumption 6

8 Distribution of Water <1% is available for Human Consumption 7

9 Water cycle 8

10 Water cycle Introduction 9

11 Water Stress 10

12 Water Stress Water stress occurs when the demand for water exceeds the available amount during a certain period or when poor quality restricts its use. Water stress causes deterioration of fresh water resources in terms of quantity Water stress European Environment Agency

13 - World wide 12

14 Really we need to think? 13

15 Water Stress India 14

16 Introduction 15

17 Introduction 16

18 Industries and Water Industrial water treatment - research database No. of Papers published from 2001 to 2009 No. of Papers year Source: Web of Science 17

19 Characteristics of waste water Water is characterized in terms of its Physical, Chemical and Biological Composition Test used to asses the constituents present in water 18

20 Characteristics of waste water Physical 19

21 Characteristics of waste water Physical 20

22 Characteristics of waste water Chemical (Inorganic) 21

23 Characteristics of waste water Chemical (Inorganic) 22

24 Characteristics of waste water Chemical (Organic) 23

25 Characteristics of waste water Biological 24

26 Constituents of concern in waste water Principal Constituents of concern in Industrial wastewater treatment 25

27 Constituents of concern in waste water Principal Constituents of concern in Industrial wastewater treatment 26

28 Levels of wastewater Treatment 27

29 Levels of wastewater Treatment 28

30 Levels of wastewater Treatment Treatment Methods employed Physical Screens, Coarse solids reducers, Grit separators, Flow equalizers, Sedimentation, Clarifiers - Mixing, flocculation, Coagulation, Filters Sand Filtration, Rotary filtration, Adsorption, Membrane separations Chemical Precipitation (oxidation and reduction) Biological Methods (Aerobic and Anaerobic) 29

31 References RICK SMOLAN and JENNIFER ERWITT, Blue Planet Run: The race to provide safe drinking water to the world, CORCORAN, E. (Editor); NELLEMANN, C. (Editor); BAKER, E. (Editor); BOS, R. (Editor); OSBORN, D. (Editor); SAVELLI, H. (Editor) (2010): Sick Water? The central role of wastewater management in sustainable development. A Rapid Response Assessment. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), UN-HABITAT, GRID-Arendal Water Resources Institute Metcalf and Eddy, Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse, 4 th Ed., McGraw, Hill 30