Drought and Supply Diversification

Transcription

1 Drought and Supply Diversification

2 Outline Who is WRF? IWRM or One Water Past & On-going Efforts to Support One Water Present One Water Projects Drought Related Work 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

3 WRF Mission To advance the science of water to improve the quality of life 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

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5 What does WRF do? Sponsor research funded primarily by drinking water utilities ~1,000 subscribers Promote collaboration Produce knowledge world s most extensive drinking water knowledge source 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

6 IWRM or One Water Water from all sources must be managed holistically and cooperatively to meet economic, social, and environmental needs Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

7 Support for IWRM Institutional Challenges Graywater reuse Potable Reuse WRF Research Focus Areas Water Supply Diversification Knowledge Portal 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

8 Institutional issues for "One Water" management Collaboration between WRF, WERF, and Water Research Australia 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

9 Institutional Issues Case studies snapshot examples from energy and urban planning Detailed case studies illustrate transition to one water emphasis internal drivers/approaches that led to successful transition external institutional drivers/incentives that created the change constraints and challenges in making the transition benefits of adopting a One Water approach 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

10 Beneficial Reuse of Graywater and Stormwater National Research Council Key Issues Quantity and Suitability Treatment and Storage Assessing Risks Assessing Costs and Benefits Implementation NRC 2012 Publication in 2015 Project Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

11 Blueprint for Onsite Water Systems - A Step-by-Step Guide for Developing a Local Program to Manage Onsite Water Systems Convene a Working Group Select the Types of Alternate Water Sources Identify End Uses Develop Water Quality Standards 10 Steps for Developing a Local Program Identify and Supplement Local Building Practices Develop Monitoring and Reporting Requirements Prepare an Operating Permitting Process Develop Guidelines and Implement the Program Monitor and Evaluate the Program Grow the Program 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

12 Potable Reuse Assessment of Techniques for Evaluating and Demonstrating Safety of DPR Product Water (4508) Blending Requirements for Water from DPR Treatment Facilities (4536) Collaboration with WateReuse DPR Initiative 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

13 WRF Project # Assessment of Techniques for Evaluating and Demonstrating Safety of Direct Potable Reuse Product Water Identify key criteria for water providers and regulators to assess the safety of DPR water Identify techniques and methodologies to assess DPR water safety Evaluate DPR treatment train effectiveness 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

14 WRF Project # Blending Requirements for Water from Direct Potable Reuse Treatment Facilities Develop requirements and guidelines for integrating potable reuse water with existing water supplies to meet water quality and operational performance goals. Evaluate and Demonstrate Blending Impacts Evaluate Benefits of Engineered Storage Buffer Develop Conditioning Strategies 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

15 Dual Water Systems: Characterization and Performance for Distribution of Reclaimed Water Published in 2013 Provides inventory of dual systems including 37 case studies Project 4333 Describes qualitative performance results water safety/public health effectiveness in meeting system goals risk/reliability total cost implementation/operations 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

16 WRF Focus Area Program Broadly relevant issues and challenges Targeted and sustained research effort 60% of our research budget 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

17 WRF Research Focus Area Program Holistic Strategies to Manage Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Water By 2015, evaluate and support holistic control strategies for managing contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in water. NDMA and other Nitrosamines By 2017 understand the occurrence, precursor formation, treatment and control, and fate of nitrosamines Finance By 2017 determine impacts of utility governance and ownership on financial sustainability Integrated Water/Energy Planning By 2016 develop strategies for multi-sector, regional, integrated waterenergy planning

18 New Focus Area - Integrated Water Management: Planning for Future Water Supplies Utilities are facing water supply challenges Drinking water and public health perspective is needed as part of IWRM discussion 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

19 Focus Area Objectives (draft) 1. Institutional and economic issues of using integrated water management as a water supply diversification tool 2. Improve water supply planning to ensure more integrated, resilient and reliable supplies 3. Public health and implementation considerations of nontraditional water sources, such as graywater and stormwater 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

20 Water Supply Diversification Knowledge Portal Topics include: Water Supply Planning Potable Reuse Managed underground storage Desalination Will include: Topic overviews Project directory Presentations Fact sheets Multimedia content Finalize Winter of Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

21 Drought 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

22 Project Information Funder: NOAA Proposal: Drought Management under a Changing Climate: Using Cost Benefit Analyses to Assist Drinking Water Utilities Water Research Foundation Cadmus National Drought Mitigation Center Funding $179K Jan 2014-Aug 2015

23 Study Aims To provide drinking water utilities with information and guidance on the estimating the costs and benefits of leading practices to get a better sense of system-specific vulnerabilities.

24 Research Team Water Research Foundation - Maureen Hodgins Cadmus Dr. Julie Blue, Dr. Richard Krop, Katherine Martel National Drought Mitigation Center Advisory role Dr. Cody Knutson, Dr. Michael Hayes, Mark Svoboda, Kelly Smith Project Advisory Committee Brian Skeens, CH2M Hill Taryn Finnessey, Colorado Conservation Water Board Dave Bracciano, Tampa Bay Water

25 Study Tasks Develop cost-benefit framework and white paper Identify drought related costs on utilities and customers (white paper) Identify drought related costs on utilities and customers (workshop) Feasibility of applying cost-benefit for drought mitigation planning Final Report and utility guidance

26 Frame Work for Evaluating Drought Management Plans Compare Annual Costs to Annual Benefits Simple Spreadsheet tool Support evaluations from a triple bottom line perspective

27 Example of Impacts and Costs # Participating Examples of Data To Be Provided Utility 1 Cobb Cty Marietta Water Authority, GA Informal surveying of financial impacts of the drought on local utilities, water quality effects from diminishing supply. 2 Charlotte Mecklenburg Utility, NC Water use restrictions, decreased consumption, drought management plan. 3 Oklahoma City Water, OK Pipe breaks and the higher turbidity from lower lake levels increased residuals generated by water treatment. 4 City of San Diego Public Utilities Dept., CA Education campaign, No Time to Waste No Water To Waste and drought response plans. 5 Aurora Water, CO New water purification facility, leasing, spot sales, conservation, lost revenue, surcharges, fixed charges, public education and marketing. Comparative data from 2002 and 2012 droughts. 6 Denver Water, CO Impacts to water quality and storage capacity of reservoirs (including wildfires). 7 El Dorado Irrigation District, CA Drought management plan, include varying water use and costs to set appropriate rates.

28 Literature Review Impacts of Drought Decreased supply Increased demand Damage to water infrastructure Water quality degradation Unreliable utility revenue

29 Decreased Supply

30 Avoided Costs Mean monthly WTP to avoid reductions in water availability (additional $/month in 2001$)

31 Increased Demand Region Land Subsidence Estimated Costs (2013$) Santa Clara Valley 14 feet ( ) $756 million San Joaquin Valley 28 feet (by 1970) $1.3 billion ( ) Source: Borchers and Carpenter (2014) Subsidence resulting from groundwater withdrawals in California Source: USGS (2000)

32 Impacts to Infrastructure Direct and societal costs of main breaks Source: Gaewski and Blaha (2007)

33 Impacts to Infrastructure 33-foot Drop in water level Source: Patton (2013)

34 Impacts to Water Quality

35 Hughes and Leurig (2013) Unreliable Revenue

36 WRF reports Water Quality Impacts Of Extreme Weather-Related Events. WRF Database tool with 46 case studies, 18 tagged with drought. Responding to Extreme Weather and Climate Events: Adaptation Strategies and Information Needs. WRF Very brief 5 case studies. 4 related to drought. Effects of Wildfire on Drinking Water Utilities and Best Practices for Wildfire Risk Reduction and Mitigation. WRF Report on the Operational and Economic Impacts of Hurricane Irene on Drinking Water Systems

37 Summary Prolonged exposures to drought will have multiple impacts to water suppliers Developing an analysis that puts costs and benefits in perspective will support effective planning

38 Thank You John Albert

39 TAC Composition Organization Type Water Utility Representatives Marsi Steirer San Diego, California Bruce Whiteberry - GCWW State Regulator Robert Mace Texas Water Development Board Shanin Speas-Frost FL DEP Federal Gov t Rep Water Associations/ Researchers Bob Bastian USEPA Office of Water Julie Minton WateReuse Research Foundation Michael Campana Oregon St/AWRA David Sedlak ReNuwIt/UC-Berkeley 2014 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

40 Drought: Socio-economic impacts Agricultural sector Websites U.S. Drought Portal, National Drought Mitigation Center,