MITIGATION COMPONENT OF SÃO TOME AND PRINCIPE NATIONAL DETERMINED CONTIBUTION

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1 MITIGATION COMPONENT OF SÃO TOME AND PRINCIPE NATIONAL DETERMINED CONTIBUTION REGIONAL EXPERT MEETING CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENHANCED RENEWABLE ENERGY DEPLOYMENT IN CENTRAL AFRICA 31 MAY 1 JUNE 2016 LIBREVILLE, GABON Adérito Santana Libreville, 31 MAY 2016

2 STP Presentation National circumstances Mitigation Contribution

3 NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES: STP - small island state, two islands and several islets, located in the Gulf of Guinea, surface of 1001 km2. Population -187,356 habitants, over 65% live below the poverty line and less than 50% have access to electricity services. GDP growth is around 4% which is not sufficient to meet the great development needs. Over 90% of the state budget comes from foreign aid and debt rate is high (70% of GDP). STP - Absolute GHG sink, ie contributes to the sequestration of CO2, but is one of the most affected by Climate Change.

4 NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES (CONT.): Institutional and legal framework to address the environmental challenges and CCs: Ministry of Infrastructure, Natural Resources and Environment, General Directorate for Environment (DGA) established in 2007 by Presidential Decree No. 2/2007, Designation of National Institute of Meteorology (INM) as a CC Focal Point Institution

5 NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES (CONT): Legal and institutional framework to manage and respond to environmental and CC challenges: Law No. 10/99 - Environmental Framework Law of 15 April 1999 establishing the legal framework of the environment in STP National Climate Change Committee for implementation, coordination, monitoring and evaluation of the issues related to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change established by Decree # 13/2012 of July 11, 2012

6 SUMMARY OF THE CC MANIFESTATIONS, IMPACTS AND VULNERABILITIES Tendency of increase in temperature, Change in the precipitations regime / tendency to decrease in rainfall, Longer dry period, Lower water levels in rivers and aquifers, Risk of decrease in the amount of groundwater, floods, Sea level rise Increased coastal erosion The negative impacts affecting energy production, agroforestry, agriculture and livestock, the economy, etc

7 1. Timeframe Type contribution of The type of contribution selected by STP in terms of mitigation is based on results, i.e. the reduction of greenhouse gases to levels below the BAU. The BAU scenario by 2030 was based on the last GHG inventory of 2005.

8 Taking into consideration the country's national economic, social and environmental situation, STP will not present any unconditional contributions. 3. Target Level The contributions of STP with regard to mitigation are conditioned by financial support, technological support and capacity-building that the country will receive from abroad.

9 4. GHG emission Reduction - In 2005, emissions were about 93 ktco2eq, - BAU projection indicates that to fulfil the condition of the supposed growth parameters by 2030, the emissions will reach 240 ktco2eq. - Potential contributions of STP to this date, are as follows: 1 - Isolated Mini Power plant (1 MW); 2 - Hydro Power plant connected to the main network (9 MW); 3 - Photovoltaic solar panels (12 MW); 4 - Mini-hydro Power plant connected to the main grid (4 MW).

10 4. GHG emission Reduction - Four (4) measures, introduction of about 47% renewable energy in the national electricity system compared to the projected BAU electricity production ( 34% is hydro and 13% solar ). - STP contribute to GHG emission reduction by about 57 ktco 2 eq, which approx. 24% national emission reduction by 2030 related to In 2030 expected emission, is about 240 ktco 2 eq (BAU scenario). - Expected net emissions from LULUCF (BAU) ktco2eq, net absorptions will be ktco2eq.

11 - Estimated cost about US$ 59 million - Time frame - between 2020 and Means of Implementation - Requested (needed) technologies: I. Hydropower Electricity Generation Systems; II. Photovoltaic Electricity Generation Systems. - Capacity-building for national expert to deal mentioned technologies.

12 6. Sectors The scope of the contribution covers all sectors of the national economy. 7. Gases CO 2, CH 4, NO x - Using GACMO model (UNEP DTU Partnership), BAU scenario 8. Accounting Methodology was constructed based on the national GHGI from 2005, according to the IPCC guidelines for NAI countries. - Mitigation measures were selected and prioritized based on consultation with stakeholders, which formed the basis for the calculation of the mitigation scenario. - The calculations were performed without including the absorption of CO 2 from forests.

13 Apart from the legal framework referred to in the 9. Institutional Arrangements National Circumstances, for the analysis of mitigation, it took into account: - Kyoto Protocol, ratified on May 19, 2008, by Presidential Decree No. 9/ Law about Legal Regime of the Energy Sector issued by Decree-law No. 26/2014.

14 - STP is a GHG sinkhole country. - However, it is willing to make further efforts 10. How is it equitable and adequate? to reduce its emissions subject of: Financial support, Technological resources and, Support for capacity-building it may receive from the international community.

15 The country elaborated a Monitoring and Progress 11. Monitoring and Progress Report Report System proposal (MPR) to (INDC) according to the needs, complying with international requirements of the monitoring activities and progress of certain national contributions to adaptation and mitigation.

16 Thank you very much!