1 st find water. Search for Life
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1 1 st find water Search for Life
2 Phoenix landed Phoenix Sunday found water 25 May in
3 Search for life 2 nd look for organic molecules Definition of organic molecules contains C and H Examples sugars, fats, proteins, nucleic acids
4 Curiosity Rover landed in 2012
5 Curiosity lands on Gale Crater Evidence of an ancient streambed 2. Found CNHOPS 3. Found organic compounds in rocks 4. Evidence of methane production
6 Was there life on Mars?
7 NOTES Chemical Bonds (Hold atoms together) Chemical bonds contain energy What happens when you break chemical bonds? What do you have to add to make big compounds?
8 3 types of chemical bonds Ionic = weak (hold salt together) Covalent = strong (holds organic molecules together) Hydrogen bonds = temporary hold water molecules together
9 NOTES Compounds 2 or more atoms chemically bound together 2 types Organic = C and H (ex: sugars, fats, proteins, nucleic acids) Inorganic (ex: H 2 O, O 2, CO 2 ) Living things are made up of both
10 NOTES 4 types of Organic Compounds necessary for life Carbohydrates (sugars) Proteins Lipids (fats) Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)
11 Organic compounds = stored energy Carbon containing molecules have a lot of chemical bonds Chemical bonds = energy Break down organic compounds release energy Ex: Combustion releases energy Ex: Chemical digestion and respiration release energy
12 Post-assessment Quiz What are living things made of Organic molecules Inorganic molecules Both Inorganic and inorganic molecules List the 4 types of organic molecules What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules What happens when you break chemical bonds
13 Go over Regents Practice Questions
14 Raw materials = Nutrients Living things are made up of CHNOPS = 6 most important elements of life These nutrients must recycled readily available to support life ROCK CYCLE AND PLATE TECTONICS IMPORTANT Earth = only planet with plate tectonics
15 Decomposers Definition Organisms that recycle nutrients by consuming dead organisms Ex: Bacteria and fungi
16 NOTES Water and Nutrient cycling
17 Why is Earth the only planet filled with life? Liquid water Atmosphere right amount of solar energy (not too much and not too little) Plate tectonics nutrient cycling
18 Water cycle activity in your notes
19 Things that put water into the atmosphere Evaporation = sun liquid water water vapor (gas) Sublimation = Sun ice water vapor (gas) Transpiration = sun leaves water leaves trees as a gas Respiration = living things breath out CO 2 and H 2 O
20 Processes that bring water down to the surface of the earth Condensation = water vapor (gas) liquid water Precipitation = water falls from the sky (rain, snow, sleet ) Runoff = water flows on land into lakes, rivers and streams
21 Draw a picture of a water molecule and state why it is so important to life
22 Draw a picture of the water cycle using all of the words from todays lesson Evaporation Transpiration Sublimation Condensation Precipitation Respiration Runoff
23 NOTES Water cycle summary Water atmosphere Evaporation = sun water vapor (gas) Transpiration = sun water leaves plants as a gas Stomates = openings in leaves Guard cells control size of opening control water loss Maintain homeostasis Example of Feedback Mechanisms sydneyr.det.nsw.edu.au
24 Regents Practice Questions
25 NOTES Elements must be recycled in ecosystems Decomposers recycle nutrients (C, N, P, S ) Bacteria and Fungi Release elements trapped in living tissues Plants use the inorganic nutrients released by decomposers
26 The Carbon Cycle 2 processes affecting the carbon cycle = Photosynthesis and Respiration Write the formula for each in your notes
27 Formula for photosynthesis (process that happens in plants)
28 Formula for respiration (process plants and animals use to release energy)
29 NOTES Carbon Cycle Carbon cycles between air, land and organisms All living things contain carbon Fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) come from remains of living organisms All fossil fuels contain carbon Photosynthesis CO 2 in air
30 Processes that release C into the air Aerobic Respiration organism use O 2 CO 2 in air Anaerobic respiration organisms without oxygen methane in air (CH 4 ) Decomposition CO 2 in air Combustion (burning) CO 2 in air Volcanoes release carbon
31 Note only 2 ways to take carbon out of air Photosynthesis = process that pulls carbon out of the air. Therefore - plants and forests = carbon sinks Air mixes with the ocean Therefore - the ocean = carbon sink when CO 2 enters the ocean it forms carbonic acid
32 Draw a picture of the carbon NOTES cycle
33 Human impacts on the Carbon cycle
34 CO 2 CH 4, H 2 O, NO x = greenhouse gases Gases that trap heat near surface of Earth
35 IS THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT GOOD OR BAD???
36 Mercury Venus Earth 333 F 855 F 59 F
37 Atmospheric CO2
38 Data analysis questions There are 2 time periods when the emissions rose When did atmospheric carbon emissions first begin to rise? 1850 When did the rate of carbon emissions go up steeply 1950 What was happening in the world during those times in history that might have caused the increase? 1850s = industrial revolution burning coal 1950s = oil gasoline for cars increased transportation
39 Climate Forcings (things that impact climates) How much as climate changed from ? Increased about 0.5⁰C What do sulfates and volcanos do to weather Decrease temperatures What do GHGs do to climate? Increase temperatures
40 Last updated: A Atmospheric CO 2 levels Pre-industrial = 280 ppm
41 Atmospheric CO 2 levels today
42 Why?????? Burning fossil fuels Deforestation
43 2007 IPCC Data indicates a 0.74ºC rise in global averages over the past century This image shows the instrumental record of global average temperatures as compiled by the NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies. The data set used follows the methodology outlined by Hansen et al. (2006). Following the common practice of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the zero on this figure is the mean temperature from Image created by Robert A. Rohde.
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45 Earlier spring snow melt in Barrow, Alaska /snomelt.html
46 Shrinking of polar ice sheets Tour of the Cryosphere video (
47 If the total sea ice extent in 1987 was 7.5 million square km and the 2007 value was 4.3 million square km, how much sea ice has been lost within this time period? (show your math) 7.5 million = 7.5 x million = 4.3 x 10 6 Difference = 3.2 x10 6 km 2
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53 Why?????? Burning fossil fuels Deforestation
54 Humans have a greater impact on ecosystems than any other organism due to their ability to alter their environment
Claim Evidence Reasoning Activity. The effect of CO 2 on temperature
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