Scott Prestidge Metro Denver EDC Energy Industry Manager
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1 Scott Prestidge Metro Denver EDC Energy Industry Manager
2 Metro Denver EDC Energy Trade Association 140 Members 70 Companies/Organizations Diverse: Vestas, RES Americas, Anadarko, Xcel, Tri-State, COGA, CCIA, Colorado School of Mines, NREL, etc. Promote Colorado Energy Industry Cluster Workforce, Suppliers, Commodities, Service Providers, Educational Institutions
3 Resource Rich Colorado Colorado s National and Global Position in the Energy Economy Fourth Edition, December 2012
4 Resource Rich Colorado Acknowledgements Competitive Analysis Committee Members Chris Hansen, IHS, Committee Chair John Armstrong, Enserca LLC. Beth Chacon, Xcel Energy Brian Payer, URS Corporation Matthew T. Palmer, Encana Marketing (USA) Inc. Larry Holdren, Pure Brand Communications
5 Oil
6 Dollars per Barrel Crude Oil Prices, Colorado produced oil prices trend below the national average; U.S. average price in 2011 was $94.88 per barrel U.S. Crude Oil $/Barrel Colorado Crude Oil $/Barrel Colorado crude oil $ Source: U.S. Department of Energy, OK-WTI, Energy Information Administration Fig. 1
7 Million Barrels per Year 600 Crude Oil Production by State, Colorado ranks 10th in crude oil production; Colorado production is on the rise CO ranks 10th in production 39 million barrels 0 TX AK CA ND OK NM LA WY KS CO Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Note: Crude oil includes all liquid hydrocarbons at surface, including lease condensates Fig. 2
8 Million Barrels Crude Oil Reserves & Utilization Rate Technology improvements contribute to growing reserves 7, % 6,000 Reserves ,000 Reserves 2010 Production , % 3,000 2, % 5.99% CO ranks 10th in reserves at 501 million barrels with a 6.59% annual utilization rate 1, % 7.05% 6.44% 12.64% 4.83% 0 TX AK CA ND OK NM WY LA UT CO Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Note: Utilization rate is the amount of reserves developed/produced annually; crude oil reserves include lease condensate Fig. 3
9 Million Barrels Oil Production Leaders, U.S. ranks 3rd in production; domestic production on the rise U.S. ranks 3rd in global production with 2.54 billion barrels Top eight producers represent over 50% of global production; total global production for 2011 was 29.4 billion barrels Saudi Arabia Russia U.S. Iran China Canada United Arab Emirates Source: International Energy Agency (IEA), Key World Energy Statistics Note: Includes crude oil, natural gas liquids, feedstocks, additives, and other hydrocarbons Venezuela Fig. 4
10 Million Barrels Top Net Exporters of Crude Oil, OPEC nations and Russia dominate the export market Saudi Arabia Russia Nigeria Iran United Arab Iraq Venezuela Angola Emirates Source: International Energy Agency, Key World Energy Statistics Note: Includes crude oil, natural gas liquids, feedstocks, additives and other hydrocarbons Fig. 5
11 Million Barrels Top Net Importers of Crude Oil, U.S. ranks 1st in oil imports; U.S. imports are declining U.S. ranks 1st in oil imports with 3.76 billion barrels U.S. China Japan India South Korea Germany Italy France Source: International Energy Agency, Key World Energy Statistics Note: Includes crude oil, natural gas liquids, feedstocks, additives and other hydrocarbons Fig. 6
12 Number of Oil Rigs Oil Rig Count, Number of oil rigs increasing along with increasing production CO ranks 11th in oil rig count 7 rigs 50 0 TX ND OK NM KS CA LA WY UT MT CO Source: Smith Bits Note: Top 10 states plus Colorado Fig. 7
13 Million Barrels per Day 25 U.S. Crude Oil Production & Consumption, The gap is narrowing, as domestic production has increased since 2009 and domestic consumption has decreased since Where does the U.S. get its oil? U.S., 38.8% Other, 3.1% Latin America, 19.6% Canada, 15.1% Africa, 10.3% Persian Gulf, 12.9% 5 U.S. Oil Consumption U.S. Oil Production 0 Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration; NPR in conjunction with Nelson Hsu Fig. 8
14 Natural Gas
15 Dollars per Thousand Cubic Feet 9 Natural Gas Wellhead Prices, The Colorado price trends below the national average to account for fuel transportation costs to markets outside the state 8 U.S. Natural Gas Colorado Natural Gas 7 6 CO price in 2011 was $ Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Fig. 9
16 Trillion Cubic Feet (Tcf) 7 Natural Gas Production by State, Colorado ranks 5th in production; production is increasing due to resource development technology improvements CO ranks 5th in production 1.5 (Tcf) TX WY LA OK CO NM AR PA UT AK Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Note: Top 10 producers including Colorado Fig. 10
17 Trillion Cubic Feet (Tcf) % Natural Gas Reserves & Utilization Rate Technology is contributing to growing reserves nationwide 2009 Reserves 2010 Reserves Production % 10.05% 7.05% CO ranks 5th in reserves at (Tcf) with a 6.21% utilization rate % 8.52% 8.09% 0 TX WY LA OK CO NM AR PA Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Note: Top eight states including Colorado; utilization rate is the amount of reserves developed/produced annually Fig. 11
18 Trillion Cubic Feet (Tcf) 30 Natural Gas Production Leaders, U.S. is 2nd and growing; top 8 producers equal 61.6% of global production U.S. ranks 2nd with 19.2% of global production (Tcf) Russia U.S. Canada Qatar Iran Norway China Indonesia Source: International Energy Agency Fig. 12
19 Trillion Cubic Feet (Tcf) 8 Top Net Exporters of Natural Gas, The U.S. has a limited amount of natural gas export infrastructure Russia Qatar Norway Canada Algeria Indonesia Netherlands Turkmenistan Source: International Energy Agency Fig. 13
20 Trillion Cubic Feet (Tcf) Top Net Importers of Natural Gas, U.S. imports declining due to increases in domestic production U.S. ranks 4th in natural gas imports 1.94 (Tcf) Japan Italy Germany U.S. South Korea Ukraine Turkey France Source: International Energy Agency Fig. 14
21 Fig15
22 Billion Cubic Feet per Day 22 U.S. Shale Gas Production by Major Resource Play Technology has led to quickly expanding resource development Eagle Ford (TX) Woodford (OK) Marcellus (OH, WV, PA, NY) Haynesville (TX, LA) Fayetteville (AR) Barnett (TX) Source: HPDI; Encana Corporation Fig. 16
23 Number of Gas Rigs Natural Gas Rig Count, Lower prices contributing to lower natural gas rig counts CO ranks 5th in annual natural gas rig count 48 rigs TX LA PA OK CO AR WV WY OH KY Source: Smith Bits Note: Top 10 states including Colorado Fig. 17
24 Trillion Cubic Feet (Tcf) U.S. Natural Gas Production & Consumption Domestic production has increased steadily since Natural Gas Production Natural Gas Consumption Source: U.S Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Fig. 18
25 Coal
26 Dollars per Short Ton $120 Coal Prices by State, 2010 Price differences may be due to variations in production costs, transportation costs, and coal qualities $100 $98.46 $86.15 $80 $60 $70.07 $66.45 $62.51 $60.84 $56.95 CO ranks 12 th in coal prices $40 $49.46 $47.54 $43.24 $40.00 $20 $0 VA AL WV TN PA KY OK IL MD OH CO Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Note: Top 10 states plus Colorado; short ton equals 2,000 pounds Fig. 19
27 Million Short Tons 500 U.S. Coal Production by State, Colorado coal production recovering after low point in Colorado ranks 11th with 27 million short tons 50 0 WY WV KY PA MT TX IN IL ND OH CO Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Note: Top 10 states plus Colorado; short ton equals 2,000 pounds Fig. 20
28 Billion Short Tons 80 U.S. Coal Reserves & Utilization Rate, 2010 Percent equals utilization rate of state reserves; coal reserves are massive, contributing to an extremely small utilization rate 0.06% % 0.09% % 0.73% 0.52% 0.24% CO ranks 8th in reserves with 9.61 billion short tons and has a 0.26% utilization rate % 0.29% 0.43% 0.89% 0 MT WY IL WV KY PA OH CO TX NM ND IN Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration; Note: Reserves are "Estimated Recoverable Reserves"; short ton equals 2,000 pounds; 2010 is most recent year for domestic coal reserves data Fig. 21
29 Billion Short Tons 4.5 Global Coal Production Leaders, U.S. production holding steady as resource diversity expands; China coal production is increasing rapidly to match growing demand U.S. ranks 2nd with 1.09 billion short tons China U.S. India Australia Indonesia Russia South Africa Germany Poland Kazakhstan Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Fig. 22
30 Billion Short Tons 300 Top Recoverable Coal Reserves, 2009 The U.S. holds the largest coal reserves in the world 250 U.S ranks 1st in proved coal reserves 263 billion short tons Global coal production is approximately 8 billion short tons per year 50 0 U.S. Russia China Australia India Ukraine Kazakhstan South Africa Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2010; U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Note: Short ton equals 2,000 pounds; 2009 is most recent year for global data; recoverable" is based on current economics and technology Fig. 23
31 Million Short Tons 400 Top Net Exporters of Coal, U.S. exports are increasing to meet global demand U.S. ranks 4th in coal exports 94 million short tons Indonesia Australia Russia U.S. Colombia South Africa Kazakhstan Canada Source: International Energy Agency, Key World Energy Statistics, Fig. 24
32 Million Short Tons 250 Top Net Importers of Coal, The U.S. has no significant imports of coal China Japan South Korea India Taiwan Germany U.K. Turkey Source: International Energy Agency, Key World Energy Statistics, Fig. 25
33 Renewables
34 Megawatts Total Installed Wind Capacity, Widespread growth in wind installations; Texas is leading the way 12,000 10,000 8,000 6, ,000 CO ranks 9th 1,803 MW 2,000 - Source: SNL Energy TX IA CA IL MN OR WA OK CO ND Fig. 26
35 Megawatts Total Installed Solar Capacity, Significant growth in solar installations; California is leading the way 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1, CO ranks 4th 151 MW CA NJ AZ CO FL NV NY NM HI TX Source: Solar Electric Power Association Fig. 27
36 Megawatts Total Installed Biomass Capacity, Colorado is below the national trend 1, , CO ranks 37th 17 MW Source: SNL Energy Note: Top 10 states plus Colorado CA FL ME VA GA AL PA LA MN NY CO Fig. 28
37 Megawatts Total Installed Geothermal Capacity, There are few players in geothermal electric generation 2, , ,500 1, No utility-scale Colorado geothermal generating capacity - CA NV HI UT ID AK OR WY CO Source: SNL Energy Note: Vast majority of states have no utility-scale geothermal capacity Fig. 29
38 Megawatts Total Installed Hydropower Capacity, No recent growth in hydropower capacity 25, , ,000 10,000 CO ranks 19th 1,226 MW 5,000 - Source: SNL Energy Note: Top 10 states plus Colorado WA CA OR NY SC VA GA AL AZ ID CO Fig. 30
39 Fig. 31
40 Fig. 32
41 Power
42 Dollars per Megawatt Hour Levelized Costs for Electric Generation Plants Assuming a plant start date of 2017, the total levelized cost measures competitiveness of different generating technologies; levelized costs include transmission, fuel, operations and maintenance, and capital Transmission Investment Variable O&M (including fuel) Fixed O&M Levelized Capital Cost Combined Wind Geothermal Advanced Advanced Biomass Combustion Solar PV Cycle Coal Nuclear Turbine Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Note: 2017 is referenced due to the long lead time required for some technologies and projects; estimates expressed above will vary by region Fig. 33
43 % of Generation 100% Net Generation History by Resource, % 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% Renewables Hydro Nuclear Natural Gas Oil Coal 0% Source: U.S Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Fig. 34
44 U.S. Nameplate Capacity vs. Net Generation, 2011 Available installed capacity versus utilized capacity U.S. Operating Nameplate Capacity by Resource 1.14 terawatts of installed capacity U.S. Net Generation by Resource 4,123 terawatt hours of total generation Oil 5% Nuclear 9% Hydro 9% Renewables 6% Coal 30% Renewables Hydro 5% Oil 8% 1% Nuclear 19% Coal 43% Gas 41% Gas 24% Source: U.S. Department of Energy; Energy Information Administration Fig. 35
45 Average Capacity Factor (%) Average U.S. Capacity Factor by Resource, 2011 The average capacity factor of a power plant is the ratio of actual output per year compared to the output of operating at full nameplate capacity Nuclear Coal Hydro Wind Natural Gas Oil Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Fig. 36
46 Cents per Kilowatt Hour Average Residential Retail Electric Price, Colorado has the 18th most expensive residential retail electricity price U.S average cents/kwh CO ranks 18th with cents/kwh HI AK NY CT VT NJ NH CA MI ME CO Source: U.S. Census; U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Note: Top 10 states plus Colorado Fig. 40
47 Cents per Kilowatt Hour 40 Average Commercial Retail Electric Price, Colorado has the 24th most expensive commercial retail electricity price U.S average cents/kwh CO ranks 24th with 9.73 cents/kwh HI NY CA AK CT VT MA NJ NH DC CO Source: U.S. Census; U.S Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Note: Top 10 states plus Colorado Fig. 41
48 Cents per Kilowatt Hour Average Industrial Retail Electric Price Colorado has the 20th most expensive industrial retail electricity price U.S average 7.18 cents/kwh CO Ranks 20th with 7.34 cents/kwh HI AK MA CT NH NJ CA RI VT DE CO Source: U.S. Census; U.S Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration Note: Top 10 states plus Colorado Fig. 42
49 Environment & Sustainability
50 CO 2 Emissions per Capita (million metric tons) CO 2 Emissions Per Capita, U.S. CO 2 emissions per capita have declined from a peak of 22.5 million metric tons in 1973 to 18.0 million United States 10 China accounted for 25% of the world's total CO 2 emissions in 2008 (7.7 billion metric tons) while the U.S. was the second largest CO 2 emitter with 17% (5.3 billion metric tons) World China 5 0 Source: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Fig. 43
51 CO 2 Emissions (billion metric tons) CO 2 Emissions by Country, 2009 Top 10 countries account for 68% of world CO 2 emissions % Percentages reflect share of total global CO 2 emissions % China accounted for 25% of the world's total CO 2 emissions (7.7 billion metric tons) while the U.S. accounted for 17% (5.3 billion metric tons) % 5% 1 4% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 0 China U.S. India Russia Japan Germany Iran Canada South Korea South Africa Source: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Fig. 44
52 Fig. 45
53 LEED-Certified Space per Capita (sq. ft.) Square Footage of LEED-Certified Space, 2011 Colorado has highest amount of LEED-certified space per capita CO IL VA WA MD MA TX CA NY MN Source: U.S. Green Building Council Fig. 46
54 Energy Policies & Programs
55 Energy Efficiency Policies, 2012 Colorado requires electricity sales and demand to be reduced by 5% of 2006 numbers by 2018; natural gas savings requirements vary by utility Source: Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE) Fig. 47
56 Renewable Energy Policies, 2012 Colorado has a Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) of 30% by 2020 for investor owned utilities and 10% by 2020 for rural cooperatives and large munis Source: Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE) Fig. 48
57 Net Metering Policies, 2012 Colorado requires that a customer's excess generation during a calendar year be reimbursed by their utility 43 states, + Washington DC & 4 territories have adopted a net metering policy. Source: Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE) Note: Numbers indicate individual system capacity limit in kilowatts Fig. 49
58 Cents per Gallon 60 State Gasoline Tax, 2012 Colorado ranks 33rd in the nation; well below the national average National Average 27.3 Cents per Gallon Colorado 22.0 Cents per Gallon NY CA CT HA MI NC IL IN WA FL CO Source: American Petroleum Institute Note: Top 10 states plus Colorado Fig. 50
59 U.S. Dollar per Gallon $10.00 Global Retail Prices of Premium Unleaded, 2012 U.S. gasoline is inexpensive compared to most countries; limited resources, limited infrastructure, and fuel taxes contribute to higher prices $9.00 $8.00 $7.00 $6.00 $5.00 $4.00 $3.00 $2.00 $1.00 $0.00 Turkey Italy Belgium Germany U.K. South Japan Australia Chile Canada U.S. Mexico Korea Source: International Energy Agency, 2012 Key World Energy Statistics Note: Gasoline prices are from 1st quarter of 2012 Fig. 51
60 Number of Leases 20,000 Number of Drilling Leases on Public Lands Colorado has 3rd highest number of drilling leases; large amount of public lands within Colorado borders 18,000 16,000 14,000 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY ,000 10,000 8,000 CO ranks 3rd in number of leases 5,343 leases FY ,000 4,000 2,000 0 WY NM CO UT MT ND NV OK AR MS Source: Bureau of Land Management, Public Lands Statistics Note: Top 10 states including Colorado Fig. 52
61 Million Acres 6 Number of Acres Leased for Drilling Public Lands Colorado has 3rd highest number of acres leased; increased oil and gas activity on private lands contributes to decrease in acres leased 5 CO ranks 3rd in number of acres leased 4,380,275 acres FY 2008 FY FY 2010 FY NM UT CO NV MT AK ND AR TX MS Source: Bureau of Land Management, Public Lands Statistics Note: Top 10 states including Colorado Fig. 53
62 Employment & Industry
63 Growth Rate (%) 15% Fossil Fuel - Number of Employees Growth Rate Brief downturn during economic recession; average annual direct employment growth rate for Colorado fossil fuel sector is 3.6%, United States Colorado 10% 5% 0% -5% The fossil fuel subcluster directly employed 43,430 workers in Colorado in % Source: Dun & Bradstreet, Inc.; Marketplace database, July-September, ; Market Analysis Profile, Fig. 54
64 Growth Rate (%) 15% Fossil Fuel - Number of Companies Growth Rate 2,300 fossil fuel firms operating in Colorado in 2012; number of firms in Colorado growing at a 3.5% annual average rate, % 5% 0% -5% United States Colorado -10% Source: Dun & Bradstreet, Inc.; Marketplace database, July-September, ; Market Analysis Profile, Fig. 55
65 Growth Rate (%) 15% Cleantech - Number of Employees Growth Rate Recession had minimal impact on Colorado cleantech employment growth; average annual direct employment growth rate for Colorado cleantech sector is 7.0%, United States Colorado 10% 5% 0% -5% The cleantech subcluster directly employed 21,950 workers in Colorado in % Source: Dun & Bradstreet, Inc.; Marketplace database, July-September, ; Market Analysis Profile, Fig. 56
66 Growth Rate (%) 25% 20% Cleantech - Number of Companies Growth Rate 1,940 cleantech firms operating in Colorado in 2012; number of firms in Colorado growing at 5.9% average annual rate, United States Colorado 15% 10% 5% 0% -5% -10% Source: Dun & Bradstreet, Inc.; Marketplace database, July-September, ; Market Analysis Profile, Fig. 57
67 Colorado Energy Cluster Economic Impact 65,400 direct energy jobs 22,000 Cleantech 43,400 Fossil Fuel Supports an additional 212,000 indirect jobs Total economic impact of Colorado s energy cluster = $13.7 billion annually
68 Resource Rich Colorado Fifth Edition December 2013
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