Operational Challenges in Energy and Chemical Recovery in Kraft Pulp Mills
|
|
- Kristina Fleming
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Operational Challenges in Energy and Chemical Recovery in Kraft Pulp Mills Honghi Tran University of Toronto Toronto, ON, CANADA Roberto Villarroel Eldorado Brazil Sao Paulo, BRAZIL The 7 th International Colloquium on Eucalyptus Pulp Vitoria, Brazil, May 28, 2015 Brief Overview Presentation Outline Energy & Chemical Recovery from Black Liquor Operational Issues Operational Challenges in Modern Eucalyptus Pulp Mills 2 1
2 Kraft Pulping Process Uses sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium sulfide (Na 2 S) as cooking chemicals Predominant pulping process ~130 million metric tons/year globally 77% of all wood pulp (>90% in Brazil) Advantages High versatility High pulp strength Favorable economics (high chemical and energy recovery efficiency) 3 A 1000 t/d Kraft Pulp Mill produces 1500 t/d BL d.s t/d weak black liquor 3000 t/d Chemicals Wood Chemicals Dissolved Organics Black Liquor (dry) 500 Fibre Pulp 0 4 2
3 Black Liquor Recovery Wood Chips Digester (Courtesy of Valmet) Recovery Boiler Power Boiler Waste Water Treatment Slaker Green Liquor Na 2 CO 3, Na 2 S 5 Common Operating Problems Evaporator Fouling/scaling Corrosion Poor efficiency Low solids in product liquor Recovery Boiler Fouling/plugging Corrosion/cracking/tube leakage Low steam production Poor sootblowing efficiency Poor water circulation Gaseous/particulate emissions Tube damage by falling deposits Unstable combustion/blackouts Jelly roll smelt/smelt run offs Low reduction efficiency Smelt water explosions Dissolving tank explosions High dregs in smelt Recausticizing and Lime Kiln Overliming Poor causticizing efficiency Poor green liquor filterability Poor mud settling/low solids Corrosion High kiln fuel consumption Ring/ball formation Refractory damage Chain damage Gaseous/particulate emissions High residual carbonate Poor lime quality/availability Liquor Cycle Non process elements High deadload Na and S imbalance High sulphidity operation Corrosion 6 3
4 RB Fouling RB Superheater Corrosion 7 Lime Kiln Ring Formation Ball Formation 8 4
5 Recovery Boiler Capacity Year Capacity t/d d.s. (25.6 million lbs/d d.s.) (Courtesy of Valmet Power) 9 Technological Advancements Recovery Boilers High firing capacity High solids (80+%) firing High steam temperature/pressure (515 o C/130 bar, 960 o F/1885 psig) High heat recovery efficiency Sootblowing technology NCG burning Cl and K removal systems 10 5
6 Technological Advancements Evaporators/Concentrators High solids (80 + %) Falling film (tube type & plate type) Reynolds enhanced crystallizers Recaust and Lime Kilns Pressurized filters Lime mud dryers and product coolers Multi fuel burners Alternative fuel burning Improved Process Control and Metallurgy 11 Technological advancements have alleviated many problems, but have also made some problems worse and have led to new problems 12 6
7 Problems in Modern Pulp Mills Evaporator Fouling/scaling Corrosion Poor efficiency Low solids in product liquor Recovery Boiler Fouling/plugging Corrosion/cracking/tube leakage Low steam production Poor sootblowing efficiency Poor water circulation Gaseous/particulate emissions Tube damage by falling deposits Unstable combustion/blackouts Jelly roll smelt/smelt run offs Low reduction efficiency Smelt water explosions Dissolving tank explosions High dregs in smelt Recausticizing and Lime Kiln Overliming Poor causticizing efficiency Poor green liquor filterability Poor mud settling/low solids Corrosion High kiln fuel consumption Ring/ball formation Refractory damage Chain damage Gaseous/particulate emissions High residual carbonate Poor lime quality/availability Liquor Cycle Non process elements High deadload Na and S imbalance High sulphidity operation Corrosion 13 Challenges in Modern Eucalyptus Mills Non Process Elements (NPEs) Low lime mud solids and poor green liquor filterability Cl and K accumulation and control Na and S balance (or imbalance) 14 7
8 Non Process Elements (NPEs) Elements that do not participate in the pulping process Commonly referred NPEs: Cl and K (most K actually exists as a process element, not an NPE) Mg, Si, Al, P, Mn, Fe V, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu, Ti, Ba, etc. (amounts typically too small to be significant) Can be problematic if present in large amounts 15 Sources of NPEs Sources Wood Makeup lime Makeup chemicals Makeup water Additives Refractory bricks Corrosion products Biosludge Petcoke Elements K, Cl, Mg, P, Si, Al, Mn, Fe, etc. Mg, Si, Al, P, Fe Cl Cl, P Mg, Si Si, Al Fe, Ni, Cr Si, Cl, Mg, K, P, Mn, Fe, Al V, Ni 16 8
9 Whether or not an NPE accumulates in the recovery cycle depends on the solubility of its compounds in the liquor 17 Solubility of NPE Compounds Elements Solubility in Liquor Consequences Cl, K, P, B, V High Accumulate in the liquor cycle Si, Al Medium Accumulate in liquor & lime cycles Mg, Mn, P, Fe, Ni, Cr, Si, Al Low Accumulate in the lime cycle Removed from the system with grits, dregs, mud and lime dust 18 9
10 Accumulation Factors Accumulation Factor LIQUOR CYCLE Mill 1 Mill 2 Mill 3 Mill 4 Accumulation Factor LIME CYCLE Mill 1 Mill 2 Mill 3 Mill 4 0 Mg Mn Al Si K Cl 0 Mg Mn Al Si S K Cl Richardson et al, 1998 ICRC 19 Problems and Contributing NPEs Operational Problems Recovery boiler fouling Recovery boiler SH corrosion Evaporator scaling Poor green liquor filterability Poor mud settling/dewatering Low lime availability/reactivity Contributing NPEs Cl, K K, Cl Si, Al, Ca, Fe Si, Mg Si, Mg, Al, Fe S, Mg, Si, P, Mn, Fe, Al 20 10
11 Mud Solids (wt%) Effect of SiO 2 on Mud Solids Content 100 Kiln A1 90 Kiln A2 80 Kiln B Kiln C 70 Arpalahti et al. (1999) SiO 2 Content in Lime (wt%) 21 Problems with of SiO 2 Reacts with Na 2 CO 3 to form Na 2 SiO 3 in the recovery boiler Na 2 SiO 3 reacts with lime in the causticizing plant to form Calcium Silicate Hydrate gel (xcao ysio 2 nh 2 O) CSH Gel A small amount of Si or SiO 2 can result in a large amount of CSH gel Filter clogging 22 11
12 Poor Green Liquor Filterability Experienced in a number of Brazilian mills equipped with pressurized filters Possible Causes High suspended solids in green liquor (char/dregs from RB and suspended solids from weak wash) Large amount of Si and/or Mg gel like particles Overliming Tight filter cloth 23 Green Liquor Filter Cloth Clean Clogged Deposit 100 µm 100 µm 24 12
13 Cl and K Accumulation in Ash (No Purging) Conc. in Ash (wt%) K Cl Days 25 Factors Affecting Cl and K Accumulation Input Output (Degree of mill closure) Chemical losses Ash purging/ash treatment Recovery boiler operation Sulphidity (Cl only) 26 13
14 Control Targets for Cl and K Contents in Precipitator Ash Chloride (wt% Cl) Potassium (wt% K) Very low < 0.4 < 1.8 Low Typical High Very high > 8.5 > 9 27 Precipitator Ash Amount produced: Typically about 75 kg/adt pulp Enriched in Cl and K Cl enrichment factor = 2.5 K enrichment factor = 1.5 Ash purging is the easiest/most effective way to control Cl and K accumulation Amount purged: 10 to 30% of the total ash Disadvantage: High Na and S losses 28 14
15 Cl and K Accumulation (with Ash Purging) Conc. in Ash (wt%) K Cl Start Purging 0% 10% 20% 40% 10% 20% 40% Days Takes 1 to 2 months to reach steady state Precipitator Ash Treatment Various technologies available Ash treatment helps remove Cl and K but also recover some Na and S Most technologies rely on effective separation of solids from ash water slurries Separation is difficult when Slurry concentration: > 1 kg/l H 2 O Ash carbonate content: > 6 wt% CO
16 Effect of CO 3 on Liquid Solids Separation 0.3 wt%co wt%co 3 Ash with High CO 3 Contents Poor solids liquid separation Low Cl and K removal efficiency Low Na and S recovery efficiency CO 3 may be neutralized with sulfuric acid Add more S into the system, resulting in Na and S imbalance (high sulphidity) 32 16
17 Effects of High Sulphidity Bad Increases propensity for corrosion in RB and liquor cycle and for RB superheater fouling and plugging Increases TRS/SO 2 emissions Lowers steam production Good Lowers lime requirement Increases smelt fluidity Lowers Cl content in ash and liquor Lowers carbonate content in ESP ash Bad effects outweigh good effects 33 Causes of Na/S Imbalance High RB Capacity Low TRS Emissions High BL Solids, >75% High Bed Temperature Low Cl content in liquor High Cl/K removal effi. Improve in NCG collection; Burning NCG in Rec. boilers Keep S in the system High CO 3 Content in Ash Low Cl/K removal effi. Increased use of sulfuric acid to neutralize CO 3 Add more S to liquor system High TTA High sulfidity Increased NaOH consumption to control sulfidity 34 17
18 Summary There are many problems in energy and chemical recovery in kraft pulp mills Technological advances have alleviated many problems, but have also made some worse and have led to new challenges Problems in modern eucalyptus mills are mainly those associated with non process elements and Na/S imbalance 35 Acknowledgements 18
Executive Summary. Valmet Page 1
Executive Summary The pulping industry has a long history and has over time been affected by different trends that have increased the complexity of the process solutions in the mills. This has given mills
More informationProblems with Deposits
Recovery Boiler Deposit Formation and Plugging Prevention Honghi Tran Pulp & Paper Centre University of Toronto Toronto, Canada Tappi Kraft Recovery Course St. Petersburg, Florida, January 7-10, 2008 Problems
More informationIntroduction to Kraft process - Black liquor and The black liquor recovery boiler
Introduction to Kraft process - Black liquor and The black liquor recovery boiler Black liquor Kraft chemical pulping Fibers Fibers Lignin etc. + Pulping chemicals (Na 2 S, NaOH) Wood 155 C 900 kpa (Honghi
More informationPrecipitator Dust Purification (PDP) Chloride and Potassium Removal System
Precipitator Dust Purification (PDP) Chloride and Potassium Removal System NORAM Engineering and Contractors, Ltd. Background Chloride and Potassium Sources Chloride Wood Furnish Example: 2000 t/d @ 200
More informationPuu : Conventional and Non- Conventional Pulping as a Basis for Biorefinery (7 cr)
: Conventional and Non- Conventional Pulping as a Basis for Biorefinery (7 cr) Lecture 13: Kraft pulping: Recovery of chemicals and energy I Learning Objectives After this lecture the student: understands,
More informationControl of sulfidity in a modern kraft pulp mill
Control of sulfidity in a modern kraft pulp mill Executive Summary Many years ago, the kraft pulping liquor circuit used sodium sulfate salt as the main make-up source of cooking chemicals. The make-up
More informationBell Bay Pulp Mill Recovery Presentation
ATTACHMENT 2 Bell Bay Pulp Mill Recovery Presentation Esa Vakkilainen 1 INTRODUCTION Esa Vakkilainen: Leading Technology Specialist Recovery Explanation of what recovery department of Bell Bay Pulp Mill
More informationBoth the high and low temperature BLG technologies produce higher causticizing load than a recovery boiler
In situ Causticizing for Black Liquor Gasifiers DOE project #DE-FC26-02NT41492 Scott Sinquefield, Xiaoyan Zeng, Alan Ball Black Liquor Colloqium August, 2006 1 Both the high and low temperature BLG technologies
More informationValmet Online Learning
Course English Chinese Russian Swedish Portuguese Spanish Finnish Hungarian Upcoming languages Learning Continuous cooking x x x x x 17 3-4 Superbatch cooking x x 3 About 2 White liquor plant x x x 26
More informationEVAPORATOR FOULING Locations of Evaporator Fouling. Soluble Sodium (Na) Scales
EVAPORATOR FOULING David T. Clay, Ph.D. Senior Process Consultant Jacobs Engineering 5005 SW Meadows Road, Suite 100 Lake Oswego, OR 97035 INTRODUCTION Slide 1 and Slide 2 contain the title and outline
More informationCombustion Processes in the Forest Products Industry
Combustion Processes in the Forest Products Industry An informal presentation by Kenneth M. Nichols, Weyerhaeuser Company Presented to Students and Faculty of the University of Washington at the ME 523
More informationCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Significance of paper Paper is one of the essential commodities in daily life all over the world. It is considered as an index of a country s growth. Several grades of paper
More informationRB Reduction Degree Step change adjustment tests. Jeff Butler Product Manager
RB Reduction Degree Step change adjustment tests Jeff Butler Product Manager Measurement Platform Metso Recovery Analyzer 3 Performs standard SCAN method ABC titration to ph inflection point. Chemical
More informationXXL size recovery boilers present status and future prospects
XXL size recovery boilers present status and future prospects Executive Summary XXL size recovery boilers have operated since 2004, when the first XXL size recovery boiler started up in China. From the
More informationDegree of Closure of Swedish (Nordic) Bleached Kraft Pulp Mills, 1990 and
Degree of Closure of Swedish (Nordic) Bleached Kraft Pulp Mills, 1990 and 2000-2005 Meeri Puukko ÅF-Process, Flemminggatan 7, P.O. Box 8309, S-104 20 Stockholm, Sweden Tel: +46 8 657 1311; fax: +46 8 657
More informationCausticizing Aspects and Sulfur Recovery in Black Liquor Gasification. Low Temperature Gasification
Causticizing Aspects and Sulfur Recovery in Black Liquor Gasification Adriaan van Heiningen University of Maine Colloquium on Black Liquor Combustion and Gasification May 13-16, 2003, Park City, Utah Low
More informationCausticizing Aspects and Sulfur Recovery in Black Liquor Gasification
Causticizing Aspects and Sulfur Recovery in Black Liquor Gasification Adriaan van Heiningen University of Maine Colloquium on Black Liquor Combustion and Gasification May 13-16, 2003, Park City, Utah Low
More informationBlack Liquor Gasification and Bio-Fuel Production in Canada
Black Liquor Gasification and Bio-Fuel Production in ExCo54 Doc 04.04 Mark Byron CANMET Energy Technology Centre Ottawa Bioenergy Development Program Black Liquor Gasification and Bio-Fuel Production in
More informationEconomical optimization of steam data for recovery boilers
Economical optimization of steam data for recovery boilers Johan Jansson Master s thesis, 30 hp Master of science in energy engineering, 300 hp Spring term 2017 EN1715 Johan Jansson Abstract Pulp and paper
More informationRecovery Boiler Corrosion Chemistry
Recovery Boiler Corrosion Chemistry Sandy Sharp and Honghi Tran SharpConsultant University of Toronto Pulp and Paper Centre Symposium on Corrosion in Pulp and Paper Mills and Biorefineries, RBI at Georgia
More informationHigh Power Generation from Recovery Boilers - What Are the Limits?
High Power Generation from Recovery Boilers - What Are the Limits? Executive Summary Increasing power generation from recovery boilers has been an item of interest since 2000 and really became a strong
More informationDIRECT STEAM INJECTION HEATER SERIES
Several processes require precision control of liquid temperature to achieve the right product without degradation or denaturing. In such applications where dilution of the liquids by water is not a concern,
More informationLiquor Cycle Chloride Control Restores Recovery Boiler Availability
Liquor Cycle Chloride Control Restores Recovery Boiler Availability L.A. Hiner Babcock & Wilcox Barberton, Ohio, U.S.A. M.A. Blair Babcock & Wilcox Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A. S.C. Moyer D. Wiggins Alabama
More informationNiklas Berglin, Innventia
Biofuels in lime kilns Niklas Berglin, Innventia 1 2 Survey Main objective Compiling and comparing mill experience from biofuels firing How? Collection of basic data through a questionnaire Interviews
More informationCHLOR-ALKALI INDUSTRY
CHLOR-ALKALI INDUSTRY The chlor-alkali industry represents of three major industrial chemicals: Soda ash (sodium carbonate-na 2 CO 3 ) Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide-naoh) Chlorine (Cl 2 ) These chemicals
More informationEvaporator and Recovery Boiler Energy Efficiency
Evaporator and Recovery Boiler Energy Efficiency Executive Summary The white paper begins with a brief review of Valmet's Web Academy, which, along with Dynamic Simulator Training, can be used to train
More informationINTEGRATION OF LIGNIN REMOVAL INTO A KRAFT PULP MILL AND USE OF LIGNIN AS A BIOFUEL
CELLULOSE CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION OF LIGNIN REMOVAL INTO A KRAFT PULP MILL AND USE OF LIGNIN AS A BIOFUEL PER TOMANI, PETER AXEGÅRD, NIKLAS BERGLIN, ANDERS LOVELL and DANIEL NORDGREN INNVENTIA
More informationHigh Temperature, High Pressure Black Liquor Gasification with Borate Autocausticizing
High Temperature, High Pressure Black Liquor Gasification with Borate Autocausticizing Ingrid Nohlgren Ph.D. Chem Eng, Senior Research Engineer, Energy Technology Center, Piteå Scott Sinquefield Ph.D.
More informationModule 8: Introduction to Process Integration Tier III
Program for North American Mobility In Higher Education Program for North American Mobility in Higher Education (NAMP) Introducing Process Integration for Environmental Control in Engineering Curricula
More informationOdorless pulp mill in successful operation
Odorless pulp mill in successful operation Executive Summary The sulphur in the cooking process can result in bad odor in the surroundings of a Kraft pulp mill. Together with the odor, sulphur compounds
More informationBiomass combustion and boiler corrosion:
Biomass combustion and boiler corrosion: State of the art knowledge and solutions 12.4.2018 TUT energy seminar: bioenergy Sonja Enestam Contents Fuels and challenges Corrosion types in FB boilers Corrosion
More informationN 2. N pyrolysis. NH 3 N black liquor NO N char N smelt. N green liquor 4.6-1
THE FATE OF NITROGEN IN THE CHEMICAL RECOVERY PROCESS IN A KRAFT PULP MILL: Part 1: A general view M.Kymäläinen, M.Forssén and M.Hupa Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland Published in Journal of Pulp
More informationRecovery & Utility Management
Recovery & Utility Management Jim Brewster Mill Manager Irving Pulp & Paper, Limited Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada Tappi Kraft Recovery Short Course St. Petersburg, FL, January 7-10, 2008 Recovery
More informationIntegration of a sulfite pulp mill and a viscose plant
Integration of a sulfite pulp mill and a viscose plant Hans Magnusson, Gunnar Henriksson, Ulf Germgård Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden COST 1205 Budapest 1 Hypothesis There are several benefits obtained
More informationValmet in circular economy
Valmet in circular economy Contents Valmet s position in circular economy How Valmet applies circular economy Enabling circular economy for customers Driving circular economy in own operations Some new
More informationHigh Efficiency Agro Based Integrated Chemical Recovery Plant at M/S Bindals Papers Mills Ltd.
Zonal-18/101 High Efficiency Agro Based Integrated Chemical Recovery Plant at M/S Bindals Papers Mills Ltd. VIMAL KISHORE PRESIDENT, BINDALS PAPERS MILLS RAHUL JAIN GM (RECOVERY), BINDALS PAPERS MILLS
More informationBOILER FEED WATER AND ITS TREATMENTS
BOILER FEED WATER AND ITS TREATMENTS Shibu G. Pillai Chemical Engineering Department shibu.pillai@nirmauni.ac.in Contents Boiler Feed water Major Problems in Boiler Scaling Boiler corrosion Caustic embrittlement
More informationChemical treatment of acid mine drainage. Anna Gulkova, Water and Environmental Engineering, Aalto University
Chemical treatment of acid mine drainage Anna Gulkova, Water and Environmental Engineering, Aalto University 1 Contents Acid mine drainage formation Problems associated with acid mine drainage Treatment
More informationPULPING OPTIONS WITH BLACK LIQUOR GASIFICATION
PULPING OPTIONS WITH BLACK LIQUOR GASIFICATION Hasan Jameel Jean Renard Gasification of Black Liquor Separation of Inorganic Chemicals Tomlinson Furnace smelt S/Na ratio = black liquor S/Na ratio Gasification
More informationCRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 1 Matter and Change HOMEWORK. Due Date Assignment On-Time (100) Late (70)
Name KEY Period CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 1 Matter and Change HOMEWORK Due Date Assignment On-Time (100) Late (70) 1.1 1.2 1.3 Warm Ups Notes, Homework, Exam Reviews and Their KEYS located on CRHS Academic
More informationValmet innovations in use at the Äänekoski bioproduct mill
Valmet innovations in use at the Äänekoski bioproduct mill Valmet s delivery Recovery boiler Biomass dryer and gasification plant Lime kiln Sulfuric acid plant Pulp drying line Mill-wide automation system
More informationFBC Challenges: Current Research at ÅA-University. by Patrik Yrjas 71 st IEA-FBC, Seoul
FBC Challenges: Current Research at ÅA-University by Patrik Yrjas 71 st IEA-FBC, Seoul Clustering Innovation Competence of Future Fuels in Power Production Project: CLIFF July 2014 - June 2017 TAMPERE
More informationIntroduction to Process Integration Tier III
Program NAMP for North American Mobility in Higher Education NAMP Module 8 Introduction to Process Integration Tier III Module Introducing 8 Introduction Process integration to Process for Integration
More informationCRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 1 Matter and Change HOMEWORK. Due Date Assignment On-Time (100) Late (70)
Name Period CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 1 Matter and Change HOMEWORK Due Date Assignment On-Time (100) Late (70) 1.1 1.2 1.3 Warm Ups Extra Credit Notes, Homework, Exam Reviews and Their KEYS located
More informationLatest pulp mill technologies. November, 2017 Mats Nordgren
Latest pulp mill technologies November, 2017 Mats Nordgren Contents Technology trends in general New technologies: LignoBoost Sulphuric Acid 2 2017 Key item for the biggest Hardwood new mills Maranhao
More informationSustainability and Environmental Issues in the Kraft Pulp Industry. Celso Foelkel
Sustainability and Environmental Issues in the Kraft Pulp Industry Celso Foelkel www.celso-foelkel.com.br www.eucalyptus.com.br Sustainability Sustainability Anthropocentric-oriented concept Long term
More informationChina - Canada Co-operation Project in Cleaner Production. Checklist for Cleaner Production Auditing in Pulp and Paper Mills
China - Canada Co-operation Project in Cleaner Production Checklist for Cleaner Production Auditing in Pulp and Paper Mills TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. GENERAL INFORMATION... 1 2. CONCERNING THE FACILITY...3
More informationCOLLECTION AND INCINERATION OF HIGH VOLUME-LOW CONCENTRATION PULP MILL NONCONDENSIBLE GASES
COLLECTION AND INCINERATION OF HIGH VOLUME-LOW CONCENTRATION PULP MILL NONCONDENSIBLE GASES Douglas K. Giarde A.H. Lundberg Associates, Inc. Michael Crenshaw Packaging Corporation of America Abstract High
More informationCould biomass boilers be operated at higher steam efficiencies (higher temps.)?
Could biomass boilers be operated at higher steam efficiencies (higher temps.)? Sandy Sharp (SharpConsultant, Columbia, MD) Jim Keiser (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN) Doug Singbeil (FPInnovations,
More informationTHE INSTITUTE OF PAPER CHEMISTRY, APPLETON, WISCONSIN IPC TECHNICAL PAPER SERIES NUMBER 237 VAPORIZATION FROM ALKALI CARBONATE MELTS JOHN H.
THE INSTITUTE OF PAPER CHEMISTRY, APPLETON, WISCONSIN IPC TECHNICAL PAPER SERIES NUMBER 237 VAPORIZATION FROM ALKALI CARBONATE MELTS JOHN H. CAMERON APRIL, 1987 Vaporization from Alkali Carbonate Melts
More informationRecovery Boiler Fouling 101
The Significance of Char Bed-Generated Particulate on Recovery Boiler Fouling Relative to Other Sources of Combustion Aerosols Chris Verrill Steve Lien May 15, 2003 Recovery Boiler Fouling 101 Black liquor
More informationWaste Acid Recycling Technology by Slag
Technical Report NIPPON STEEL & SUMITOMO METAL TECHNICAL REPORT No. 109 JULY 2015 Waste Acid Recycling Technology by Slag UDC 669. 184. 28 : 621. 794. 48 Shigeharu MATSUBAYASHI* Abstract In this study,
More informationAcid Mine Water Reclamation using the ABC Process. Abstract. Introduction
1 Acid Mine Water Reclamation using the ABC Process M de Beer 1, J. P Maree 2, J. Wilsenach 1, S Motaung 1, L Bologo 1, V Radebe 1 1 Natural Resources and the Environment, CSIR, P O Box 395, Pretoria,
More informationFray Bentos mill status. Eugenio García Sami Saarela
Fray Bentos mill status Eugenio García Sami Saarela Milestones of the pulp mill project Eucalyptus plantations established in Uruguay at the beginning of 1990 s by UPM-Kymmene and Shell (Compañia Forestal
More informationEMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook NFR 2.H.1 Pulp and paper industry SNAP ISIC
Category Title NFR 2.H.1 Pulp and paper industry SNAP 040601 040602 040603 040604 ISIC Chipboard Paper pulp (Kraft process) Paper pulp (acid sulphite process) Paper pulp (neutral sulphite semi-chemical
More informationGENARAL INTRODUCTION TO METALLURGY :Std: XI-CHEMISTRY
GENARAL INTRODUCTION TO METALLURGY :Std: XI-CHEMISTRY 1. What is matrix? The ore is generally associated with rock impurities like clay, sand etc. called gangue or matrix 2. What is mineral? The natural
More informationMembrane treatment of alkaline bleaching effluent on a kraft pulp mill
FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF VIÇOSA DEPARTMENT OF FOREST ENGINEERING LABORATORY OF PULP AND PAPER Membrane treatment of alkaline bleaching effluent on a kraft pulp mill Rafael Quezada, Claudio Mudadu Silva, Leif
More informationMikko Hupa Åbo Akademi Turku, Finland
Åbo Akademi Chemical Engineering Department Course The Forest based Biorefinery Chemical and Engineering Challenges and Opportunities May 3-7, 2010 Thermal conversion of biomass Mikko Hupa Åbo Akademi
More informationON-LINE DETERMINATION OF GREEN-LIQUOR REDUCTION EFFICIENCY AND TOTAL TITRATABLE ALKALI USING FOURIER-TRANSFORM-NIR SPECTROMETRY ABSTRACT
ON-LINE DETERMINATION OF GREEN-LIQUOR REDUCTION EFFICIENCY AND TOTAL TITRATABLE ALKALI USING FOURIER-TRANSFORM- SPECTROMETRY T. Trung D. Osmond B. Allison V. Uloth J. Porter ABSTRACT In this paper, we
More informationPulp and Paper Waste Minimization Technology Review
Pulp and Paper Waste Minimization Technology Review Agenda HPD Introduction Pulp and Paper Review Discussion of Process / Technology Innovations for Pulp and Paper BFR: Bleached Filtrate Recovery CRP:
More informationSaving Energy and Water. Working with High Recovery Water Treatment Plants
Saving Energy and Water Working with High Recovery Water Treatment Plants > Saving Energy and Water Working with High Recovery Treatment Plants Reverse Osmosis - Benefits o Reliable and Consistent Technology
More informationA Systematic and Fully Automated Procedure for Water and Element Balancing over Pulp and Paper Mills A Case Study at Visy Tumut Mill
A Systematic and Fully Automated Procedure for Water and Element Balancing over Pulp and Paper Mills A Case Study at Visy Tumut Mill ABSTRACT T.D. Nguyen, M.J.T. Bennett, J.A. Romagnoli Laboratory for
More informationEVAPS. High-Performance Evaporation Systems
EVAPS High-Performance Evaporation Systems Fibria Celulose Très Lagoas, Brazil New XXL size, 6-effect EVAPS plant with a capacity of 1250 tons/h, producing heavy liquor of 80 % dry solids. TUBEL Concentrator
More informationUndesirable impurities in boilers. Maximum permissible Cycles of concentration (NC)
Maximum permissible Cycles of concentration (NC) From the relationship BD/S = [L/S] / [NC - 1] calculated at material balance in boiler section, as long as L/S is related to system parameters and it is
More informationModule: 4. Lecture: 20
Module: 4 Lecture: 20 SODIUM THIOSULFATE INTRODUCTION Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3 is a colourless crystalline compound which is more familiar as the pentahydrate, Na2S2O3.5H2O, an efflorescent, monoclinic
More informationGunns Limited Bell Bay Pulp Mill Project Tasmania
ATTACHMENT 3 Pöyry Forest Industry Oy Jaakonkatu 3 FI-01620 Vantaa Finland Domicile Vantaa, Finland Business ID 1071411-1 Gunns Limited Bell Bay Pulp Mill Project Tasmania In the matter of the Bell Bay
More information1. The equation that represents the equilibrium in a saturated solution of Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 is.. The precipitate which forms first is
CHEMISTRY 12 UNIT 3 - REVIEW Ksp Part A - Multiple Choice 1. The equation that represents the equilibrium in a saturated solution of Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 is A. Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (s) 3 Fe 2+ (aq) + 2 SO 4 3 (aq)
More informationAN EXAMINATION OF HEAVY METAL VAPORIZATION FROM THE COMBUSTION OF BLACK LIQUOR
AN EXAMINATION OF HEAVY METAL VAPORIZATION FROM THE COMBUSTION OF BLACK LIQUOR A Thesis Presented to The Academic Faculty by Courtney M. Malbrue In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree
More informationOther Relevant SNAP Codes for Paper Pulping - Acid Sulphite Process
Pr40603 Activity 040603 SNAP CODE: 040603 SOURCE ACTIVITY TITLE: PROCESSES IN WOOD, PAPER PULP, FOOD, DRINK AND OTHER INDUSTRIES Paper Pulp (Acid Sulphite Process) NOSE CODE: 105.07.02 NFR CODE: 2 D 1
More informationThe Fortunes of Bauxite Alumina Part 2 By Dmitri Allicock - for Guyanese Online. The Opening of the Alumina Plant in 1961
The Fortunes of Bauxite Alumina Part 2 By Dmitri Allicock - for Guyanese Online The Opening of the Alumina Plant in 1961 The Alumina Plant opened Tuesday, March 28, 1961. Minister of Trade and Industry,
More informationWe have softening plant for boiler so water treatment chemicals is not require. We used 90 % condensate water so no need of any chemicals treatment
Attention low pressure boiler owner: - We have softening plant for boiler so water treatment chemicals is not require. We fed D.M. water and water quality is superior so scale & corrosion does not exist
More informationPhosphate recovery from sewage sludge in combination with supercritical water oxidation
Phosphate recovery from sewage sludge in combination with supercritical water oxidation Feralco AB, Industrigatan 126, SE-252 32 Helsingborg, Sweden (E-mail: info@feralco.com) Abstract Supercritical Water
More informationGreenCo Best Practices Award
GreenCo Best Practices Award TNPL Briefly World s largest bagassebased paper plant Promoted by Govt. of Tamil Nadu in early 80 s Presently produces 4,00,000 MT/year of PWP and largest exporter of PWP ISO
More informationCHM101 SECOND EXAM 162. Chemistry 101 SECOND Exam (162) Name: Date: 30/4/2017
Chemistry 101 SECOND Exam (162) Name: Date: 30/4/2017 Student no. Section: Useful Information:Gas Constant R= 0.08206 L.atm/K.mol, Specific heat of H 2 O=4.18 J/g. C 1 atm. = 760 mmhg. H 1 He 2 1.000 4
More informationPULLUTICS elf STREAM MCA MP AND PAPER MILLS
Amu. / Io7 PULLUTICS elf STREAM MCA MP AND PAPER MILLS No. 1207 Revised December 1956 (1yR A "-^ 0 APR 26 1957 IseS STATS 1 4 111111 000 00111111111111111 1111 1111111111 11111 1 i liwilihndir FOREST PRODUCTS
More informationWaterside Cleaning of Recovery Boilers.. Pay Now or Pay Later
Waterside Cleaning of Recovery Boilers.. Pay Now or Pay Later Norris N. Johnston Application Team Manager Water Management Technology Lacey s Spring, Alabama USA Quebec City_06202006-1 Waterside Cleaning
More informationZINC RECOVERY FROM WASTES USING SPENT ACID FROM SCRAPPED LEAD ACID BATTERIES
ZINC RECOVERY FROM WASTES USING SPENT ACID FROM SCRAPPED LEAD ACID BATTERIES Zdenek Kunicky, Kovohute Pribram nastupnicka, a.s., Czech Republic Jitka Jandova, Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering,
More informationA Review of Sulfide Smelting Process Gas Handling Systems
A Review of Sulfide Smelting Process Gas Handling Systems Paykan Safe Gas Cleaning Technologies 4950 North O Connor Road Suite 250 Irving, Texas, U.S.A. 75062 1.0 SMELTER PROCESS GAS CHARACTERISTICS Off-gas
More informationBOILER WATER TREATMENT FOR KILN DRY OPERATIONS Mike Wieland. Technical Presentation
BOILER WATER TREATMENT FOR KILN DRY OPERATIONS Mike Wieland Technical Presentation IMPORTANT TOPICS PRETREATMENT TEMPERATURE VS OXYGEN FEED WATER / DA BOILER WATER CONDENSATE Boiler Water Pretreatment
More informationINTRODUCTION TO PULP & PAPER TECHNOLOGY LEARNING OUTCOMES
INTRODUCTION TO PULP & PAPER TECHNOLOGY LEARNING OUTCOMES OVERALL COURSE LEARNING OBJECTIVES The overall course objective is to give participants increased confidence in understanding the pulp & paper
More informationEffluent Treatment Using Evaporation and Crystallisation Technology
Effluent Treatment Using Evaporation and Crystallisation Technology Brecknell C, Lilliott M, Pavlik A Wellman Process Engineering Newfield Road, Oldbury. B69 3ET. UK The authors will demonstrate with the
More informationVerso Quinnesec LLC & Specialty Minerals (Michigan) Inc. SRN: B7192. Located at. Staff Report Date: May 6, 2013
State Registration Number Michigan Department of Environmental Quality Air Quality Division RENEWABLE OPERATING PERMIT ROP Number B7192 STAFF REPORT MI-ROP-B7192-2013 Verso Quinnesec LLC & Specialty Minerals
More informationSoda Ash ( Sodium carbonate) Manufacture
Soda Ash ( Sodium carbonate) Manufacture Pertinent properties Mol. Wt. 106 M.P. 851deg.C. B.P. Decomposes Soluble in water 8.9 gm/100gm at 20 deg.cel. Grade s: 99% sodium carbonate washing soda ( Na 2
More informationMark Stevenson Ecobat Technologies
Mark Stevenson Ecobat Technologies Secondary Lead 50 years ago The history of secondary lead and its operations are quite different to those of the primaries In many countries it was just been considered
More informationProcess water quality factors
CHEM-E6125 Environmental Management in Industry Water management in industry Quality and treatment of raw and process water prof. O. Dahl Learning objectives: 1. Understand why natural waters need treatment
More informationREMOVAL OF HARDNESS BY PRECIPITATION
REMOVAL OF HARDNESS BY PRECIPITATION Hardness divalent cations If hardness is too high Ca 2+ + Mg 2+ + Fe 2+ + Mn 2+ + Sr 2+... precipitation of soap, scaling on pipes, boilers, cooling towers, heat exchangers.
More informationCorrosion in Black Liquor Pyrolysis and Combustion Gas Environments
Corrosion in Black Liquor Pyrolysis and Combustion Gas Environments Preet M. Singh Institute of Paper Science and Technology Atlanta, Georgia Colloquium on BL Combustion and Gasification Park City, Utah
More informationChemical Analysis of Industrial Water TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chemical Analysis of Industrial Water TABLE OF CONTENTS Part I -The Chemical Principles of Water Treatment Introduction A. Objectives in Treating Feed Water for Boilers 1. Prevention of Scales and Deposits
More informationScale-up Method for High Temperature Black Liquor Gasification in Pressurised Entrained Flow Gasifiers
Scale-up Method for High Temperature Black Liquor Gasification in Pressurised Entrained Flow Gasifiers Magnus Marklund, Rikard Gebart, Ragnar Tegman, Chemrec AB 1 BLG DRIVING FORCE Wood chips Pulp White
More informationSNAP CODE: NOSE CODE: NFR CODE: 2 D 1
Pr40603 Activity 040603 SNAP CODE: 040603 SOURCE ACTIVITY TITLE: PROCESSES IN WOOD, PAPER PULP, FOOD, DRINK AND OTHER INDUSTRIES Paper Pulp (Acid Sulphite Process) NOSE CODE: 105.07.02 NFR CODE: 2 D 1
More informationWater supplied by Marafiq does not meet the process requirements.
WATER TREATMENT In Industries Water is used for: a. Drinking b. Cleaning c. Cooling d. Producing Steam e. Process requirement Why we need to treat water? For human consumption a. Water to be purified (Make
More informationCeramics in Paper Manufacturing. including Advanced and Nano Materials
Ceramics in Paper Manufacturing including Advanced and Nano Materials CONTENTS Introduction 1 3.3 Applications 45 Ceramics 3 3.4 Material Purity 47 Applications 3 3.5 Mechanical Properties 48 Scope and
More informationProcess simulation of pulp mills and biorefineries Niklas Berglin, Innventia
Process simulation of pulp mills and biorefineries Niklas Berglin, Innventia 1 Our approach full-mill process models Allows complexity and detail without losing overview Can be developed gradually to focus
More informationTopic Reacting masses Level GCSE Outcomes 1. To calculate reacting masses 2. To set out mole calculations in a grid format
Topic Reacting masses Level GCSE Outcomes 1. To calculate reacting masses 2. To set out mole calculations in a grid format Problems on Reacting Masses of Solids Section 1 1. What is the mass of magnesium
More informationPHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND VISCOSITY CONTROL FOR STRONG BAGASSE BLACK LIQUOR BY SALT ADDITION
Nineteenth International Water Technology Conference, IWTC19 Sharm ElSheikh, 21-23 April 216 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND VISCOSITY CONTROL FOR STRONG BAGASSE BLACK LIQUOR BY SALT ADDITION M.M. Nassar 1, K.M.
More informationWater solutions for the Pulp & Paper industry WATER TECHNOLOGIES
Water solutions for the Pulp & Paper industry WATER TECHNOLOGIES Creating Water Solutions for the Pulp & Paper Industry Veolia Water Technologies has been meeting the process water, effluent and sludge
More informationGunns Limited Bell Bay Pulp Mill Project TASMANIA EXPERT WITNESS STATEMENT DR ESA KARI VAKKILAINEN EXPERT OF GUNNS LIMITED
Pöyry Forest Industry Oy Jaakonkatu 3 FI-01620 Vantaa Finland Domicile Vantaa, Finland Business ID. 1071411-1 Gunns Limited Bell Bay Pulp Mill Project TASMANIA In the matter of the Bell Bay Pulp Mill Project:
More informationGasification of SRF. Matti Nieminen. IEA Bioenergy Workshop on Production and utilisation options for Solid Recovered Fuels Dublin, 20th October 2011
Waste to Energy Gasification of SRF Matti Nieminen VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland IEA Bioenergy Workshop on Production and utilisation options for Solid Recovered Fuels Dublin, 20th October 2011
More informationQuestion 6.1: Copper can be extracted by hydrometallurgy but not zinc. Explain. The reduction potentials of zinc and iron are lower than that of copper. In hydrometallurgy, zinc and iron can be used to
More informationLecture 1: Introduction
Islamic University of Gaza Environmental Engineering Department Water Treatment EENV 4331 Lecture 1: Introduction Dr. Fahid Rabah 1 1.1 Water Cycle and Water Resources 2 1.2 Water Distribution on Earth
More information