Transmission Systems of the Future: Trends, Challenges and innovative Solutions
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1 Transmission Systems of the Future: Trends, Challenges and innovative Solutions Rainer Krebs, Principal Expert, Head of Protection and Control System Studies Dept. siemens.at/future-of-energy
2 Transmission Systems of the Future Trends, challenges and innovative solutions not only for Europe Trends 3 Challenges 6 Innovative Solution VSC HVDC 8 Innovative Solution SIGUARD 11 Page 2
3 Trends Integration of renewables into existing electrical systems Renewables feeding all voltage levels Bulk wind farms onshore and offshore feeding transmission grid Smaller wind farms and large PV plants feeding distribution grid Small roof PV plants feeding LV grid Energy infeed is predictable, power infeed not Energy trade Energy market is deregulated Transmission system expansion Reduction of spinning reserve Power electronics equipments Reduction of system inertia High system dynamics Transmission grids with a clear Power Transmission task are transformed into Power Exchange platforms Page 3
4 Trends Horizontal and vertical effects of renewable integration Challenges Freedom of consumers Fluctuating renewable generation Energy trade Problems Vertically: Distribution systems are interconnected with transmission systems Horizontally: All entso-e transmission systems are interconnected No regional limitation High system dynamics Generation Energy Trade Load Solution Innovative solutions are required to meet the challenges High-power electronics equipment on primary side High-speed intelligent controls on secondary side Page 4
5 Trends Ten Years Network Development Plan TYNDP Grid development drivers Bottlenecks identified Source: Ten years network development plan TYNDP 2012 Page 5
6 Challenges Ten Years Network Development Plan TYNDP Projects Projects Challenges for Europe until 2022 >100 transmission projects km lines km HVAC lines km HVAV subsea cables km HVDC lines 82% of investments for new equipment 18% of investments for refurbishment and upgrade Page 6 Source: Ten years network development plan TYNDP 2012
7 Challenges Grid Development Plan NEP , Germany German Grid Development: Based on pilot study of the BMU (German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and nuclear safety) In accordance with TYNDP of entso-e Fulfills all requirements for the target year 2022 BNA Conclusions One HVDC cancelled! HVDC Interconnections New AC lines AC line upgrades Main Callenges in Germany: Integration of DC connections Parallel to existing AC system Using partly existing routes and even same towers AC Grid Enhancement GDP AC New Lines GDP DC New Lines GDP Enhancements in the Starting Grid New Lines in the Starting Grid Page 7
8 Innovative Solutions HVDC PLUS Trans Bay Cable Project, USA Goal: Security of supply for San Francisco area 2010 Advantages of VSC HVDC No increase of short-circuit capacity Elimination of transmission bottlenecks Load relief in AC system Increase of voltage stability by VAR control Transmission Constraints before TBC sea cable = ~ = = ~ = Transmission Constraints after TBC Page 8
9 Innovative Solutions HVDC PLUS INELFE, Europe Goal: Enhancement of Spain (REE) and France (RTE) Interconecction Projects Advantages of VSC HVDC: World s first with 2 x 1,000MW each at +/- 320kV 65km XLPE cable through Pyrenees Controlled power exchange Sharing of reserve capacity No increase in short-circuit power Increase in angular stability Increase in voltage stability 2014 INELFE Source: Ten years network development plan TYNDP 2012 Page 9
10 Innovative Solutions HVDC PLUS INELFE: 2 x 1000 MW Plant Santa Llogaia, Spain Customer Project Name Location Power Rating Type of Plant Voltage Level INELFE Joint Venture REE-RTE INELFE Santa Llogaia, España Baixas, Francia 2 x 1,000 MW HVDC PLUS Underground Cable approx. 60 km. ± 320 kv DC Type of Semiconductor IGBT Page 10
11 Innovative Solutions SIGUARD SIGUARD PDP Observer SIGUARD PDP, the phasor data processor, uses PMUs a cutting-edge phasor-measurement technology to observe the actual state of the power system. It monitors system variables and informs about critical system states. SIGUARD DSA Navigator SIGUARD DSA, the dynamic security assessment, analyzes possible contingencies and assesses the system stability. It provides the operator with an overview of the current and near-future state of system stability. SIGUARD PSA Protector SIGUARD PSA, the protection security assessment, analyzes the selectivity, sensitivity, and speed of the entire protection system. It enables a rigorous protection system performance audit. Page 11
12 Innovative solutions SIGUARD DSA - The power system navigator Working point System State Dynamic Analysis forecasts time now - Re-dispatch - tap-changer blocking - load shedding -... Measures Visualization Page 12
13 Page 14
14 We are well prepared to manage the challenges of our future transmission systems! Prof. Dr. Rainer Krebs Principal Expert Power Technologies Head of Protection and Control System Studies Dept. Freyeslebenstr Erlangen Phone: +49 (9131) Fax: +49 (9131) Mobile: +49 (171) rainer.krebs@siemens.com siemens.at/future-of-energy Page 15
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