UPOREDNA METODOLOGIJA KONTINUALNOG PRAĆENJA STANJA VAZDUHA U GRADU NIŠU
|
|
- Gabriel Floyd
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 UPOREDNA METODOLOGIJA KONTINUALNOG PRAĆENJA STANJA VAZDUHA U GRADU NIŠU Predrag M. Živković *, Mladen A. Tomić **, Gradimir S. Ilić *, Aleksandra D. Boričić ** *Univerzitet u Nišu, Mašinski fakultet, Aleksandra Medvedeva 14, Niš, Srbija **Visoka tehnička škola strukovnih studija, Aleksandra Medvedeva 20, Niš, Srbija Apstract: Uvećanje intenziteta saobraćaja, kao i ubrzana industrijalizacija širom sveta ima za posledicu da je kvalitet vazduha postao jedan od najbitnijih faktora svakodnevnog života. Praćenje kvaliteta vazduha je neophodan činilac za pravilno odlučivanje o kvalitetu vazduha i zagađenju. Osnova takvog istraživanja je merenje karakteristika vetra, obzirom da je vetar najuticajniji činilac u turbulentnoj difuziji polutanata u atmosferi. Najveći deo polutanata u vazduhu potiče od procesa sagorevanja, čiji izvori mogu biti međusobno jako udaljeni. Stoga je bitno uraditi kvantitativnu, kao i kvalitativnu analizu nivo zagađenja. U ovom radu je predstavljena specifična metodologija za akviziciju podataka o vetru, temperaturi i kvalitetu vazduha. Dato je poređenje izmerenih rezultata, kao i detaljan prikaz korišćenog akvizicionog softvera. Ključne reči: Kvalitet vazduha, Atmosferski uslovi, Akvizicioni softver, Podaci o vetru, CO 2.
2 COMPARATIVE METHODOLOGY FOR CONTINUOUS AIR QUALITY MONITORING IN THE CITY OF NIŠ Predrag M. Živković *, Mladen A. Tomić **, Gradimir S. Ilić *, Aleksandra D. Boričić ** *Univerzity of Niš, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Aleksandra Medvedeva 14, Niš, Srbija **The School of Higher Technical Professional Education, Aleksandra Medvedeva 20, Niš, Srbija Abstract: Increase of traffic intensity as well as the rapid industry development across the world resulted in air quality becoming one of the most important influences of everyday life. Air quality monitoring is the necessary factor for proper decision making regarding air quality and pollution. Basics of such investigations are the measurement of wind characteristics, as the wind is the most influential factor in turbulent pollution diffusion into the atmosphere. The most of the air pollution originates from combustion processes, and the sources of pollution can be very distant. It is important to make quantitative, as well as qualitative analysis of the the polution levels. In this paper, specific methodology for continuous wind, temperature and air quality data acquisition is presented. Comparison of the measured results is given, as well as the detailed presentation of the characteristics of the acquisition software used. Keywords: Air Quality, Atmospheric Conditions, Acquisition Software, Wind Data, CO INTRODUCTION Since the Industrial Revolution, the mankind is dealing with increasing pollution problems. Main pollution sources are the side effects of manufacturing, mining, transportation, and power production. The air pollution is usually explained as the interaction of noxious aerosols, gases and particles emitted into the atmosphere with the surrounding environment. The impacts of the pollutant emissions on the environment are usually measured by their effects in the human standard of living, the number of people affected and the applied technology [1]. Since 1960, the world population has been doubled and due to improvements of standard of living and world economy. At the same time, the global number of pollutant sources like cars emissions have raised by a factor of 10 [2]. The increased air pollution level have led to important impacts on human health and well-being, as well as have caused material damages on economical/technical
3 structures of cultural heritage and large scale environmental phenomena as acidification, depletion of the ozone layer and an imminent global warming. The most direct impacts of air pollution are felt for those who live in cities. The United Nations report of mentions that already 48.7% of the world s population were living in urban areas in This development was expected to continue in the subsequent years, and some statistical estimations says that more than the half of the world population is living in urban areas since 2008, thus it marks the first time in history that the world have more urban residents than rural residents [3]. The present EU environmental legislation intents to control high pollutant concentrations and air quality conditions in urban environments. It is obvious that proper estimation of the pollutant emission level is of vital importance. As the refference component for the measurements, concentration of CO 2 was chosen. Reasons for such decision were the chemical inertiality and the relatively high concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere, which allows it to be used as the tracer gas. Although CO 2 is denser than air, it can be assumed that the other components of the flue gasses will be distributed similarly. The fact is that for simulations of urban pollution distribution usually SF 6 was used, and its density is 6.12kg/m 3, which is considerably higher than 1.98kg/m 3 for CO 2 (both for atmospheric pressure and 0 0 C). As from 1. january SF 6 was banned as the tracer gas, some other solution had to be found. Under such conditions, it can be accepted that CO 2 as a main flue gas component can indicate the distribution of all the other components. 2. MEASURING METHOD In order to make as proper real-time air quality monitoring with least possible measured values, proper estimation of pollution sources was essential. As noted earlier, the main pollution sources are the traffic and the district heating plants, followed by the individual heating in households District heating plant The District Heating Plant "Krivi Vir" is located in the center of the City. It is surronded with high buildings, mostly over 7 floors high. About people are directly and highly influenced by the plant. The plant power is 130MW. Situation was much improved when fuel was changed from heavy oil to natural gas in The diagram shown on the following Figure 1 represents the daily consumption of the natural gas in the District Heating Plant "Krivi Vir" for the heating season 2009/10.
4 potroš nja gasa Nm3/dan Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr 2010 Figure 1. Natural gas consumption in the District heating plant Krivi Vir for the heating season 2009/10. Recent measurements shows that flue gasses on the exhaust collector contains 0-1ppm CO, 1-2ppm NO and about 50ppm NO 2 and NO x. This indicates that the main components are CO 2 and H 2 O, which justifies the choice of CO 2 as the tracer gas. The measured results will be used for the justifiction of the numerical experiment, which is intended to show the qualitative distribution of the pollutants, using CO 2 as the tracer gas Traffic intensity Jagodin Mala District Heating Plant Krivi Vir Measuring site 2 7. Juli Measuring site 1 Theater Marger City Hospital Boulevard Figure 2. Disposition of measuring sites.
5 Traffic counting was performed on six major crossroads in the City of Niš. The data were collected from 5AM until 1AM the next day for each location, at the end of For the location Jagodin Mala measurements were performed for 10 days, for each working day and weekend, as well as for 4 days in the summer [4]. As can be seen on the Figure 2, the measuring locations are carefully chosen and fairly represents the crossroads with highest traffic intensity in the City of Niš. This data were used to estimate the traffic intensity for each direction for all major streets in the City of Niš. It is assumed that traffic intensity for other locations and streets can be estimated on the basis of the data collected. Simultaneously with the traffic counting, CO 2 imission measurement was performed using the TESTO 454 gas analyzer with ambient CO 2 probe Measurements were performed on distances 1, 3 or 5m from the street, on height of 1 m Wind data Wind measurements were performed on 3 locations in the city, in the period December 2008 to December On those locations, wind speed and direction, temperature and CO 2 concentration were measured on the height of 10m. Wind measurements were performed with second generation cup anemometer produced by the firm Vetrotipalnik Ljubljana, CO 2 concentration with probe TGS4161 produced by company FIGARO ENGINEERING INC., JAPAN, and temperature measurements by PT100 element with precision of C Measuring equipment Sensors used for measurements were chosen by the specific temperature, humidity and concentration levels in the free atmosphere. The measuring period was from the end of until the end of Cup anemometer characteristics The anemometer used is is second generation cup anemometer, with direction sensor mounted on the same shaft with the speed sensor. During the measurement period, considering the City of Niš climate, there was no frosting of the sensor (during the winter period). Table 1. Cup anemometer technical data. Wind speed measurement Wind direction measurement Measuring range m/s Measuring range Accuracy ±0.1m/s Accuracy ±0.1 0 Temperature range C Temperature range C Rel. humidity range 0 100%RH Rel. humidity range 0 100%RH Acquisition speed 1sample/sec Acquisition speed 1sample/sec The measuring range of the anemometer is m/s, with precission of 0.1m/s. Wind speed lower than 0.5m/s is measurable, but with lower accuracy. Wind direction is being measured with
6 precision of , which should be improved in the following period, by applying new sensor, mounted on another shaft. Sampling rate is 1sec, while the measuring results are being shown as average over the 5min. period. This technique was used to reduce the influences of wind turbulece on the measured results. CO 2 sensor characteristics The characteristics of the sensor used are shown in the Table 2. From this data one can notice that the sensor can operate normally in the entire measuring range, since the lowest measured value of CO 2 concentration was 392ppm, and the higher about 1000ppm. Table 2. CO 2 sensor technical data. CO2 concentration measurement Measuring range ppmCO 2 Accuracy ±20% at 1000ppmCO 2 Temperature range C Rel. humidity range 5 95%RH Acquisition speed 1sample/sec Temperature sensor characteristics The temperature sensor used is PT100 element, with precission of C. This measurement was added in order to ensure the comparison of the measured data with standard ones Measuring results Traffic data From the data obtained by the IT Sector of MUP R. Serbia, there are vehicles registered in the City of Niš. According to the composition of this fleet of vehicles, using Copert [5] software, CO 2 emission estimation was performed y = 5E 07x x R 2 = CO 2 concentration [ppm] CO 2 emission estimation [g/km] y = 6E 07x x R 2 = [sec] Figure 3. Comparison of estimated CO 2 emission and measured CO 2 concentration on a choosen location.
7 Traffic counting was performed on six major crossroads in the City of Niš. The data were collected from 5AM until 1AM the next day for each location, at the end of For the location Jagodin Mala measurements were performed for 10 days, for each working day and weekend, as well as for 4 days in the summer [4]. The pollutant concentrations are intended to be estimated after the validation of the numerical experiment, having in mind the fact that the wind and atmospheric state have the crucial effect on the pollution distribution. In the Figure 3, comparison between estimated CO 2 emission and measured CO 2 concentration for one of the measured locations is presented. The results showed the existence of a relation between the measured CO 2 concentration and traffic frequency, i.e. CO 2 emission. In the Figure 4.a. measured traffic frequency for the chosen location and date is presented. Data have been averaged over 5 min intervals. Two extremes can be noticed, one in the morning, between 9 and 10 AM (morning rush-hour) and between 3 and 4 PM (afternoon rush-hour). Number of vehicles in the period from 1 to 5 AM is <50 per hour, which is negligible, comparing to ~3000 per hour during rush hours. Similar distributions were obtained for all measuring locations during work days. During weekend, distribution was normal statistical distribution. Vehicle N o Jagodin Mala cars trucks a) b) Figure 4. (a) Measured frequency of vehicles on a measuring location and (b) distribution approximation for all measured locations used for Copert. Wind data Wind measurements were performed on 3 different locations near the street (to measure the influence of traffic), in the City Fortress (to indicate the influence of green and forested areas) and in the suburbia (to indicate the influence of single households on outdoor air quality).
8 Figure 5. Wind rose and Weibull distribution histogram on the measuring site 1 (suburban). The results from all measuring sites shows the dominant wind direction same as the Nišava river (sector 60 0 ), which flows through the choosen domain and the influence of the larger Morava river (sector ), which is about 7km to the west from Niš. The results are very similar to the ones from the main meteorological station Niš. CO 2 data As there is large number of measurements on all measuring sites, the data comparison for the first half of April is presented. This measurements on both measuring locations shows the significant decrease of CO 2 concentration on the end of the heating season (marked with circle on both diagrams on Figure 6). This shows that the start predictions are correct, and that these measurements, after thorough analysis, can take us closer to understanding of the CO 2 distribution into the atmosphere. Figure 6. Data collected on the Measuring site 1 (suburban) and CO 2 concentration measurement on the Measuring site 3 (green area).
9 3. CONCLUSION In this paper, specific methodology for continuous atmospheric conditions monitoring by measuring of wind speed and direction, temperature and CO 2 concentration is presented. The proposed methodology shows large possibilities for quantitative estimation of the air quality. As concentration level of CO 2 is easily and precisely measured, the proposed methodology gives a relatively cheap and very precise system of quantitative air quality monitoring. The results obtained shows that it is possible to assess the influence of the District Heating Plant, traffic and households, which are the largest CO 2 sources in the City of Niš. As the wind is the most influential parameter for pollution diffusion processes, it is possible to combine continuous CO 2 measurements with the sampling techniques for different pollutants in order to obtain real time monitoring of the areas in which the pollution sources originates mostly from combustion processes (which is almost everywhere, except nearby the large chemical plants). Such methodology should improve our knowledge of the air quality in, primary, highly populated areas. Results of the estimated traffic induced CO 2 emission shows good agreement with the measured CO 2 concentrations near the street (Figure 3). One can notice that traffic frequency increase leads to an adequate CO 2 concentration level increase on the measuring location. The atmospheric conditions during this measurement were stable, with wind speed < 1m//s. The chosen monitoring sites covers all types of urban environment in the City of Niš, the suburbia (Monitoring Site 1), City centre (Monitoring Site 2) and green area (Monitoring site 3). It can be concluded that the methodology presented is acceptable for various monitoring schemes in urban, as well in rural and uninhabited areas. Hopefully, beter understanding of atmospheric phenomena, as well as the pollution dispersion, will lead to understanding of necesity to keep, and even improve the quality of the entire environment. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This paper is a part of the research done within the project III supported by Ministry of Education, Science, and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. REFERENCES [1] Fenger J., Hertel O., Palmgren F., Urban Air Pollution European Aspects, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 1998 [2] European Environment Agency, September, 2008, report bulletin No [3] Izarra R. G., Second moment modelling for the numerical simulation of passive scalar dispersion in urban environments, Ph.D. thesis, der Universität Siegen, Siegen, Germany, 2009.
10 [4] Živković P. M., Istraživanje uticaja karakteristika tehnološkog procesa u referentnom postrojenju na kvalitet vazduha u neposrednom okruženju, Ph.D. thesis, University of Niš, Serbia, [5] Ntziachristos L., Samaras Z., COPERT 3 Computer Programme to Calculate Emissions from Road Transport, Methodology and Emission Factor (version 2.1), Copenhagen: European Environment Agency; 2000, Copenhagen, Denmark
Delta Air Quality Monitoring Study June 2004 March 2006
Delta Air Quality Monitoring Study June 2004 March 2006 Air Quality Policy and Management Division Policy and Planning Department Greater Vancouver Regional District: August, 2006 Table of Contents Executive
More informationQUALITY MARK OF AIR IN CITY OF NISH, BASED ON MEASURED CONCENTRATION OF SO 2 AND SOOT BETWEEN 1980 AND 2001 UDC
FACTA UNIVERSITATIS Series: Working and Living Environmental Protection Vol. 2, N o 4, 2004, pp. 235-242 QUALITY MARK OF AIR IN CITY OF NISH, BASED ON MEASURED CONCENTRATION OF SO 2 AND SOOT BETWEEN 1980
More informationAIR DISPERSION MODELING IN ORDER TO ASSESS IMPACT OF POWER AND INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
AIR DISPERSION MODELING IN ORDER TO ASSESS IMPACT OF POWER AND INDUSTRIAL PLANTS Kaštel Ečka, Zrenjanin, 2013. Dušan Todorović, Aleksandar Jovović, Dejan Radić, Marko Obradović, Nikola Karličić, Miroslav
More informationPotential Impact of Biomass Burning on Urban Air Quality: Case-study of Chiang Mai
Potential Impact of Biomass Burning on Urban Air Quality: Case-study of Chiang Mai Sébastien Bonnet, Narongchai Suwanprik and Savitri Garivait The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment Chiang
More information5.39 AN EVALUATION OF THE URBAN DISPERSION MODELS SIRANE AND ADMS URBAN, USING FIELD DATA FROM LYON.
5.39 AN EVALUATION OF THE URBAN DISPERSION MODELS SIRANE AND ADMS URBAN, USING FIELD DATA FROM LYON. Soulhac, L. 1., Pradelle, F. 2 & Perkins, R.J. 1 1 Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d Acoustique,
More informationSTREET LEVEL VERSUS URBAN BACKGROUND CONCENTRATIONS OF SUBMICRON PARTICLES IN COPENHAGEN - MEASUREMENTS AND FIRST MODELING STUDIES
STREET LEVEL VERSUS URBAN BACKGROUND CONCENTRATIONS OF SUBMICRON PARTICLES IN COPENHAGEN - MEASUREMENTS AND FIRST MODELING STUDIES M. KETZEL 1,2,#, P. WÅHLIN 1, and R. BERKOWICZ 1 1 National Environmental
More information8 AIR AND CLIMATE Introduction
Table of contents 8 AIR AND CLIMATE... 8-1 8.1 Introduction... 8-1 8.1.1 Scope of the Assessment... 8-1 8.1.2 Methodology... 8-1 8.1.3 Assessment Criteria for Air Quality... 8-2 8.1.4 National Legislation
More informationAn Assessment of Thermal Comfort in Hot and Dry Season (A Case Study of 4 Theaters at Bayero University Kano)
International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research Research Article ISSN: - Available at: http://ijmcr.com An Assessment of Thermal Comfort in Hot and Dry Season (A Case Study of Theaters
More informationEVALUATION OF THE SOLAR INCOME FOR BRAŞOV URBAN AREA
Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov Vol. (5) - Series I: Engineering Sciences EVALUATION OF THE SOLAR INCOME FOR BRAŞOV URBAN AREA C. ŞERBAN E. EFTIMIE Abstract: Energy is an essential factor
More information2016 Nitrogen Dioxide Summary
2016 Nitrogen Dioxide Summary New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection SOURCES Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a reddish-brown highly reactive gas that is formed in the air through the oxidation of
More informationClean Air. for. Kaliningrad
Clean Air for Kaliningrad Clean Air for Kaliningrad The urban air pollution induced by traffic in Kaliningrad is raising increasing concern. KALAIR is a LIFE-Third Countries Project, co-funded by the European
More informationHow much does Kansas rangeland burning contribute to ambient O 3 and PM 2.5?
How much does Kansas rangeland burning contribute to ambient O 3 and PM 2.5? - Analysis of data from 21 to 216 Dr. Zifei Liu zifeiliu@ksu.edu Rangeland burning smoke management and air quality workshop
More informationBlack Carbon as the metric to assess the efficiency of traffic restrictions in urban and non-urban environments
Black Carbon as the metric to assess the efficiency of traffic restrictions in urban and non-urban environments AIRUSE final conference Barcelona, 18 Apr 2016 A. Gregorič, L. Drinovec, I. Ježek, I. Iskra,
More informationThe environmental impact of urban transport: a case study for a new road in Catania province
Urban Transport XIII: Urban Transport and the Environment in the 21st Century 699 The environmental impact of urban transport: a case study for a new road in Catania province F. Patania, A. Gagliano, F.
More information2012 Nitrogen Dioxide Summary
2012 Nitrogen Dioxide Summary New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection NATURE AND SOURCES Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 ) is a reddishbrown, highly reactive gas that is formed in the air through the
More informationWaterview Operational Air Quality Monitoring Report November 2017
Waterview Operational Air Quality Monitoring Report November 2017 Document No: [Subject] Waterview Tunnel Joint Operation nzta.govt.nz/waterviewconnection 1399 Great North Road, Waterview, Auckland 1026
More information12. EMISSIONS OF SULPHUR DIOXIDE
Air Air quality is to a great extent influenced by combustion of fossil fuels, evaporation of volatile organic compounds and their photochemical reaction with other pollutants in the atmosphere. Pollutants
More informationWaterview Operational Air Quality Monitoring Report January 2018
Waterview Operational Air Quality Monitoring Report January 2018 Document No: [Subject] Waterview Tunnel Joint Operation nzta.govt.nz/waterviewconnection 1399 Great North Road, Waterview, Auckland 1026
More informationAnalysis of Wind Speed Data in East of Libya
Analysis of Wind Speed Data in East of Libya Abdelkarim A. S, D. Danardono, D. A. Himawanto, Hasan M. S. Atia Mechanical Engineering Department, SebelasMaret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36ASurakarta Indonesia
More informationAir quality pollution from traffic and point sources in Skopje assessed with different air pollution models
International Scientific Conference Air quality pollution from traffic and point sources in Skopje assessed with different air pollution models Kosta Mitreski, Martina Toceva, Nikola Koteli, Ljupco Karajanovski
More informationModelling the effects of traffic emissions on the air quality
Air Pollution XIII 49 Modelling the effects of traffic emissions on the air quality G. Genon & E. Brizio Turin Polytechnic, Italy Abstract European directives 1999/30/CE and 2000/69/CE set severe limits
More informationAIR QUALITY ESTIMATION BY COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE METHODOLOGIES
S493 AIR QUALITY ESTIMATION BY COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE METHODOLOGIES by Ivan T. ]IRI] *, Žarko M. ]OJBAŠI], Vlastimir D. NIKOLI], Predrag M. ŽIVKOVI], and Mladen A. TOMI] Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,
More informationREPRESENTATIVENESS OF URBAN MONITORING STATIONS
REPRESENTATIVENESS OF URBAN MONITORING STATIONS JL Santiago, F Martín, A Martilli Atmospheric Pollution Division, Environmental Department, CIEMAT, Spain jl.santiago@ciemat.es fernando.martin@ciemat.es
More informationRiverside New Urbanism Project
Riverside New Urbanism Project Task 2.2 Neighborhood Traffic and Air Pollution Modeling Final Report By Ji Luo Kanok Boriboonsomsin College of Engineering - Center for Environmental Research and Technology
More informationUniversity of Michigan Eco-Driving Index (EDI) Latest data: August 2017
University of Michigan Eco-Driving Index () http://www.ecodrivingindex.org Latest data: August 2017 Developed and issued monthly by Michael Sivak and Brandon Schoettle Sustainable Worldwide Transportation
More informationThe thermal effects of city greens on surroundings under the tropical climate
September 2004 Page 1 of 6 The thermal effects of city greens on surroundings under the tropical climate Wong Nyuk Hien 1 and Chen Yu 2 1,2 Department of Building, National University of Singapore, Singapore
More informationASSESSMENT OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN ESKISEHIR, TURKEY
Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Air Quality Management at Urban, Regional and Global Scales. pp. 2-29, 26-3 September 25, Istanbul Turkey ASSESSMENT OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN ESKISEHIR,
More informationCOMPARATIVE SUMMER THERMAL AND COOLING LOAD PERFORMANCE OF NATURAL VENTILATION OF CAVITY ROOF UNDER THREE DIFFERENT CLIMATE ZONES
COMPARATIVE SUMMER THERMAL AND COOLING LOAD PERFORMANCE OF NATURAL VENTILATION OF CAVITY ROOF UNDER THREE DIFFERENT CLIMATE ZONES Lusi Susanti 1, Hiroshi Matsumoto 2, and Hiroshi Homma 2 1 Department of
More informationINVESTIGATIONS OF GYPSUM BOARDS WITH REGARD TO THE MOISTURE-BUFFERING-EFFECTS
INVESTIGATIONS OF GYPSUM BOARDS WITH REGARD TO THE MOISTURE-BUFFERING-EFFECTS Kristin Lengsfeld, Andreas Holm, and Martin Krus Department of Indoor Environment and Climate Impacts, Fraunhofer-Institute
More information2016 Carbon Monoxide Summary
2016 Carbon Monoxide Summary New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection SOURCES Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless gas formed when carbon in fuels is not burned completely. The main source
More information24 August Leanne Cross Senior Environmental Planner KDC Via
24 August 2018 Leanne Cross Senior Environmental Planner KDC Via email: Leanne@kdc.com.au RE: Air Quality Assessment Proposed Mt Piper Rail Loop Modification Dear Leanne, Todoroski Air Sciences has assessed
More informationSOLAR RADIATION ESTIMATION UNDER CLEAR SKY CONDITIONS FOR BRAŞOV AREA (ROMANIA) LINKE TURBIDITY FACTOR
SOLAR RADIATION ESTIMATION UNDER CLEAR SKY CONDITIONS FOR BRAŞOV AREA (ROMANIA) LINKE TURBIDITY FACTOR Elena EFTIMIE Transilvania University of Braşov, Romania Abstract. The determination of solar radiation
More informationMeasurement of Carbon Dioxide Concentration in the Outdoor Environment
R32 Project: Measurement of Carbon Dioxide Concentration in the Outdoor Environment Woo Ka Ming Physics Department, from Chinese University of Hong Kong, CONTENTS: Introduction 1. Data Analysis: 1.1 Measurements
More informationChemical composition and source apportionment of PM 1.0, PM 2.5 and PM in the roadside environment of Hong Kong
Chemical composition and source apportionment of PM 1.0, PM 2.5 and PM 10-2.5 in the roadside environment of Hong Kong Dr. Cheng Yan Department of Environmental Science and Technology School of Human Settlements
More informationModelling urban pollution dispersion by using MISKAM
Modelling urban pollution dispersion by using MISKAM Márton Balczó 1, Tamás Faragó 2, Tamás Lajos 3 PhD Student 1, Student 2, Professor 3 Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of
More informationNEW TRENDS AND CHALLENGES OF AIR POLLUTION MONITORING USING LOW-COST SENSORS: WHAT IDAD LEARNED?
European Network on New Sensing Technologies for Air Pollution Control and Environmental Sustainability - EuNetAir COST Action TD1105 Final Meeting at PRAGUE (CZ), 5-7 October 2016 New Sensing Technologies
More informationLONG-TERM CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF UNSTEADY BEHAVIOR OF ROOF-DEPOSIT LOAD
LONG-TERM CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF UNSTEADY BEHAVIOR OF ROOF-DEPOSIT LOAD YASUO NIHEI, TAKUSHI YOSHIDA Department of Civil Eng., Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-851, Japan
More informationNortheast Air Quality Monitoring Assessment: Analysis of Results
Northeast Air Quality Monitoring Assessment: Analysis of Results Prepared by Eric Taylor Air Quality Meteorologist BC Ministry of Environment December 21, 2017 1 2 Executive Summary Government and industry
More informationENERGY EVALUATION BY SIMULATION FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF SEWAGE HEAT
Proceedings of BS213: ENERGY EVALUATION BY SIMULATION FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF SEWAGE HEAT Toshihiko Sudo 1,Ryoichi Kajiya 2, Koji Sakai 2 1 Nikken Sekkei Research Institute, Japan 2 School of Science and
More informationEVE 402/502 Air Pollution Generation and Control. Background. Background. 1. Introduction to Particulate Matter 2. Real (old) data in Atlanta
EVE 42/2 Air Pollution Generation and Control 1. Introduction to Particulate Matter 2. Real (old) data in Atlanta Background What is PM 2.? Solid (or liquid) particles with aerodynamic diameters < 2. mm
More informationAbstract. 1 Introduction
The role of temporal operation profiles on the study of SO^ pollution from domestic heatingin Thessaloniki, Greece A. Karagiannidis, K. Karatzas, N. Moussiopoulos, P. Sahm Laboratory ofheat Transfer and
More informationIMPACT ON AIR QUALITY BY INCREASE IN AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS FROM THERMAL POWER PLANTS
Sixth International Conference on Geotechnique, Construction Materials and Environment, Bangkok, Thailand, Nov. 14-16, 2016, ISBN: 978-4-9905958-6-9 C3051 IMPACT ON AIR QUALITY BY INCREASE IN AIR POLLUTANT
More informationQuality of Air in Urban and suburban Area's of the Prishtina's and Meteorological Impact Conditions in Distribution of Pollution
Quality of Air in Urban and suburban Area's of the Prishtina's and Meteorological Impact Conditions in Distribution of Pollution Prof.Dr.Sc.Sylë Tahirsylaj 1.1, eng.dipl. of technology Letafete Latifi
More informationParticle Size Distribution in the Ambient Air during a Period of High PM10 Immissions
Particle Size Distribution in the Ambient Air during a Period of High PM1 Immissions Norbert Klippel, Brigitt Hausammann, Thomas Nussbaumer Verenum, Langmauerstrasse 19, CH-86 Zurich (Switzerland), www.verenum.ch
More informationH AIR QUALITY MODELLING OF ROAD PROJECTS USING A 3D COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) MODEL. Malo Le Guellec, Lobnat Ait Hamou, Amita Tripathi
H13-198 AIR QUALITY MODELLING OF ROAD PROJECTS USING A 3D COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) MODEL Malo Le Guellec, Lobnat Ait Hamou, Amita Tripathi FLUIDYN France, Saint-Denis, France Abstract: The air
More informationSpatial Extent of Mobile Source Air Pollution
Spatial Extent of Mobile Source Air Pollution Ying Zhou, Sc.D. Harvard School of Public Health Northern Transportation and Air Quality Summit Baltimore, MD August 13 1, 28 1 Introduction Hot spot Spatial
More informationStudy of In-Vehicle Pollutant Variation in Public Transport Buses Operating on Alternative Fuels in the City of Toledo, Ohio
The Open Environmental & Biological Monitoring Journal, 2011, 4, 1-20 1 Open Access Study of In-Vehicle Pollutant Variation in Public Transport Buses Operating on Alternative Fuels in the City of Toledo,
More informationEFFECT OF OZONE AND DISTANCE FROM A MAJOR ROADWAY ON NITROGEN OXIDES CONCENTRATIONS
HAMPTON UNIVERSITY EASTERN SEABOARD INTERMODAL TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS CENTER EFFECT OF OZONE AND DISTANCE FROM A MAJOR ROADWAY ON NITROGEN OXIDES CONCENTRATIONS Dr. Ates Akyurtlu Professor of Chemical
More informationImpact of road traffic on air quality at two locations in Kuwait
Air Pollution XVII 183 Impact of road traffic on air quality at two locations in Kuwait E. Al-Bassam 1, V. Popov 2 & A. Khan 1 1 Environment and Urban Development Division, Kuwait Institute for Scientific
More informationVariations of sound from wind turbines during different weather conditions
Variations of sound from wind turbines during different weather conditions Conny Larsson 1 Olof Öhlund 2 Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden Long-term
More informationHow safe is Beijing s Air Quality for Human Health? Naresh Kumar Θ
How safe is Beijing s Air Quality for Human Health? Naresh Kumar Θ Abstract: The success of the 2008 Olympics will be largely impacted by the level of air pollution in Beijing. The World Health Organization
More informationRespirable Particulate Matter Pollution Characteristics and their Correlation with Meteorological parameters in Kota city
Respirable Particulate Matter Pollution Characteristics and their Correlation with Meteorological parameters in Kota city Shikha Saxena 1*, Anil K Mathur 2, A.K Dwivedi 3 Department of Civil Engineering
More informationAIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER AT A BUS STATION: CONCENTRATION LEVELS AND GOVERNING PARAMETERS
AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER AT A BUS STATION: CONCENTRATION LEVELS AND GOVERNING PARAMETERS M Jamriska 1, * L Morawska 1, M Yip 2 and P Madl 2 1 International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland
More informationStudy of microscale urban air dispersion by ADMS - Urban
Study of microscale urban air dispersion by ADMS - Urban Jason P.L. Huang Atmospheric, Marine and Coastal Environment Program (AMCE), The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Jimmy C.H. Fung Department
More informationAir quality in the vicinity of a governmental school in Kuwait
Air Pollution XVI 237 Air quality in the vicinity of a governmental school in Kuwait E. Al-Bassam 1, V. Popov 2 & A. Khan 1 1 Environment and Urban Development Division, Kuwait Institute for Scientific
More informationEXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF URBAN CANOPY LAYER FLOW AND DISPERSION
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF URBAN CANOPY LAYER FLOW AND DISPERSION Schatzmann, M. 1, Bächlin, W. 2,Emeis, S. 3, Kühlwein, J. 4, Leitl, B. 1, Müller, W.J. 5, Schäfer, K. 3 1 University of Hamburg, Centre
More informationEnergy Conservation Measure in RDP House in South Africa Overen O. Kelvin, Edson L. Meyer Abstract. Introduction Methodology
Energy Conservation Measure in RDP House in South Africa Overen O. Kelvin, Edson L. Meyer Fort Hare Institute of technology (FHIT), University of Fort Hare Alice ooveren@ufh.ac.za Abstract. Thermal efficiency
More informationANNUAL ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEMS IN BRAŞOV, ROMANIA
Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov Series I: Engineering Sciences Vol. 5 (54) No. 2-212 ANNUAL ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEMS IN BRAŞOV, ROMANIA C. ŞERBAN 1 E. EFTIMIE 1 Abstract:
More informationROAD TRANSPORT EMISSIONS EVOLUTION IN URBAN AREAS; THE CASE OF THESSALONIKI, GREECE
Proceedings of the 14 th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology Rhodes, Greece, 3-5 September 2015 ROAD TRANSPORT EMISSIONS EVOLUTION IN URBAN AREAS; THE CASE OF THESSALONIKI,
More information3D Simulation of a fire inside a river tunnel and optimisation of the ventilation using Computational Fluid Dynamics
3D Simulation of a fire inside a river tunnel and optimisation of the ventilation using Computational Fluid Dynamics Authors: B. TRUCHOT, A. TRIPATHI Fluidyn-France Abstract CFD simulation is used to predict
More informationSTUDY ON THE CONTENT OF SEDIMENT PARTICLES IN THE AIR AROUND TG. JIU TOWN
STUDY ON THE CONTENT OF SEDIMENT PARTICLES IN THE AIR AROUND TG. JIU TOWN Ramona Violeta Cazalbașu, Camelia Căpăţînă ConstantinBrâncuşi University of Tg-Jiu, Faculty of Engineering, Gorj, Romania; ABSTRACT:
More informationUrban Greening and the UHI: Seasonal Trade-offs in Heating and Cooling Energy Consumption in Manchester, UK
Urban Greening and the UHI: Seasonal Trade-offs in Heating and Cooling Energy Consumption in Manchester, UK T H E R E S E A R C H E R S C y n t h i a S k e l h o r n PhD Physical Geography Post-Doctoral
More information9 th International Conference on Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes
9 th International Conference on Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes, Germany June 1-4, 24 Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory
More informationENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF THE OPEN CAST MINING OPERATIONS AT SAMMAD URBAN AREAS NEAR TO LIMESTONE QUARRIES AMMAN 2010
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF THE OPEN CAST MINING OPERATIONS AT SAMMAD URBAN AREAS NEAR TO LIMESTONE QUARRIES DR. AWWAD HUSNI TITI NATURAL RESOURCES AUTHORITY AMMAN JORDAN PHONE:+962 6 58576; FAX: +962 6 5811866
More informationHudson River Estuary Climate Change Lesson Project. Grades 5-8 Teacher s Packet. Lesson 8. Carbon Through the Seasons
Grades 5-8 Teacher s Packet Lesson 8 Carbon Through the Seasons Teacher s Packet 2 Carbon Through the Seasons NYS Intermediate Level Science Standard 1: Analysis, Inquiry and Design/Scientific Inquiry
More informationExceedance of air quality standards
Air quality in Europe (and particularly in the large urban areas) has improved in recent decades. However, it is estimated that in nearly all EU urban citizens were exposed to air pollution levels exceeding
More informationWork Package 2: Performance of naturally ventilated buildings
Work Package 2: Performance of naturally ventilated buildings Detailed Monitoring Report The architectural office of Malmö (SE1) Åke Blomsterberg, Charlotte Svensson J&W Consulting Engineers Building Physics,
More informationAMOUNT OF TOXIC EXHAUST GASES EMITTED DURING ENGINE WARM UP
AMOUNT OF TOXIC EXHAUST GASES EMITTED DURING ENGINE WARM UP Aivars Birkavs, Ilmars Dukulis Latvia University of Agriculture aivars.birkavs@llu.lv, ilmars.dukulis@llu.lv Abstract. Almost everyone of us
More informationAir quality monitoring and modelling techniques for street canyons: the Paris experience
Air quality monitoring and modelling techniques for street canyons: the Paris experience S. Vardoulakis^, N. Gonzalez-Flesca^ & B.E.A. Fisher* *Institut National de I'Environnement Industriel et des Risques
More informationSTUDY ON TESTING FEASIBILITY OF SOLAR ENERGY IN THE PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES
STUDY ON TESTING FEASIBILITY OF SOLAR ENERGY IN THE PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES FALLING WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE EXTRAORDINARY FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC TO THE PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES FOLLOWING
More informationThe Methodology of Chemical Pollutants Approximation Model
The Methodology of Chemical Pollutants Approximation Model STELIAN TARULESCU, CORNELIU COFARU Department of Mechanical Engineering Transilvania University of Brasov Eroilor Boulevard, No 29, Brasov ROMANIA
More informationAir Pollution Challenges in Cities and Contribution from Mobile Sources
Air Pollution Challenges in Cities and Contribution from Mobile Sources ICCT TRUE Workshop, London 7-8th June David Carslaw University of York Ricardo Energy & Environment Outline of talk Brief historical
More informationSHERPA and SHERPA-city: screening tools for air quality modelling in Europe
SHERPA and SHERPA-city: screening tools for air quality modelling in Europe B. Degraeuwe, E. Peduzzi, E. Pisoni, P. Thunis The European Commission s science and knowledge service Joint Research Centre
More informationDispersion Modelling Tools for Urban Air Quality and Climate Amy Stidworthy, Jenny Stocker and David Carruthers
Dispersion Modelling Tools for Urban Air Quality and Climate Amy Stidworthy, Jenny Stocker and David Carruthers 28 th April 2016 London CERC Software ADMS 5 ADMS-Urban ADMS-Roads ADMS-Airport EMIT FLOWSTAR-Energy
More informationHow do we cope with summer peaks? Review of changes after the 2015 crisis.
How do we cope with summer peaks? Review of changes after the 2015 crisis www.forum-energii.eu Forum Energii is a Polish think tank forging the foundations of an effective, secure, clean and innovative
More informationAtmospheric Climate Information for Urban Planning: Beijing Municipal Climate Center
Atmospheric Climate Information for Urban Planning: Beijing Municipal Climate Center LINWEI LIU, WENLI GUO, XIAOYI FANG BEIJING MUNICIPAL CLIMATE CENTER (BMCC) Asia l Urban Issues INTRODUCTION The Atmospheric
More informationEFFECT OF METEOROLOGICAL CONDIATION ON NOx POLLUTION OF KOTA CITY, INDIA
ISSN: 0976-2876 (Print) ISSN: 20-0138 (Online) EFFECT OF METEOROLOGICAL CONDIATION ON NOx POLLUTION OF KOTA CITY, INDIA NEHA RAJ SAINI a AND BHARATIY SHARMA b1 a Research scholar, Career Point University
More informationSaltsjöbaden 6, Göteborg, Sweden, March Clean Air in Cities Working Group report
Saltsjöbaden 6, Göteborg, Sweden, 19-21 March 2018 Clean Air in Cities Working Group report Working Group coordinators: Laurence Rouil Roald Wolters Introduction Despite improvements over the last decade,
More informationInnovated Model REPAS for Calculation of CO 2 Emission from Passenger Cars in Developing Ccountries
EnviroInfo 2007 (Warschau) Environmental Informatics and Systems Research Innovated Model REPAS for Calculation of CO 2 Emission from Passenger Cars in Developing Ccountries Radoje Vujadinovi 1, Danilo
More informationModelling of air pollutants released from highway traffic in Hungary
Air Pollution XVI 77 Modelling of air pollutants released from highway traffic in Hungary Gy. Baranka Hungarian Meteorological Service, Hungary Abstract The aim of study is to determine the CO and NO 2
More informationTraffic-flow & Air Quality Experiment
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Jan 15, 2019 Traffic-flow & Air Quality Experiment Nielsen, Christian Gaarde; Borysov, Stanislav; Gaml, Mads; Hjøllund, Tina; Krishnamoorthy, Vignesh Publication date:
More informationINDOOR AND OUTDOOR PARTICLE MEASUREMENTS IN A STREET CANYON IN COPENHAGEN
INDOOR AND OUTDOOR PARTICLE MEASUREMENTS IN A STREET CANYON IN COPENHAGEN P Wåhlin 1 *, F Palmgren 1, A Afshari 2, L Gunnarsen 2, OJ Nielsen 3, M Bilde 3 and J Kildesø 4 1 Dept. of Atm. Env., National
More informationLINKE TURBIDITY FACTOR FOR BRAŞOV URBAN AREA
LINKE TURBIDITY FACTOR FOR BRAŞOV URBAN AREA Elena EFTIMIE Abstract: Atmospheric turbidity is an important parameter for assessing the air pollution in local areas, as well as being the main parameter
More informationEXAMINATION OF TRAFFIC POLLUTION DISTRIBUTION IN A STREET CANYON USING THE NANTES 99 EXPERIMENTAL DATA AND COMPARISON WITH MODEL RESULTS
EXAMINATION OF TRAFFIC POLLUTION DISTRIBUTION IN A STREET CANYON USING THE NANTES 99 EXPERIMENTAL DATA AND COMPARISON WITH MODEL RESULTS R. BERKOWICZ 1, M. KETZEL 1, G. VACHON 2, P. LOUKA 2, J.-M. ROSANT
More informationCharacteristics of the particulate matter in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia
Environmental Health Risk VII 131 Characteristics of the particulate matter in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia A. S. Modaihsh and M. O. Mahjoub Soil Science Department, College of Food Sciences and Agriculture,
More informationEVALUATION OF RESUSPENSION OF ROAD DUST IN A CEMENT INDUSTIAL COMPLEX AREA
International Journal of GEOMATE, May, 2017, Vol.12 Issue 33, pp.96-103 Geotec., Const. Mat. & Env., ISSN:2186-2990, Japan, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21660/2017.33.2628 EVALUATION OF RESUSPENSION OF ROAD
More informationInternational Journal of Applied Science and Technology Vol. 2 No. 3; March 2012
nternational Journal of Applied Science and Technology ol. No. 3; March Performance Assessment of Polycrystalline Silicon Pv Modules in Low Latitude Regions as A Function of Temperature Abstract P.E. Ugwuoke,
More informationICE ACCRETION AT ACQUA SPRUZZA AND ITS EFFECTS ON WIND TURBINE OPERATION AND LOSS OF ENERGY PRODUCTION
BOREAS IV 31 March - 2 April 1998, Hetta, Finland 77 ICE ACCRETION AT ACQUA SPRUZZA AND ITS EFFECTS ON WIND TURBINE OPERATION AND LOSS OF ENERGY PRODUCTION G. Botta (1), M. Cavaliere (1), H. Holttinen
More informationUTICAJ RECIRKULACIJE NA KARAKTERISTIKE SAGOREVANJA BIOMASE
UTICAJ RECIRKULACIJE NA KARAKTERISTIKE SAGOREVANJA BIOMASE A. M. Eric a, D. M. Djurovic a, S. Dj. Nemoda a, D. V. Dakic b, B. S. Repic a a Univerzitet u Beogradu, Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Laboratorija
More informationAmbient Air Quality Monitoring
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Ambient Air Quality Division Air Quality and Noise Management Bureau Pollution Control Department 7/31/2012 2:09 PM 1 Carbon Monoxide (CO) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 ) Ozone
More informationResearch Journal of Recent Sciences ISSN Vol. 2(4), 36-45, April (2013)
Research Journal of Recent Sciences ISSN 2277-2502 Estimation of Air Pollution in Urban Streets by Modeling of PM 10, O 3 and CO Pollutants according to Regression Method (Case study-yadegar and Azadi
More informationTable TSD-A.1 Source categories included under Section 202 Section 202 Source IPCC Sector IPCC Source Category Greenhouse Gases
Technical Support Document Section 202 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Roadmap to Annex This Annex describes greenhouse gas emissions information from Section 202 source categories. The Annex provides an overview
More informationModelling Airport Air Quality
Modelling Airport Air Quality David Carruthers Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants Safeguarding Airport Air Quality Manchester 12 April 27 Outline of talk Key factors affecting air quality at
More informationInternational Indexes of Consumer Prices,
International Indexes of Consumer Prices, July International Labor Comparisons Table of Contents Highlights... 1 Monthly Charts.. Monthly Tables... Annual Charts..... 5 Annual Tables.. 7 Technical Notes..
More informationModelling dispersion of pollutants from the atmosphere from thermal Rovinari
Modelling dispersion of pollutants from the atmosphere from thermal Rovinari TĂTAR ADINA 1, PĂSCULESCU MIHAI FLORIN 2, PĂSCULESCU DRAGOŞ 3, ROMANESCU ANDREI 4 The Department of Electric and Energetic Systems
More informationPrediction of air pollution in Changchun based on OSR method
ISSN 1 746-7233, England, UK World Journal of Modelling and Simulation Vol. 13 (2017) No. 1, pp. 12-18 Prediction of air pollution in Changchun based on OSR method Shuai Fu 1, Yong Jiang 2, Shiqi Xu 3,
More informationTHE SIMULATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER GENERATION AND WIND POWER GENERATION ON THE HYDRID ELECTRICITY SUPPLY SYSTEM OF A BUILDING
THE SIMULATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER GENERATION AND WIND POWER GENERATION ON THE HYDRID ELECTRICITY SUPPLY SYSTEM OF A BUILDING Masafumi Terawaki and Isamu Suzuki Sanki Engineering Co.,Ltd. 1742-7,Simoturuma,Yamato-City,Kanagawa,242-1,Japan
More informationResults from Yellowstone National Park Winter Air Quality Study J. D. Ray NPS Air Resources Division
Results from Yellowstone National Park Winter Air Quality Study 23-24 J. D. Ray NPS Air Resources Division Summary results Air pollutant concentrations for carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM
More informationDistrict heating topics
District heating topics This project has received funding from the European Union s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no ENER/FP7/609127/READY
More informationStrategic noise mapping of Adelaide CBD
Strategic noise mapping of Adelaide CBD Valeri V. Lenchine 1, Jonathan Song 1 1 Science, Assessment & Planning Division, SA Environment Protection Authority, Adelaide, Australia ABSTRACT The Adelaide Central
More information