MFA Case Studies for Industries

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1 MFA Case Studies for Industries Paul H. Brunner Vienna University of Technology Institute for Water Quality, Resources and Waste Management t i t P.H. Brunner 1/25

2 MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry 0, ,8 primary production 2 consumpt d ti waste production 6 0,3 2,7 magmnt pedo-/ lithosphere 140* 4 1,5 other disposal geogenic iron reserve anthropogenic iron stock P.H. Brunner 2/25

3 MFA for strategic resources management: P and N [kg phosphorous/c.a] systems boundaries: national boundary/2000 food 4 agriculture 1 0,4 processing private household 3 0,6 0,4 agricultural losses and wastes food processing wastes sewage and MSW P.H. Brunner 3/25

4 Total nitrogen flow due to nutrition [kg nitrogen/c.a] systems boundaries: national boundary/2000 food 16 agriculture processing private household agricultural losses and wastes food processing wastes sewage and MSW P.H. Brunner 4/25

5 Setting priorities for resource management by MFA respiration transpiration mass [kg/c.a] phosphorus [g/c.a] food human body 430 kitchen feces urine garbage sewage sewering system to STP to MSW treatment P.H. Brunner 5/25

6 MFA reveals: urine >> feces > rest respiration transpiration mass [kg/c.a] nitrogen [g/c.a] food 1700 human body 3700 kitchen feces urine garbage sewage sewering system to STP to MSW treatment P.H. Brunner 6/25

7 Opportunities for industries 1. New technologies based on MFA : No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients 2. Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system: sewer -> wwtp -> sludge incineration i -> ash extraction ti -> >P-reuse P.H. Brunner 7/25

8 MFA for greenhouse gas emission assessment P.H. Brunner 8/25

9 Sources of fossile carbon in waste P.H. Brunner 9/25

10 No additional measurements needed to determine fossil CO 2 P.H. Brunner 10/25

11 Results: 1 ton of CO 2 ~ CO 2 - Emissions Energy sources ssions s/year] CO 2 -Emi [kilo tons ,9 ±3,9 72,7 ±3,1 52.9% 47.1% Fossil fuels (plastics) 52.7±2.0% Auxiliary fuels (fuel oil, natural gas) 0,8% Biomass (Paper,..) 46.5±2.0% biogenici fossil Johann Fellner P.H. Brunner 11/25

12 MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance P.H. Brunner 12/25

13 The problem: too much Copper in gravel from railroad Cu-c content [mg/kg] Quality criteria: landfill ordinance recycling geogenic Cu time [t] P.H. Brunner 13/25

14 The method: MFA of Cu in track ballast P.H. Brunner 14/25

15 Result: brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources 1.8 kg/y +1.9 kg/y P.H. Brunner 15/25

16 Solution: new material for brake pads, contact line (?), and low Cu gravel Cu-c content [mg/kg] Quality criteria: landfill ordinance recycling geogenic Cu time [t] P.H. Brunner 16/25

17 Solution: new material for brake pads, contact line (?), and low Cu gravel Cu-c content [mg/kg] Quality criteria: landfill ordinance recycling geogenic Cu time [t] P.H. Brunner 17/25

18 Case study: MFA of regional lead flows and stocks lead [t/y] flow 340 stock ~ export 280 surface water 0.6 consumer goods 7 used cars household 1.6 atmos- phere forest soil agricult. soil urban area river 0.14 WWTP 0.9 sewer landfill ~ industry surface water 2 filter residue and construction iron >270 >330 regional boundary MSW 5.6 P.H. Brunner 18/25

19 Case study: MFA of regional lead flows and stocks landfill landfill ~ flue gas car manufacturer 60 car shredder ~0 iron smelter iron product ~3 270 filter dust P.H. Brunner 19/25

20 MFA for env. protection and resource management lead [t/y] flow 340 stock ~ export 280 surface water 0.6 consumer goods 7 used cars household 1.6 atmos- phere forest soil agricult. soil urban area river 0.14 WWTP 0.9 sewer landfill ~ industry surface water 2 filter residue and construction iron >270 >330 regional boundary MSW 5.6 P.H. Brunner 20/25

21 Thank you P.H. Brunner 21/25

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