Bioethanol at Nordzucker

Transcription

1 Bioethanol at Nordzucker Dr. Albrecht Schaper, Managing Director fuel21 Warsaw, June 17th, 2008 Dateiname: Warschau June 17, 2008.ppt Verantwortlicher: Dr. A. Schaper Ersteller: Dr. A. Schaper Stand: Animation: ja Sprache: english

2 Bioethanol in the EU Bioethanol in the EU Raw Materials Sustainability Bioethanol Production Vinasse Summary

3 European Political Framework (I) EU Directive 2003/30/EC from May 2003 Objective: 5,75 % cal. Biofuels by 2010, but voluntary Result was 27 different schemes for the implementation of the directive Mandatory Blending Quota Production quota Implementation of E85 at petrol stations Tax incentives Combinations of Tax incentives and quotas No implementation No Common System and Market

4 European Political Framework (II) Fuel Quality Directive from January 2007 Objectives: allow higher blends of biofuel, reduce emissions from the fuel production chain (10% by 2020, article 7a). Renewable Energy Sources (RES Directive) from January, 23rd, 2008 Objectives: by 2020 overall binding 20% renewable energy target, binding minimum 10% cal. renewable energy for transport

5 Biofuels in the EU 25 Development 2003 to ,0% 5,0% 4,0% 3,0% 2,0% 1,0% Austria Belgium Cyprus Czech Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Poland Portugal Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden United e 0,0% Source: Member States Progress Reports in the frame of Directive 2003/30EC 2010 Targets of EU Commission 2005

6 Production of Bioethanol for fuel In 2006 USA have overhauling Brazil as biggest Bioethanol Producer European Production represents only 4% on combined capacity Brazil/ USA Mio. cbm source: LAB, ebio, F.O. Licht 5 0 Brasil USA EU 1,77

7 Raw Materials Bioethanol in the EU Raw Materials Sustainability Bioethanol Production Vinasse Summary

8 Raw Materials for Bioethanol Sugar based Sugar beet Cane Starch based Corn Wheat Barley Rye Potato Rice Tapioca Cellulose based Straw Wood Mischathus Bran Bagasse Sugar Beet pulp 2. Generation

9 Sugar Beets have the same potential as cane sugar Bioethanol from Wheat Bioethanol from Sugar Beet Bioethanol from Cane BtL Source: FNR, Biokraftstoffe eine vergleichende Analyse, 2006 Liters/ha

10 Sugar beets delivers same energy per hectare as BtL Bioethanol from Wheat 54 Bioethanol from sugar beets 132 Bioethanol from cane 137 BtL Source: FNR, Biokraftstoffe eine vergleichende Analyse, 2006 GJ/ha

11 Usage of Sugar Beet Food: - Sugar Feed: - Pulp - Pellets - Molasses Energy: - Bioethanol - Biogas Feed: - Pulp - Pellets - Vinasse

12 Sustainability Bioethanol in the EU Raw Materials Sustainability Bioethanol Production Vinasse Summary

13 The RES Directive proposal on sustainability Beginning of 2008 the European Commission proposed in its Renewable Energy Directive sustainability criteria on: Greenhouse gas saving threshold (35%), Land use / Carbon stock release, Respecting biodiversity, Environmental requirements for agriculture. These criteria apply on biofuel and bio-liquids. Criteria on biomass to be proposed in It is a EU scheme: Member States cannot add-on criteria But this is not applicable for biofuels from non EU Member States

14 Greenhouse gas impact Sustainability criterion: Minimum requirement for GHG saving, relative to fossil fuel, of at least 35%. Furthermore relevant: Waiver until April 2013 for current plants (Art. 15.2). Rules for calculation of GHG saving. Biofuels producers can choose to: Use default values for production pathways (Annex VII.A), Show actual values with better results (Annex VII.C). GHG Emission savings (RES Directive, Annex VII.A) typical value default value Sugar beet 48 % 35 % Wheat % 0-67 % Corn 56 % 49 % Cane sugar 74 % 74 %

15 Land use impact Sustainability criterion: release of carbon stock (art Annex VII.C.7 and 8). Land use change is counted in the greenhouse gas calculation. No conversion of wetland or continuously forested area. Specific incentive for crops from idle lands and desert. Effects on indirect land use changes are not (yet) incorporated.

16 Biodiversity and good agricultural practice Biodiversity (art. 15.3): no raw material from: Forest undisturbed by significant human activity, Highly biodiverse grassland, Nature protection areas (unless compatible with nature protection). Good agricultural and environmental condition (art. 15.5): All biofuel production must comply with the cross compliance rules already applied under the CAP (only for EU produced biofuels) But this is not applicable for biofuels from non EU Member States

17 Bioethanol Production Bioethanol in the EU Raw Materials Sustainability Bioethanol Production Vinasse Summary

18 Fuel21/Nordzucker Contracts for ethanol beets farmers have a binding contract for ethanol beets Contract time 4 years Contracted beets and over-quota beets counts for T Beet price is fluctuating with the ethanol price (sharing of chances and risks) e.g. 18 EUR/T at 550 EUR/cbm Ethanol, or 20 EUR/T at 600 EUR/cbm Ethanol (basis prices for beets at 16% sugar content) Additional payments for high sugar content, early/late delivery, quality, by-product revenue, etc. (comparable with quota beets payments at Nordzucker) Delivery of contracted ethanol beets is mandatory, if not, penalty is applied

19 Connections between sugar and Bioethanol production Sugar Beet Pulp Sugar Sugar Plant Extraction Raw Juice Evaporation Thick Juice Crystallization Molasses Thick Juice Raw Juice Bioethanol Production

20 Mass Balance concept for m³ Bioethanol at Klein Wanzleben Beet White Sugar Quota Sugar Beets t/a EtOH-Beet t/a Raw Juice (WZL) Thick Juice Thick Juice (WZL) (other plants) t/a t/a Sugar from Raw Juice t/a Sugar fromthick Juice t/a Total Sugar Number of Employees: Initial Target 50 Staff member 35 Staff member Bioethanol m³/a

21 Interfaces Nordzucker AG fuel 21 Sugar Beets Raw Juice Sugarrefinery Steam Electricity to Grid Pulp Vinasse Thick Juice Power Waste Water Vinasse Bioethanolanlage Ethanol Byproducts (Head at Tails) Nordzucker AG fuel 21

22 Production of Bioethanol Sugar Plant Raw Juice Thick Juice Molasses Bioethanol production Fermentation Utilities Distillation/ Rectification Vinasse Evaporation Vinasse Storage Power & Steam Dehydration Storage Sales and shipment

23 Building of Boiler house Conversion of Steam boiler from Sugar Plant Munzel 55 t Steam at 60 bar Steam temperature 500 ºC Combustible: Natural Gas (light fuel oil) Installation of a Gas turbine with 5,5 MW electric Capacity

24 fuel21 Storage of Thick juice 2 Storage Tanks in Klein Wanzleben 1 Storage Tank in Nordstemmen Each Tank contains cbm

25 ful21 Fermentation Operations can be changed between batch or continuous Fermentation 3 preparation tanks 6 production tanks 1 Distillation feed tank

26 fuel21 Distillation, Rectification, Dehydrogenation Distillation with two Double effects Column One Pressure Column, one Vacuum Column Separate column for aldehyds Dehydration by adsorption on molecular sieves

27 Distillation and Fermentation

28 fuel21 evaporation of vinasse 6 effect evaporation Capacity up to 140 t/h with Thin Juice Capacity with Thick Juice 45 t/h

29 Storage 2 Storage tanks for Daily production 2 Storage tanks for Final products 3 Storage tanks for Byproducts (Aldehyds, Vinasse)

30 Vinasse Bioethanol in the EU Raw Materials Sustainability Bioethanol Production Vinasse Summary

31 Definition Vinasse Vinasse, from Latin vinacaeus and stand for Wine yeast From Beginning to the 20th Century Vinasse became the common ex wording for concentrated, fermented Sugar beet molasses in Europe (LEWICKI 2002) According to the German Animal feed law since 1975 Vinasse is allowed for Ruminant animal feed Vinasse as Byproduct is under the Nr in the Positivlist registered International Vinasse is called Condensed Molasses Solubles (CMS)

32 Origin of Vinasse Vinasses concentrated residues of fermentation processes, dry substance 50-70% Fermentations industry can be (Yeast-, Alcohol-, Amino acid-, Citric acid-, Glutamate, Lysine and other) After Fermentation of molasses the final sugar free solution contains yeast, salt, Amino acids, etc After Concentration of this Solution it is called Vinasse

33 Application as Feed Cattle and Sheep Feed for Cattle and Sheep feed is Crude protein interesting Mixed Cattle feed 3-5% can be used Pig Feed Pigs are sensitive to high ash content, specially to Potassium and are to Sulfate Crude protein shows low digestibility in Pig feed only 2-3% can be used Limiting factor to Application is Potassium content (max. 6%) Feed preparation Feed preparation can contain 4-8% Vinasse, depending on the Dry substance. Used like Molasses to improve moldability

34 Application as fertilizer Application as Fertilizer Application as Nitrogen-Potassium fertilizer trough Appendage Use according Fertilizer regulation feasible French Ethanol producer use from Vinasse as Fertilizer

35 Summary Bioethanol in the EU Raw Materials Sustainability Bioethanol Production Vinasse Summary

36 Sugar beets are best placed for Bioethanol production Easy to handle and to convert Highest Bioethanol yields per hectare Integration in Sugar Plants saves investments and production costs Sustainable agricultural production of sugar beets in the EU Bioethanol from Sugar beets is now available and not in a few years

37 Bioethanol from Sugar beets Secures the agriculture in Europe Saves income and jobs in rural areas Gives a positive effect on GHG Emissions Ensures the crop rotation in agricultural practice Keeps the food supply chain stable Reduces the needs of energy imports (also from Biofuels)

38 Thank You for Your Attention