Application of Space Technology to Water Resources Management & Dragon Project. Li Jiren. Digital Basin Research Centre Institute of Digital china

Transcription

1 Application of Space Technology to Water Resources Management & Dragon Project Li Jiren Digital Basin Research Centre Institute of Digital china

2 1. Application of space technology to water resources management 2. Dragon Project

3 Space technology can play important role to water resources management

4 (1) Water resources investigation

5 Dynamic variation of water body in Qinghai MSS TM 中巴

6 Water depth measurement 1) Within 15m 2) Lower suspended sediment concentration Absolute error is less than 1m.

7

8

9

10

11

12

13 (2) Drought monitoring, warning and forecasting

14 Operational system in Helongjiang Province, North-east China Method used: Spatial model of characteristics on vegetal index and surface temperature Empirical model of thermal inertia method with vegetal index and temperature difference

15 1) Spatial model of characteristics on vegetal index and surface temperature

16 Space characteristic parameter 温度 60 T 30 T D = b 1 + b 2 * NDVI RSM D = a 1 + a 2 * σ RSM Arid T W NDVI RSM W Wet 植被指数

17 Calibration Calculation Ground obs.

18 RSM W RSM = LST LST W RSM W RSM D LST D LST W RSM = RSM W LST LST D LST W LST W [ RSM RSM ] W D

19

20 Error Analysis Observed value 安达巴彦宝清方正富锦富裕哈尔滨海伦虎林集贤. RMSE

21 2) Empirical model of thermal inertia method with vegetal index and temperature difference Data S = f Δ, w ( T NDVI ) Model for each month

22 ω = ω = a * Δ T + ω = a + b ΔT + ω = ω ω = = a * e Model selection ( b ( ΔT + c* NDVI )) NDVI k NDVI k a + b * ΔT + c * b ( ΔT c NDVI) a + b * ln + * a + b* NDVI+ c* NDVI+ d ( ΔT ) ω = NDVI a + b * NDVI ( ΔT ) ( ΔT ) a+ b* ω = NDVI+ d

23 Models for drought forecasting Xinanjiang model Dry season without significant precipitation Leading time is ten days Artificial neural network model Real-time correction once five days

24 Yes Model for Evapotranspiration WU >EM k E pan EU 0 ED EL WU-EU WU Yes No WU EU 0 WU (k E pan -EU) WL/WLM EL WL-EL WL 0 ED WL >C WLM WL >C (k E pan -EU) 是 No C (k E pan -EU) EL WL-EL WL 0 ED No WL EL 0 WL C (k E pan -EU)-EL ED WD-ED WD WL-EL WL 0 ED EU+EL+ED E WU+WL+WD W

25 Calibration of model

26 Validation and error analysis Station 克山 Date Cal. Obs. Relative Error Qualified 4 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月

27

28 With these information, and also the distribution of crops and water demand during corresponding growth period, decision for drought relief can be made, namely, from where and when to divert how much water to mitigate drought situation.

29 (3)Dynamic monitoring of ecology and estimation of water demand for ecology

30 Image of the Talimo Basin

31

32

33 Water diversion to downstream of the Talimo River

34 It was a serious problem that water demand for ecology had not been considered in water resources distribution.

35 下游 363km 河道

36

37

38

39

40 NDVI 2000 年 2001 年 2002 年 2003 年 2004 年 2005 年 2006 年 离河距离 250m 500m 750m 1000m 1250m 1500m 1750m 2000m

41 NDVI 2000 年 ETM-NDVI 2002 年 ETM-NDVI 2004 年 ASTER-NDVI 2006 年 ASTER-NDVI 离河距离 m 750m 1000m 1250m 1500m 1750m 2000m

42

43 (4)Irrigation area investigation and development planning

44 In order to contend water, irrigation area is blindly developed in some places. It results in water shortage in downstream basin. In order to realize comprehensive management of water resources for the whole basin, irrigation area is an important and basic information.

45 Irrigation planning can be done on the basis of GIS-based database including water body, precipitation, soil, groundwater table, temperature, topography, runoff, water quality of groundwater. After weighting different factor separately, the place suitable for developing irrigation can be optimally selected.

46

47 (5)Monitoring of salinisation

48

49 Map of classification of in 2001

50 The spectrum curve in Ku-Xin-Sha and Yu-tian County

51 (6) Water environment monitoring

52

53 Blue alga Monitoring for the Taihu Lake

54 September 7, 8, 9 10 in 2007

55 Remote sensing is very effective for monitoring blue and green alga due to eutrophication in lakes and reservoirs and red tide along the coastal area.

56 (7) Planning, construction and management of water project

57

58

59 Remote sensing is the major source of data and information to GIS-based database, the spatial analysis and on-line virtual reality technology can play their important role on this basis.

60 (8)Determination of parameters for hydrological model

61 Xinanjiang Rainfall-runoff Watershed Model Input W 0 P EM B WM IMP Output Pervious Imperv. A RIM UH QRS W t ET RS EU WUM W W u S SM EX KSS RSS UH QRSS Q EL ED WLM WDM W l W d KG RG UH QRG

62 Model Parameters

63 Among 16 parameters in total, 7 parameters (WM, SM, B, CS, IMP, KS, EX ) can be determined directly or Indirectly by remote sensing and GIS.

64 Hydrological Modeling Model Validation in 2004

65 Hydrological Modeling Model Validation in 2005

66 (9) Real-time monitoring and management system of water resources

67 System consists of four sub-systems, data acquisition, data transmission, data processing decision-making support system ( DSS ).

68 The function of the system inquiry Statistics Prediction and warning WebGIS Planning Consultation Virtual simulation and audio-visual and threedimensional display Synthetic regional analysis

69 Conclusion 1)Through long-term practice in China, it can be seen that remote sensing can play an important role to water resources management. 2)It is very helpful to apply remote sensing technology together with GIS, GPS and conventional measures. 3)High resolution and high spectrum are necessary for solving some issues, such as quantitative determination of chemical elements in water body by remote sensing.

70 Dragon project is a cooperative project between NRSCC and ESA, one of subjects is application of remote sensing and other space technology to hydrology and water resources

71 Seven topics 1. Water Resources Assessment and Management Based on Water Cycle in Upper Yangtze River: A Case Study of Hengjiang River basin

72 2. Impacts of Land Use/Cover on Hydrological Alteration in Karst Basin of the Upper Yangtze River, China 3. Hydrological Response Simulation of Land Cover Change in Plain River Networks areas: A case of Taihu Basin 4. ERS SAR and Data for Storm Surge Hazards Mapping and Risk Management

73 5. Internet-Based System for Regional Soil Moisture Monitoring and Prediction Using Remote Sensing, Land Surface Models and Data Assimilation-A Prototype System for Drought Monitoring and Prediction in Xinjiang, China 6. Remote Sensing for Wetlands Monitoring in China 7. Study on the monitoring and prediction of rainstorms and floods with the combined use of satellite remote sensing and nonlinear science

74 Thanks for Your Attention