Web Mapping Service of Natural Background Values of Groundwater in Germany
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1 Web Mapping Service of Natural Background Values of Groundwater Bernhard Wagner, LfU Bayern
2 Regional background values of groundwater legal requirements EU-Water Framework Directive: 2000/60/EG, 2006/118/EG: achievement of good chemical status of groundwater bodies Soil Protection Act (Germany): BBodSchG (1999) (federal), e.g. BayBodSchG (1999) (provincial) definition of allowed threshold values of pollutants in groundwater 2
3 Project goals and concept Working group "Background values of groundwater": launched by the Geological Surveys of Germany 2005 within the context of the EU-Water Framework Directive Goal: determine background values of groundwater and make them available in an interactive internet application Reference: upper aquifer Data basis: abt groundwater measuring points Parameters: anorganic major and trace elements physicochemical parameters 3
4 Parameters naturally occurring anorganic elements: Major elements: Trace elements: Ca, K, Mg, Na, HCO3, SO4, Cl Br, F, PO4, SIO2, Fe, Mn, Ba, Sr Ag, Al, As, B, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Li, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, T, Tl, U, V, Zn Physicochemical parameters: electrical conductivity, ph 4
5 Definition background value Background value: the upper margin of the concentration of an element to be expected in the groundwater of a hydrogeochemical unit under natural conditions The background value is defined as the 90th percentile of the normal distribution of the parameters. Challenge: Separation of the background population from geogenic or anthropogenic anomalies within the data sets (component separation) 5
6 Hydrogeochemical units: resulting from aggregation of hydrogeological units of the Hydrogeological Map of Germany 1: (HÜK200) abt hydrogeological units 186 hydrogeochemical units Hydrogeological Regions 6
7 Hydrogeochemical units: resulting from aggregation of hydrogeological units of the Hydrogeological Map of Germany 1: (HÜK200) 7
8 frequency of occurrence Project background values of groundwater Background values and anomalies in the histogram Anomaly Background concentration, 8 classified
9 From the histogram to the probability net histogram sum curve presentation in the probability net DIN
10 Measured concentration lower anomaly normal distribution upper anomaly Project background values of groundwater Identification and exclusion of anomalies ,5% 2,5% 10% 25% 50% 75% 90% 97,5% 99,5% 100 median value 10 MW threshold upper anomaly 15,00 1 threshold lower anomaly 1,45 0, Standard deviation from median value 10
11 Excel-application for data analysis Probability net statistical evaluation histogram steering buttons 11
12 Advantages of the probability net Quick analysis of data distribution (anomalies, normal-lognormal dist.) Optical examination of data set on heterogeneities Suitable method for determination of statistical distribution parameters for the background population Applicable to all data sets with at least 10 measured values, therefore also suitable for units with only few measurements In combination with GIS a quick examination of systematic distribution of anomalies possible (detection of patterns) 12
13 Measured concentrations Konzentration Project background values of groundwater Statistical information of the hydrogeochemical units Statistical measures: 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 75-, 90-, 95-percentiles Maximum 90%-percentile 90%-Quantil 75%-percentile 75%-Quantil 80 % 80% of values der Werte 50% % der of values Werte Median (entspricht (50%-percentile) 50%-Quantil) arithmetisches Mittel 25%-percentile 25%-Quantil 10%-percentile 10%-Quantil Minimum 13
14 Presentation of results WMS-application in the internet: access from any computer connected to the internet (integration e.g. in GIS or Google-Earth) Subdivision of the element concentration ranges in 5 classes: 90-perzentiles of hydrogeochemical units point data of measuring points (anonymously and no exact position due to data protection requirements) Grey areas: units with insufficient measuring points Service online since beginning of
15 Examples for different parameters: Sulfate observation points 15 IAH Krakow 2010
16 Examples for different parameters: Sulfate distribution 90-perzentile 16 IAH Krakow 2010
17 Examples for different parameters: Vanadium observation points 17 IAH Krakow 2010
18 Examples for different parameters: Vanadium distribution 90-perzentile 18 IAH Krakow 2010
19 Examples for different parameters: Calcium distribution 90-perzentile 19 IAH Krakow 2010
20 Examples for different parameters: Hydrogencarbonate distribution 90-perzentile 20 IAH Krakow 2010
21 Examples for different parameters: Chloride distribution 90-perzentile 21 IAH Krakow 2010
22 Examples for different parameters: Arsenic distribution 90-perzentile 22 IAH Krakow 2010
23 Using the WMS in ArcGIS: Example sulfate 23
24 Using the WMS in ArcGIS: Example sulfate 24
25 Using the WMS in ArcGIS: Example sulfate 25
26 Using the WMS in ArcGIS: Example sulfate 26
27 Using the WMS in ArcGIS: Example sulfate 27
28 Using the WMS in ArcGIS: Example sulfate 28
29 Using the WMS in ArcGIS: Example sulfate 29
30 Using the WMS in ArcGIS: Example sulfate 30
31 Example: combination of different WMS in ArcGIS 31
32 Example: combination of different WMS in ArcGIS 32
33 Example: combination of different WMS in ArcGIS 33
34 Example: combination of different WMS in ArcGIS 34
35 Example: combination of different WMS in ArcGIS 35
36 Example: combination of different WMS in ArcGIS 36
37 Example: combination of different WMS in ArcGIS 37
38 Presentation of results GeoViewer BGR 38
39 Presentation of results Soil Information System Bavaria 39
40 Benefits of the Web Map Service Direct and straightforward availability of data via the internet Basis for evaluation of the chemical status of groundwater bodies Evaluation of groundwater analyses based on the regional background values Easier identification of groundwater contaminations Local specific features of groundwater chemical properties can be identified through the point data 40
41 Outlook: ongoing works Following requirements of the EU-Water Framework Directive, many additional measurements of groundwater quality have been performed in the meantime Trace elements with larger gaps in the dataset are being reevaluated: As, B, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Tl, U, V, Zn Improvement of usability of the WMS Add maps of medians (50-percentiles) adding up to >120 layers New WMS with enlarged dataset and new functions shall be available at the end of the year 41
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