Wim van Helden. Independent consultant Compact Thermal Energy Storage Solar Thermal Technologies

Transcription

1 Wim van Helden Independent consultant Compact Thermal Energy Storage Solar Thermal Technologies

2 Solar thermal for concentrated solar power and industrial applications Wim van Helden AEE - Institute for Sustainable Technologies (AEE INTEC) A-8200 Gleisdorf, Feldgasse 19 AUSTRIA

3 Content 1. Concentrated Solar Power 2. Solar Thermal for Industrial Processes

4 CSP Concentrated Solar Power Electricity generation Concentrated sunlight (only direct radiation) High temperatures With thermal storage: dispatchability

5

6 Solar Thermal Power

7 ST Power Plants ST power plants: typically MW Heat transfer by molten salts or direct steam or air (tower) Andasol 1 plant (Spain)

8 ST Power Plants Solar 1 and 2 tower fields (USA)

9 ST Power Plants PS10 and PS20 central receiver power plants (Spain)

10 How Does It Work? POWER BLOCK MOLTEN SALT SYSTEM GENERATOR HP TURBINE IP/LP TURBINE STEAM TURBINE GENERATOR COLLECTOR FIELD RECEIVER CONDENSER HP Steam Reheat Steam Receiver Tower Hot Salt Superheater Reheater MOLTEN SALT LOOP Steam Gen./Evaporator 565 C Condensate Tank Cold Salt Feedwater Preheaters HELIOSTATS 288 C STEAM GENERATION SYSTEM THERMAL STORAGE SYSTEM Source: Bill Gould, SolarReserve

11 Forecast for CSP in Spain MW ? ? 850 F I F II F III F IV

12 ST for Process Heat Low to medium temperature range Large number of suited collector technologies Challenge is the process integration

13 Temperature levels in different industries 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% Above 400 C C Below 100 C 0% Mining and Quarrying Food and Tobacco Pulp & paper Chemical Non-Metallic Minerals Basic Metals Machinery Transport Equipment Others Data for 2003, 32 Countries: EU25 + Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey, Croatia, Iceland, Norway and Switzerland. Source: ECOHEATCOOL (IEE ALTENER Project), The European Heat Market, Work Package 1, Final Report published by Euroheat & Power

14 Temperature levels of processes

15 What is a process heat collector? below 100 C 100 C C above 250 C mid temperature collector or application low temperature collector or application high temperature collector or application reasonable collector output for mid and high temperature for industrial application output exceeds 300 W/m 2 gross collector area (1000 W/m² hemispherical irradiance, 15 % diffuse fraction and 20 C ambient temperature at an operating temperature of > 100 C (mid temp) and > 250 C ( high temp)

16 Overview collectors SPF

17 Flat plate collectors C

18 Combination flat plate collectors and heat loss reduction Results (for 500 W/m2 and ΔT = 60 K) Δη appr. 70% compared with good flat plate collector Δη appr. 30% compared with double glazed advanced flat plate collector

19 Vacuum tubes collectors C C

20 Vacuum Flat plate collectors C C

21 Parabolic trough collectors C

22 Parabolic trough collectors C

23 Fresnel collectors C

24 Collector Kollektorwirkungsgrad efficiency [-] Selection of collector type 1,0 0,9 0,8 Warmwasser Hot water und and space Raumheizungsheating unterstützung Prozesswärme Process heat Niedertemperatur low temperature <100 C Process heat Prozesswärme medium temperature Mitteltemperatur 100 C C 0,7 Standard-Flachkollektor 0,6 Hochleistungs-Flachkollektor CPC - Vakuumröhrenkollektor 0,5 Parabolrinnenkollektor 0,4 0,3 0,2 0,1 0, Working temperature C mittlere Arbeitstemperatur T m,abs = (Tabs,ein + Tabs,aus)/2 in C

25 Range of energy costs (USD/MWHth)

26 Integration on supply level hot water Feed-in solar energy in heating circuit High set temperature Simple system integration Small number of system layouts

27 Integration on process level Solar energy is directly used for the process Different system layouts possible Often complex system integration

28 Case studies Göss (1) brewery FP7 project SolarBrew AEE INTEC, Sunmark, GEA integration in mashing (50 75 C) System In operation since ,375 m² flate plate collectors Source of pictures: AEE INTEC

29 Case studies Göss (2)

30 Brewery Göss SolarBrew Solar heat integration brews/week - min. 400 hl/brew - ca min/brew - Retrofitting dimple plates

31 Roadmap vision of solar process heat for low temp industrial heat (EJ/yr) By 2050, the IEA ETP DS scenario estimates the potential for solar heat in industrial applications to contribute up to PJ per year (7.2 EJ/yr), on the basis of an installed capacity of over 3200 GW th, in industrial lowtemperature applications up to 120⁰C In comparison: Total installed capacity worldwide in 2011 was 245 GWth

32 Conclusions CSP Maturing technology Cost level is very important High initial investments Dependent on political decisions ST for industrial processes Collector technology mature Challenge is the process integration Huge market potential Dependent on industry decisions