Industrial perspectives in Solar. 27 th of November 2012 Christian Stadler

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1 Industrial perspectives in Solar 27 th of November 2012 Christian Stadler

2 Agenda Heat demand vs. Electricity demand in EU ITW analysis clears up differentiation of Solar Thermal vs. PV Current available solar thermal solutions Development of solar thermal markets in EU Drivers of solar thermal market EcoDesign & EcoLabelling Conclusion.

3 The heating sector is underestimated Other is - Electricity (~20%) and - Transport (~31%) Source: RHC platform common vision published in 2010

4 Institut für Thermodynamik und Wärmetechnik Forschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen (TZS) Forschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen Comparison of photovoltaic and solar thermal heat production for use in single family houses Dr. Harald Drück, Karola Sommer Institut für Thermodynamik und Wärmetechnik (ITW) Forschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen (TZS) Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 6, Stuttgart Internet: 4 Harald Drück, Karola Sommer BSW, Berlin, 21. November \PV_Waerme03HD1.pptx in Kooperation mit

5 Institut für Thermodynamik und Wärmetechnik Forschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen (TZS) Forschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen Result solar domestic hot water systems Highest primary energetic efficiency: ST with gas heater Shortest financial amortisation time: ST with gas heater Shortest energetic amortisation time: ST with gas heater valid both with or without PV feed-in tariff Solar thermal advantage is the higher efficiency per m² of collectors Disadvantage of heat-pump: Low seasonal COP for hot water preparation and low fraction of direct PV-electricity for heat-pump Disadvantage of direct electric hot water preparation by PV: results in higher fuel costs and lower PV income because there is less PV-electricity left to feed-in. 5 Harald Drück, Karola Sommer BSW, Berlin, 21. November 2012 in Kooperation mit

6 Institut für Thermodynamik und Wärmetechnik Forschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen (TZS) Forschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen Result solar combi systems (heating & hot water) Highest PE efficiency - w/o feed-in-tariff: ST + HP - with feed-in-tariff : PV + HP Lowest financial amortisation (w/o and w. FIT): ST & gas-condensing Lowest energetic amort. - w/o feed-in-tariff : ST & HP - with feed-in-tariff: ST & HP and PV & HP valid both for new built and retrofit installations ST & HP is energetic efficient, but expensive PV & HP has a low primary energy consumption because of the feed-in of the surplus PV yield (direct solar feed into heat-pump is low) PV & E-heater is PE-inefficient and gives no financial or energetic amortisation. 6 Harald Drück, Karola Sommer BSW, Berlin, 21. November 2012 in Kooperation mit

7 Analysis shows again a focus on solar thermal for heat production and PV for electricity Hot water: Solar thermal is clear favourite when compared with PV Heating: Solar thermal in front except there is a PV feed-in-tariff Result: Use solar thermal (or other RE) for renewable heat generation and Use PV (or wind ) for renewable electricity generation.

8 THE CURRENT AVAILABLE ST-SOLUTIONS COVER ALL THINKABLE APPLICATIONS

9 Pictures speak louder than Single family homes words

10 Offices

11 Multi family housing

12 Hotels

13 Industrial buildings

14 Commercial buildings

15 District heating: 12.6 MWth

16 Solar thermal can be part of every heat generation In the past 3 decades industry has developed solutions for all segments But solar thermal doesn t get a momentum from single family houses to other applications (hotels, process heat, ) except of Denmark (district-heating) Solar heating is just common in the German-speaking countries Some world markets even having two-digit growth (China, India, Brazil, ).

17 DEVELOPMENT OF SOLAR THERMAL MARKETS IN EU

18 The ST sales is struggling in many EU markets

19 Most bigger EU-markets (>140MW th ) are decreasing and emerging markets (>50MW th ) slowing down Most markets experiencing decreasing sales, except Poland where subsidies are on a noticeable level Southern European countries hit strongly by crisis and political situation (cuts on subsidies and insecurity) Italy and Spain particularly worrying, uncertainties regarding support mechanisms Emerging markets slowing down, apart from Denmark (still strong on district heating with big projects) Portugal and Czech Republic are examples of negative effects of stop and go incentives policy UK further delays the implementation of Renewable Heat incentives for residential installations.

20 DRIVERS OF SOLAR THERMAL MARKETS

21 What drives the solar thermal markets?

22 GET YOUR ENERGY FOR FREE Once installed, the energy you get from a solar solution is for free. With a Solar electricity solution you can even earn money. THE BEST GREEN ENERGY IS YELLOW LIKE THE SUN BE CO 2 -NEUTRAL Contribute to a sustainable future. The sun is our only source of renewable energy. A Solar heating system for a family with an average water consumption will save app. 1 ton CO 2 every year. With solar energy you help reduce global warming and air pollution. GAIN ENERGY INDEPENDENCE The prices on fossil fuels will increase. We just don t know how much. All is dependent on the OPEC countries. With a solar solution you both will save money and become energy independent.

23 EU policy and beyond...? Greenhouse gas levels Energy consumption Renewables in Energy mix

24 ENERGY LABELLING: INCENTIVE OR CHALLENGE FOR PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT?

25 End consumers are used to get guidance except in heating business

26 That well known labelling will be enlarged to a number of new product groups

27 Some special labels for heating business are created: e.g. the one for combi systems Combination label of e.g. gas boiler with solar (and some other possible devices) Two (different) classes for space heating and hot water preparation.

28 EcoDesign & Eco Labelling has to compare apples and oranges A boiler or heat-pump has a measurable efficiency how it is using primary energy A solar system is just collecting free energy A solar thermal system has COP s of ! So systems are not directly comparable It first time enables installers and end consumers to see the solar input with an easy rating.

29 CONCLUSION

30 Great opportunities but also some learning's Current systems are highly developed and fitting to all applications Don t mix technologies (ST for heat, PV for electricity) Markets will not get green on their own Consumers need clear governmental advice Commercial investors are judging on short-term payback.

31 Thank you for your attention! Turn the blue tap for cold water Turn the red tap for great savings

32 Thank you for your attention.