Team 16: The Nuclear Family EN-FISSIONING A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
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1 Team 16: The Nuclear Family EN-FISSIONING A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
2 Outline 2 Systems Designs Power Cycle Economics Conclusion Questions eaturestory=da_553053
3 PROJECT OVERVIEW 3
4 Team Members 4 Thane Symens Mechanical Joel Smith Mechanical Meredy Brichford Chemical Christina Headley Chemical
5 Objective 5 Design Nuclear fission reactor Thorium fuel cycle Economic Analysis Customers: Electric power companies Problems to address 1. Environmental implications 2. Cost 3. Human health and safety 4. Efficiency 5. Availability
6 Design Approach 6
7 REACTOR DESIGN 7
8 Nuclear Fission 8
9 Nuclear s 9
10 Thorium Cycle 10 Fission Th-232 Neutron Capture U-233 Th-233 β-decay Pa-233 β-decay
11 Nuclear 11 s Control rods Coolant Containment
12 Type Selection 12 Molten Salt Breeder (MSBR) Fluid fuel Molten salt coolant Salt plug Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) test reactor
13 Design 13 Materials Core Control Rods Circulation Pump Safety systems Salt circulation pump Heat Exchanger Reflector Moderator Elements Fission Reactions Reflector Heat Exchanger Salt Plug
14 14 FUEL REPROCESSING DESIGN
15 15 Objective Remove feed poisons and fission products from fuel Why Reprocess? Maintain reactor performance Decrease stock pile of fuel Continuous operation
16 Fluorination 16 Main Components Uranium Thorium Waste Products Fluorinator Chemistry 2UF 4 + F 2 2UF 5 2UF 5 + F 2 2UF 6
17 Fluorination 17 Main Components Uranium Thorium Waste Products Fluorinator Chemistry 2UF 4 + F 2 2UF 5 2UF 5 + F 2 2UF 6
18 Fluorination 18 Main Components Uranium Thorium Waste Products Fluorinator Chemistry 2UF 4 + F 2 2UF 5 2UF 5 + F 2 2UF 6
19 Extraction 19 Main Components Uranium Thorium Waste Products Bismuth Extractor Chemistry UF4(salt)+4Li(Bi) 4 LiF(salt) + U(Bi) PaF4(salt)+4Li(Bi) 4 LiF(salt) +Pa(Bi)
20 Extraction 20 Main Components Uranium Thorium Waste Products Bismuth Extractor Chemistry UF4(salt)+4Li(Bi) 4 LiF(salt) + U(Bi) PaF4(salt)+4Li(Bi) 4 LiF(salt) +Pa(Bi)
21 Waste Product Removal 21 Main Components Thorium Waste Products Bismuth Back to Waste Products Rare earths Alkaline earths Alkali metals
22 Waste Product Removal 22 Main Components Thorium Waste Products Bismuth Back to Waste Products Rare earths Alkaline earths Alkali metals
23 Conclusion 23 Remove Uranium Waste Products Add to salt Uranium Return salt to reactor
24 POWER CYCLE DESIGN 24
25 Thermal System 25
26 Turbine
27 Compressor 27 minkaaire/model.asp?prodno=f300-bn
28 Heat Exchanger 28
29 Thermal System Design 29 Supercritical CO 2 Recompression Cycle Alternatives Steam Helium Efficiency Materials issues
30 Flownex Optimization 30 Pressure changes Pipe losses Component sizing Startup and shutdown simulation
31 Optimized System 31 Parameter Value Power Production 200 MWe Thermal Efficiency 44%
32 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 32
33 33 Origins Characteristics of design High capital cost Low fuel cost Long lifetime
34 Economic Analysis 34 System Capital Costs Operation & Maintenance Costs Overall Annual Cost Thermal Loop $100 million $40 million $140 million Loop $33 million $60 million $93 million Total Annual Cost Cost of Electricity $2 million $1 million $3 million $236 million 15.8 /kw-hr
35 CONCLUSION 35
36 Lessons Learned 36 Teammate communication Escalation of project complexity Importance of accepting help Necessity of experimental data
37 Acknowledgements 37 Prof. VanAntwerp, Calvin Faculty Advisor Sigval Berg, Industrial Consultant Stephen Theron, Flownex Bob DeKraker, Calvin College John Kutsch, Thorium Energy Alliance Prof. Heun, Calvin College Profs. Skutnik and Chvala, University of Tennessee
38 38 QUESTIONS
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